CZ137698A3 - Bedding for petty animals - Google Patents

Abstract

A bedding for pets in the form of granules of circular cross section made of waste of hygienic products designed for absorption of human body liquids. The bedding comprises more than 50 per cent by mass of cellulose and 0.1 to 1 per cent by mass of an absorber, from 5 to 17 per cent of gypsum and 3 to 15 per cent of partly plasticized olefin polymer. The bedding may further contain 0.1 to 0.2 by mass of a wetting agent and aromatic compounds. The density of the bedding lies between 250 to 450 kg/m<3>.

Description

Bedding for small animals

Technical field

The invention relates to litter for small animals such as cats, rabbits, hamsters, guinea pigs, turtles, mice, laboratory animals and the like.

Current state of the art

Known bedding for small animals are most often granules, which differ in shape and material composition. The shape of the granules is dependent on the method of manufacture and the material composition is dependent on the input materials from which the litter is made. They are both porous, water-insoluble materials and materials containing cellulose in the form of wood or paper. Other ingredients such as lime, calcium hydrate, gypsum and other, especially mineral, water-insoluble substances are added to the litter.

DE DAS 29 02 079 describes an animal bedding which is made of or contains a porous material. The porous material is granular calcium silicate or a powder thereof. The pore radius is less than 500 microns.

DE-DOS 27 28 860 discloses a bedding especially for cats made of expanded material with a specific gravity of 50 to 200 grams per liter. The litter contains quartz and oxides of elements such as MgO, K2O, Fe2O3, Al2O3 and CaCO3

DE DOS 29 02 101 discloses a bedding formed as a porous lightweight building block based on calcium silicate, with eight percent by weight of cellulose fibers.

DE DOS 31 21 403 discloses a litter formed from or comprising a porous inorganic material. The pH of the bedding is between 5.0 and 9.0. The porous material is formed from a mixture comprising pumice, clay, quartz, and calcium silicate in granules or powder.

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DE DOS 36 44 626 discloses a bedding made of a mixture of fillers, gypsum and accelerators. The material is dry blended and pressed under high pressure.

EPA 0 453 414 discloses a granular material formed from inorganic materials such as bentonite, sepiolite and polygorskite. The material is primarily used for absorbing oily substances and is also suitable for absorbing biological fluids.

CS AO 213701 discloses bedding for laboratory animals made up of components of sieve fractions of softwood waste wood fractions. It shows the fraction ratio of oversize screen sieves with different mesh sizes.

CS patent 28 2331 discloses litter for small animals in the form of granules containing more than 50% pure cellulose. A certain disadvantage is that the litter is light and spreads around the trays

DE DOS 26 20 709 discloses litter for animals, stables and cowsheds. The bedding contains wood sawdust and peat and aromatic oils.

DE-DOS 27 48 752 discloses a litter for small animals, the bulk of which is 75 to 80% by weight of sawdust and the rest is peat.

CH pat.č. No. 680,894 discloses a litter comprising 35 to 75 weight percent of the fibrous waste of the pulp and paper industry and / or wet fiber processing equipment. The remainder are additives such as lime, calcium hydrate and / or gypsum. The granulate is in the form of spherical grains with a diameter of 1 mm to 10 mm. The surface of the grains is dusted with mineral powder, which also has the function of a deodorant.

US PAT. No. 5,176,107 describes a litter for small pets, wherein the adhesive material includes cellulose or cellulose-containing materials which is less than 25% of the total weight of the product.

US PAT. No. 5,172,652 discloses a scent absorber from pet feces. The box contains bedding material that contains recyclable paper.

US PAT. No. 5,176,107 discloses litter for small pets, wherein the adhesive material includes cellulose or cellulose-containing materials which is less than 25% of the total weight of the product.

The litter, which contains predominantly inorganic, water-insoluble mineral constituents, is usually formed from broken natural porous solids. Beds made of specially broken stones are not too small for small animals ·· ····

4

99

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9 99 et al. Sharp edges can damage the paws of the animal and therefore avoid animals as far as possible. More preferred are litters in the form of spherical granules. Another disadvantage of bedding made of porous non-combustible solids is that they multiply the amount of solid household waste which is increasingly difficult to dispose of. The increased percentage of dust produced by handling and transport is allergic to some animals and operators. The disadvantage of some bedding is the lack of fluid and odor absorption, which requires frequent replacement and greater consumption. Somewhat more environmentally friendly are bedding made of combustible materials such as wood, peat and paper waste that can be burned after use. Burning of used bedding is not desirable from an ecological point of view. Therefore, ways are being sought to utilize the already produced industrial waste to produce litter which can be disposed of by composting after use. Some types of bedding with a high proportion of pulp tend to spread litter around the cat's toilet and at the same time have limited absorbency of odors and liquids.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

This problem solves and to some extent eliminates the disadvantages of known embodiments of litter for small animals having the shape of granular round cross-sections made from waste of sanitary products for absorbing human body fluids containing and more than 50 weight percent cellulose and 0.1 to 1 weight percent absorber. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The invention is based on 5 to 17 weight percent gypsum, 3 to 15 weight percent partially plasticized polyolefin. The effect of the invention is increased by adding 0.1 to 0.2 weight percent of a wetting agent, adjusting the bedding density in the range of 250 to 450 kg / m 2, adjusting the height of the granules which do not differ significantly from their diameter and adding flavoring agents.

The composition of the components used and the high active surface of the litter according to the invention ensure high absorption of liquid excrements and odors. The attractiveness of liquid manure is increased to a minimum of 300 to 1000 percent by weight with the new composition. The sensitivity of the smells increases significantly. This solution also significantly reduces the possibility of litter spreading around the cat

WC. The geometric shape of the granules is close to the body with maximum geometric »t» · ♦ ·

4 surface. The litter is almost dust-free and contains no ingredients causing allergies or other health problems. This applies to both littered animals and their operators. It uses industrial waste products that are used to absorb human body fluids. It is a material both from the health and hygienic point of view completely harmless, which would have to be disposed of in another way, for example by incineration. Used bedding can also be disposed of by composting. The price of bedding is lower compared to similar products.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The litter is in the form of granules in the form of rollers. The roller diameter ranges from 5 mm to 10 mm. The height of the roller is equal to or less than 30% from its diameter. The size of the granules shall be chosen according to the species and size of the animals for which the bedding is intended. The litter contains more than 50 weight percent cellulose. The component that provides the desired percentage of cellulose is supplied in the form of pulp, paper, cotton, viscose staple and the like. At the same time, the litter contains 5 to 17 weight percent of the gypsum mineral additive. It is supplied in powder form in the final granulation phase so that the decisive proportion of this additive is concentrated closer to the surface of the granules. Both of the above components, in conjunction, provide a higher absorption capacity of liquid excrements and odors. At the same time, they regulate the time course of this process. As a result, the top layers of the bedding remain relatively dry and the bedding degrades from below.

The cohesion of the granules is 5-15% by weight of the partially plasticized polyolefin. Polyolefin is in granules in the form of microfoil shavings and shavings that have regular and irregular geometric shapes. It may also be in the form of a nonwoven fabric or the like. The content of 0.1 to 1% by weight of the absorber contributes to increasing the absorption capacity of the bedding when absorbing liquid excrements and odors. Wetting, in the range of 0.1 to 0.2 weight percent, reduces the free surface energy between the active surface of the litter and the liquid droplets of excrement that spread on the active surface. This increases the overall absorbency. Both wetters and absorbers are commonly known and available fabrics supplied by manufacturers under various trade names.

In order to extend the life of the litter and to prolong the time of absorption of odors, it is possible to supplement the litter with the addition of various flavorings. The litter density is in the range of 250 to 450 kg / mS. The composition of the input material and the new technological process of granules production contribute to the low density of the bedding. The composition and sizes of the different litter species for use in different animal species are shown in the following examples.

Example 1

Bedding made in the form of granules cat hamster and mouse.

Material

Pulp

Gypsum

Bleached paper

Non-woven textile, cotton, polypropylene

Polyolefin Microfilms

Absorbér

Wetting agent with a diameter of 5 mm, length 5 mm suitable for% by weight

1,8

0.2

Example 2

Bedding made in the form of granules with a diameter of 8 mm, length 8 mm suitable for bunnies and guinea pigs.

Material% by weight

Bleached cotton

Pulp

Gypsum

Bleached paper

Polyolefin Microfilm

Absorbér

Wetting agent over 50

0.8

0.2 ·· · ♦ <·

Φ 9

999

Example 3

Bedding made in the form of granules with a diameter of 8 mm, length 8 mm suitable for laboratory animals

Material % by weight Viscose staple 11 Pulp over 50 Gypsum Bleached paper Non-woven fabric - cotton Polyolefin Microfibre Absorber 5 13 10 6 0.9 Wetting agent 0.1

Sorted and dried granules free from debris and dust produced during production are stored in bags and dispatched. After use, the litter is disposed of by composting.

Industrial applicability

The litter according to the invention is used in the cultivation and breeding of small domestic and laboratory animals.

Claims (5)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. Litter for small animals having the form of round granules made from waste of sanitary products for absorbing human body fluids, containing and containing more than 50% by weight of cellulose and 0.1 to 1% by weight of an absorber, comprising: up to 17 weight percent gypsum, 3 to 15 weight percent partially plasticized polyolefin. The litter according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains 0.1 to 0.2 weight percent of a surfactant. The litter according to claim 1, characterized in that the density of the litter is 250 to 450 kg / m 2. 4. The litter of claim 1, wherein the height of the granules does not differ significantly from their diameter. 5. The litter according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains flavoring substances.