CZ2009477A3 - Combined tool for heating, pressing and cooling - Google Patents

Abstract

A combined tool for heating, pressing and cooling, in particular a composite plastic consisting of a cylindrical and externally heated cylindrical-shaped mold, further comprising a piston (3) with a punch (8) corresponding to a cylindrical cavity (2), of a base (4 ), wherein the cylindrical part (2) comprises at least two segments (2a) and is provided at its lower end with an annular tongue (9) which conforms to the locking groove (10) in the upper part of the base (4) and engage with one another after assembly and forming a detachable lock, wherein the cylindrical portion (2) is provided with cooling channels (11a) in a serpentine shape, the piston (3) being provided with cooling channels (11b), the base (4) being provided with cooling channels (11c) while at the upper end an upper lock sleeve (14) is arranged on the cylindrical portion (2) and a lower lock sleeve (15) on the underside.

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to a combined tool for heating and pressing, in particular for producing samples of composite plastic, wherein a filler of expanded inorganic material is arranged in the plastic as a binder.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

When heating molds with cylindrical cavity it is necessary to solve suitable heating from outside and inside of cylindrical body. The easiest way is to put the whole mold into the oven and heat up. However, this makes it very difficult to handle this hot mold, since the heating is followed by other operations. In addition, other parts of the mold are heated which do not need to be heated. Such a form of heating is also uneconomical.

In other methods of heating, it is known to enclose the mold from the outside by heating strips based on resistance to wear. Such heating elements are available on the market in various modifications and widths of the heating strip. Such a solution is known, for example, from CZ 221578 from 1981, where the heating of the hollow and cylindrical parts of the mold from the outside by the use of several resistance heating collars is disclosed. However, internal heating is not solved. A similar solution is given in CZ 265 465 from 1986. Here again, the cylindrical part of the mold is enclosed by a ceramic heated envelope by means of resistance heating.

The problem, however, is the mentioned heating from the inside. In CZ 271 810 from 1988, the heating of the hollow and cylindrical part of the mold from the inside by means of a resistance wire is shaped according to the internal shape of the mold and inserted into it. However, such a solution is complicated because it requires the removal of the wire, thereby disturbing the thermal conditions, and again it is necessary to handle the heating wire and the closing part of the mold.

Patent CZ 293292 of 2002 discloses a method of heating a bottom segment by inserting a resistive element inside the mass that forms the bottom. However, such a solution, such as a kettle, is not suitable for cylindrical molds, since heating only from the bottom would take too long.

As already mentioned, there are many types of heating collars for heating on the market, then various heating cartridges are offered for insertion into wall openings and plate heaters based on the resistance principle are also known.

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However, the above-mentioned molds are not intended for simultaneous shaping or compression within the stored contents. However, in the construction of the combined hollow mold and the corresponding compression piston, problems of material expansion due to heat, cooling and optimum heating arise which are not solved by known documents.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a tool for combined heating, pressing and cooling that would allow reliable operation even at higher temperatures, controlled cooling and disassembly of the mold in case the material leaks and it is not possible to remove the heated sample in a conventional manner.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The above-mentioned drawbacks are remedied to a large extent by the combined heating, pressing and cooling tool according to the invention, which consists of a piston with a punch having a shape corresponding to the cavity of the cylindrical part, the base, the cylindrical part consisting of at least two segments. its lower end is provided with a circular tongue, which corresponds in shape to the lock groove in the upper part of the base and fits together after assembly and forms a removable lock, the cylindrical part is provided with coolant channels in a serpentine shape wherein an upper cam sleeve is provided at the upper end of the cylindrical portion and a lower cam sleeve on the underside.

In a preferred embodiment, the heating cartridges are arranged in the base, the heating cartridges are arranged in the piston, and the heating sleeve is arranged around the cylindrical portion, and the heating cartridges are arranged both in the piston and in the base at 120 ° angular intervals.

In another preferred embodiment, the piston head is provided with a top cover and a base of the base with a bottom cover to cover the heating cartridges.

In another preferred embodiment, the upper face of the segments of the cylindrical portion is designed as an upper division, on which the upper ring and the upper ring, respectively, are releasably arranged. a segmented ring and at the bottom surface of the ring are milled portions of the horizontal ducts, always connecting two adjacent vertical ducts, with the upper ring material on both sides between the connected ducts and the grooves in the upper ring forming half of the horizontal ducts on the top surface of the segments of the cylindrical portion.

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In a further preferred embodiment, the lower face of the segments of the cylindrical part is designed as a lower division, on which the lower ring with the tongue and the tongue respectively are detachably arranged. a segmented ring and on the upper surface of the lower ring with a tongue are cut portions of the horizontal channel halves, always connecting two adjacent vertical channels, while between the connected channels there is material of the lower ring on both sides and grooves in the lower ring formed as a groove on the bottom surface of the segments of the cylindrical portion.

In another preferred embodiment, the lower part of the punch is provided with a lower piston cover having a groove corresponding to a half of the horizontal channel of the selected shape milled on the upper surface and corresponding to the second half of the channel formed as a groove in the lower surface of the punch.

In another preferred embodiment, the cooling channels of the base are formed as non-circulating through channels that do not interconnect in the base material.

In another preferred embodiment, the circular tongue has a lower part that is inclined and sloping away from the center of the tool and also the lock groove has an inclined bottom at the same inclination as that of the lower part of the tongue.

In another preferred embodiment, the lower closure sleeve has a convexly shaped inner face.

In a further preferred embodiment, the segments of the cylindrical portion fit precisely to one another after assembly.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an expanded cooling system in a wall of a cylindrical mold part taken along line 11 of FIG. Figure 3 shows a detail of the lock between the cylindrical part of the tool and the base of the tool with the lower closure sleeve; Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the outer heating sleeve area of the cylinder and piston cooling system; Fig. 5 is a schematic sectional view of a part of the cooling system at the bottom of the cylindrical mold as viewed along the line FF of Fig. 1 with the lower closure sleeve mounted; Fig. 6 is a schematic sectional view of the upper region of the cylindrical mold; 7 is a diagram Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the upper piston region as viewed along line AA of Fig. 1 with inserted heating cartridges and cooling ducts; Fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the central region of the plunger with heating cartridges along the line GG of Fig. 1; and Fig. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the plunger along the heating line in Fig. 1; of the line HH of Fig. 1 with inserted heating cartridges.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

1 shows a schematic cross-section of a combination tool 1 for combined heating, pressing and cooling according to the invention. It can be seen that it consists of a cylindrical part 2, a piston 3 and a base 4. The cylindrical part 2 is divided, but this will be discussed later. A heating collar 5 of known type is mounted around the cylindrical portion 2. The piston 3 consists of a head 6, a shank 7 and a punch 8. The cylindrical part at its lower end is provided with a circular tongue 9, which conforms to the cam groove 10 in the upper part of the base 4 and fit together to form a detachable lock between the cylindrical part 2 and the base 4. The importance of the releasable connection between the cylindrical part 2 of the tool, respectively. mold and base 4 will be discussed later.

The cooling ducts 11a in the cylindrical part 2, the cooling ducts 11b in the punch 8 and the cooling ducts 11c in the base 4 are schematically indicated. Also the heating cartridges 12 in the piston and the heating cartridges 13 in the base 4 are also shown. The thermocouple 16 is installed in the base 4. The electric cables 17 lead to the heating cartridges 12. Also to the cooling ducts are liquid inlets 18 with indicated connecting elements 19. Head 6 the piston 3 is covered by an upper cover 21 fastened by screws 22 and the base 4 is provided with a lower cover 20 fastened again by screws 22.

The above elements will be discussed in more detail when describing the various parts of the apparatus.

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the cooling system in the wall of the cylindrical mold part 2 as viewed along line I-I in Fig. 1. It can be seen that the cooling ducts 11a consist of vertical ducts 23 and horizontal ducts 24. Furthermore, the cooling ducts 11a and 23 are horizontal ducts 24. Furthermore, the cooling ducts 11a consist of vertical ducts 23 and horizontal ducts 24. Next,

5 · ^: ·· ί · .. ·:

5, the lower part 31 and the adjacent ring with the tongue 9 and the upper part 32 and the adjacent upper ring 33 are indicated. These parts will be discussed in connection with FIG.

Fig. 3 shows the detail of the lock between the tool cylindrical part 2 and the tool base 4 with the lower closure sleeve 15. The detachable connection between the mold cylindrical part 2 and the base 4 is important because it is necessary to count the molding to the cylindrical part 2 or base 4 of the tool, or that the material will flow into a slot. In this case, the molded part cannot be removed in the usual way and the composite cylindrical part 2 has to be disassembled and removed from the base 4. As mentioned above, the cylindrical part 2 is provided at its lower part with a circular tongue 9 The parts 4 of the base 4 fit together after assembly and form a removable lock between the cylindrical part 2 of the base 4. The assembly also includes the lower closure sleeve 15. This holds the segments 2a of the cylindrical part together and pushes the circular tongue 9 into the lock groove 10. The tongue 9 has a lower part 27 that is inclined and sloping away from the center of the tool. Also, the cam groove 10 has an inclined bottom 28 at the same inclination as that of the lower part 27 of the tongue 9. The lower closure sleeve 15 has a shaped inner face 26, e.g. convex, but may also have a different shape. This is to keep the contact surface between the inner face 26 and the wall of the cylindrical portion 2 as small as possible and to be easily slidable with the sleeve 15.

the inclined bottom 28 and the inclined bottom 27 in turn ensure that the parts of the cylindrical part 2 easily detach from the base 4 when the molding is removed and essentially dropped therefrom after removal of the sleeve 15. This will be removed but also lowered from the base 4 and the base 4 has a smaller outer diameter than the outer diameter of the cylindrical portion 2, which in the assembled state creates an offset 29. This easily dismountable connection and the below removable cylindrical portion 2 are important in order to allow removal even if the material leaks and it is possible to remove the heated sample in a conventional manner.

How the cylindrical portion 2 is divided is seen in cross section along the line E-E of Fig. 4. It can be seen here that the cylindrical portion 2 consists of two segments 2a, which fit precisely to each other due to the fitting 30 when assembled. In the embodiment shown, the fitting 30 is a rebate, but again it is clear that the joining surfaces of the fitting 30 may have a different shape . Also, the segments 2a need not be two, but there may be more. The cooling channels 11b of the punch 8 are also clearly visible in this figure. From the cooling channels 11a

vertical channels 23 are seen here. The heating sleeve 5 is split and tightened by screws, but this can also be done differently. In order to form the horizontal channels 11b in the punch 8, a separate lower piston cover 25 is produced. A groove corresponding to a half of the horizontal channel 11b having a selected shape is milled on the upper surface of the cover 25. This groove corresponds to the second half of the channel 11b formed as a groove in the lower surface of the punch 8, equally shaped. In this way, horizontal cooling channels 11b are formed. There is a division 37 between the punch 8 and the cover 25, and this is then not visible because the cover 25 is firmly welded to the punch 8 and the weld joint is ground.

Fig. 5 is a diagram of part of the cooling system at the bottom of the cylindrical mold as viewed along line F-F of Fig. 1 with the lower closure collar 15 mounted there. Not only the vertical channels 23 but also the horizontal channels 24 can be seen from the cooling channels 11a.

In Fig. 1, a lower division 31 is shown in dashed line along the line F-F - see Fig. 5. The area where the tongue 9 is made is a single ring or a segmented ring. On the upper surface of the ring, portions of the halves of the horizontal ducts 24, each connecting two adjacent vertical ducts 23, are milled, wherein between the connected ducts 23 there is on both sides material of the tongue ring 9. a half of the channel 24 formed as a groove in the lower surface of the body of the cylindrical part 2 or in their segments 2a. In this way, the cooling duct system 11a is formed as a continuous snake, which is best seen in FIG. The lower partition 31 is then not visible because the ring of the tongue 9 is firmly welded to the segments 2a and the weld joint is ground.

Similarly, the horizontal connection of the cooling grooves 11a is also provided in the upper region of the cylindrical part 2 or the segments 2a. This is seen in Fig. 6, which is a schematic cross-sectional view of the upper region of the cylindrical mold portion with the upper portion of the cooling system as viewed along line D-D of Fig. 1. In the cross-sectional plane along the line DD, the upper division 32 is indicated by dashed lines. The upper part is again produced as a separate upper ring 33 or a segmented ring - visa 2, and parts of the horizontal channels 24 are milled on the lower surface of the ring 33. vertical channels 23, with the material of the upper ring 33 on both sides between the connected channels 33. The grooves in the upper ring 33, which form half of the horizontal channels 24, correspond to the other half of the channel 24 formed as a groove. 2a. This creates the cooling channel system 11a, which is best seen in FIG. The upper partition 32 is then not visible because the upper ring 33 is firmly welded to the segments 2a and the weld joint is ground. In FIG. 6, the fluid inlets 18 to the cooling ducts 11a are shown with the connecting elements 19 indicated. Also, the shank 7 of the piston 3 with the inserted heating cartridges 12 can be seen. The heating cartridges are preferably arranged at angular spacing of 120 °.

Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the upper cam sleeve 14 of the cylindrical mold part 2 and the piston 3 as viewed along line C-C of Fig. 1. As the segments 2a are pulled down by the lower sleeve 15, the upper lock sleeve 14 is mounted at the top. This sleeve 14 is ring-shaped and is preferably provided with a flange 34 so that it can be easily seated. Again, the stem 7 of the piston 3 is provided with three intermediate heating cartridges 12 and vertical channels 35.

Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the upper region of the piston 3 as viewed along line A-A of Fig. 1 with inserted heating cartridges and cooling channels. This is a sectional view of the piston head 6. The heating cartridges 12, the coolant inlets 18 with the indicated connecting elements 19 are again visible. The inlets 18 open into the vertical channels 35 in the piston stem 3, which then pass into the horizontal cooling channels of the cooling system 11b in the punch. 8, as seen in FIG. 4. The horizontal cooling channels are drilled in the head 6 of the piston 3.

Fig. 9 is a schematic cross-section of the shank 7 of the piston 3 with the heating cartridges 12 viewed along line B-B of Fig. 1. Here too, part of the vertical channels 35 is visible.

Fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the central region of the base 4 with the heating cartridges 13 as viewed along the line G-G of Fig. 1. Here it is important to mention the arrangement of the cooling system 11c consisting of a plurality of separate channels 36 which are not interconnected in the base 4 and intersect the base at different heights. This is clearly seen in Fig. 1. However, outside the base 4, the channels are interconnected by an overhead conduit and run through the same coolant flow. The heating cartridges 13 are preferably arranged at angular pitches of 120 °.

Fig. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the base 4 as viewed along the line H-H of Fig. 1 with the heating cartridges 13 inserted. The heating cartridges 13 and screws 22 are again visible.

It is obvious that individual parts of the tool and cooling systems can be equipped with measuring sensors for controlled heating or cooling of individual parts and monitoring of all

a cooling and heating operation. The sensors are then routed to the central control unit.

Claims (10)

PATENT CLAIMS Combination tool for heating, pressing and cooling, in particular composite plastic, consisting of a cylindrical and externally heated cylindrical tube-shaped mold, characterized in that it further comprises a piston (3) with a punch (8) corresponding to the cavity of the cylindrical part (2). ), from a base (4), the cylindrical part (2) consisting of at least two segments (2a) and having at its lower end a circular tongue (9) corresponding to the cam groove (10) in the upper part of the base (4) and fit together after assembly to form a removable lock, wherein the cylindrical portion (2) is provided with coils (11a) in a serpentine shape, the piston (3) is provided with coolants (11b), the base (4) is provided with coolants (11c) ), wherein an upper lock sleeve (14) is provided at the upper end of the cylindrical portion (2) and a lower lock sleeve (15) on the lower side, Combination tool according to claim 1, characterized in that heating cartridges (13) are arranged in the base (4), heating cartridges (12) are arranged in the piston (3) and a heating collar (5) is arranged around the cylindrical part, wherein the heating cartridges (12, 13) are arranged in both the piston (3) and the base (4) at angular spacing of 120 °. Combination tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the head (6) of the piston (3) is provided with an upper cover (21) and a base of the base with a lower cover (20) for covering the heating cartridges (12, 13). Combination tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper face of the segments (2a) of the cylindrical part (2) is in the form of an upper section (32) on which the upper ring (33) and the upper ring (33) are detachably arranged. a segmented ring and at the bottom surface of the ring (33), portions of the halves of the horizontal channels (24), each connecting two adjacent vertical channels (23), are milled, with the upper ring (33) and the grooves in the upper ring ( 33) that make up half ** · ···· * · Μ ··· · · fc *? · ... ·. . .: The horizontal ducts (24) correspond to the second half of the duct (24) formed as a groove on the upper surface of the segments (2a) of the cylindrical portion (2). Combination tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower face of the segments (2a) of the cylindrical part (2) is designed as a lower part (31), on which the lower ring with the tongue (9) and the lower part (9) is arranged. a segmented ring and on the upper surface of the lower ring with a tongue (9) are cut portions of the halves of the horizontal channels (24), each connecting two adjacent vertical channels (23), with the material of the lower ring and grooves in the lower ring between them which forms half of the horizontal channels (24) corresponds to the other half of the channel (24) formed as a groove on the bottom surface of the segments (2a) of the cylindrical part 2. Combination tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower part of the punch (8) is provided with a lower piston cover (25) on whose upper surface a groove corresponding to half of the horizontal channel (11b) of the selected shape is milled a half of the channel (11b) formed as a groove in the lower surface of the punch (8), with a division (37) between the punch (8) and the cover (25). Combination tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the cooling channels (11c) of the base are designed as non-circulating through channels (36) which do not interconnect in the material of the base (4). Combination tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the circular tongue (9) has a lower part (27) that is inclined and sloping away from the center of the tool and also the lock groove (10) has an inclined bottom (28) in the same an inclination such as an inclination of the lower part (27) of the tongue (9). Combination tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower closure sleeve (15) has a convexly shaped inner face (26). Combination tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the segments (2a) of the cylindrical part (2) fit precisely to each other after being assembled by means of a shaped joint (30).