CZ29609U1 - Composite building blocks for permanent shuttering and assembly of such building blocks - Google Patents

Abstract

Composite block for the lost shuttering is U-shaped, whereby at least portion (1) of the block which is L-shaped is made from autoclave porous concrete and avertical wall (2) which is made from rigid self-supporting isulating board is attachment to the sidewall of this portion (1), and a combination of the composite blocks for the lost shuttering.

Description

In the registration procedure, the Industrial Property Office does not determine whether the subject of the utility model meets the conditions for eligibility for protection pursuant to Section 1 of Act no. No. 478/1992 Coll.

CZ 29609 UI

Composite blocks for lost formwork and assembly of these blocks

Field of technology

The proposed technical solution concerns masonry elements made of autoclaved aerated concrete, specifically a composite block for lost formwork of reinforced concrete structures, which can be used especially for lintels of building openings. The block is characterized by improved thermal insulation.

Prior art

Lost formwork blocks come in many shapes and sizes. One group is blocks for lost formwork lintels of building openings, such as windows or doors, possibly for girders, wreaths, etc. These blocks are U-shaped. The blocks themselves are not load-bearing, the load-bearing element is created by inserting concrete reinforcement concrete. The finished lintel must then be insulated from the outside, usually with polystyrene, to prevent heat loss (interruption of thermal bridges).

Today, masonry elements are available on the market enabling the construction of a single-layer perimeter wall without the need for additional insulation. When using them, however, it is still necessary to insulate some parts of the structure, especially these reinforced concrete lintels. Insulation of the lintel thus becomes more work in the context of the entire building, in addition, it is necessary to consider the thickness of additional external thermal insulation of the lintel during design and construction, so that there are no unevenness with the surrounding facade.

The essence of the technical solution

The essence of the technical solution is the construction of a composite block for lost U-shaped formwork. Part of the block is made of autoclaved aerated concrete. Specifically, the L-shaped block of autoclaved aerated concrete is thus one vertical wall and the bottom of the block. It does not matter whether this L-shaped blank is produced as monolithic or whether it is a firmly connected horizontal and vertical plate. The connection can be made, for example, by gluing, pins, screws, etc.

A vertical wall made of a rigid self-supporting insulating board is attached to this part of the block from the side of its horizontal part. By adding this wall, the L-shape is formed into a U-shape. The self-supporting insulating board is, for example, gray graphite polystyrene, EPS or XPS polystyrene, mineral thermal insulation boards, etc.

A related technical solution is a set of described composite blocks for lost formwork. The assembly contains at least two composite blocks. The blocks are adjacent to each other by the outer surface of a vertical wall made of a rigid self-supporting insulation board and are embedded in their walls at their ends. At the point of mutual contact, the blocks can be connected or they can only be applied to each other dry. This will lead to thermal separation of the concretes concreted in the resulting riverbeds and interruption of any thermal bridge. This solution is very advantageous due to the fact that the filling of a given building opening (window, door) with its frame directly abuts the underside of the insulation boards. Thus, this detail of the building is reliably insulated. If necessary, the bottom surface of the finished lintel can be provided with additional external insulation in the form of a weak insulating tape. In a variant embodiment, an additional insulation board - internal thermal insulation - can be inserted between the rigid self-supporting insulation boards.

When used during the construction of a building, the blocks are folded together (U-shaped) and joined (glued) in the fronts in the fronts with a thin-layer masonry mortar into an elongated trough of the required length. It does not matter whether the blocks are used in only one row (trough) or in the described assembly. Each of the raised troughs is then filled with concrete reinforcement (or steel profiles) and poured with concrete.

The proposed composite block for lost formwork is a non-load-bearing masonry element according to the harmonized European standard EN 771-4. Thanks to the contained insulation, it is a component preferably intended for the peripheral structures of buildings, but they can also be used in their interior.

-1 CZ 29609 UI

Explanation of drawings

An exemplary embodiment of the proposed solution is described with reference to the drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a plan view of a block;

Fig. 2 - cross section of a block;

Fig. 3 - axonometric view of the block;

Fig. 4 - an assembly of blocks forming a lintel of a building opening (two troughs of blocks), with the filling of the building opening;

Fig. 5 - an assembly of blocks forming a lintel of a building opening (two troughs of blocks), with the filling of the building opening and additional external insulation;

Fig. 6 - a set of blocks forming a lintel of a building opening (two troughs of blocks), with the filling of the building opening and internal thermal insulation.

Example of implementing a technical solution

Composite U-shaped formwork blocks have been made. Part of each L-shaped block 1 is made of autoclaved aerated concrete. A vertical wall 2 made of a rigid self-supporting insulating board is glued to this part 1 from the side.

The parameters of the materials used and the blocks made from them are as follows:

- aerated concrete compressive strength of at least 2,0 N / mm ² ,

- density of aerated concrete of at least 300 kg / m ³ ,

- self-supporting insulation board: polystyrene EPS or XPS, mineral thermal insulation board, gray graphite polystyrene, etc.

The outer width of the block is at least 200 mm, the outer length at least 250 mm, the height at least 199 mm. The thickness of the material at the narrowest point of the block is at least 40 mm.

An exemplary representative of a block is a U profile 225 mm wide with an aerated concrete wall and a bottom th. 50 mm, with a compressive strength of 4.0 N / mm ² , a density of 500 kg / m ³ and a thermal insulation of th. 75 mm.

The described blocks were used to create the assembly. The assembly comprises two rows of composite U-shaped section blocks, which are glued to each other with the front surfaces with a thin layer of masonry mortar and form a trough. The two troughs are adjacent to each other by the outer surface of the vertical wall 2 of each block. Each of the created riverbeds was filled with concrete reinforcement and poured with concrete. This created a pair of supporting translations. It was possible to fit a filling in the form of a window with a frame 4 into the resulting construction opening. The frame 4 abuts the underside of the vertical wall 2 of insulating boards, whereby the thermal bridge is interrupted. For some applications, the described construction was supplemented by additional external insulation 5 under the bottom of the aerated concrete part 1 of the external block.

An exemplary embodiment can be seen in FIGS. 1 to 5.

According to Fig. 6, an internal thermal insulation 6 is inserted between the walls 2.

Claims (2)

A composite block for lost U-shaped formwork, wherein at least a part of the block is autoclaved aerated concrete, characterized in that part (1) of the L-shaped block is made of autoclaved aerated concrete. -2GB 29609 UI and a vertical wall (2) made of a rigid self-supporting insulation board is attached to this part (1) from the side. Assembly of composite blocks for lost formwork, according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises at least two composite blocks oriented towards each other by the outer surface of a vertical wall (2) of rigid self-supporting insulation board so that the walls (2) abut each other 5 or an internal thermal insulation (6) is inserted between them. 4 drawings List of reference marks: 1 - part of an L-shaped block 2 - vertical wall made of rigid self-supporting insulation board 10 3 - reinforced concrete 4 - frame 5 - additional external insulation 6 - internal thermal insulation.