CZ10339U1 - Fabrics containing synthetic fibers - Google Patents

Description

Technical field

The technical solution relates to fabrics containing synthetic fibers, which are intended especially for the production of functional underwear and sportswear.

Background Art

Among other things, the fiber profile, ie the cross-sectional profile - the fiber profile, is also important for the functional properties of textiles, especially textiles and hence textile fabrics. E.g. cotton has a kidney-shaped cross-section with a lumen inside. The cotton section varies depending on the conditions of occurrence, degree of maturity or drying due to the shape and size of the cross-section. The described changes occur not only between individual fibers but also according to one fiber.

The wave has a circular cross-sectional shape, but the individual fibers have different diameters.

The cross-sectional shape of the chemical fibers compared to natural fibers is uniform over the length of the fiber and the differences are much smaller in cross-sectional area between the fibers.

At present, different profile nozzles are used for spinning especially synthetic fibers outside the circular profile nozzles. This produces different profile fibers with different cross-sectional shapes. They are produced by passing the melt through a spinning nozzle with concave holes of various shapes. E.g. square, horseshoe-shaped, trilobal, star-shaped, L-shaped, etc. The profiled synthetic fibers are important as fancy yarns and increase the utility value of the products made of them: greater thermal insulation, better moisture transport and thus more favorable physiological physiological properties, better look and fuller touch. The profiled fibers are proven in the manufacture of ladies stockings. Polyamide silk with cross section gives the stockings a shimmering shine. It is also suitable for women's blouses and underwear. However, profiled polyamide silk is also increasingly used for outerwear. Staple fibers are also profiled and used in woven outerwear (BRI-NYLON, ANTRON 500), in carpets and coated fabrics (ANTRON III.).

Polyester fibers with a non-circular cross-section compared to fibers with a circular cross-section are distinguished by a different gloss and feel and a reduced pilling tendency. Thus, for example, triethylene terephthalate fibers with a triangular cross section (trilobal), respectively. with pentagonal (pentalobal) cross-section exhibit so-called mirror effects, ie they have a higher gloss - shimmering (eg Tesil

48). The lustrous and star-shaped cross-sections of the fibers have a refracted - silky sheen. We can say that the touch of fabrics is a function of the fiber profile. The trilobal cross-section of the fiber makes the product feel close to natural silk.

Some well-known types of profiled fibers:

Business name fibers Manufacturer Profile Type of fiber Use ANTRON 500 Du Pont trilobal polyamide 6.6 fabric ANTRON 90 Du Pont trilobal polyamide 6.6 knits, socks ANTRON 501 Du Pont trilobal polyamide 6.6 carpets BRI-NYLON 61 British Nylon Spinners trilobal polyamide sport, clothes, blouse, swimsuit CADON Chemstrand rouge. Profiles polyamide 6.6 blouses, jerseys, sports. ošac. HELIODOR Viscose Swice trilobal polyamide 6.6 stuffing PERLON GLITZERND ENKA-GLANZSTOFF (AKZO) trilobal polyamide 6.6 fabrics, knitted fabrics

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Several methods are used to evaluate the effectiveness of profiling - methods: degree of branching, degree of filling, degree of articulation, degree of deformation.

The profiling of synthetic fibers has promising perspectives, although the spinning process is more difficult and also more expensive (frequent nozzle fouling).

It is clear from the prior art that profiling is used primarily for polyamide and polyester fibers. To date, profiled polypropylene fibers with a special five-armed profile have not been known, which ALAE LUPULI has developed in cooperation with the fiber manufacturer.

The essence of the technical solution

The aforementioned drawbacks of the prior art are solved by fabrics containing synthetic fibers intended in particular for the production of functional underwear and sportswear exhibiting better clothing-physiological, optical and touch-up properties, according to the technical solution, the synthetic fibers being polypropylene fibers of a five-armed profile (FIG. ), wherein the polypropylene fibers can be profiled fibers of staple and / or profiled filaments in the form of silk and are dyed in the mass. The fabric comprises profiled polypropylene fibers mixed with natural and / or chemical fibers, wherein the natural fibers are cotton, wool, angora or bast fibers, and the chemical fibers are viscose and / or synthetic fibers. Viscose fibers are CLY type fibers (eg, Lyocel) and synthetic fibers are polyamide, polyester, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl chloride and / or elastomeric fibers. The fabric of the present invention may also comprise conductive steel and / or carbon fibers. The fabric is a linear formation or sheet - weft or warp knit, knitted fabric, fabric, nonwoven fabric mechanically and / or chemically bonded.

Fabrics made from such a profiled fiber exhibit better clothing physiological, optical and touch properties. This special profile of polypropylene fibers is mentioned. Creates the following fiber functional properties:

- good moisture transport

- the largest possible fiber surface

- high fiber softness,

- the largest possible capillary space.

Such profiled polypropylene fibers can be applied to fabrics containing 100% profiled polypropylene fibers or in blends with natural or chemical fibers. Cotton and / or wool fibers can be used as natural fibers. Viscose fibers of the CLY type (e.g. Lyocel) and / or synthetic fibers such as polyamide, polyester, polyvinyl chloride fibers can be used as the chemical fibers. Steel or carbon fibers can be used as conductive fibers in the blend with profiled polypropylene fibers.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The technical solution is illustrated in more detail by the schematic drawings No. 1 - 12, where Fig. 1 shows a flat fabric - knitted fabric intended mainly for sportswear and for functional underwear, Fig. 2 flat fabric - double-sided knitted fabric, Fig. 3 integrated knitted fabric with hygienic FIG. 4 shows an integrated single fabric with a hygienic layer, FIG. 5 an integrated fabric showing higher sweat transport and consisting of two layers of single-knitted fabric, FIG. 6 a pull-up single-knit fabric, FIG. a thermo-insulating capability consisting of two single knitted fabrics made on a pull-up double knitting machine and connected to each other at the bonding points; FIG. 8 a knitted fabric knitted underlay, wherein the cover thread A is spun by cotton, FIG. 9 shows another bond with threads that can be used for v manufacturing knitted fabrics or normal knitted fabrics with improved thermal insulation properties, ie.

Figure 10 shows a knitted fabric with higher sweat transport and increased thermo-insulating capability; Figure 11 is a three-layered warp knitted fabric; and Figure 12 is an expanded, special five-armed profile polypropylene fiber.

Examples of technical solutions

Example 1 (Fig. 1)

The textile fabric - a knitted fabric intended for clothing, especially sportswear and functional underwear, and whose binding is shown in Figure 1, is produced on a circular multi-system machine MAYER 18 E from a hydrophobic thread. The hydrophobic yarn is a 100% polypropylene staple fiber yarn profiled in a five-armed, dtex 3.9 and 60 mm shear. The yarn number is 25 tex.

The fabric consists of two layers of one-piece knitted fabrics, which are joined together in binding places by the eyelets of the stitches so that transverse cavities are formed between the knitted layers, or knits are knitted between the binding sites.

Example 2 (Fig. 2)

The web fabric shown in FIG. 2 is a double-sided catch knit fabric made on a circular multi-system machine METIN 18 E from a hydrophobic thread. The hydrophobic yarn is a 100% polypropylene staple fiber yarn profiled in a five-armed, dtex 3.9 and 60 mm shear. The yarn number is 25 tex. The column post X is shifted by half a column pitch to the right.

Example 3 (Fig. 3)

An integrated knitted fabric with a hygienic layer for sportswear and functional underwear and the binding of which is shown in FIG. 3 is produced on a circular multi-system knitting machine 18Z of hydrophilic and hydrophobic thread. The hydrophobic yarn 1 is a 100% polypropylene polypropylene yarn of 25 tex, spun off from a 3.9 dtex polypropylene shear, 60 mm shear length, and the hydrophilic yarn 2 is a CLY-Lyocel 15.5 tex 100% viscose yarn. The weight of the fabric ranges from 180 to 250 g / m ² . The knitted fabric consists of two layers of one-piece knitted fabrics, which are joined together in binding places by the eyelets of the stitches so that transverse cavities are formed between the knitted layers, thus knitting knits separately between the binding sites. The column post X is shifted by half a column pitch to the right.

The fabric construction is characterized in that the single-knit fabric forming the backsheet or sanitary layer and touching the skin is knitted from a polypropylene spun yarn, whereas the topsheet is made of a viscose hydrophilic yarn. Highly hydrophobic and skin-inert polypropylene staple quickly transports sweat from the skin to the hydrophilic cheek layer to form a completely dry insulating layer between the skin and the hydrophilic cheek layer. This ensures that the knitwear has favorable clothing-physiological properties. The profiled polypropylene fibers promote the transport of moisture in the sanitary layer towards the facial hydrophilic layer.

Example 4 (Fig. 4)

The integrated one-piece knitted fabric with a hygienic layer, the binding of which is shown in Fig. 4, is made on a circular multi-system machine SINGER cutting 18 E from hydrophilic yarn 2, which is cotton combed yarn 16.5 tex and knitted on the reverse side with hydrophobic thread loops 1, which is a 100% polypropylene yarn of a five-armed profile. The shear is 3.9 dtex and 60 mm shear. The yarn is 20 tex. The reverse side functions as a sanitary napkin, wherein the skin touch points are formed from the arches of the underlying loops of the aforementioned polypropylene staples and transport moisture with the skin surface into the hydrophilic cotton yarn face while providing air space between the body skin and the fabric.

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Example 5 (Fig. 5)

The integrated fabric having the higher sweat transport shown in FIG. 5 consists of two layers of single-knit fabrics, of which the so-called diffuse hygienic layer 1 is knitted from 100% polypropylene yarn. The yarn is spun out of polypropylene staple 2.9 dtex, cut length 60 mm cotton combed and number 20 tex. The cheek absorbent layer 2 is a 16.5 tex hydrophilic cotton combed yarn. The hydrophilic fibers of the absorbent layer 2 pass through the binding sites 3 on the surface of the diffusion hygienic layer where they function as absorbent wicks.

Example 5 a

The integrated fabric having a higher sweat transport as shown in FIG. 5 also consists of two layers of one-piece knitted fabric, with the absorbent absorbent layer 2 being of the hydrophilic 100% viscose CLY type (e.g., Lyocel) and also fulfilling the function of absorbent wicks.

Example 6 (Fig. 6)

The pull-up single-knit knit whose binding is shown in Fig. 6 is made on a circular multi-system knitting machine MAYER 18 E dividing from 100% polypropylene spun yarn 20 tex. The yarn is made of profiled shear with a five-armed profile of 2.9 dtex and a cutting length of 60 mm. The knitted fabric is completed on the reverse with polypropylene yarn loops 1. The reverse side functions as a sanitary napkin, wherein the skin touch points are formed from the arches of the underlying loops of the aforementioned profiled fiber polypropylene yarn and transport moisture from the body skin surface to other layers of clothing or directly into the airspace when the knitwear serves as the sole garment. E.g. undershirt in summer.

Example 7 (Fig. 7)

The integrated knitted fabric with a higher thermo-insulating capability consists of two single knitted fabrics made on a pull-up double-knitting machine and connected to each other at the bonding points. The knitting can be joined by a row of double-sided catch loops, or by individual catch loops, as shown in Fig. 7, or by individual loops or groups of double-loops. For knitting the back layer of the integrated knitted fabric, yarn A is spun out of 100% polypropylene 3.9 dtex staple profiled with a five-armed profile with a 60 mm cutting length. The yarn is spun with a cotton twist of 21 tex x 2. The woven fabric of the integrated fabric is knitted from a hydrophilic thread B, i.e. a higher wool yarn or a 100% cotton or viscose yarn yarn designed to remove moisture from the backsheet closer to the body, to the surface of the fabric where it evaporates. On the principle of this bond, a 100% polypropylene staple fabric can also be produced - profiled with a five-armed profile. Example 8 (Fig. 8)

For integrated knitted fabrics with improved thermo-insulating capability, it is possible to use yarn bonds that can be made on weft knitting machines. These are, for example, covered bonds. Fig. 8 shows a knitted fabric in a backing cover, where the cover thread A is spun in a 25 tex cotton method of 100% 3.9 dtex polypropylene stapled with a five-armed profile with a 60 mm cut length. This yarn creates underlaid sections that fill the underside of the knit and increase its thermal insulation ability. The covered thread B contains hydrophilic fibers that absorb moisture. Or, the covered thread B also contains a yarn of 100% polypropylene staple as yarn A. In this case, yarn B does not absorb moisture, but passes - transports it to the outer garment or to the air.

Example 9 (Fig. 9)

FIG. 9 shows another yarn bond which can be used to manufacture integrated knitted fabric or normal knitted fabric with improved thermoinsulation properties, i.e., plush loop knitting. The basic single-knit fabric constituting the facing layer is made of yarns comprising

Hydrophilic fibers B whose function is to absorb and subsequently evaporate moisture. Plush loops A create a backing layer in the knit. They are made of 100% polypropylene, 3.9 dtex yarn and 60 mm cut with a five-tex 20 tex x profile.

2. Plush loops A form a soft, sufficiently dense layer with very good thermal insulation properties. Even in this case, it is possible to use as the thread B from hydrophobic fibers, i.e. the polypropylene fibers.

Example 10 (Fig. 10)

Fig. 10 shows an integrated knitted fabric showing higher sweat transport and increased thermo-insulating ability. The fabric is a double-braided knitted fabric such that the face side of the single-knit fabric is made of a hydrophilic thread B of cotton, wool or viscose yarn. The backing yarns A are the yarns of 100% polypropylene staple 3.9 and 60 mm shear, 70 tex x 2 fineness. The polypropylene staple is profiled with a five-armed profile. Further improvement of the thermo-insulating properties of the knitted fabric can be achieved by combing the reverse side with the filling threads.

Example 11 (Fig. 11)

Fig. 11 shows the laying of a three-layer warp knit. The first layer is woven in the underlayed cloth B, the second layer in the weave of the tricot C. In both of these laying, hydrophilic threads are used. On the reverse side of the knitting are loops A formed by weft laying of the intermediate laying apparatus, in which a hydrophobic polypropylene yarn is threaded

25 tex x 2 cotton-spun polypropylene yarn, 3.9 dtex, 5-armed profiled, 60 mm cut. The loops form a thermal insulation layer. To increase the thermal insulation effect, the knitted fabric can be easily brushed on the reverse side.

Example 12 (Fig. 12)

Fig. 12 is a photomicrograph of polypropylene fibers of an elongated, special five-armed profile.

Industrial usability

Fabrics made of profiled polypropylene fibers exhibiting better clothing-physiological, optical and touch-like properties are particularly useful for the production of functional clothing, especially linen and clothing for sports and leisure. Improves wearing comfort and protects athletes' health.

Claims (11)

30 PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS 1. A textile comprising synthetic fibers, intended in particular for the manufacture of functional underwear and sportswear, exhibiting improved garment-physiological, optical and contact properties, characterized in that the synthetic fibers are polypropylene fibers of a five-arm profile. 35 2. The fabric comprising the synthetic fibers of claim 1, wherein the polypropylene fibers are profiled staple fibers. The fabric comprising the synthetic fibers of claim 1, wherein the polypropylene fibers are profiled filaments in the form of silk. -5 CZ 10339 Ul Fabric comprising synthetic fibers according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, characterized in that the profiled polypropylene fibers are dyed in the mass. Fabric comprising synthetic fibers according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, characterized in that the fabric comprises profiled polypropylene fibers mixed with natural and / or chemical fibers. 6. The fabric comprising the synthetic fibers of claim 5, wherein the natural fibers are cotton, wool, angora or bast fibers. The fabric comprising the synthetic fibers according to claim 5, characterized in that the chemical fibers are viscose fibers and / or synthetic fibers. ío The fabric comprising the synthetic fibers according to claim 7, characterized in that the viscose fibers are CLY fibers of eg Lyocel. 9. A fabric comprising synthetic fibers according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, characterized in that the synthetic fibers are polyamide, polyester, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl chloride and / or elastomeric. 15 Dec Fabric comprising synthetic fibers according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, characterized in that it comprises conductive steel and / or carbon fibers. Fabric comprising synthetic fibers according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, characterized in that the fabric is a linear-thread or flat-fabric-weft or warp knit, knitted fabric, fabric, non-woven fabric mechanically and / or chemically 20 connected.