SK6393Y1 - Mobile device for dry anaerobic fermentation - bioreactor - Google Patents

Abstract

A device includes at least one fermentation chamber (2), which has on the inside a metal inner casing that separates heaters (10) from the interior of fermentation chamber (2), and at the upper parts are arranged nozzle (7) for spraying cellular juice, that are part of a closed circuit further comprising a collection tank (9) of cellular juice placed in the technology space (3) and connected to a draw-off pipe (8) with a pump to pump the excess percolate, while in the interior of the fermentation chamber (2) sensors (11) are placed to management of fermentation, controlled by control unit (4).

Description

The technical solution concerns a mobile device for dry anaerobic fermentation - bioreactor.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

SK 278554 discloses a mobile fermenter consisting of a heat insulating jacket, which is equipped with an air inlet and outlet device. The thermal insulating jacket consists of the sides, ceiling and doors of the mobile biofermentor and consists of shaped plates, the surface of which is equipped with a system of ribs. Essentially, the mobile biofermentor is formed by channels open to the interior of the mobile biofermentor. In the ducts the tubes are connected to a common source of compressed air and equipped with exhalation openings.

Utility Model 5987 discloses a biomass container fermenter comprising a multilayer insulating jacket, a watertight and airtight biomass loading and unloading door, and a control unit connected to fermentation parameter sensors located within the fermenter. On the inside, the heating elements and on the top inside the spray nozzles are connected to the tank. The fermenter further comprises at least one cubicle consisting of a frame, a floor, side walls and a front wall. The floor, side walls and the front wall may be filled with netting. The cubicle is equipped with a chassis on the underside of the frame and guide wheels at the corners.

The disadvantage of this solution is that the biomass is not heated directly, and thus accurate and rapid temperature control and regulation is not possible.

The object of the present invention is to provide such a mobile anaerobic fermentation device that will provide all the advantages of container mobile fermenters, as well as other advantages provided by the multi-chamber fermenter according to the present invention.

The essence of the technical solution

The aforementioned drawbacks are eliminated by a mobile anaerobic fermentation bioreactor, which is in the form of a cuboid and contains at least one fermentation chamber, for storing and processing biomass, sealable by gas-tight doors and a separate technological space consisting of an insulating jacket equipped with a biogas outlet. the side provided with the supporting structure and the inside with heating elements. Its essence is that the fermentation chamber is equipped on the inside with a metal inner jacket which separates the heating elements from the internal space of the fermentation chamber and in the upper part there are arranged nozzles for spraying cell juice, which are part of a closed circuit and a connected pumping line to a pump for pumping excess percolate, wherein sensors for monitoring the fermentation parameters controlled by the control unit are located in the interior of the fermentation chamber.

The heating elements consist of a set of tubes with a heat transfer medium and can serve both for heating and cooling the internal environment of the fermentation chamber. Preferably, the heating elements are located in the walls, floor and ceiling of the fermentation chamber.

According to a preferred embodiment, the mobile device for dry anaerobic fermentation consists of two fermentation chambers, each sealable separately by a gas-tight door, one process space which is arranged between the fermentation chambers and one control unit. The fermentation process takes place in separate fermentation chambers independently of one another and thus allows different types of materials to be processed simultaneously. A further advantage of this device is that it allows quasi-continuous biogas production at a relatively low plant output.

According to a preferred embodiment, the metal inner shell can be made of stainless or lacquered sheet.

The advantage of such a device is its modular construction, which allows to connect several such devices in parallel operation according to the required power, and the mobility of the device, which allows to change the installation place without any demanding construction work as needed.

A further advantage is the full-area contact heat transfer between the heated inner wall of the chamber and the biomass, which allows very accurate and rapid temperature control of the fermentation process.

The gas-tight, separate technological room allows physical performance control, maintenance and service work during the fermentation process without interruption.

SK 6393 Υ1

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Figure 1 shows a single-chamber mobile device for dry anaerobic fermentation.

Figure 2 shows a two-chamber mobile device for dry anaerobic fermentation.

Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional side view of a bioreactor fermentation chamber.

EXAMPLES

Example 1:

Mobile dry anaerobic fermentation plant - bioreactor, in the form of a cuboid, containing one fermentation chamber 2, for storing and processing biomass f, closed by gas-tight doors 6 and separated technological space 3. This device further comprises an insulating jacket 5 equipped with a biogas outlet 12 and the heating elements 10, which are located in the walls, in the floor and in the ceiling of the fermentation chamber 2 and are separated from the interior of the fermentation chamber 2 by a metal inner sheath 13. This metal inner sheath 13 is made of stainless steel. In the upper part of the fermentation chamber 2 there are arranged nozzles 7 for spraying of cell juice, which are part of a closed circuit further formed by the cell juice collecting tank 9 located in the process space 3 and connected by a discharge line 8 with a pump (not shown) for pumping excess percolate. In the interior of the fermentation chamber 2 are located sensors 11 for monitoring the fermentation parameters controlled by the control unit 4.

Example 2:

Figure 2 shows a mobile block for dry anaerobic fermentation - a bioreactor, in the form of a cuboid, comprising two fermentation chambers 2 for storing and processing biomass 1, which are separated by a process space 3. Each fermentation chamber 2 is sealable by a gas-tight door 6. This the device consists of an insulating jacket 5, which is provided with openings 12 for the removal of biogas from the fermentation chambers 2 and the heating elements 10, which are located on the walls, on the floor and on the ceiling of both fermentation chambers. a lacquered sheet metal jacket 13 which separates the heating elements 10 from the interior of the fermentation chambers

2. In the upper part of the fermentation chambers 2, there are arranged nozzles 7 for spraying cell juice, which are part of a closed circuit further formed by a cell juice collecting tank 9 located in the process space 3 and connected by a discharge line 8 to a pump (not shown) for pumping excess percolate. In the interior of both fermentation chambers 2 are placed sensors 11 for monitoring the fermentation parameters controlled by the control unit 4.

Example 3:

A method for producing biogas in a bioreactor according to the invention, wherein the biomass 1 is fed to a fermentation chamber 2 which is closed by a gas-tight door 6. By means of the nozzles 7 the cell juice from the collecting vessel 9 is supplied to the fermentation chamber 2. to an operating temperature of 36 to 42 ° C for a residence time of 20 to 90 days. The biomass decomposes in the absence of air and methanogenic bacteria, producing biogas which is discharged through orifice 12 and a liquid percolate which is pumped through the drainage pipe 8 into the collecting tank 9.

Industrial feasibility

The bioreactor according to this invention is used to produce biogas from biomass consisting of organic material of predominantly plant origin.

PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS

Claims (4)

1. Mobile apparatus for dry anaerobic fermentation - a cuboid bioreactor, comprising at least one fermentation chamber, for storing and processing biomass, sealable by gas-tight doors and a separate technological space, consisting of an insulating jacket equipped with a biogas outlet (12) from outside provided with a supporting structure and heating elements on the inside, characterized in that the fermentation chamber ( 2) is provided on the inside with a metal inner jacket (13) which separates the heating elements (10) from the inner space of the fermentation chamber (2) and at the top there are arranged nozzles (7) for spraying cell juice which are part of the closed A circuit further comprising a cell juice collecting tank (9) located in the process space (3) and connected by a discharge line (8) to a pump for purging excess percolate, the sensors (11) on the inside of the fermentation chamber (2). monitoring the fermentation parameters controlled by the control unit (4). Mobile device according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating elements (10) formed by a set of tubes with heat transfer medium for heating and cooling of the internal environment of the fermentation chamber (2) are located in the walls, floor and ceiling of the fermentation chamber (2). ). Mobile device according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it consists of two fermentation chambers (2) which can be closed by separate gas-tight doors, one 10 of the technological space (3), which is arranged between the fermentation chambers (2) and one control unit (4). Mobile device according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal inner casing is made of stainless or lacquered sheet metal.