DE3028023C2 - Highly wear-resistant parts, especially for mixing and grinding units - Google Patents

Highly wear-resistant parts, especially for mixing and grinding units

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Publication number
DE3028023C2
DE3028023C2 DE19803028023 DE3028023A DE3028023C2 DE 3028023 C2 DE3028023 C2 DE 3028023C2 DE 19803028023 DE19803028023 DE 19803028023 DE 3028023 A DE3028023 A DE 3028023A DE 3028023 C2 DE3028023 C2 DE 3028023C2
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DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
wear
resistant parts
highly wear
titanium
oxygen
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DE19803028023
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German (de)
Other versions
DE3028023A1 (en
Inventor
Dieter Dr. Bühling
Werner Dr. DDR 8040 Dresden Fiedler
Wilm Dr. DDR 8036 Dresden Heinrich
Lothar Dr. DDR 8010 Dresden Illgen
Peter Dr. DDR 8045 Dresden Müller
Manfred Naumann
Karlheinz DDR 6530 Hermsdorf Rodegast
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KOMBINAT VEB KERAMISCHE WERKE HERMSDORF DDR 6530 HERMSDORF DD
Original Assignee
KOMBINAT VEB KERAMISCHE WERKE HERMSDORF DDR 6530 HERMSDORF DD
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Application filed by KOMBINAT VEB KERAMISCHE WERKE HERMSDORF DDR 6530 HERMSDORF DD filed Critical KOMBINAT VEB KERAMISCHE WERKE HERMSDORF DDR 6530 HERMSDORF DD
Publication of DE3028023A1 publication Critical patent/DE3028023A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE3028023C2 publication Critical patent/DE3028023C2/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/003—Pressing by means acting upon the material via flexible mould wall parts, e.g. by means of inflatable cores, isostatic presses
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
    • C23C8/10—Oxidising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
    • C23C8/24—Nitriding
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/28—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases more than one element being applied in one step

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Power Steering Mechanism (AREA)
  • Tires In General (AREA)
  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf Keramikindustrie, Metallurgie und Maschinenbau. Objekte, in denen ihre Anwendung möglich und zweckmäßig ist, sind verschleißfeste Teile in Maschinen und Vorrichtungen, insbesondere Misch- und Mahlaggregate. Die Anwendung kann auch unter korrosiven Bedingungen erfolgen.The invention relates to the ceramic industry, metallurgy and engineering. Objects in which their Application is possible and appropriate are wear-resistant Parts in machines and devices, in particular mixing and grinding units. The application can also take place under corrosive conditions.

Bekannt sind Mahlkörper und Mahltrommeln aus Hartmetall, Stahl, Prozellan, Flintsteinen, Achat, Plasten und Titanmetall. Sie gewährleisten durch ihren Abrieb keine verunreinigungsarme Aufbereitung des Mahlgutes, besitzen nur eine geringe Mahlwirkung und/oder sind durch aufwendige Herstellung teuer.Grinding bodies and grinding drums made of hard metal, steel, porcelain, flint stones, agate, plastic are known and titanium metal. Due to their abrasion, they do not guarantee a low-contamination preparation of the ground material, have only a low grinding effect and / or are expensive due to complex production.

Weiterhin sind bereits Mahlkugeln aus einem Werkstoff auf der Basis von Titan und Sauerstoff aus bis zu 97Gew.-% TiO2 und einem als Plastifikator und Bindemittel wirkenden Stoff, beispielsweise Bentonit oder Zelluloseäther, bekannt (A. Palatzky, Techn. Keramik, VEB Verlag Technik, Berlin 1954). Dieser Werkstoff hat den Mangel, daß wegen der geringen Abriebfestigkeit die daraus hergestellten Teile häufig ausgewechselt werden müssen und Zumahlungen zum Mahlgut die Verarbeitbarkeit des Mahlgutes und die Gebrauchseigenschaften der aus dem Mahlgut hergestellten Gegenstände erheblich herabsetzen. Mahlkörper aus dem genannten Werkstoff bedingen durch ihre relativ gering« Dichte von etwa 4 gern-3 eine relativ lange Mahldauer. Durch Zusatz von Bleiverbindungen in Höhe von 2 bis 10 Gew.-% zu gepulvertem TiO2 ist es gelungen, die Abriebfestigkeit derartiger Mahlkugeln fast zu verdoppeln (DE-PS 10 72 179); der Verschleiß ist aber immer noch relativ hoch und das Auftauchen von Blei in der Zumahlung bringt weitere Probleme.Furthermore, grinding balls made of a material based on titanium and oxygen with up to 97% by weight TiO 2 and a substance that acts as a plasticizer and binder, for example bentonite or cellulose ether, are known (A. Palatzky, Techn. Keramik, VEB Verlag Technik , Berlin 1954). This material has the deficiency that, because of its low abrasion resistance, the parts made from it have to be replaced frequently and grinding added to the regrind considerably reduces the processability of the regrind and the properties of the objects made from the regrind. Grinding media from said material require a relatively long grinding time by their relatively low "density of about 4 Gernkogel. 3 By adding 2 to 10% by weight of lead compounds to powdered TiO 2 , it has been possible to almost double the abrasion resistance of such grinding balls (DE-PS 10 72 179); However, the wear is still relatively high and the appearance of lead in the co-grinding causes further problems.

Weiterhin werden in CH 5 39 129 Nitride, d. h. echte Verbindungen mit eigenem Gitteraufbau, beschrieben, wogegen bei der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung durch den in gelöster Form enthaltenen Sauerstoff und Stickstoff lediglich eine Aufweitung des Kristallgitters erfolgt.Furthermore, in CH 5 39 129 nitrides, i.e. H. real Compounds with their own lattice structure, described, whereas in the solution according to the invention by the Oxygen and nitrogen contained in dissolved form merely expand the crystal lattice.

Derartige Nitridschichten sind zwar hart, wegen ihrer mangelhaften Haftung auf dem Grundkörper und ihrer geringen Duktilität aber wenig verschleißfest Bei Verschleißbeanspruchung platzen solche Schichten wegen der zwischen Schicht und Grundkörper auftretenden Spannungen leicht ab. Gleiches wird in der Fachliteratur (z. B. Zwicker, W,: Titan und Titanlegierungen, Springer-Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg/New York 1974. S. 456) für Titanoxide beschrieben.Such nitride layers are hard because of them inadequate adhesion to the base body and their low ductility but not very wear-resistant Such layers burst due to wear and tear due to the occurrence between the layer and the base body Stresses off easily. The same is stated in the specialist literature (e.g. Zwicker, W ,: Titan and titanium alloys, Springer-Verlag, Berlin / Heidelberg / New York 1974, p. 456) for titanium oxides.

ίο Vorstehendes gilt auch für GB 10 52 243, da sich der hier zitierte Sachverhalt ebenfalls auf gebundenen Sauerstoff und Stickstoff, d.h. auf eine diskrete Schichtbildung bezieht Die in der Veröffentlichung zu Schichtdicke und Härte angegebenen Werte weisen eindeutig auf das Vorliegen von Oxid- bzw. Nitridschichten, deren Verschleißverhalten aber auf Grund ihrer Mehrphasigkeit mangelhaft ist, da es keinesfalls zutrifft, daß gezielt hergestellte Phasengemische die Voraussetzung für die Gewährleistung der Vi>sschleißfestigkeit bilden.ίο The above also applies to GB 10 52 243, since the The facts cited here also apply to bound oxygen and nitrogen, i.e. to a discrete Layer formation refers to the values given in the publication for layer thickness and hardness clearly on the presence of oxide or nitride layers, but their wear behavior due to their multiphase is inadequate, since it is by no means true that specifically produced phase mixtures the Prerequisite for guaranteeing the wear resistance form.

Dieser Umstand ist auch für den Vergleich mit GB 13 51 062 bedeutsam, abgesehen davon, daß in dieser Veröffentlichung weder von Abriebfestigkeil noch davon gesprochen wird, daß der in der Oberflächenschicht enthaltene Sauerstoff und Stickstoff in gelöster Form vorliegt Vielmehr geht aus GB 13 51062 auf Grund des angegebenen Härtewertes von 1000 HV 100 eindeutig hervor, daß stets an der Oberfläche die Verbindungsbildung (Oxid bzw. Nitrid) angestrebt undThis fact is also significant for the comparison with GB 13 51 062, apart from the fact that in this Publication neither speaks of abrasion-resistant wedge nor that the one in the surface layer contained oxygen and nitrogen is present in dissolved form Reason for the specified hardness value of 1000 HV 100 clearly shows that the formation of a compound (oxide or nitride) is always sought and on the surface

erst sekundär auf die in der Tiefe abnehmende Härte eingegangen wird. Das entspricht aber wiederum der dieser Lösung zugrunde liegenden Zielstellung, die in der Herstellung einer kratzfesten und anlaufunempfindlichen Oberfläche mit metallischem Glanz für Uhrengehäuse besteht Insofern stört auch nicht die bei dieser Lösung gegebene Mehrphasigkeit (Oxidgitter — Titangitter), da der angestrebte Einsatzzweck nicht die Gefahr in sich birgt daß die obere Schicht abplatzt wie beispielsweise bei Gleitverschleißbeanspruchung.only secondarily the decreasing hardness in depth is discussed. But that again corresponds to the This solution is based on the objective of producing a scratch-resistant and tarnish-resistant There is a surface with a metallic sheen for watch cases Solution given multiphase (oxide lattice - titanium lattice), since the intended use is not the There is a risk that the upper layer will flake off, for example when exposed to sliding wear.

Es sei darauf verwiesen, daß Härte und Verschleiß nur bei Vorliegen ganz bestimmter Verschleißmechanismen, z. B. bei abrasiver Beanspruchung (wie bei Hartmetallen) korrelieren, während z. B. bei gleitender Beanspruchung keine Zusammenhänge gefunden werden (z. B. Kupplungsbeläge — niedrige Härte, geringer Verschleiß). Auf diese Problematik wurde kürzlich von führenden Wissenschaftlern der Bundesanstalt für Materialprüfung in Berlin-Dahlem ausführlich und praxisnah eingegangen (Habig, K.-H. und Czichow, K. inIt should be pointed out that hardness and wear can only be achieved if very specific wear mechanisms are present, z. B. correlate with abrasive stress (as with hard metals), while z. B. with sliding No correlations can be found under stress (e.g. clutch linings - low hardness, lower Wear and tear). Leading scientists from the Federal Institute for Material testing in Berlin-Dahlem was detailed and practical (Habig, K.-H. and Czichow, K. in

so Z. f. Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976) 7, S. 247-251; Habig, K.-H. in »Verschleiß und Härte von Werkstoffen «, Carl Hanser Verlag München/Wien 1980; Czichos, K. in »Trihology«, Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company Amsterdam/Oxfcrd/New York 1978).see Z. f. Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976) 7, pp. 247-251; Hurry K.-H. in "Wear and Hardness of Materials", Carl Hanser Verlag Munich / Vienna 1980; Czichos, K. in Trihology, Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company Amsterdam / Oxfcrd / New York 1978).

Ziel der Erfindung ist die Verlängerung der Einsatzdauer verschleißbeanspruchter Teile sowie die weitgehende Vermeidung schädlicher Zumahlungen und Herabsetzung der Mahldauer bei Mahlprozessen in der Keramikindustrie und Metallurgie.The aim of the invention is to extend the service life of parts subject to wear and tear, as well as the extensive avoidance of harmful co-grindings and reduction of the grinding time in grinding processes in the ceramic industry and metallurgy.

Der Erfindung tiegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, Teile mit Oberflächen hoher Abriebfestigkeit unter Beibehaltung der Eigenschaften des Grundkörpers anzugeben.The invention is based on the object of providing parts with surfaces with high abrasion resistance while maintaining them the properties of the base body.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß die Teile aus einem Grundkörper, versehen mit einer Oberflächenschicht aus Titan oder einer Ti-Basis-Legierung, bestehen, die mit 0,5—15 Atomprozent Sauerstoff und 0,03—7,5 Atomprozent Stickstoff in gelöster Form legiert ist. Zweckmäßig ist ein Gehalt vonAccording to the invention the object is achieved in that the parts consist of a base body, provided with a surface layer made of titanium or a Ti-based alloy, with 0.5-15 atomic percent Oxygen and 0.03-7.5 atomic percent nitrogen is alloyed in dissolved form. A salary of

2—10 Atomprozeiu Sauerstoff und 1—6 Atomprozent Stickstoff, günstig ein Verhältnis zwischen Sauerstoff und Stickstoff von 2 · l. Es kann zweckmäßig sein, nicht die gesamte Oberfläcne, sondern nur hochbeanspruchte Stellen davon zu legieren.2-10 atomic percent oxygen and 1-6 atomic percent Nitrogen, a favorable ratio between oxygen and nitrogen of 2 · l. It may not be practical the entire surface, but only to alloy highly stressed areas of it.

Der Grundkörper, der die erfindungsgemäß zusammengesetzte Schicht trägt, bleibt als Schichtträger in seinen Eigenschaften unbeeinflußt Zweckmäßigerweise kann der Grundkörper auch aus Titan oder einer Titan-Basis-Legierung bestehen.The base body, which is composed according to the invention The properties of the layer remain unaffected expediently as a layer carrier the base body can also consist of titanium or a titanium-based alloy.

Die hochverschleißfesten Teile werden beispielsweise so hergestellt, daß der Grundkörper mit einer Schicht aus Titan oder einer Titan-Basis-Legierung überzogen und im Temperaturbereich von 450— 160O0C V2 Stunde bis 100 Stunden in einer Atmosphäre mit insgesamt I —50 ppm Sauerstoff und Stickstoff geglüht wird. Bei Grundkörpern aus Titan entfällt das vor dem Glühen erforderliche Oberziehen, bei bestimmten Ti-Basis-Legierungen kann es zweckmäßig sein.The highly wear-resistant parts are prepared, for example, that the base body coated with a layer of titanium or a titanium-based alloy and the temperature range of 450- 160o 0 CV 2 hour to 100 hours in an atmosphere having a total of I -50 ppm oxygen and nitrogen is annealed. In the case of base bodies made of titanium, the top-plating required before annealing is not required; in the case of certain Ti-based alloys, it can be useful.

Insbesondere bei langer Glühdauer ist die Reaktion über den Partialdruck von Sauerstoff und Stickstoff so zu steuern, daß die Einlagerung in tiefere Gitterlagen fortschreitet, ohne an der Oberfläche die Phasengrenze zu TiN und ΤΪΟ2 zu überschreiten.The reaction is via the partial pressure of oxygen and nitrogen, especially with long annealing times to control that the incorporation proceeds into deeper lattice layers without the phase boundary on the surface to exceed TiN and ΤΪΟ2.

Als hochverschleißfester Werkstoff für zylindrische Mahlkörper dient Titan mit 6 Atomprozent gelöstem Sauerstoff und 3 Atomprozent gelöstem Stickstoff. Gegenüber bekannten Mahlkörpern auf der Basis von TiOi verlängert sich die Einsatzdauer um das 20fache und die erforderliche Mahldauer verkürzt sich um etwa 20%. Gegenüber Kugeln aus Achat wird bei gleicher Verschleißfestigkeit eine Verkürzung der Mahldauer um Jas 5- bis. 8fache erzielt und der Preis ist erheblich niedr-.ger.Titanium with 6 atomic percent dissolved serves as a highly wear-resistant material for cylindrical grinding media Oxygen and 3 atomic percent dissolved nitrogen. Compared to known grinding media based on TiOi extends the service life by 20 times and the required grinding time is shortened by about 20%. Compared to balls made of agate, the grinding time is shortened with the same wear resistance to Jas 5- to. Achieved 8 times and the price is significantly lower.

Claims (5)

Patentansprüche:Patent claims: 1. Hochverschleißfeste Teile, insbesondere für Misch- und Mahlaggregate, die sich aus einem Grundkörper und einer Sauerstoff und Stickstoff enthaltenden Oberflächenschicht auf Ti-Basis zusammensetzen, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß die Oberflächenschicht aus Titan oder einer Ti-Basis-Legierung besteht und mit 0,5—15 Atomprozent Sauerstoff und 0,03—7,5 Atomprozent Stickstoff in gelöster Form legiert ist.1. Highly wear-resistant parts, especially for Mixing and grinding units, which consist of a base body and an oxygen and nitrogen composed of a Ti-based surface layer, characterized in that that the surface layer consists of titanium or a Ti-based alloy and with 0.5-15 atomic percent Oxygen and 0.03-7.5 atomic percent nitrogen is alloyed in dissolved form. 2. Hochverschleißfeste Teile nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß die Oberfläche mit 2—10 Atomprozent Sauerstoff und 1—6 Atomprozenl Stickstoff legiert ist,2. Highly wear-resistant parts according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface with 2-10 atomic percent oxygen and 1-6 atomic percent Nitrogen is alloyed, 3. Hochverschleißfeste Teile nach den Ansprüchen 1 und 2, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß in der auflegierten Oberfläche zwischen Sauerstoff und Stickstoff ein Verhältnis von 2 :1 besteht.3. Highly wear-resistant parts according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that in the There is a ratio of 2: 1 between oxygen and nitrogen on the alloyed surface. 4. Hochverschleißfeste Teile nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 3, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß nur bestimmte verschleißbeanspruchte Oberflächenstellen legiert sind.4. Highly wear-resistant parts according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that only certain areas of the surface subject to wear are alloyed. 5. Hochverschleißfeste Teile nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 4, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß der Grundkörper aus Titan oder einer Titan-Basis-Legierung besteht5. Highly wear-resistant parts according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the Base body made of titanium or a titanium-based alloy
DE19803028023 1979-09-19 1980-07-24 Highly wear-resistant parts, especially for mixing and grinding units Expired DE3028023C2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DD21562479A DD146556B1 (en) 1979-09-19 1979-09-19 HIGH-WEAR-RESISTANT PARTS, ESPECIALLY FOR MIXING AND GRINDING AGGREGATES AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE3028023A1 DE3028023A1 (en) 1981-03-26
DE3028023C2 true DE3028023C2 (en) 1983-06-30

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ID=5520157

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DE19803028023 Expired DE3028023C2 (en) 1979-09-19 1980-07-24 Highly wear-resistant parts, especially for mixing and grinding units

Country Status (7)

Country Link
JP (3) JPS5653754A (en)
CS (1) CS235919B1 (en)
DD (1) DD146556B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3028023C2 (en)
FR (1) FR2465788A1 (en)
HU (1) HU190775B (en)
YU (1) YU240580A (en)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2544748A2 (en) * 1981-02-06 1984-10-26 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Process for producing a protective oxide layer
JPS59145705A (en) * 1983-02-10 1984-08-21 Toyo Soda Mfg Co Ltd Production of pulverous powder of high purity titanium carbide
JPS6019054A (en) * 1983-07-14 1985-01-31 石原産業株式会社 Crushing of titanium oxide particulate material
JPS6032052A (en) * 1983-08-03 1985-02-19 Toray Ind Inc Electrostatic recording body
US5171480A (en) * 1988-08-29 1992-12-15 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Electrophotographic photosensitive member containing a conductive layer which comprises a resin and a conductive zinc oxide having a tetrapad structure
CA1334479C (en) * 1988-08-29 1995-02-21 Minoru Yoshinaka Conductive composition and method for making the same
US6221173B1 (en) * 1996-03-26 2001-04-24 Citizen Watch Co., Ltd. Titanium or titanium alloy member and surface treatment method therefor
WO1998003693A1 (en) * 1996-07-18 1998-01-29 Citizen Watch Co., Ltd. Titanium-base decoration member and method for curing the same
JP2002097914A (en) * 2000-07-18 2002-04-05 Fuji Oozx Inc Engine valve made of titanium alloy and method of manufacturing it
TWI404811B (en) * 2009-05-07 2013-08-11 Atomic Energy Council Method of fabricating metal nitrogen oxide thin film structure

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1052243A (en) * 1900-01-01
FR2123207B1 (en) * 1971-01-29 1974-03-22 Pompey Acieries
FR2136037A5 (en) * 1971-04-05 1972-12-22 Metaux Precieux Sa

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DD146556A1 (en) 1981-02-18
FR2465788A1 (en) 1981-03-27
DD146556B1 (en) 1982-09-29
YU240580A (en) 1983-12-31
DE3028023A1 (en) 1981-03-26
JPS5653754A (en) 1981-05-13
JPS5653756A (en) 1981-05-13
JPS64101B2 (en) 1989-01-05
FR2465788B3 (en) 1982-07-02
HU190775B (en) 1986-11-28
JPS5653757A (en) 1981-05-13
CS235919B1 (en) 1985-05-15

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