CS277237B6 - Working waste from the preparation and treatment of magnesium nitrate - Google Patents
Working waste from the preparation and treatment of magnesium nitrate Download PDFInfo
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- CS277237B6 CS277237B6 CS903416A CS341690A CS277237B6 CS 277237 B6 CS277237 B6 CS 277237B6 CS 903416 A CS903416 A CS 903416A CS 341690 A CS341690 A CS 341690A CS 277237 B6 CS277237 B6 CS 277237B6
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Abstract
Riešenie sa zaoberá spracovaním pevných odpadov výroby a úpravy dusičnanu horečnatého miesením s mletým dolomitom alebo magnezitom v hmotnostnom pomere 1:2 až 1:6. Získaná hmota sa podrobí dehydratácii, na čo sa samostatné alebo s přísadou dalších ingredientov ako mletý dolomit, magnezit, dusičnan amónny, síran amonný, síran železnatý, zgranuluje na dusíkaté hnojivo. Uvedeným spósobom sa rieši ekonomické spracovanie ekologického odpadu z procesu výroby dusičnanu horečnatého.The solution deals with solid processing production and treatment of magnesium nitrate blending with ground dolomite or magnesite in a weight ratio of 1: 2 to 1: 6th The mass obtained is dehydrated, what to do with or with an additive other ingredients like ground dolomite magnesite, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, iron sulphate granulates to nitrogenous fertilizer. In this way, it is solved economically processing of organic waste from the production process of magnesium nitrate.
Description
Vynález sa týká spracovania kalov vznikájúcich pri výrobě a úpravě roztoku dusičnanu horečnatého.The invention relates to the treatment of sludges formed during the production and treatment of a magnesium nitrate solution.
Doteraz známe postupy přípravy roztoku dusičnanu, respektive chloridu horečnatého pre výrobu hydroxidu horečnatého vychádzajú z principu neutralizácie horečnatéj soli kyselinou. Lúžením horečnatej suroviny kyselinou solnou vzniká chlorid horečnatý a odpadá přitom kyslý kal s vysokým obsahom chloridov. Tento kal ekologicky velmi zařazuje technologický proces, pretože jeho využitie je obtiažne.The hitherto known processes for the preparation of a solution of nitrate or magnesium chloride for the production of magnesium hydroxide are based on the principle of neutralization of the magnesium salt with acid. Leaching of the magnesium raw material with hydrochloric acid produces magnesium chloride and eliminates the acid sludge with a high chloride content. This sludge ecologically classifies the technological process very much, because its use is difficult.
Použitím kyseliny na lúženie horečnatej suroviny vzniká roztok dusičnanu horečnatého a nerozpustné podřely z jeho přípravy a úpravy, v podstatě hydroxid železa, hydroxid hliníka, hydroxid mangánu, nerozložený uhličitan horečnatý s obsahom dusičnanu horečnatého, dusičnanu vápenatého, dusičnanu amonného, ktoré je možno využit s výhodou ako přísadu do kompostov, keďže takáto skladba je pre takýto spósob spracovania vhodná.The use of an acid to leach magnesium feedstock produces a magnesium nitrate solution and insoluble fractions from its preparation and treatment, essentially iron hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, manganese hydroxide, undecomposed magnesium carbonate containing magnesium nitrate, calcium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, which can be used advantageously. as an additive to composts, as such a composition is suitable for such a method of processing.
Tento postup sice zabezpečuje vznik v praxi nerealizovatelného kalu vyhovujúceho riešeniu ekologie i pre účely kompostovánia, avšak intenzifikovaním procesu, zvyšováním produkcie dusičnanu horečnatého, respektive hydroxidu horečnatého, vystupujú problémy tohoto riešenia bilančným nárastom vzniku týchto kalov. Tieto nevýhody súvisia so zvyšováním nárokov na dopravu z miesta vzniku do lokality kompostovania o přepravné náklady, narastá i množstvo strát dusíka z procesu výroby dusičnanu horečnatého, a tým zhoršenie hospodárnosti procesu. .Although this procedure ensures the formation of unrealizable sludge suitable for the solution of ecology for composting purposes, by intensifying the process, increasing the production of magnesium nitrate or magnesium hydroxide, the problems of this solution are due to a balance increase in the formation of these sludges. These disadvantages are related to the increase in transport requirements from the place of origin to the composting site by transport costs, and the amount of nitrogen losses from the magnesium nitrate production process is increasing, and thus the process economy is deteriorating. .
V principe je možné uvedený kal podrobit dehydratácii a uplatnit ho ako přísadu pri výrobě priemyselných hnojiv. Táto cesta prepracovania je však obtiažna, vzhladom na konzistenciu kalu, jeho tixotropný a lepivý charakter a tým i transportně problémy; ako aj sklon k inkrustácii. Uvedená skutočnost spósobuje obtiažne riešenie technologickéj úpravy, za súčasného dosiahnutia minimálnej energetickej a maximálnej ekonomickej hospodárnosti dehydratačného procesu i technického riešenia.In principle, it is possible to dehydrate said sludge and use it as an additive in the production of industrial fertilizers. However, this process of reprocessing is difficult, due to the consistency of the sludge, its thixotropic and sticky nature and thus transport problems; as well as a tendency to encrust. This fact causes a difficult solution of technological modification, while achieving minimum energy and maximum economic efficiency of the dehydration process and technical solution.
Ukázalo sa, že uvedený problém je možné riešit spósobom podlá vynálezu, podstatou krotého je, že na nerozložené zbytky magnezitu a/alebo dolomitu a/alebo na vyzrážaný kal z rafinácie surového roztoku dusičnanu horečnatého sa pósobí mletým dolomitem a/alebo magnezitom v hmotnostnom pomere 1:2 až 1:6 a/alebo síranom amonným, pričom podiel velkosti častíc dolomitu a/alebo magnezitu a/alebo síranu amonného je 100 % pod 0,3 mm.It has been shown that this problem can be solved by the process according to the invention, the essence of the tame being that the undecomposed magnesite and / or dolomite residues and / or the precipitated sludge from the refining of the crude magnesium nitrate solution are treated with ground dolomite and / or magnesite in a weight ratio of 1. : 2 to 1: 6 and / or ammonium sulphate, the proportion of the particle size of dolomite and / or magnesite and / or ammonium sulphate being 100% below 0.3 mm.
. Týmto spósobom sa podstatné zmenia fyzikálno - chemické vlastnosti kalu, čím sa získá lahko manipulovatelná až sypká hmota. Vylepší sa tým nielen manipulovatelnosi:, ale i transport, pretože spracovávaný materiál strati mazlavý charakter a nedochádza pri jeho ďalšom spracovávaní dehydratáciou k inkrustácii zariadenia.. In this way, the physico - chemical properties of the sludge are significantly changed, resulting in an easy - to - handle and free - flowing mass. This not only improves the maneuverability, but also the transport, because the material to be processed loses its greasy character and does not increment the device during its further processing by dehydration.
Takto upravený kal je možné priamo použiř v ďalšom kroku na výrobu dusíkatého hnojivá granuláciou s následnou dehydratáciou sušením.The sludge thus treated can be used directly in the next step for the production of nitrogen fertilizer by granulation followed by dehydration by drying.
Takto možno pri prvom spracovávaní kalu z výroby . a úpravy dusičnanu horečnatého vylúčiť operáciu sušenia, ktorá by inak bola nutná, čo následné znižuje investičnú náročnost pri zachovaní primeranej ekonomiky procesu sušenia za súčasného odstránenia technologických ťažkostí, ktoré by vznikli pri priamom spracovaní odpadajúcich kalov.This is possible during the first processing of sludge from production. and treatment of magnesium nitrate to eliminate a drying operation that would otherwise be necessary, which in turn reduces the investment burden while maintaining a reasonable economy of the drying process while eliminating the technological difficulties that would arise from the direct treatment of waste sludge.
Příklad prevedenia 1Example of design 1
10Ó kg kalu z výroby a úpravy roztoku dusičnanu horečnatého sa zmiešalo s 200 kg mletého dolomitu, čím sa získala homogenizovatelná sypká zmes. K zmesi sa přidalo 17,5 kg síranu amonného a po premiešaní sa hmota podrobila sušeniu pri teplote 120 °C po dobu 1 hodiny. Takto upravená hmota sa spolu s 1 490 kg dusičnanu amonného, 42 kg síranu amonného a 45,5 kg síranu železnatého podrobila granulácií. Granulát sa po dosušení odtriedil, povrchovo upravil prídavkom 5,7 kg oleja a 42 kg pudru za vzniku granulovaného amidického hnojivá s obsahom 27,8 % hmotnostných dusíka.10 kg of sludge from the production and treatment of the magnesium nitrate solution was mixed with 200 kg of ground dolomite to obtain a homogenizable loose mixture. 17.5 kg of ammonium sulfate was added to the mixture, and after stirring, the mass was subjected to drying at 120 ° C for 1 hour. The mass thus treated, together with 1,490 kg of ammonium nitrate, 42 kg of ammonium sulphate and 45.5 kg of ferrous sulphate, was subjected to granulation. After drying, the granulate was separated, surface-treated by adding 5.7 kg of oil and 42 kg of powder to give a granular amide fertilizer containing 27.8% by weight of nitrogen.
Příklad prevedenia 2 100 kg kalu z výroby a úpravy roztoku dusičnanu horečnatého sa zmiešalo s 300 kg mletého dolomitu a 17,5 kg síranu amonného, čím sa získala homogenizovatelná sypká zmes. Zmes sa podrobila sušeniu pri teplote 120 °C po dobu 1 hodiny. Takto upravená hmota sa spolu s 1 935 kg dusičnanu amonného, 55,7 kg síranu amonného a 61 kg síranu železnatého podrobila granulácii. Granulát sa po dosušení odtriedil, povrchovo upravil prídavkom 55,7 kg púdru a 7,5 kg oleja za vzniku granulovaného amidického hnojivá s obsahom 27,7 % hmotnostných dusíka.Exemplary Embodiment 2,100 kg of sludge from the production and treatment of magnesium nitrate solution was mixed with 300 kg of ground dolomite and 17.5 kg of ammonium sulfate to obtain a homogenizable free-flowing mixture. The mixture was dried at 120 ° C for 1 hour. The mass thus treated, together with 1,935 kg of ammonium nitrate, 55.7 kg of ammonium sulfate and 61 kg of ferrous sulfate, was subjected to granulation. After drying, the granulate was separated, surface-treated by adding 55.7 kg of powder and 7.5 kg of oil to give a granular amide fertilizer containing 27.7% by weight of nitrogen.
Příklad prevedenia 3Example of design 3
100 kg kalu z výroby a úpravy roztoku dusičnanu horečnatého sa zmiešalo so 400 kg mletého dolomitu, čím sa získala homogenizovatelná sypká zmes. K zmesi sa přidalo 17,5 kg síranu amonného a po premiešaní sa hmota podrobila sušeniu pri teplote 120 °C po dobu 1 hodiny. Takto upravená hmota sa spolu s 2 610 kg dusičnanu amonného, 74 kg síranu amonného a 80 kg síranu železnatého podrobila granulácií. Granulát sa po dosušení odtriedil, povrchovo upravil prídavkom 10 kg oleja a 74 kg púdru za vzniku granulovaného amidického hnojivá s obsahom 27,6 hmotnostných % dusíka.100 kg of sludge from the production and treatment of the magnesium nitrate solution was mixed with 400 kg of ground dolomite to obtain a homogenizable loose mixture. 17.5 kg of ammonium sulfate was added to the mixture, and after stirring, the mass was subjected to drying at 120 ° C for 1 hour. The mass thus treated, together with 2,610 kg of ammonium nitrate, 74 kg of ammonium sulphate and 80 kg of ferrous sulphate, was subjected to granulation. After drying, the granulate was separated, surface-treated by adding 10 kg of oil and 74 kg of powder to give a granular amide fertilizer containing 27.6% by weight of nitrogen.
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CS903416A CS277237B6 (en) | 1990-07-11 | 1990-07-11 | Working waste from the preparation and treatment of magnesium nitrate |
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CS903416A CS277237B6 (en) | 1990-07-11 | 1990-07-11 | Working waste from the preparation and treatment of magnesium nitrate |
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CS277237B6 true CS277237B6 (en) | 1992-12-16 |
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