DD139722A1 - METHOD FOR OBTAINING LIQUID POWER AND FUEL FROM COAL - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for the production of liquid fuels and fuels from coal using the high pressure hydrogenation of the coal and the production of lower boiling

Description

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208 719

Berlin, d.7.3-1979 WP C10G / 208 719

Process for the production of liquid fuels

Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to a process for the production of liquid fuels and fuels from coal using the high-pressure hydrogenation of the coal and the recovery of lower-boiling hydrocarbon mixtures from the high-boiling hydrogenation residues.

Characteristic of the known technical solutions

In view of the expected scarcity of crude oil, which up to now has been used predominantly as the basis for the production of liquid fuels, efforts are increasingly being made in recent times to use coal as raw material for the production of said products instead of crude oil. It is known e.g. the hydrogenation of coal slurried in a heavy oil according to the Bergius process, in which hydrogen is added to the carbonaceous substance under high pressure to produce liquid hydrocarbon mixtures. Another known method is the implementation of the obtained by gasification of coal carbon monoxide and hydrogen-containing synthesis gas by the Pischer-Tropsch process, wherein in addition to hydrocarbon mixtures in general, larger amounts of oxygen-containing compounds are obtained. Both procedures are not viable because of the current market situation. Therefore, considerations were madej such as the economy

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the procedure can be increased. Thus, it has been proposed in recent times, _β to combine the coal hydrogenation and die.Fischer-KPropsch synthesis It should coal are reacted at elevated pressure with hydrogen. The oily residues of this hydrogenation should be supplied to the greatest extent possible removal of the oil components in a vacuum distillation of a gasification with partial oxidation for the production of gas, partly to hydrogen for 'the hydrogenation _s partly on the synthesis gas required for the Fiseher-Tropsch synthesis If the proposed method can also increase the economic viability of cogeneration, there are significant technical problems which reduce the value of the process, especially in the distillative sector Processing of the residues from the coal hydrogenation and in the conversion of the distillation residue into the desired gases *

Object of the invention

The object of the invention is to provide a simple, improved and economical process for the production of liquid fuels from coal,

Explanation of the essence of the invention.

The object of the invention is to find suitable process conditions for the workup of the ash- and oil-containing residue from the hydrogenation.

It has now been found that it is easy to circumvent the difficulties mentioned and to make the process even more cost-effective if the process for obtaining liquid fuels and fuels from coal by hydrogenating

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tion of coal under elevated pressure, working up of the hydrogenation residue with the aid of gasification in the presence of oxygen to obtain hydrogen and a synthesis gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide and obtaining hydrocarbon mixtures and oxygenated compounds from the synthesis gas by means of the Fischer gas. Tropsch process carried out such that the ash after removal of gaseous and liquid Kohlen- - hydrogen remaining ash and .ölhaltigen residue of the hydrogenation at temperatures of about 300 - 700 ⁰ C, the resulting Schwelrückstand in the presence of oxygen and water vapor and / or carbon dioxide gasified as a gasification agent under elevated pressure, the resulting gas mixture partially to hydrogen, partially working on a hydrogen and carbon monoxide containing synthesis gas, the hydrogen in the hydrogenation and the synthesis gas in the Fischer-Tropsch process t and the resulting in the process stages gaseous and liquid hydrocarbon e. worked up in a known manner to fuels and fuels.

Both lignite and hard coal can be used in the process. The hydrogenation is under erhöhtem.Druck, z, B, at 200 - 1000 bar, and elevated temperature, eg 300 600 ⁰ C, in a conventional manner, advantageously in the presence of a catalyst, for example iron performed. The carbonaceous material is suitably slurried after appropriate preparation by drying and grinding in a heavy oil obtained in the hydrogenation and placed in this form in the hydrogenation reactors. The largely freed from liquid hydrocarbons ash and oily

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Hydrogenation residue is passed to a suspension to obtain as much oil as possible from the hydrogenation residue. Particularly suitable for this example, a short-term Verschwelung with circulating heat transfer, which is optionally operated under increased pressure. If desired, you can also use coal in the smoldering. The Schwelrückstand is at about 750 - 14-00 ⁰ C subjected to gasification in the presence of oxygen and water vapor and / or carbon dioxide as a gasifying agent, for example, the known pressure gasification processes under partial oxidation of the feed can be used. Depending on the desired ratio of hydrogen to synthesis gas, the gas mixture obtained in the gasification plant is worked up, in a known manner, for example, a conversion, for example on an iron oxide catalyst, carbon monoxide with water vapor to hydrogen and carbon dioxide at 400 - 550 ⁰ C and appropriate gas washes are used. The hydrogen thus obtained is fed to the coal hydrogenation, hydrocarbons and oxygen-containing compounds are synthesized from the synthesis gas after appropriate adjustment of the ratio of carbon monoxide to hydrogen in a known manner with the aid of the Fischer-Tropsch process. In this case, predominantly liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of the gasoline boiling range are obtained. It succeeds in increasing the accumulation of the desired products compared with the known method and improving the profitability.

Of course, it is possible to obtain from coal by a conventional gasification and gas processing further amounts of hydrogen or synthesis gas. "Also in this Pail is in the presence of oxygen, d.fcu with partial oxidation of the carbon for the recovery of gasification

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required heat, working · The coal may optionally be gasified together with the coke from the Schwel plant. The coal provided for the gasification can also be first in a known manner at temperatures of about 300 - 700 ⁰ C world and the Schwelrückstand be brought to the gasification. It may be advantageous to use the high-boiling Schwelteer shares in the hydrogenation.

The processing of the recovered gaseous and liquid products, from the metal to the heavy oil or tar, to the desired products can be carried out in a customary manner, as it is available in the refinery technology.

Ausführun ^ SExample

The invention will be explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment. In the accompanying drawings, a possibility for carrying out the method according to the invention is described by way of example, wherein for the sake of simplicity, the reproduction of ancillary devices has been dispensed with.

In the hydrogenation I lignite is reacted at 350 bar and about 450 ⁰ C with addition of hydrogen, After separation of the formed gaseous and liquid hydrocarbons, the remaining ash and oily residue is fed together with coal a carbonization plant II, in the other gaseous and liquid hydrocarbons are produced »The fuel residue arrives in the gasification plant III. Here it is gassed with the addition of oxygen and water vapor as a gasification agent at about I300 - 1400 ⁰ C. The gas mixture obtained is in the gas workup IV in the usual way with the involvement of gas scrubbers or,

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as far as required, j a catalytic conversion of carbon monoxide with water vapor to hydrogen and carbon dioxide partly to hydrogen, partially processed into a gas mixture of mainly carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The resulting carbon dioxide is removed from the process. "The hydrogen passes into the hydrogenation plant I. The gas mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen is introduced into the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis plant V, in which hydrocarbons or oxygen-containing compounds are obtained in a known manner , Coal is also used in the Schwel plant II. "The high-boiling tar obtained in this plant is introduced into the hydrogenation plant I.

Claims (3)

- 7 - Berlin, d.7.3.1979 WP C10G / 208 719 208 719 Claim for invention iv A process for recovering liquid fuels from heat by hydrogenating coal under elevated pressure, working up the hydrogenation residue using gasification in the presence of oxygen to obtain hydrogen and a synthesis gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide, and recovering Hydrocarbon mixtures and oxygen-containing compounds from the synthesis gas with the aid of the Fischer-Tropsch process, characterized in that one after removal of gaseous and liquid hydrocarbons residual ash and oil-containing residue of the hydrogenation at temperatures of about 300 700 ⁰ C carbonized, the case resulting smolder residues gasified in the presence of oxygen and water vapor and / or carbon dioxide as a gasification agent under elevated pressure, the gas mixture thus obtained partially to hydrogen, partially working up to a synthesis gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide, the Hydrogen in the hydrogenation and the synthesis gas in the Fischer-Tropsch process uses and prepares the resulting in the process stages gaseous and liquid hydrocarbons in known manner to fuels and fuels, 2. The method according to item 1, characterized in that one uses the tar obtained in the smoldering wholly or partly in the high-pressure hydrogenation. 3 »process according to item 1 and 2, characterized in that the rückge the hydrogenation carbonized together with coal. For this \ page drawing ..