CZ37352U1 - An insecticidal agent - Google Patents

Description

Insecticidal agent

Field of technology

This technical solution refers to an insecticidal agent for surfaces and surfaces for the control of parasites, in many environments and fields, see below. It is a composition with an increased effect in the form of a liquid concentrate. This means that it is an insect repellant and repellant insecticide.

Current state of the art

In livestock farming, pests include various parasites and insects, causing economic losses to breeders and also lower yields for animals (cow's milk, etc.). These pests are eliminated by available chemical pesticides. Common chemicals for these purposes include pyrethroids such as cypermethrin, permethrin, allethrin, phenothrin, resmethrin, tetramethrin, etc.

Pyrethroids act as a neurotoxin that affects neuronal membranes by prolonging sodium channel activation and producing a strong contact irritant response.

Irritation results from direct tarsal contact with the insecticide, which may cause the pest to leave treated surfaces before receiving a lethal dose or death.

Cypermethrin (formula - C22H19Cl2NO3 ) is a synthetic pyrethroid used primarily as an insecticide, which acts as a fast-acting neurotoxin in insects. It is light-stable, easily decomposes in soil and plants, but is effective for several weeks when applied to internal inert surfaces. It is a so-called racemate consisting of: (S)-?-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl-(1R)-cis-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate and (R)-?-cyano- of 3-phenoxybenzyl-(1S)-cis-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate (= a pair of 2 cis-isomers of cypermethrin).

Difference Between Cypermethrin and Alpha-Cypermethrin - Cypermethrin typically contains 20 to 40% alpha-cypermethrin. Technical cypermethrin (PT 18) is a mixture of eight different isomers (the ratio of the mixture of cis and trans isomers varies), each of which may have its own chemical and biological properties. Cypermethrin is available as an emulsifiable concentrate or wettable powder.

Tetramethrin is a broad-spectrum synthetic pyrethroid insecticide of the first generation. It is an insecticidal agent against flying and crawling insects that acts on axons in the peripheral and central nervous system by interacting with sodium channels in the pest. It is a modulator of the sodium channel of the nerve cell membrane, which interferes with the entry of sodium ions into the channel, which leads to hyperactivity of the nervous system, which can lead to eventual paralysis. to the death of the pest.

The insects that these chemicals are supposed to control usually become resistant to these chemicals over time, and therefore it is necessary to use increasing concentrations, or the development of new combinations of several chemicals, including combining the repellent effect according to the insecticide formulation presented below with the repellent effect, which serves for more effective control and elimination of insects and parasites.

The combination of some active ingredients (see our example) leads to a so-called synergistic effect. A synergistic effect is an effect arising between two or more agents or substances that produce an effect greater than the sum of their individual effects.

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Article 1

ECHA Opinion of the Biocidal Products Committee: (source: https://echa.europa.eu/)

BPC opinion on the application for the approval of the active substance alpha-cypermethrin in a product type - PT 18 In view of the conclusions of the evaluation, it is proposed that alpha-cypermethrin be approved and included in the EU list of approved active substances, subject to the following specific conditions:

1. Specifications: minimum evaluated purity of the active substance: > 930 g/kg (93.0% w/w) (sum of isomers in a 1:1 ratio);

2. The assessment of the preparation shall pay particular attention to the risk exposures and efficacy associated with any uses for which the authorization is applied for but not addressed in the Union level risk assessment of the active substance.

3. For professional users, safe and appropriate operating procedures are established by organizational measures. Where exposure cannot be reduced to an acceptable level by other means, the products are used with appropriate personal protective equipment.

4. In order to avoid risks to the aquatic environment, the products must not be used for the treatment of surfaces that are susceptible to frequent wet cleaning, except for cracks and crevices, unless data is presented to demonstrate that the product will meet the requirements of Article 19 and Annex VI of the Regulation ( EU) No. 528/2012, if necessary by applying appropriate risk mitigation measures.

2. 4. Alpha cypermethrin cannot be included in Annex I of Regulation (EU) No. 528/2012 because it meets the following criteria of Article 28, paragraph 2:

i) acutely toxic category 3 (H301);

ii) substance toxic to specific target organs by single (STOT SE 3) and repeated exposure (STOT RE 2);

iii) toxic to aquatic organisms of acute category 1.

Elements to consider when authorizing products.

1. A representative formulation contains alpha-cypermethrin and flufenoxuron. However, the risk assessment was only performed on alpha-cypermethrin and not on the other active substance.

2. For products containing alpha-cypermethrin, the following statement should be added to the label: "The product contains: Alpha-cypermethrin. It can cause paresthesias.'

3. The use of biocidal products containing alpha-cypermethrin and used in sensitive areas (hospitals, kitchens, restaurants, food and storage areas) can lead to residues in food. Therefore, labeling restrictions for such products used in sensitive areas are required (e.g. "do not contaminate food, eating utensils or food contact surfaces"; . Keep separate from food, drink and animal feed"). Additionally, a Dietary Risk Assessment (DRA) will be required for such products.

product authorization phase.

4. While the efficacy data provided are sufficient to recommend approval of the substance, data demonstrating the minimum efficacy of the application dose formulation against a range of proposed target organisms using the recommended application device must be available for the authorization phase product.

5. Alpha-cypermethrin is a 1:1 mixture (racemate) of a pair of enantiomers. no information is available on the effectiveness of the different enantiomers and therefore it is not known whether it meets Article 10 paragraph 1 letter f) about the replacement of the criterion, namely "contains a significant proportion of inactive isomers".

Currently, however, there are no clear rules, methodology or guidelines for assessing this criterion, and it is not possible to deal with this problem further. However, the efficacy of alpha-cypermethrin isomers will need to be considered when such guidelines become available.

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6. For the purpose of evaluating alpha-cypermethrin, the sediment PNEC was converted from dry weight to wet weight, taking into account a default conversion factor of 4.6 instead of the measured factor. However, it was agreed at the Environment Working Group (WG) in January 2014, 5 that the conditions for using measured conversion factors instead of the default - Conversion Factor will be discussed further. Therefore, when authorizing the product, this conversion factor should be revised based on the outcome of these discussion steps.

7. When authorizing preparations containing alpha-cypermethrin, it must be proven that the concentration of the active substance in the preparation, the application dose, the frequency of use and its amount allow safe use with regard to the water environment of the department (including sediment).

8. Alpha-cypermethrin, as a component of the isomeric mixture of cypermethrin, is listed as a priority substance according to Directive 2013/39/EU. When monitoring data available for cypermethrin, 15 during the product authorization phase should be taken into account.

The essence of the technical solution

The present insecticide relates to a preparation for controlling a wide range of insects. This means for target organisms: eg against - cockroaches, beetles, mosquitoes, ants, flies, bedbugs, wasps, fleas, ants, fish and other disease-carrying insects (ie both winged and wingless insects). The product is applied to surfaces and areas out of the reach of farm animals.

It is a strong concentrated emulsifiable insecticide, which in its formulation combines a broad-spectrum pyrethroid with another pyrethroid with a fast knock-down effect and a synergistic substance, thereby obtaining a large dislocation effect, a high shock effect and a very long persistence. The product is diluted to 1.28%, i.e. 65 ml is diluted in 5 1 of water. It is necessary to shake to homogenize the mixture. The product is intended for professional use only.

In our case, a/a-cy permethrin is used, which is a highly active pyrethroid insecticide (a/a-cy permethrin is more toxic than cypermethrin), which is very effective both in the field of animal production and in the field of public health and animal husbandry and it also targets a wide range of pests in agriculture and many other areas. Cypermethrin has been widely used worldwide since the late 1970s, while aýa-cypermethrin has been commercially available for approx. since the mid-1980s.

alpha-Cypermethrin

Tetramethrin - is another broad-spectrum synthetic pyrethroid insecticide of the first generation, contained in an insecticide preparation. It is a fast repellent against flying and crawling insects that acts on axons in the peripheral and central nervous system by interacting with sodium channels in pests. It is a modulator of the sodium channel of the membrane of nerve cells, which interferes with the entry of sodium ions into the channel, which leads to hyperactivity of the nervous system, which can lead to paralysis or death of the pest.

Piperonyl butoxide - is a so-called pesticide synergist, which is also used in the overall composition. It has no pesticide effects on its own. However, if it is added to insecticide mixtures, e.g. pyrethrin or pyrethroid mixtures, their effectiveness increases significantly. Piperonyl butoxide is an effective inhibitor

-3CZ 37352 U1 of cytochrome P450. This group of enzymes acts as a basic detoxification pathway for many pesticides. By inhibiting this pathway, it is possible to achieve higher unmetabolized systemic concentrations of the active insecticide in the target organism for a longer period of time.

This formulation is an insecticide with a strong repellent effect against insects and at the same time a gentle air freshener (essential oil that also repels insects relatively well). This formulation includes the composition below.

In its formulation, this insecticide with a repellent effect combines a broad-spectrum pyrethroid - alpha-cypermethrin, with another pyrethroid with a fast effect - tetramethrin (it is a broad-spectrum synthetic pyrethroid insecticide) and a synergistic pesticide substance - piperonyl butoxide, which fundamentally increases the insecticidal activity of the product. Next, essential oil with antibacterial and repellent effect - Cymbopogon citratus (or - lemon grass, which also has a pleasant smell).

The combination of these active ingredients leads to a so-called synergistic effect (a synergistic effect is an effect arising between two or more agents or substances that produces an effect greater than the sum of their individual effects).

Toxicity to warm-blooded organisms is low. Individual insecticidal components are collectively applied in common ways (e.g. fogging) and at the same time have repellent properties.

Cymbopogon citratus essential oil (or - lemon grass) is also part of the preparation. It naturally repels insects such as mosquitoes, midges, flies, ticks, etc. The oil works by preventing mosquitoes (or other biting/stinging insects) from sensing the kairomones of an individual treated with a product containing this essential oil. Kairomones interact with insects such as mosquitoes in a similar way that humans are attracted to their pheromones counterpart. However, some insects can perceive kairomones from a considerable distance, for example a female mosquito can detect kairomones up to a kilometer away.

Cymbopogon citratus essential oil also has strong antibacterial and antifungal properties. The main component of lemongrass is lemonal or citral, which also has anti-fungal (anti-fungal) and antimicrobial properties and at the same time provides a distinct lemon scent. When tested in a study on the US National Library of Medicine website, Cymbopogon citratus essential oil was found to incapacitate 15 of 22 strains of bacteria tested and was successful in killing all 12 strains (tested on molds/fungi).

As mentioned above, this formulation contains an insecticide, a repellent and a growth regulator. A synergistic effect occurs with a combination of insecticides - cypermethrin, tetramethrin, then pperonyl butoxide (synergist) and Cymbopogon citratus (lemon grass - repellent and refreshing effect).

In the presence of multiple active ingredients (see above), insects need a relatively longer time to adapt to the combination than to a single or two elements, thereby mitigating pesticide resistance. This insecticidal formulation kills adult insects, larvae and deactivates the eggs, disrupting their life cycle. The product is also effective against eggs, larvae and adult insects. The preparation is applied by spraying event. by fogging after diluting the concentrate with water.

It is an insecticide with a long-term effect, which is used everywhere where protection against insects is necessary (without the presence of animals), e.g. in areas for farm animals and in enclosures with large areas or significant volumes of animals (stables, barns, paddocks, etc. .) but also in other fields.

Scope of further use for the treatment of walls, ceilings, floors and other parts of the premises:

E.g. in animal production, in emptied warehouses of fruits, vegetables and potatoes, industrial buildings, basements of apartment buildings, on ships - cargo spaces, in railway trucks, trucks and airplanes for the transportation of various materials (always without the presence of people for a long time).

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Examples of implementing a technical solution

The optimal time of application after application is from 30 minutes for this mixture according to individual standards and based on the results of efficiency tests. The product is intended for professional use only. It is a so-called concentrate, which is subsequently diluted with water in a given ratio and is then ready for manual application to surfaces and areas (spray) for the purpose of removing insects, or also as a form of spatial disinfection - by fogging with foggers (mist generators) and by spraying, so-called fog, or automated disinfection (e.g. in animal production - without the presence of animals).

Tested samples are considered 100% and were diluted with sterile distilled water to the desired concentrations before use.

Example 1

Preparation followed by composition of an insecticidal preparation for insect control (concentrate):

All the listed substances are in liquid form and are soluble in cold water. The raw materials listed below were mixed at temperatures ranging from 19 to 23°C.

The individual substances listed in the table were dissolved at room temperature in demineralized water to form an insecticidal solution.

The insecticidal composition (concentrate) is prepared by dissolving the complexing substances: alpha-cypermethrin 40/60 - 4.8 mg, tetramethrin - 0.13 mg, piperonyl butoxide (synergist) - 4.7 mg, in demineralized water, see the table of examples below.

Subsequently, Cymbopogon citratus (Lemon grass) essential oil - 0.4 mg was added to the solution, again in liquid form by dissolving it in demineralized water, see the table of examples. The result of this process is a clear homogeneous solution that has a faint hint of perfume.

Example 2

Preparation followed by composition of an insecticidal preparation for insect control (concentrate):

All the listed substances are in liquid form and are soluble in cold water. The raw materials listed below were mixed at temperatures ranging from 19 to 23°C.

The individual substances listed in the table were dissolved at room temperature in demineralized water to form an insecticidal solution.

The insecticidal composition (concentrate) is prepared by dissolving the complexing substances: alpha-cypermethrin 40/60 - 6.3 mg, tetramethrin - 0.19 mg, piperonyl butoxide (synergist) - 6.1 mg, in demineralized water, see the table of examples below.

Subsequently, Cymbopogon citratus (Lemon grass) essential oil - 0.5 mg was added to the solution, again in liquid form by dissolving it in demineralized water, see the table of examples. The result of this process is a clear homogeneous solution that has a faint hint of perfume.

Example 3

Preparation followed by composition of an insecticidal preparation for insect control (concentrate):

All the listed substances are in liquid form and are soluble in cold water. The raw materials listed below were mixed at temperatures ranging from 19 to 23°C.

The individual substances listed in the table were dissolved at room temperature in demineralized water,

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The insecticidal composition (concentrate) is prepared by dissolving complexing substances: alpha-cypermethrin 40/60 - 7.1 mg, tetramethrin - 0.25 mg, piperonyl butoxide (synergist) - 7.1 mg, in demineralized water, see the table of examples below.

Subsequently, Cymbopogon citratus (Lemon grass) essential oil - 0.8 mg was added to the solution, again in liquid form by dissolving it in demineralized water, see the table of examples. The result of this process is a clear homogeneous solution that has a faint hint of perfume.

Based on the table of examples below, the optimal composition was selected from the third column (text example no. 3).

Substance/raw material (g/1000 g concentrate) Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Alpha-cypermethrin 40/60 (pyrethroid) 4.8 6.3 7.1 Piperonyl butoxide (pesticide synergist) 4.7 6.1 7.1 Tetramethrin (pyrethroid) 0.13 0.19 0.25 Lemon grass (essential oil) 0.4 0.5 0.8 Demineralized water (solvent) up to 1000 g up to 1000 g up to 1000 g

Dose: Dilute the product (concentrate) to 1.28% (64 ml in 5 l of water).

The optimum time of action after careful application is 30 minutes or more for this mixture at the latest. The product is intended for professional use.

It is a so-called concentrate, which is subsequently diluted with water in the given above-mentioned ratio and then prepared for application to surfaces and surfaces for the purpose of removing winged and wingless insects from surfaces and surfaces, in the form of manual use - spray and fog generator i.e. by fogging with foggers (mist spraying). Alternatively, the substance is also suitable for spraying with automatic systems.

Industrial applicability

As already mentioned, this preparation belongs to insecticides (concentrates) to be diluted with water in a given ratio, intended for areas and surfaces, including fogging and also for automatic disinfection of rooms and spaces.

This product is used wherever protection against insects is required (use of insecticide in a given area without the presence of animals).

In areas for farm animals and in enclosures with large areas or significant volumes of animals (stables, barns, enclosures...) but also in other areas.

The scope of use for the treatment of walls, ceilings, floors and other parts of premises, in areas - animal production, in emptied warehouses of fruits, vegetables and potatoes, industrial buildings, in the basements of apartment buildings, on ships - cargo spaces, railway trucks, trucks - cargo spaces and airplanes for the transport of various materials (always without the presence of people for a long time).

The solution modified after dilution serves for a quick effect on surfaces including objects, surfaces

- 6 CZ 37352 U1 and hard-to-reach places by fogging (fogging). This application achieves a high efficiency of eliminating insects, both winged and wingless, with a low consumption of insecticide solution (concentrate), which is diluted with water - i.e. by diluting the product to 1.28% (64 ml in 5 l of water). The preparation is intended for professional use only, with an effective period of approx. 6 to 7 months, which brings, among other things, financial savings.

As already mentioned, it is an insecticidal agent for the comprehensive elimination of winged and wingless insects in given spaces by applying it to areas and surfaces, including fogging. In the case of fogging, the insecticide is sprayed in a cold application and blown into the air as an aerosol. 10 This process penetrates all accessible surfaces and thus achieves a comprehensive effect on insects.

With the fogging method, a fog is created which, under pressure, penetrates into hard-to-reach places. In this way, the sprayed disinfectant solution settles on the treated surfaces and thus removes unwanted insects in the given area.

Claims (2)

1. An insecticidal agent, characterized in that it contains: alpha cypermethrin in an amount from 1.5% by weight. up to 16% by weight, piperonyl butoxide in amounts from 1% by weight up to 15% by weight, tetramethrin 5 in amounts from 0.10% by weight up to 0.83% by weight, lemon grass Cymbopogon citratus in amounts from 0.2% by weight up to 0.98 wt.% and demineralized water in amounts from 5 wt.% up to 96 wt.% 2. Insecticidal agent according to claim 1, characterized in that it is in the form of a solution.