DD145030A3 - APPARATUS FOR GENERATING EQUIVALENT MERCURY STRUCTURES IN CHLORINE ALKALI ELECTROLYSES - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for generating uniform mercury currents in chlor-alkali electrolysis, wherein between the decomposer and the Quscksiiberpumpe a limiter and degasser, which also serves as a level vessel for the mercury, and a cleaner and Nachentgaser, in which a sieve for cleaning of mercury are attached. By the form of the mercury on the pump enters a self-regulation.

Description

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VEB CHEMIEKOMBIMT BITTEEi ¹ EIH Bitterfeld, 30.6.1977

1905

Device for generating uniform mercury flows in chlor-alkali electrolyses

Area of application of the invention

The invention relates to a device for generating uniform mercury currents in electrolysis for the production of alkali solutions and chlorine, the electrolysis of the cell, the decomposer or Pile, the mercury pump and the connecting pipes consists;

Cha rakt eristik the known technical. Solutions

It is known that alkali liquors and chlorine are produced in mercury electrolysis cells. The mercury must always be pumped in the circulation, so that the peculiar. The electrolytic process, namely the formation of the amalgam and the decomposition of the same in the pile or the decomposer, can take place. For pumping the mercury mechanical, such as centrifugal or Koriuspumpen and electromagnetic pumps are known.

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The part of the mechanical pumps is that you can use the cone pumps only if the amount of mercury production is not more than 1 m. At a higher altitude it is difficult to balance the rotor of the pump. In addition, when the mercury is discharged from the pump, the mercury is broken up into droplets, forming a significant amount of "mercury flour" causing the steel bottom of the electrolytic bath to be exposed, increasing the volume of mercury to be poured and increasing the size of the mercury Mercury and brine losses entails, the operating efficiency of the electrolyzer decreases and increases the content of dissolved mercury in the final product.

For the promotion of mercury over higher altitudes, the use of fly-wave pumps is well-known «

Significant fluctuations, as well as the reduction in capacity and the head of the pump depending on the wear of the impeller cause the same Kachteile mentioned above »

It is also known to use electromagnetic pumps for the promotion of cathode mercury in electrolysis for the production of chlorine and alkali solutions. «

However, the above pumps could not be used until now due to a number of technical difficulties such as

- Business uncertainty in the promotion of mercury

Variations in the pumping capacity as a function of the wear of the graphite attachment of the decomposer and of the consumption of the mercury used during operation

-Through of graphite particles with the mercury and thereby disturbance of the mercury current.

In addition, the self-regulation of the layer thickness of the cathode mercury is not dependent on the reactivity of the decomposer and the variation in the performance of the pumps used. "

Aim of the invention.

The object of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the cell in the chlor-alkali electrolysis by self-regulation of the pump power, to eliminate the impurities of the mercury and to reduce the mercury losses.

Presentation of the essence of the invention

By the invention it becomes possible to have a mercury circulation zxx. which regulates itself and allows the mercury to flow completely evenly throughout the electrolytic cell with its associated aggregates. The formation of gas cushions and the smashing of the mercury are avoided.

The object is achieved in that in the electrolysis cycle, which consists of the cell, the decomposer, the connecting pipes with the electromagnetic pump, · in the pipeline a limiter and degasser, which serves as ITiveaugefäß, and a Nachentgaser and cleaner, which is between the decomposer and the electromagnetic pump are installed. The volume of the leveling vessel is 0.05 to 3 % of the hourly capacity of the pump «. ,

With reference to the drawing, the device for the self-regulating mercury cycle is to be displayed. The device consists of a limiter and degasser 3, the

simultaneously serves as .Hive eye barrel for the mercury level, and a cleaner and Nachentgaser 4j which are inserted between the decomposer 1 and the mercury pump 2 in the mercury cycle »The limiter and degasser 3 is connected by an overflow with the decomposer 1 He is either in the vertical or vertical part of the piping ,, The restrictor and degasser 3 is provided with a degassing 7 at the same time ₅ which is led into the hydrogen suction pipe or into the open air. The limiter and degasser 3 has as T 'level vessel a mercury collection capacity of about 2 to 10 <# of the volume of mercury in the decomposer 1. This mercury reservoir exerts a pre-pressure the mercury pump 2 off. Before the mercury pump 2 is still the cleaner and Ifechentgaser 4 installed »In this cleaner and TTaehentgaser 4 is a sieve 5 _? to retain entrained C-raphe particles or other impurities in the mercury. The removal of impurities from the cleaner and Uachentgaser 4 and l'Jachentgasungsleitung 8 is achieved by a partial flow of Pilenwassers, which is introduced through the nozzle 9. Coarse impurities are discharged through the discharge pipe 6. "The mercury contained in the decomposer 1 passes through an overflow into the restrictor and degasser 3, which also serves as a level vessel for the mercury. By means of a degassing attached to it, the residual hydrogen or water vapor which forms in the apparatus due to the high temperatures escapes into the hydrogen suction line or into the open air. The high-specific mercury contained in the limiter and degasser 3 escapes This pressure is a pre-pressure for the mercury pool and automatically regulates the pumping speed. As soon as the mercury level in the restrictor and degasser 3 drops, the admission pressure to the mercury pump 2 becomes high lower and the

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Flow rate decreases. Thus, the mercury level in the limiter and degasser 3 rise again, the form on the Queeksilberpumpe 2 is larger and the flow rate of the mercury pump 2 increases. This self-regulation starts immediately after starting up the system. But to ensure proper functioning of the Queeksilberpumpe 2 to be guaranteed before the Queeksilberpumpe 2 still a cleaner and Hachentgaser 4 »In this cleaner and ITachentgaser 4 a sieve 5 is fitted, which retain all impurities in the mercury By introducing a partial flow of'Pilenwassers through the pipe 9 into the cleaner and liachentgaser 4. is prevented from crystallizing the cleaner and i-gas separator 4. The impurities are removed by the MachentgasungsiOhr 8 from the circulation. Coarse impurities are discharged through the drain pipe 6. Any gas or vapor cushions which may still form escape also through the gas degassing duct 8 ".

Claims (1)

Irfindungsanspruch. Torrichtung to produce uniform Quecksilberstu? Oeme in chlorine ~ ^A lkali electrolyses _s consisting of a cell, a decomposer or Pile, a mercury ~ pump lind to these parts connecting pipes bestehtj characterized in that (between the decomposer (1) and the mercury pump 2) a limiter and degasser (3) »which serves as a level vessel for the mercury and is provided with a degassing (7), is arranged. Apparatus for generating uniform mercury overflows in Ohlor-alkali-Eiektrolysen according to item 1, characterized.dadurch that between the mercury pump (2) and the limiter and degasser (3) a cleaner and Nachentgaser (4-), in which a sieve (5) is fitted and there is a drain pipe (6) and a Nachentgasungsleitung (8) is located © For this 1 page drawings