CZ305961B6 - Hollow panel unit for airtight ventilation systems of building cladding - Google Patents

Abstract

In the present invention, there is disclosed a hollow panel unit (1) for airtight ventilation systems of building cladding comprising a front wall and sidewalls and is of the passing through- type. In the longitudinal axial direction, there are performed closed longitudinal slits (4), which define internal longitudinal closed cavities (2), whereby the slits (4) are arranged in two assemblies (3a, 3b) with a central transverse cavity (16) connected with longitudinal peripheral cavities (7), therebetween. A transient packing (9), being open from both sides and hollow, and being insertable in at least one of the hollow panel unit (1) longitudinal open edges, forms a part of said hollow panel unit (1). The transient packing (9) is provided with transverse stiffeners (15), which define through channels (14). A peripheral stop (12¨is performed between the packing (9) upper section (10) and lower section (11) all over the outer circumference thereof, wherein the peripheral outer surfaces of both the upper section (10) and the lower section (11) of the packing (9) are performed as beveled peripheral surfaces (13) to achieve perfect closing of the connection with the hollow panel unit (1).

Description

Hollow panel for airtight ventilation systems for building cladding

Field of technology

The invention relates to a passive ventilation system for the cladding of buildings to reduce their energy consumption. The basic function of such a system is to remove excess thermal energy from the structure in the summer and, conversely, to bring thermal energy into the structure in the winter. In particular, the invention relates to a hollow panel for said system.

Prior art

Due to the current trend of reducing the energy performance of buildings, various constructions and principles are used to limit the heat flows through the building envelope or their effective redirection.

The main goals ensuring low energy consumption of the building while maintaining thermal comfort are to reduce heat leakage through the building envelope in the winter, to limit the overheating of the building in the summer and effective air exchange in the building rooms.

Thermal insulation layers or structures are used to limit the flow of energy through the building envelope. From the point of view of reducing heat losses in winter and undesired heat gains in summer, ventilated building cladding structures are preferably used. The efficiency of ventilated structures is limited due to the complexity of the quality of their design, especially the preservation of the cross-section of the ventilated gap in the entire area of the building envelope and the low heat capacity of the air. Another disadvantage in most cases is that air from the exterior in the lower part of the facade of the building envelope is supplied to the gap. In summer, it is overheated on the sunny side of the building, in winter, the air temperature at the supply opening is low and the structure is cooled by the flow of cold air in the gap.

The object of the invention is to provide a panel which would fill a purposefully ventilated gap and suitably increase the heat exchange area.

The essence of the invention

The above-mentioned drawbacks are largely eliminated by the cavity panel for airtight ventilation systems of building cladding according to the invention, the essence of which consists in making closed longitudinal through-slots in the longitudinal axial direction defining inner longitudinal closed cavities, the slots being arranged in two assemblies. and between them there is a central transverse cavity connected to the longitudinal circumferential cavities, the panel comprising at least one of its horizontal open edges a transitional seal which is open and hollow on both sides and is provided with transverse reinforcements defining through channels and between the upper part and the lower part. part of the seal, a circumferential stop is provided along the entire outer circumference, the circumferential outer surfaces of the upper part and the lower part of the seal being designed as bevelled circumferential surfaces for a perfect closure of the connection with the panel.

Explanation of drawings

The invention will be described in more detail with the aid of the drawings, in which FIG. 1 shows an overall vertical section of an object provided with an airtight ventilation system with hollow panels according to the invention with a ground heat exchanger. 3 is a front view of a panel according to the invention, FIG. 4 is a longitudinal section of a hollow panel in section

Fig. 5 is a cross-section of the cavity panel in the section plane BB of Fig. 3, Fig. 6 is an axonometric view of the panel, Fig. 7 is an axonometric view of the transition seal for the bearing. between the individual panels, which in each case form the basic unit of the assembly with the panel, Fig. 8 is a schematic longitudinal section of the transition seal of Fig. 7 and Fig. 9 shows the transition seal with the panels in the assembly in longitudinal section.

Examples of embodiments of the invention

Fig. 1 is an overall vertical section of the building 21 provided with a passive ventilation system of the building envelope ensuring a reduction in the energy intensity of the building. The components of the system include a ground exchanger 22, a vented gap 23 between the object wall and the casing 26, a suction opening 24 for the exchanger 22, which is protected by a grid against insects entering the system, as well as a vent 25 from the vented gap 23 between the object wall and the casing 26. when the wall of the building will be formed by a thermal insulation material 27 in one or more layers.

Fig. 2 shows a detail D of the plinth when applying the panels 1 to the object of Fig. 1, when these are installed in the ventilated gap 23 in the assembly and air flows from the ground exchanger 22 directly into the closed panel 1, which is provided with a number of slots 4 and in which the exchange of energy with the environment takes place via its heat exchange surface. This increases the heat transfer area by the falcon and also ensures the diffuse openness of the building structure. These panels 1 have both the lower and the upper edge open and are airtightly connected to each other via a seal, thus preventing the suction of exterior air into the system. The seal will be discussed later. Between the panels 1 and the casing 26, an air gap 17 is open from below, into which air is supplied directly from the exterior. Tightness is required in the connection 29 of the ground exchanger 22 to the lowest panel 1 of the assembly and also in the joints between the individual panels 1, precisely due to said sealing.

Fig. 3 schematically shows a front view of the panel 1 itself, which is used in the variant that the aerated gap 23 is filled with the panels 1 just described below in the assembly. The individual panel 1 consists of a front wall, a rear wall and those with side walls form a shell 6. Both the upper edge 5a and the lower edge 5b are open. The panel 1 is provided with two assemblies 3a and 3b of through longitudinal slots 4, which define the inner longitudinal cavities 2 of the panel 1. A central transverse cavity 16 is arranged between the assemblies 3a, 3b of the longitudinal slots 4. It is connected to the circumferential cavities 7. To anchor the panel 1 to The supporting wall structure is served by brackets 8 on the sides of the panel 1. On the horizontal edges 5a, 5b, which are open, a transition seal 9 will be fitted to interconnect the Ido panels of the assembly shown in Figures 1 and 2, which will be discussed later.

Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of the cavity panel of Fig. 3 in the cutting plane A-A, the brackets 8 and the edges 5a, 5b and the central cavity 16 are visible.

Fig. 5 is a cross-section of the cavity panel 1 of Fig. 3 in the cutting plane B-B, and an alternating arrangement of the through slits 4 and the longitudinal cavities 2 can be seen.

Fig. 6 is again a view of the panel 1 with the above-mentioned structural elements for the sake of clarity.

Fig. 7 again shows a view of said transition seal 9. The reinforcements 15 and the through-channels 14 are clearly visible. The inclined walls 13 and the circumferential stop 12 can also be seen, which will be discussed below.

Fig. 8 shows a schematic longitudinal section of a transition seal 9 made of a suitable plastic material for the vertical connection of the panels 1 at the locations of its horizontal edges 5a, 5b. The transverse reinforcements 15 forming the through-channels 14 are preferably along the entire height of the seal 9. This allows air to pass from one panel 1 to the other. In the middle, a circumferential stop 12 is provided along the outer circumference of the transition seal 9, which secures the mutual position of the mounted panels 1 after they have been mounted on the outside of the seal 9, prevents excessive insertion of the seal 9 into

-2EN 305961 B6 one of the connected panels 1 and their good and tight seating is ensured by a sloping circumferential surface 13 on the upper part 10 and on the lower part 11 of the seal 9. The dimensions of the seal 9 generally correspond to the dimensions of the panels L

The diffuse openness of the building envelope is always taken into account to ensure sufficient moisture removal from the structure. This will allow slits through which moisture passes from the structure into the ventilated gap.

By using hollow panels defining a ventilated cladding gap, it is possible to suitably reduce heat fluxes. The individual panels are structurally designed to be airtight, so that when the joints are consistently made, they are potentially usable in systems feeding an energetically treated gaseous or liquid medium into the cladding. The cavity panels are provided with anchoring elements for fitting into the composition of the cladding, as well as for fitting other layers according to the type of their purpose. Because the panels do not replace the function of a ventilated gap in terms of moisture removal from the building envelope structure, their position in the building envelope is defined in a classic ventilated gap with external air supply at the bottom of the shell and a drain hole at the top. Since the material of the panels is airtight, a solid barrier would create a vapor barrier on the exterior side of the building envelope layer. For this reason, the panels are designed with transverse openings, which ensure sufficient diffusion of water vapor from the cladding composition into the open vented gap. In addition, the transverse openings also represent a stiffening ensuring the cross-sectional dimension of the ventilated gap in the entire area, so that it cannot be narrowed if the design is unsuitable.

There are several possibilities of application of ventilated panels in the cladding of buildings, including their installation in ventilated facades, ventilated roofs, use in combination with a geothermal air or liquid exchanger, or another type of energy exchanger. With air exchangers, it is possible to suck in air from the exterior and discharge it in the upper part of the ventilated casing. Liquid systems must be closed to the heat transfer medium. In both cases, it is necessary to connect the hollow ventilated facade panels to the line supply of heat transfer medium in the lower part of the cladding. In liquid systems, the panels in the upper part are connected to a line collector with a pipe supplying the liquid back to a geothermal or other type of exchanger.

To ensure functionality and prevent damage to the panels in winter, liquid systems must be impregnated with antifreeze. Air systems can operate on the principle of natural convection without an external source supporting flow, liquid only with forced circulation.

Claims (1)

PATENT CLAIMS A cavity panel for airtight ventilation systems for building cladding consisting of a front wall and side walls and being continuous, characterized in that closed longitudinal through-slots (4) are formed in the longitudinal axial direction, which define internal longitudinal closed cavities (2), wherein the slits (4) are arranged in two assemblies (3a, 3b) and between them there is a central transverse cavity (16) connected to longitudinal circumferential cavities (7), the panel (1) being part of at least one of its horizontal open edges ( 5a, 5b) a detachable transition seal (9), which is open and hollow on both sides and is provided with transverse reinforcements (15) defining the through-channels (14), and between the upper part (10) and the lower part (11) of the seal (9) there is a circumferential stop (12) is formed along the entire outer circumference, the circumferential outer surfaces of the upper part (10) and the lower part (11) of the seal (9) being designed as sloping circumferential surfaces (13) for perfect closing of the connection with the panel (1).