CZ20023685A3 - Process and apparatus for spinning textile fibers by making use of a spinning rotor - Google Patents

Abstract

In a spinning process fibre runs at high-speed through a rotor housing maintained at low pressure and closed by a cap. The incoming staple fibres collect within the rotor groove, combine and twist in the binding-in-zone, and discharge as a yarn section (44) extending between the rotor groove and thread withdrawal jet. The yarn section is subject esp. to a pneumatic force (F) opposite to its direction of rotation (U). <??>The curved yarn section (44) is exposed to numerous surrounding array of tangential incoming air jets applying a twist force at an angle of between 10 and 30 to the yarn section (44). The yarn section (44) rotates at a distance of 0.5 to 1.5 mm from the surrounding air jets. Also claimed is a commensurate open-end spinning assembly.

Description

Technical Field {

AND

The present invention relates to a method of spinning textile staples by means of a spinning rotor, which rotates at high speeds in a channel plate of an absorbable rotor jacket in which a vacuum is generated. Into the spinning rotor supplied staple i

They are collected in the rotor groove, twisted into a yarn in the binding zone, and then drawn to form a yarn arm which extends between the rotor groove and the take-off nozzle. The invention also relates to an apparatus for carrying out the method.

and

The prior art _t

As is known and described in a plurality of patents in rotor spinning, the individual fibers, which have been combed by means of a so-called roll sliver roll, are fed through a fiber guide channel to a sliding surface with a high speed rotating spinning rotor. The individual fibers, which are pressed against the rotor wall by centrifugal force, slide over the sliding surface into the rotor groove, where they form a fibrous ring by doubling.

AND

This filament ring is plucked out by the end of the yarn being drawn off by the take-off nozzle and is withdrawn at a constant speed in the region of the so-called bonding zone by the rotating rotor to form a new thread.

That is, in the production of staple, a yarn arm is formed between the so-called bonding zone and the take-off nozzle, which rotates in the direction of rotation of the rotor with the rotor speed. '!

[· '· ··

- ♦ · · · · · · · · 4 9 ·> 9 «• · ·; · 9 9 - · 9 9 ~ ·! 9 · 9 4 9 9

- 2 I

At the yarn arm, the yarn tension decreases with increasing rotor radius. In order to ensure that the thread has already in the binding zone

such a torsion, i.e. such a twist that it is not interrupted during the draw-off, is preferably produced on the yarn by means of a draw-off nozzle.

additional false twist. However, the size of the false twist must be measured precisely, since in the case of a large false twist, there is a risk that the thread in the region of the binding zone will twist. In addition, a large • 1 · false twist increases the risk of spinning threads with a low lead angle to the lap belts without a lead.

In conventional rotor spinning devices, the yarn has a straight line during the rotation between the exhaust nozzle ^{1 of the} region and the rotor groove, only at the so-called point, the arm and the binding zone extend. The yarn arm of the tear yarn that lies immediately in front of the binding zone is relatively sharp in the direction of rotation of the rotor. This means that the fracture radius is relatively small in the region of the turning point. However, this small fracture radius has the disadvantage that it at least greatly prevents expansion through the take-off nozzle of the introduced false twist into the bonding zone.

Various attempts have been made to influence geometry

Even the yarn arm, in particular, increase the fracture radius in the area of • the I turn. and

JP-AS 46-33 740 discloses, for example, a spinning device having a relatively large exhaust nozzle. In this known spinning device the raineno of the yarn slides on the surface of the take-off nozzle during the yarn withdrawal and is mechanically braked, which leads to the yarn arm arching against the direction of its rotation. Although this camber can eliminate the critical radius of curvature of the yarn arm in the region of the turning point, it is disadvantageous.

However, these devices are based on the yarn placement to big

A very large false twist on the yarn arm is achieved on the yarn arm, with the previously described negative consequences. * f

A comparable spinning device in which the yarn arm is also mechanically applied is also described on gravel. Textilbetrieb ICU ”(November 1976 edition). !

^! The rotor spinning device described in this article has a rotatably mounted spinning chamber with a flat bottom and also in the opposite direction by rotating friction discs. Between the two i

The conveyed fibrous material gains its twist by friction discs. . i i

-AND

Furthermore, in AT-PS 268 942 an old spinning method is described in which the yarn arm geometry is to be influenced, inter alia, by the corresponding thread tension. The known method is, however, for today's high-end rotor spinning machines operating with a rotor speed of more than 100,000 min ^-1, just out, extracted and suitable in practice neprosadil- j

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION. . , i

On the basis of the foregoing prior art, the invention is based on the object of developing a method and a process for the preparation of a process. also devices by means of which, among other things, the yarn quality can be improved, for example by reducing the proportion of spinning fibers. .

This object is achieved according to the invention in the manner described in claim 1 and by the device according to claim 6.:

Advantageous further embodiments of the method according to the invention are the subject of subclaims 2 to 5. Further preferred embodiments

· '· ·

The devices are described in claims 7-12

I .. f

The method according to the invention, i.e. a pneumatic arching with a high speed of the rotating yarn arm against the direction of rotation thereof, has the particular advantage that it can permanently improve the shaping of the yarn arm in the region before the so-called tear-off point. the risk that the yarn contains additional lap belts. In addition, the camber of the yarn arm leads to the yarn having a higher tensile strength in the region of the rotor groove, i.e. in the bonding zone, which has a positive effect on the yarn formation. <

and

In a preferred embodiment according to claim 2, it acts on. Even the rotating yarn arm is driven by the pneumatic force of the individual air streams. Powered. the action of a plurality of individual air streams ensures uniform and gentle handling of the rotating yarn arm. ^! .

In a preferred embodiment described in claim 3, the individual air jets protrude from the swirl air bores of the so-called swirl shroud. Whirl) wreath is

It is also located in the region of the exhaust nozzle and completely encloses. • i ‘

Since the eddy air bores are connected to each other by a so-called annular channel, it is ensured that all the individual air streams have almost the same intensity. The intensity of the individual air streams may also be adjustable if desired.

Preferably, the swirl air bores of the swirl collar are positioned such that the individual air streams act on the rotating yarn arm at a specified optimum angle. It is particularly advantageous here if the angle of the individual air streams relative to the plane of rotation of the yarn arm is. between 10 ° and 30 ° ·· · · ♦,. ··· '··

* Clause 4 (claim 4). . . :

/ ^!

It is further determined that ideal geometric ratios are i

receives when the spacing of the rotating arm of the yarn from the mouth of the eddy-air boreholes is, as stated in claim 5, between!

0.5 and 1.5 mm. At such a distance, not only a sufficient camber of the yarn arm during rotation is ensured, but also efficient use of air is ensured.

As claimed in claim 6, the device according to the invention is characterized in that it has a channel plate enclosing the rotor

Also, there are a plurality of eddy-air boreholes in the region of the channel plate, which circumferentially surround the exhaust nozzle.

Such a design has in particular the advantage that the boreholes for the swirling i

The air is positioned near the take-off nozzle and thus half the length of the yarn arm. Such a pneumatic effect on the yarn arm in this region leads to a sufficiently large camber of the yarn arm, even with small amounts of air, and thus to a sufficiently increased introduction of the yarn twists into the bonding zone.

As indicated in claims 8 to 10, the swirl air bores are both directed against the direction of rotation of the yarn arm and are positioned relative to the rotational plane of the yarn arm at an angle of between 10 ° and 30 °.

Eddy wreath is thereby located bores 20 and 40 for swirling air, having a diameter between ^0.2 and 1.0 mm. Such a preferred embodiment of the swirling embodiment. the ring ensures both the undisturbed rotation of the curved yarn arm and the minimum additional energy required.

As described in claim 11, the eddy air bores are supplied with compressed air, preferably from a separate positive pressure source. That is, the annular channel connecting the. ·· .. · <

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Fig. 2 the eddy-air bores are connected to a separate positive pressure source via a pneumatic line. Such a pressure source then supplies all the swirl rims of the spinning machine simultaneously with the required pressure air. . ’

According to alternative forms of embodiment may of course also be provided that the swirling air bores are provided with ^one 'atmospheric air inlet (claim 12). In this case, the inside of the rotor jacket creates a negative pressure in the region of the eddy-air boreholes, which forms individual air streams which arch the rotating yarn arm against the direction of its rotation.

- 7 -. . : J

As mentioned in claim 7, the eddy-air bores form a swirl ring that surrounds the exhaust nozzle located in the replaceable channel plate adapter. Such an embodiment has an advantage in that, if necessary, simply by replacing the conduit plate adapter also replace a swirl ring, and thus displacement may also ^one adapt impact pneumatic medium to and rotating the arm in relation to the • yarn parameter and optionally (can be seamlessly changed ·

Overview of the drawings

Further details of the invention can be seen from the following

¹ 'of the embodiment illustrated by the drawings, FIG. ,

The drawings show:

1 shows a schematic and side view of a rotor spinning device with a yarn arm arching device according to the invention, FIG.

r 'i i i' on an enlarged scale in the rotor housing; a spinning rotor is arranged, the rotor (the casing being covered)

I! ': i ♦ I ..

► 1. A channel plate, the adapter of which has a swirl ring according to the invention, and FIG. 3 into a spinning rotor reaching the channel plate adapter with a swirl ring, on a larger scale and in cross section, FIG. 4 is a plan view of the swirl ring mounted on the channel plate adapter; 5 a sketch of the principle of the method according to the invention,. FIG. 6 shows a sketch of a prior art method of the prior art, and FIG. :

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional side view of the swirl ring taken along line VII-VII in Fig. 4;

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

A spinning device 1 is shown in FIG. 1. The spinning device 1 consists, as is known, of a rotor jacket 2 in which a spinning rotor bowl 2 rotates at high speed.

the shaft 4 in the bearing wedge of the bearing, 5 on the support and is driven by a tangential belt 6, which is i.

Axial fixation of rotor rotor discs by pressure roller. 7. by means of adjusting the shaft 4 is made by permanent magnets.

axial; bearings 18 'r

As usual, the rotor casing 2 open at the front is closed during spinning by a rotatable cover 8, in which the channel plate 26, which is not shown in greater detail in FIG. The rotor jacket h is additionally connected to the source 11i by means of an appropriate exhaust line 10.

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the vacuum it creates in the rotor jacket for spinning.

negative pressure i

and

In the recess 28 of the channel plate 26, a replaceable channel plate adapter 12 having a withdrawal strip 13, not shown, of the guide channel opening 14, not shown, is located.

and also the swirl wreath 37 of the invention. , í.

• * 'Ί'

1 · _k ·.

As shown in the drawings, an exhaust pipe 15 is connected to the nozzle nozzle 13,

In addition, it is rotatable about the axis 16 of the roller 21.

is on the cover 8, which by rotation, fastened the housing is mounted 17 of the limited limiting

The lid 8 further has on the rear side of the mounting bracket 19, 20 for receiving the opening roller 21 or the supply roller 22

- '! Also for fiber sliver. The plucking cylinder 21 is driven in ^'' .4 Fc region of its whorl 23 additional tangential belt 24, while the not shown drive the feed roller '22 for supplying the sliver is formed by preferably a worm gear, | that is assigned to the drive shaft 25. ^1'

Giant. 2 shows the spinning device 1 schematically shown in FIG. 1 on a larger scale and in section and partly in view. '·. , 'S

As can be seen, the forward rotor housing 2 is closed by the channel plate 26 of the cover 8 during operation.

I is either fixed as a separate component to the cover 8 or integrated into the cover 8. ':

AND

The channel plate 26 has an annular recess 27 in which a sealing collar 9 is received. In addition, the channel plate 26 has an annular recess 27.

L. · »· · · I _f» 'i ve'směru the rotor housing 2 on the 28th open recess whose lateral bearing surface 29 are formed conical. 'j' t: t

In the recess 28, the adapter plate 12 of the channel plate 26 is correctly and easily disassembled with its body 30.

't

The fastening is carried out, for example, by means of a magnetic coupling 31

The adapter plate 12 of the channel plate 26 has a central bore for the exhaust nozzle 13. In addition, a swirl ring 37, which has a plurality of bores 38 for swirling air, is positioned in the region of the exhaust nozzle 13. J

The adapter plate 12 of the channel plate 26 has, on its opposite nozzle 13, a connection means 32, which is in the form of a ferromagnetic, annular disk, on the opposite side. The connection means 32 is firmly sealed into the adapter 12 of the channel plate 26 made of aluminum or plastic.

The magnetic coupling 31 further comprises two disc-shaped permanent magnets 33 arranged symmetrically in the bottom of the recess 28, which are fixed to the channel plate 26 by means of,. The bearing disc 34 is mounted in the recess 28. . t.

In addition, a partially ejector 36 projecting on the connecting element 32 and having an opening on the rear side of the channel plate 26 is provided with a protruding protrusion 36 which, if necessary, also allows

easy release of the 12 channel plate adapter 26 from! channel plates 26. ^r ;

AND

In particular, as can be seen from FIGS. 3 and 4, the withdrawal nozzle 13 is flush with the swirl collar 37 in the adapter plate 12 of the channel plate 26. ·· «ί i. · ·· ··

HER · , " · · • · · · • * * · · · " ; Rotation of the spinning rotor 3 'of the eddy-air bores 38. The individual bores 38 are connected via an annular air supply duct for the whirling air of the duct 39 which is connected, either to a pressure source 41 or to atmospheric air. In the second case, an air stream is generated in the swirl air bores 38 by means of the spinning vacuum it generates; Source 11 i

vacuum.

In the whirling rim 37 located bore 38 for swirling the air having a relatively small diameter, preferably between 0 ₍₂ and 1.0 • 'L i · mm. In addition, bores 38 for swirling air, as is the ^first' T e.g. seen from Fig. 7, relative to the plane formed by the RE IF * - j first rotation arm 44 of the yarn below, a specific angle and · 'it means that. ^3!' j of bores 38 for swirling air. the exiting air streams ELS

... i) acts on the yarn arm 44 at an angle α which is between 10 ° and 30 °.

The small diameters of the eddy-air bores 38 may have this

in particular, with a sufficiently high air flow velocity, only a relatively small amount of air is required to swivel the rotating yarn arm 44. This reliably prevents the disadvantageous influence of the suction current in the region of the periphery of the spinning rotor 3 and thus the deterioration of the efficiency of the spinning device 1.

The functions of the method and the device according to the invention are as follows:

As is known in rotor spinning, it works with both a right-hand twist and a false-twist, with both types of twist being applied to the yarn arm 44. ‘L

AND

The true twist is created with the help of high

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9 'V ^, ·. · * · ♦ ' ^r »

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11 ', r of the rotating spinning rotor 3, while the false twist is introduced essentially by the take-off nozzle 13. The twists applied to the yarn arm 44 extend to the rotor groove 46

1 of the spinning rotor 3 and collect in the so-called bonding zone 45 the individual fibers supplied by the fiber guide channel 14.

The new yarn is then pulled off by the take-off rollers 43 and, for example, runs through the torsion stop 42, e.g.

'ji' '* J

As shown in FIG. 6, in the spinning process known in the art, the rotating yarn arm 44 usually has an almost straight course. It is known that the arm 44 will come. It is relatively sharply fractured only immediately in front of the binding zone lying in the rotor groove 46. This sharp fracture promises

⁶ , t expansion of the corresponding twists into the rotor groove region. l · ..

46, that is to say in particular to the binding zone 45. Since, in addition, a relatively small tensile force is applied to the yarn prior to the kink ^. AND.

there is also the danger that there are double twists, so-called cylindrical loops. *

') <1

The above-mentioned disadvantages are avoided by the method of the invention shown in FIG. That is, ¹ with a force o ' ¹ . ! 'i

F of the air jet which acts against the direction of rotation U on the yarn arm 44 extending between the take-off nozzle 13 and the rotor groove 46, this yarn arm 44 arches upstream of the U-direction. !

- I

As can be seen, this pneumatic camber significantly increases the kink radius between the yarn arm 44 'and the yarn binding zone 45, thereby facilitating the spreading of the yarn twist from the yarn arm 44 to the yarn binding zone 45. the tensile force as well as the correspondingly high load torque. This higher loading torque will reduce the amount of false twist: i i ·?

thus, the method of the invention leads to an improvement in yarn quality in terms of structure, strength, ductility and labor-intensive production.

Í · · ····

- 13'.-

Claims (1)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. spinning A method of spinning textile staples by means of a rotor which rotates at high speed in a channel plate (26) of a closable rotor jacket. (2) (,, - in which vacuum is generated, wherein the spinning rotor (3) (the supplied staple fibers are collected in the rotor groove (46,), in the binding zone (45) twisted into a yarn and then ^The yarn arm (44) extending between the rotor groove (46) and the take-off nozzle (13) withdraws, characterized in that the yarn arm (44) is acted upon. air flow force (F), rotation. so that it tends to _t opposite (Uý sve 10. The method of claim 1, wherein:. on shoulder ⁴ . '' ^! í · ' ^Λ . (44) the yarn causes multiple individual air flow (ELS). 3. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that the individual air streams (ELS) exit from the swirl bores (38). t í .. air of a swirl ring (37) surrounding the exhaust nozzle (13). ' Method according to claim 3, characterized in that the individual air streams (ELS) act on the yarn arm (44) at an angle (α) of between 10 ° and 30 °. . ) Method according to claim 3, characterized in that the arm (44) AA. 1 i, '. the yarn rotates at a distance (a) in front of the vortex air bores (38), which is between 0.5 and 1.5 mm. ^! Apparatus for carrying out the method according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotor jacket (2) closes the spinning device (J). - 4 'channel plate (26), in the region of which is located more upstream (U) of the yarn arm (44) of the directed bores 6. and I t «·,»: «· · ·, ·!, · ·. »» (............... - 14 - i (38) for eddy-air, which surrounds the shroud nozzle (13). Ř Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the eddy-air bores (38) are located on the channel plate adapter (12) which is interchangeably mounted in the recess (28) of the channel plate (26). Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the eddy air bores (38) are formed on a eddy ring (37) having between 20 and 40 eddy air bores (38). . I (i) Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the eddy-air bores (38) have a diameter of between 0.2 and 1.0 mm. | and Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the eddy-air bores (38) are formed at an angle (α) to the rotation plane (RE) of the yarn arm (44) of 10 ° to 30 °. '^;'and Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the eddy-air bores (38) are connected to an overpressure source (41) on the inlet side. ,. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the rotor jacket (2) is connected to a vacuum source (11) and the eddy-air bores (38) are provided with an atmospheric inlet. air. , «·. · · ♦. ·· ·· · · [··. 0 0 »» 0 0 · 0 000 0-0 0 00 0