DD142940A5 - HANDY DENTAL INSTRUMENT - Google Patents

Description

3 64 ^ ^{Α β1 c / 212 364}

Berlin, the 20th 4 _e 1979 GZ 54 965

Handy Stomatologi hes instru ment

Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to a handy dental instrument, which is operated by a low-speed pneumatic motor and preferably used for scraping and polishing of teeth.

Characteristic of the known technical solutions

In general, a dental instrument must be light and handy so that it can be easily operated by the dentist. In addition, it must work very quietly so as not to bother the patient. It should also work as trouble-free as possible and be easily and quickly repairable in case of defects.

There are two Tjrpen of dental Handiüstrumenten, d * h _e, a type having a motor with a very low speed (about 5000 -13 000 U / min) and the other with extremely high speed (about 200,000 to 500,000 U / min) · The conventional dental hand instrument, which works with a low-speed Pceumatikniotor, has various structural defects. According to the known construction, it is difficult to provide a cylinder that is eccentric zvm housing, and da ™

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Precise working and setting can not be achieved. Moreover, since a large flow resistance is produced in the channels for the compressed air according to the conventional construction method, only the low-speed rotation of the pneumatic motor could not achieve the high torque required for the dental treatment · Therefore, in order to produce the high torque required for the actuation of the dental instrument element, a small air turbine engine was used and operated at extremely high speed. The very high rotational power thus generated was applied to a device for the reduction, the rotation. Thus, a conventional instrument must be provided with a decelerating transmission connected to a rotor axis of the pneumatic motor in the grip · With this transmission device, a clamping or holding device is connected _s to clamp or hold the instrument element, for example, a toothed scraping element j «. In a conventional instrument, therefore, the rotor of the pneumatic motor and the jig are separated from each other so that there was a reduction gear between them

Consequently, since the reduction gear is housed in the handle, this handle must be voluminous and heavy. "Such an instrument is inconvenient and difficult for the dentist to handle. In addition, since the operation of the transmission causes a switching noise, the patient is annoyed. worried and scared. Furthermore, faults frequently occur on the gearbox, making repairs necessary «

Berlin, 20. 4. 1S79 GZ 54 965 24

Object of the invention

It is the object of the invention to provide a pneumatically actuated dental instrument with small dimensions and convenient handling, which is relatively simple to manufacture and allows for easy repair.

the essence of the invention

The invention has for its object to provide a low-noise dental instrument having a low-speed Pneuma.tikmotor with high torque, which is directly - without reduction option - connected to the treatment instrument.

According to the invention, a dental hand instrument is provided which is actuated by a low speed pneumatic motor consisting of a combination of the following elements:

In a handle, which is designed as a housing, there is a Pneusiatikmotor. A jig for holding a dental treatment instrument, such as a teat cocking member, is disposed in a position concentric with the electric motor of the pneumatic motor, said housing having a front and a rear chamber; wherein to said front chamber, a plurality of feed channels and Abführoügskanälen for the compressed air are formed of Vorsprimgen on the inner surface of the housing; a cylinder eccentrically located in the front chamber and provided with openings communicating with the

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said supply and discharge channels are connected, said Eotor, which is rotatably arranged in said cylinder and having a rotor shaft which protrudes from the housing * Further comprising a valve tube having feed and discharge channels, which with the supply and discharge channels connected to the housing and hoses for compressed air, which are connected to the supply \ md discharge channels ·

The dental instrument element _s, for example, a scraper or polishing device, is directly connected to the rotor axis by means of a jig or by means of a transmission shaft which is in an angled handle.

The valve tube is functionally installed in the rear chamber of the housing so _? that three tap positions can be taken. On the one hand this is a Kormalstufenstellung in which the supply and discharge channels are connected in the valve tube with the supply and discharge channels in the front chamber of the housing. On the other hand, this is a Verschlußstufeinstellung in which the supply and discharge passages are closed by the rear end face of the housing «Furthermore, this is a reverse stage position in which the supply channel is connected in the valve tube to the discharge channel in the front chamber, while the discharge channel in the valve tube with connected to the feed channel in the front chamber of the housing *

The Itfori / ialst'ofecstellung is the operation of the dental instrument in a normal treatment, while the

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Used by a left-handed dentist or when the instrument is detached from the rotor axis _o

The rotor arranged in the cylinder has radially arranged grooves on the outer surface, into which slidable blocking vanes are inserted. In addition, the rotor has passage channels for introducing compressed air into the bottom of the grooves on the supply side of the compressed air, i. ho, at the uppermost position of the blocking vanes, so that the rotation of the blocking vanes or the rotational speed of the rotor can be accelerated.

For the treatment of the tooth with the instrument according to the invention, compressed air is introduced via the supply channel of the valve tube into the supply channel of the housing, then passes through air inlet openings in the cylinder and rotates the rotor by the Aasübung of air pressure on the barrier wings. 7 / as the compressed air turns the rotor, it flows from the outlet openings in the cylinder into the discharge channels «

The rotation of the rotor shaft is transmitted directly to the shaft of the instrument element or to the instrument element via a shaft which is in an angled handle} so that the instrument element rotates at a speed equal to the rotational speed of the rotor.

According to the invention, the air flows smoothly through the channels, without being slowed down by the flow resistance, since protrude on the inner surface of the housing by projections.

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In addition, a cylinder of uniform wall thickness is arranged eccentrically with respect to the female housing within a series of projections. These projections are mounted on the inside of the housing and often ensure a more precise working and setting up of the cylinder than in the conventional cylinder 5 is designed differently, so that the cylinder can be arranged eccentric-h relative to the housing * Thus, the loss of compressed air is reduced to a minimum, resulting in an improvement in the efficiency of the speed of the rotor-fifth-muf -'- this In this way, a high torque of the rotor can be achieved at low speed.

It is therefore not necessary to _let's run the Pneumatikaiotor at a high speed and slow down the speed of rotation, as in the known embodiments is the case. " Thus, it is possible to transmit the low-speed rotor power directly to the treatment element, whereby the instrument element rotates with a high torque and a speed which is synchronous with that of the rotor. Polzahl is no reduction gear to reduce the speed of the instrument memo necessary.

The dental instrument according to the invention can be light and short compared to the known instruments equipped with reduction gears *

Since the invention does not work with a reduction gear j is the number of element which the tooth

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Therefore, the production of the instrument is easier and simpler, and there are no problems associated with reduction gears. In addition, no unpleasant switching noise is caused.

Since air diverts for the introduction of additional compressed air are provided for the locking wings in the ends of the grooves, the starting of the rotor is additionally _s accelerated resulting in a v / Eiteren gain of the torque which is delivered to the tool element.

Au sf ühru p gsb ei spi e 1

In the following, the invention is explained in more detail with reference to several exemplary embodiments, wherein the drawings show the following:

1 is a perspective view of the dental instrument,

Fig. 2: a longitudinal section of the dental instrument with dissolved clamping device _?

51g "3 * shows a cross section of the instrument in the plane I1I-III according to KLg. 2,

Pig «, 4 ·: another cross-section of the instrument in the plane IV-IV according to Fig. 2,

5 * is a longitudinal section of the locked jig j

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6 shows a cross-section of the clamping device in the plane VI-VI according to FIG. 5, FIG.

FIG. 7 shows a further cross section of the clamping device in the plane VII - VII according to FIG. 5, FIG.

Hg * 8ί a cross section of the instrument analogous to FIG. 3 at the reverse stage position of the rotor,

Pig »9 * a cross-section of the instrument analogous to Big. 4 at reverse stage setting "" cies rotor, "'-' --- = - ·· ------

Fig. 10: a cross section of the clamping device analogous to Pig. 6 at reverse stage position of the rotor,

Fig. 11: a perspective view of the dental instrument with an angle piece for the treatment instrument.

The embodiment of FIG _e 1 shows a view from which it is apparent that a treatment instrument B, which consists of a shaft b and designed as Zahnschabe- or Zahnpolierelement instrument element V, is detachably connected to a pneumatic motor, which is located in a handle A. ·

The said handle A consists of a cylindrical housing 10 of a size which can be easily gripped and held securely by the hand of a dentist, much like a pen holder _e The pneumatic motor consists of "a cylinder 2 ₉ a rotor 3" a cage 4 and one

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Valve tube 5, as shown in Pigo 2 ·

Said housing 10 has a smaller front portion 10 ^f , which is separated from the main part of the housing 10 by a partition wall 11. The partition wall 11 is provided in its middle part with an opening for a rotor shaft 3 ¹ *

The housing 10 is provided with a plurality of longitudinal ribs 13 on the outer circumference, so that it does not slide out of hand when holding · The housing 10 forms inside a front chamber a and a rear chamber a ¹ , wherein the separation takes place approximately half the length. Said rear chamber a ¹ is concentric with the housing 10, ie, the inner circular surface of the housing forms the chamber a ', as can be seen from Pig «4. From the inner surface of the housing 10 protrude into the front chamber a, a series of projections 14, each having different lengths. In this way, a cylindrical space 15, which is eccentric to the housing 10, formed in the front chamber a within the series of these projections 14. Between the projections 14 longitudinal grooves are formed which serve as Zuiührungskanäle 6 and discharge channels 7 for the compressed air.

As from the S ¹ Ig. 3, the inside of the front chamber a on the eccentric side is provided with a small projection 14 'so that a groove 16 of the cylinder 2 located in said cylindrical space 15 can engage the projection 14'. In addition, as is apparent from the Pig "4, on the inner surface of the housing 10, a projection 14" for mounting the cage 4 is present,

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which is in the rear chamber a ^f "and is fixed to the housing 10 is arranged»

Said cylinder 2 ₉ located in the cylindrical space 15 is _$, provided with openings 8 for the compressed air, the sindj connected to the feed channels 6 and »which are connected with the discharge channels 7 having openings 9 · As described, the free Rotation of the cylinder 2 prevents when the groove 16 of the cylinder 2 in the projection 14 ^! the housing 10 engages *

The cage 4 is mounted in the end part of the cylinder 2 and is fastened by the projection 14 "

The extended portion 5 ¹ ^ valve tube 5 has a ring 26, over which an operating handle 27 has been attached, so that the valve tube 5 can be rotated * also. is a portion 5 "ßiit a feed channel 28 and a" Xbführungskanal 29 for the compressed air connected _s which are connected to openings 28 ¹ or _e 29 'of the valve tube 5 · The openings 28 * and 2ψ are arranged so that the opening 29 * a Outlet 23 'and the opening 28 ^! an inlet 22 ^{f covered} in the cage 4. (Normal step position according to 51g «4) · Upon rotation of the valve tube 5, the opening 28 'with the outlet 23 ^! brought iB overlap, so that the other opening 29 ¹ the inlet 22 'covers (Umkehrstufenstellüng according to 3? ig * 9) ο In an intermediate position of the valve tube 5, the opening is ^s connected neither to the inlet 22 * even with the outlet 23 ¹ 28 (Closing position according to £ 10) ·

In order to make the precise adjustment of the openings 28 ', - 29', SiM pins 3Gf 30 '' at the end of the cage 4 are made so

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ordered that one of them cooperates with the edge of the opening 29 ', as shown in Fig. 4, whereby the normal or reverse stage position of the supply and discharge channels 28; In this connection, an adjustment mark is present on the operating handle 27 and a cap-shaped ring nut 25, which shows the normal, the reversing and the closing step position · The aforementioned supply and discharge channels 28 and 29 are connected to a hose 31 for Supply of compressed air or "connected to a hose 32 for the return of the compressed air"

The compressed air is introduced into the feed channel 28 through the tube 31, flows through the opening 28 ', the inlet 22', a channel 22 into the feed channels 6, from where it flows into the cylinder 2, v / ie from the Fig * 2 shows. In the cylinder 2, the compressed air moves radially movable in the rotor 3 'arranged blocking wing 21, whereby the rotor 3 is moved "Thereafter, the compressed air via openings 9 and discharge channels 7, a channel 23» the outlet 23', an opening 29 '> a discharge channel 29 in the tube 32 (Noriaalstuf setting according to Pigo 4) · The continuous supply of compressed air, the rotor 3 and thus the rotor shaft 3 ^{1 is} rotated, which is an integral part of said rotor 3.

A portion of the outflowing compressed air in the channel 23 can be returned via v / eitere channels 24 j 24 'in the rotor 3 and enters into grooves 20 which receive the blocking vanes 21. As a result, the rotation of the blocking vanes 21 is accelerated

When the valve tube 5 via the operating handle 2? is set to the Urekehrstellung shown in FIG. 9, the flows

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Compressed air from the hose y \ in the feed channel 28 and through the opening 28 ^! , the outlet 23 ', the channel 23, the channels 7 and the openings 9 is the cylinder 2.'The-rotor 3 is set in rotation, which runs in the opposite direction as previously described according to Fig. 2 © In this reversal stage position enters the compressed air from the cylinder 2 to the openings 8, channels 6, the channel 22, the former inlet 22 ^f , the opening 29 'in the discharge channel 29 · The compressed air can via channels 24; 24 'arrive in the hats 20 even at this reverse position in order to accelerate the rotation of the blocking vanes 21 and thus of the rotor 3 ·

On the said handle A, a clamping device 40 is attached, which clamps the treatment instrument B or carries it * From the smaller section 10 ^! of the housing 10 is the rotor shaft 3 'before $ which carries a cylindrical member 41 j in turn, a shaft of the treatment instrument B is introduced *

The rotor shaft 3 'carries directly behind the cylindrical member 41 a transversely to the longitudinal axis arranged as a pin formed element. A locking block 44 is attached and a nut 45 is screwed over the element 41. On the nut 45, a clamping bolt 46 mounted on the smaller portion 10 ^{f of} the housing v / ird a clamping ring 48 attached, which is fastened by a screw 49 and the rotor shaft 3 '»the locking bolt 44, the nut 45 and other components covered or «Encloses t,

The locking block 44, which has a cylinder 52 ₉ v / ird by a spring 50 in the direction of .Spanskloben 46 ge

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expressed When the Verriegelungskloben 44 moves to the right, engages an attached in this Verriegelungskloben 44 zahüförmige groove 5 ^ ia the pin 43 a _e The inside of the nut 45 the front end is formed as a cone 53 and is thus analogous to the end of the cylindrical member 41 designed*

The clamping block 46 has teeth 54 'which cooperate with analogue teeth 54 at the end of the chuck 45, and webs 55? which engage in analogous openings 56 which are formed in a cap 47 «

When the clamping ring 48 to the rear, d. h, on the housing 10 is printed or pushed, the clamping block 46 and the locking block 44 are moved, whereby the tooth 54 * of the clamping block 46 with the tooth 5 ² ^ the mother 45 cooperates, while the groove 51 of the clamping block 44 in the pin 43 engages. In addition, the cylinder 52 of the Spannklobens 44 engages in the opening 56 of the cap 47 a. Consequently, a rotation is not possible, as shown in the Hg. 5 to 7.

When the clamping ring 48 is rotated, the rotor shaft 3 ^! is locked by the cooperation of the Verriegelungsklobens 44, the pin 43 and the cap 47, and the nut 45 is screwed onto the element 41 of the locked rotor shaft 3 ¹ . This causes the nut 45 to move back. When the clamping ring 48 is rotated in the opposite direction, the nut 45 moves forward on the cylinder 41

When the nut 45 moves back, a cone 53 is pressed over the cylindrical member 41, so that the shaft b is connected to the member 41 c moves the nut 45th

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downward, the cone 53 is removed from the element 41, whereby the shaft b can be released from the element 41 »

After, the nut 45 is screwed | When the clamping ring 48 is turned back, the clamping bolt 46 and the locking skloben 44 are returned to their original position, dazu.ist only the force of the spring 50 is required ·

In this way, by connecting the bail of the treatment instrument B to the rotor shaft 3 ¹ by the clamping device 40, the eotor power is transmitted directly to the shaft b.

The embodiment according to ITig _e 11 shows a treatment element B ^! which is located at a known angle C The angle C includes a transmission shaft which is connected to the pneumatic motor «, This is the" rotational power or torque _o transmitted from the Eotor 3 of the pneumatic motor to the instrument element b '. The shaft b of the instrument element b ¹ is inserted into the element 41 of the rotor shaft y by means of the clamping device 40 and held in this rotor shaft 3 ^f , as already described _s

Claims (2)

AP A 61 C / 212 3β4 Berlin, the 20th, 4th, 1979 GZ 54 965 24 - 15 - 2 He foundungsan spoke Handy dental instrument which is actuated by a low-speed pneumatic motor, characterized by the combination of a handle (A), which is composed of a housing (10) in which the pneumatic motor is housed, and a clamping device (40) for holding the dental treatment instrument (B), for example a scraper element, in a concentric with a rotor (3) of the pneumatic motor position; said housing (10) having a front and a rear chamber; said front chamber including a plurality of supply passages (6) and discharge passages (7) for the compressed air formed by protrusions (14) around the inner surface of the housing (10); a cylinder (2) located eccentrically in the front chamber and provided with openings (8; 9) connected to said supply and exhaust ducts (6; 7), the rotor (3) being rotatable is mounted in said cylinder (2) and has a rotor shaft (3 ') which protrudes from the housing (10); a Yentilrohr (5) having feed and Abführurigskanäle (28; 29) which are connected to said supply and Abfülirungskajaälen (6; 7) of the housing (10) and hoses (31; 32) for compressed air, which with the Supply and discharge hoses communicating with said air supply and discharge channels (28, 29) ₀ Berlin, 20 · 4. 1979 GZ 54 965 24 2. Handy dental instrument according to item 1, characterized in that the height of the projections (14) with each other is different, so that the cylinder (2) which is disposed within the projections (14), eccentric to the housing (10) " befindete 3β Handy dental instrument according to item 1, characterized in that a clamping device (40) the instrument element (b ^f ) by simple manual operation of the clamping device (40) clamps or releases. Handy dental instrument according to item 1 _9, characterized in that the shaft (b) of the Instrumentenelenientes (b ¹ ) directly on the rotor shaft (3 ^! ) With the aid of the clamping device (40) is attached. 5c A handy dental instrument according to item 1, characterized in that an angle piece (C) is connected to the housing (10) and in the angle piece (C) is a transmission shaft with the rotor shaft (3 *) and connected to the instrument element (b ^l ) « 6 ·.-Handy dental instrument according to item 1, characterized in that the rotor (3) has radial hats (20), which serve to receive radially movable blocking wings (21), and in that channels (24, 24 ^f ) are present, which are connected at the bottom with the radial grooves (20) and thus have connection for supplying the compressed air. ~ '' ⁼ ""'""" Berlin, the 20th 4 * 1979 GZ 54 965 24 - ν - 212 3 64 A handy dental instrument according to item 1, characterized in that the valve tube (5) which is installed in the rear section (5 ^T ) of the housing (10) can be actuated such that the supply channels (6) in the housing (10) coincide with the discharge channels (29) in the valve tube (5) and the discharge channel (7) in the housing (10) with the supply channel (28) in the valve tube (5) matches, so that the valve tube (5) rotated in the opposite direction v / earth - 3 sheets of drawings -