CZ2012520A3 - Mobile device for dry anaerobic fermentation - bioreactor - Google Patents

Abstract

Dry anaerobic fermentation apparatus - The bioreactor comprises at least one fermentation chamber (2) provided on the inside with a metal inner casing that separates the heating elements (10) from the interior of the fermentation chamber (2), with nozzles ( 7) for spraying cell juice, which is part of a closed circuit further formed by a cell juice collection tank (9) located in the technological space (3) and connected by a pumping line (8) to a pump for pumping excess percolate, wherein in the interior of the fermentation chamber (2 ) there are located sensors (11) for monitoring the fermentation parameters controlled by the control unit (4).

Description

Mobile equipment for dry anaerobic fermentation - bioreactor

Technical field

The invention relates to a mobile apparatus for dry anaerobic fermentation - a bioreactor.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The patent document registered in the Slovak Republic under the trademark SK 278554 describes a still used mobile fermenter consisting of a thermal insulating jacket equipped with an air inlet and outlet device. The thermo-insulating sheath consists of the walls, ceiling and doors of the mobile biofermentor and consists of shaped plates, the surface of which is equipped with a system of ribs. Channels open into the interior of the mobile biofermentor are formed in the floor of the mobile biofermentor. The ducts accommodate a pipe connected to a common source of compressed air and equipped with exhaust ports.

Utility model registered in the Slovak Republic under the brand 5987 describes a container fermenter for biomass processing, which consists of a multi-layer insulating jacket, waterproof and airtight biomass loading and unloading doors and a control unit connected to the fermentation parameter sensors located inside the fermenter. On the inside there are heating elements and on the top inside the spray nozzle connected to the tank. The fermenter further comprises at least one cubicle consisting of a frame, a floor, side walls and a front wall. The floor, side walls and the front wall may be filled with mesh. The cubicle is equipped with a chassis on the underside of the frame and guide wheels at the corners.

A drawback of the above solution is that the biomass is not heated directly, and therefore accurate and rapid temperature control and regulation is not possible.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a mobile device for dry anaerobic fermentation that will provide all the advantages of container mobile fermenters as well as other advantages provided by a multi-chamber fermenter according to the present invention.

The essence of the technical solution

The above mentioned deficiencies are eliminated by a mobile block for dry anaerobic fermentation - bioreactor, in the form of a cuboid, containing at least one fermentation chamber for storing and processing biomass closed by gas-tight doors, and a separate technological space consisting of insulating sheath with biogas outlet construction and from the inside with heating elements. Its essence is that the fermentation chamber is provided on the inside with a metallic inner jacket which separates the heating elements from the internal space of the fermentation chamber, and at the top there are nozzles for spraying cell juice which are part of a closed circuit further formed by a cell juice collecting tank. in the process space and connected to the pumping line with a pump for pumping excess percolate, wherein in the inner space of the fermentation chamber are located sensors for monitoring the fermentation parameters controlled by the control unit.

The heating elements consist of a set of tubes with heat transfer medium and can serve both for heating and cooling the internal environment of the fermentation chamber. Suitably, the heating elements are located in the walls, floor and ceiling of the fermentation chamber.

A more suitable solution for the mobile anaerobic fermentation mobile device described above is, if it consists of two fermentation chambers separately closed by a gas door, one technological space located between the fermentation chambers and one control unit. The fermentation process takes place in separate fermentation chambers independently of one another and thus allows different types of materials to be processed simultaneously. A further advantage of this device is that it allows almost continuous biogas production at relatively low plant performance.

The inner metal casing of the fermentation chamber may be made of stainless steel or painted sheet metal.

The advantage of such a device is its modular design, which allows several such devices to be connected in parallel according to the required output, and also the mobility of the device, which allows to change the place of installation in an unpretentious way as required without major construction work.

AND

Another advantage is the full-area contact heat transfer between the heated inner wall of the chamber and the biomass, which allows very precise and rapid temperature control of the fermentation process.

The gas-tightly separated process room enables the physical control of parameters, maintenance and service work during the fermentation process without the need to interrupt it.

Clarification of drawings

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings, in which:

Figure 1: Single chamber mobile anaerobic fermentation apparatus.

Figure 2: dual-chamber apparatus for dry anaerobic fermentation.

Figure 3: side view - vertical cross-section of the bioreactor fermentation chamber.

Examples

Example 1:

A mobile block for dry anaerobic fermentation - a bioreactor in the form of a block containing one fermentation chamber 2 for storing and processing biomass 1 with a sealable gas-tight door 6 and a separate processing space 3. This device further comprises an insulating jacket 5 provided with a biogas outlet 12 and heaters 10, which are located in the walls, in the floor and in the ceiling of the fermentation chamber 2 and are separated from the inner space of the fermentation chamber 2 by a metal inner sheath 13. This metal inner sheath 13 is made of stainless steel. In the upper part of the fermentation chamber 2 there are arranged nozzles 7 for spraying cell juice, which are part of a closed circuit further formed by a cell juice collecting tank 9 located in the process space 3 and connected by a discharge line 8 with a pump (not shown) for pumping excess percolate. In the interior of the fermentation chamber 2 are located sensors 11 for monitoring the fermentation parameters controlled by the control unit 4

Example 2:

Figure 2 shows a mobile block for dry anaerobic fermentation - a bioreactor, in the form of a cuboid, comprising two fermentation chambers 2 for storing and processing biomass 1, which are separated by a processing space 3. Each fermentation chamber 2 is sealable by a gas-tight door 6. It consists of an insulating sheath 5, which is provided with openings 12 for the removal of biogas from the fermentation chambers 2, and heating elements 10, which are located on the walls, on the floor and on the ceiling of both fermentation chambers. inner side by a metal inner casing 13 of lacquered sheet which separates the heating elements 10 from the inner space of the fermentation chambers 2. In the upper part of the fermentation chambers 2 there are arranged the nozzles 7 for spraying cell juice which form a closed circuit further formed by the cell juice collecting tank 9 wall in process space 3 and connected to the pumping-out line 8 to a pump (not shown) for draining excess percolate. In the interior of both fermentation chambers 2 are located sensors 11 for monitoring the fermentation parameters controlled by the control unit 4.

Example 3:

A method for producing biogas in a bioreactor according to this solution, wherein the biomass 1 is fed to a fermentation chamber 2 which is closed by a gas-tight door 6. Cell juice from a collection vessel 9 is supplied to the fermentation chamber 2 via nozzles 7. operating temperature 36 to 42 ° C for a residence time of 20 to 90 days. The biomass decomposes in the absence of air and methanogenic bacteria, producing biogas, which is discharged through the orifice 12, and a liquid percolate, which is pumped through the drainage pipe 8 into the collecting tank 9.

Industrial applicability

Described mobile equipment for dry anaerobic fermentation - bioreactor is designed for the production of biogas from agricultural substrates such as grass, silage, manure, crop residues, grain, etc. The produced biogas is consumed in a cogeneration unit that produces electricity and heat.

-5t

List of reference marks

1. biomass

2. fermentation chamber

3. technological space

4. control unit

5. Insulating sheath

6. Gas-tight doors

7. Cell juice spray nozzles

8. pumping pipes

9. recovery tank

10. heating elements

11. Sensors

12. Biogas outlet

13. Metal sheath

Pv 1042-510

Claims (4)

Protection claims Mobile apparatus for dry anaerobic fermentation - cuboid bioreactor, comprising at least one fermentation chamber for storing and processing biomass closed by gas-tight doors and a separate technological space, consisting of an insulating sheath provided with a biogas outlet (12), externally provided with a carrier a structure and from the inside of the heating elements, characterized in that the fermentation chamber (2) is provided on the inside with a metallic inner jacket (13) which separates the heating elements (10) from the inner space of the fermentation chamber (2) and cell juice spray nozzles (7) forming part of a closed circuit further comprising a cell juice collecting tank (9) located in the process space (3) and connected by a discharge line (8) to a pump for purging excess percolate, In the fermentation chamber (2), sensors (11) for monitoring the fermentation parameters controlled by the control unit (4) are located. Mobile device according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating elements (10) formed by a set of tubes with heat transfer medium for heating and cooling the internal environment of the fermentation chamber (2) are located in the walls, floor and ceiling of the fermentation chamber. Mobile device according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it consists of two fermentation chambers (2) separately closed by a gas-tight door, one technological space (3) which is arranged between the fermentation chambers (2) and one control chamber. units. Mobile device according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal inner casing is made of stainless steel or painted metal. P / 2042- $ 20