CZ304435B6 - Pelvic splint - Google Patents

Abstract

In the present invention, there is disclosed a pelvic splint for internal fixation of pelvic fractures comprising a flat fixing section (1) of implantable sheet metal, which section is in its middle portion (2) extended to the form of an inverted omega letter ({OMEGA}) and thus form a relief (4). The splint is further relieved all over its length by relieving bridges (3) performed on both sides of the section (1) between separate openings (5). This makes it possible to mold and optionally shorten the splint more easily. The splint can be provided all over its length with mounts (8), which can be molded, optionally separated as need may be. In the flat section (1) and in mounts (8), there are performed several openings (5). The form of openings (5) can be with one side countersink, with conical thread for “locking” screws or combination thereof.

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to a pelvic plate for internal fixation of acetabular fractures, consisting of a base body of a specially shaped plate with screw holes.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Pelvic and acetabular injuries are almost always caused by a great deal of effort, such as in road accidents, falls from a height, etc. These fractures are often accompanied by a high number of complications that may be life-threatening. Often surrounding structures such as the bladder, abdominal organs, nerves and large vessels are injured. Injuries are often accompanied by severe bleeding. The frequency and severity of pelvic fractures are increasing, especially as the number of road accidents increases.

As with other fractures, there are two basic treatments for pelvic injuries. Treatment in a conservative manner, ie long-term bed rest, with a relatively high risk of complications arising from long-term mobilization. Conservative treatment also increases the risk of poorly or healed fractures. The second option is surgical treatment, which is currently preferred. The surgery consists in precise reduction and stabilization of fractures by implants, mostly splints and screws.

At present, universal pelvic plates, either straight or curved with 3.5 or 4.5 mm screws, are used for acetabular fracture operations. Other types of splints are rarely used, such as spring plate or hook plate. The problem with the use of these pelvic splints is that it is not usually possible to press and fix all fragments of the quadrilateral surface (inner bone boundary of the hip joint) with a simple relatively narrow plate. Then, it is preferred to stabilize the upper supporting portion of this area even at the cost of not exactly accurate reduction and stabilization of the lower fragments. The use of two or more splints in this area requires longer operating time and does not substantially improve the stability of the osteosynthesis.

WO9937231 discloses a splint for the assembly and fixation of a pelvic fracture, which can be fixed on both sides of the fracture. The plate consists of at least two parts arranged one after the other in the longitudinal direction. The connection of the two parts is located near the fracture and is made by means of a dovetail type joint. Both parts to be joined have limited movement.

From utility model CN201899554U there is known a solution for the treatment of pelvic fracture comprising a cross-hip mechanism consisting of two cross-hip splints and a connecting rod. Cross-face plates have holes for connecting screws (to the bone).

EP2340777 discloses a splint with two longitudinal portions spaced apart and interconnected by bridge elements. The portions have a certain length and are spaced apart in the longitudinal direction. For connection to the bone, the parts are provided with rows of bolt holes.

The disadvantages of the prior art reside in the fact that not all fracture fragments can be pressed or fixed by simple relatively narrow splints. Also, the accuracy of fixation is sometimes difficult to achieve. Using two or more splints requires longer operating time. The known solutions are intended for either the right or left side of the pelvic region.

-1 CZ 304435 B6

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

These deficiencies are largely eliminated by the pelvic splint for internal fixation of the pelvic fractures, consisting of a flat fastening profile with holes for the bone fastening screws according to the invention, the principle being that the profile is widened in the middle part to the shape of an inverted omega For example, a relief bridge is formed on both sides of the profile between the individual openings.

To increase the area of fixation of the injured pelvis, the profile is provided with grips with holes. The handles can be easily shaped or separated in light places in thinning between the holes on both sides of the handles. In the middle of the plate, the clamps can fix the fragments above the line that starts on the upper arm of the pubic bone and points back to the sacrum (linea arcuata) by simply pressing in the middle of the plate without pressing. In the front, they allow the screw plate to be fixed more comfortably to the upper arm of the pubic bone, and in the rear, they allow the long screw to be inserted into the pelvic pillar (after attaching a short cut above the hip bone) to stabilize the transverse fractures.

The holes in the profile and in the brackets are made either with countersinks for countersunk screw heads or with tapered threads, which allow the locking screws to be "locked", which are then both angularly stable and protected against loosening or axial displacement. A combination of these holes may also be on one implant.

The pelvic plate is universal for both left and right acetabulum.

The pelvic plate according to the invention fulfills the basic condition of the correct function of the plate, which is a reliable pressing of the entire extended section of the plate to the quadrilateral surface and only then fixing the plate with individual screws. Another advantage is the possibility of relatively easy shaping of the plate and shortening of both ends of the plate according to anatomical conditions. Unnecessary attachments can be easily removed. The placement of the holes allows to capture all possible bone fragments, especially in the area of acetabulum.

Overview of the drawings

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings, in which: Figure 1 shows schematically a basic embodiment of the pelvic plate; Figure 2 shows an embodiment with grips; 4 are details of a threaded hole and a recessed hole.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Example 1

The basic embodiment of the pelvic plate shown in Fig. 1 forms a flat fastening profile 1 of implantable thinner sheet. In the central part 2, the profile is widened to the shape of the inverted omega (tvoří), forming a relief 4 in the middle. For easier shaping, the plate is relieved by relief bridges 3 formed between openings 5 on both sides of the profile i. 5 with a one-sided recess 6, for countersinking the screw head into the plate. Bone screws, such as cortical or spongy, are used to fix the plate. Further relief of the plate is provided by a recess 7 formed at the end of the enlarged central portion 2, thereby making the plate more resistant to fatigue fractures.

-2GB 304435 B6

Example 2

The embodiment of the pelvic plate shown in Fig. 2 is the same as in Example 1, except that it is supplemented with grips 8 which further increase the possibility of attaching further bone fragments. The grips 8 are designed with a thinner 9 for easier shaping and possible separation. Shaped handles allow the fragments to be fixed without the need for screws. It is possible to insert cortical or spongy screws of diameter from 3.0 to 6.5 mm into the handles.

Example 3

The pelvic plate shown in FIG. 3 is in the same embodiment as in Example 1 with the combined locking plate 10 for " screw locking " and the recessed holes 6 for conventional screws.

Use of the pelvic plate according to the invention:

The patient is placed on a surgical X-ray transparent table that allows the pelvic reposition to be controlled during surgery in several projections. After the reduction, the template is shaped according to anatomical conditions. Depending on the template, the pelvic plate is shaped with the aid of bending bars or a bending device and, together with thick pliers, the plate is shortened to the desired length. The plate is fixed using cortical or spongy screws in the usual way. The plate is introduced from Stoppov or. ilioinguinal approach.

Industrial applicability

The pelvic plate according to the invention is particularly useful in traumatic traumatology centers or in surgical and orthopedic wards for stabilization of transverse acetabular fractures, T-shaped acetabular fractures, anterior wall and anterior column fractures, fractures of the posterior wall and posterior pillar, and combined acetabular fractures. pelvic circle.

Claims (5)

PATENT CLAIMS Pelvic plate for internal fixation of acetabular fractures, consisting of a flat fastening profile (1) with holes (5) for bone fastening screws, characterized in that the profile (1) is widened in the middle part (2) to the shape of an inverted The omega (Ω) forming the relief (4) and between the individual openings (5) are provided with relief bridges (3) on both sides of the profile (1). Pelvic plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the profile (1) is provided with anchors (8) with openings (5) between which there are thinners (9) on both sides of the anchors (8). Pelvic plate according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the openings (5) are formed with recesses (6). Pelvic plate according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the holes (5) are designed with a conical thread (10). -3 CZ 304435 B6 Pelvic splint according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that it is universal for fixing both left and right acetabules.