CS269676B1 - Lubricating oil for aviation piston engines - Google Patents

Abstract

The subject of the solution is lubricating oil for aviation pieat engines based on base. base oil of paraffinic or paraffin-sulfur petroleum feedstock. The oil consists of hydrogenation and / or adoration refined dewaxed 1 and ruthenium and optionally propane raffinate and refining; field agents improving antioxidant, i detergent-dispersant, greasy, viable and low temperature vlaatnoati. Oil. formulated according to the present invention; It is an ICAO y test of 155 hours + 145 hours superstructures of semi-high-speed modes on a full-size M 462 RP engine that is airline organizations require prior to implementation oil into use.

Description

The invention aa relates to a lubricating oil composition for aircraft piston engines, which consists of oil components obtained from paraffinic or paraffinic-sulfur petroleum feedstock prepared by conventional technological processes, and ashless detergents providing detergent-dispersing, antioxidant, viscosity, lubricating and other functional properties. The oil prepared according to the invention is particularly suitable for the lubrication of aircraft piston engines of various constructions, as well as for the lubrication of other machinery and apparatus where a low ash circulation in the lubricating oil is required.

It is known that aircraft piston engines require, among other things, high-quality lubricating oil to ensure trouble-free and efficient operation, which will also maintain the required functional and performance characteristics even at local high temperatures and pressures occurring in engines of such design. Lubricating oil for aircraft engines must have a detergent-dispersant, good oxidation-thermal stability, the ability to maintain its viscosity 1 at high shear stresses, as well as the ability to protect frictional engine parts from wear. Aircraft piston engines also contain parts made of non-ferrous metals and their alloys, which the used oil must not corrode. The lubricating oil for aircraft piston engines is subject to the important and specific requirement that the oil which enters the combustion chamber of the piston burn without leaving any substances which would act as sources of spark ignition. This requirement stems from the design of the aircraft pieette engine, * and it has been found that failure to do so disrupts the engine's mode of operation, with all the ensuing consequences. '*

Said desired properties of lubricating oil for aircraft piston engines are achieved by using a suitable, carefully selected type of naphthenic structure-type petroleum oil obtained from special types of petroleum, or by adding naphthenic oils with suitable additives to increase functional performance. For example, USSR * MS-20 oil, which is used to lubricate aircraft plastic engines, is a non-additive oil from a Special Petroleum feedstock. Stocks of special types of crude oil, which after fracturing will provide directly lubricating oil for aircraft piston engines, are very limited in the world. For this purpose, naphthenic-type petroleum base oils additive with suitable additives are used to lubricate aircraft piecket engines. In general, detergent and dispersant additives, antioxidants, lubricants, anticorrosants, viscosity index improvers and antifoam additives of a correct chemical composition and after dosing are used. In addition to the requirement to ensure the required quality, functional and performance characteristics, additives are also required for safety. Το _χ means that they cannot contain metal atoms which, when burned by oil composition, give ash.

It has been found that it is possible, after suitable addition, to prepare a lubricating oil for aircraft piston engines based on paraffinic and sulfur-paraffinic base oil components. .

According to the present invention, a base oil of the desired viscosity, composed of components of the stated origin, is added with ashless detergent-dispersant additives, anti-. oxidants, lubricants, anticorrosants, viscosity index improvers, thickeners, suds suppressors, preferably with multifunctional additives.

The base oil for lubricating oils for aircraft piston engines in an amount of 78.2 to 98.2999% by weight, preferably in an amount of 80.89 to 95.79% by weight, is a mixture of hydrogenation and / or adsorption refined, dewaxed, selective and / or propane. oil raffinates spirits obtained z'parafinicko-sulfur and / or paraffinic oil having a kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C for 5-35 mm .s, preferably 10-27 mm .3 ^- \ viscosity index of at least 70, preferably at least 80, a flash point of at least 190 ° C, preferably at least 205 ° C, a solidification temperature of at most -2 ° C, preferably at most -8 ° C.

According to the invention, 1 to 15% by weight, preferably 3 to 13% by weight of ashless additives are used as detergent-dispersing additives in lubricating oil for aircraft piston engines. Mannich bases with active ingredient O-acyltetraethylenepentaaminome 9 to 280 carbon atoms in the alkyl group preferably b content of borate complex in an amount of up to 0.30% by weight and / or monosuccinimide and / or bis-euccinimide eo 4 to 28 carbon atoms in the alkyl groups preferably b content of boron in an amount up to 0.30% by weight.

To ensure the desired oxidative stability of the mixture, 0.3 to 3.4 5% by weight, preferably 0.6 to 3.1 1% by weight, of ash-free antioxidants - mono, di, trialkylphenolates and / or bis- mono, dl, trialkylphenolates and / or mono, di, trialkylaromatic amines, which are also anticorrosants and / or dialkyldithiocarbamates, which also have lubricating properties, where all additives contain 1 to 28 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain.

To modify the viscosity and improve the viscosity index as well as the pour point of the airborne piston engine of the present invention, ashless viscosity modifiers and viscosity index improvers are used, some with depressive properties of 0.4 to 3.3% by weight, preferably 0%. , 6-3 weight polyalkyl j of a molecular weight of 600 to 1.5 - 10 preferably ¹⁰ with the contents of dueíka množsve hmotnestnéhe to 0.5% and / or a molecular etyrénbutadlénových kepolymérov hmotnoeťou 1000-1000000 comprising up to 80 weight percent styrene.

To control foaming, 0.0001 to 0.1% by weight, preferably 0.001 to 0.01% by weight, of a foaming control additive of the polymethylsiloxane and / or polymethylphenylsiloxane type having a molecular weight of 200 to 150,000 is used in the breast lubricating oil of aircraft piston engines according to the invention. .

Formulations containing said base oils and declared additives in amounts giving the possibility of their synergistic application are suitable for lubricating aircraft piston engines which are used to power agricultural, sport and other types of aircraft operating in the Arctic, temperate and tropical geographical areas. For illustration, an example of a lubricating oil composition for aircraft piston engines is given, but does not limit the scope of the invention.

Example

An oil composition consisting of 68.3% by weight of a hydrotreated, dewaxed selective raffinate of a petroleum oil distillate with a kinematic viscosity of 15.6 mm / s "! at 100, VI 85, flash point 230 DEG C. and a setting point 8 ° C, of 18.7 wt hydrogenase d £ © refined, dewaxed raffinate selective lube oil of kinematic viscosity of 11.7 mm / s ^- ^ in 100 DEG C.,. % by weight of Mannich base complex (O - acetyltetraethylenepentaaminoethyl-p-polybutylphenol) with an average molecular weight of 3250, from 1.8% by weight of mono and alkylaluminum amines with 12 to 16 carbon km / l in the alkyl chain, from 2% by weight of alkylsuccinimide with 16 carbon atoms, from 1.9% by weight of alkyl thiothiocarbamate with alkyl of 14 to 18 carbon atoms, from 1.6% by weight of polymethacrylate having a molecular weight of about 1500, from 0.5% by weight of a styrene-butadiene copolymer having a molecular weight of about 30 00 and from a trace amount (0.001% by weight) of methylphenylsilicone oil, has the following characteristics:

kin. viscosity at 40 DEG C. 269.50 mm ^ .a ^- ^ · cinema. viscosity at 100 ° C 22.38 mm ^ .B ^- ^ viscosity index 101 solidification temperature -30 ° C ash content 0.024% hnu

Said composition successfully passes the test on a full-size aircraft piston engine K 462 RP, which consists of 155 hours of standard ICAO skid and 145 hours of superstructure of agricultural regimes. These pitches require aeronautical organizations before introducing oil into air traffic.

Claims (6)

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION 1. Lubricating oil for aircraft piston engines, characterized in that it consists of 78.2 to 98.2999% by weight of a mixture of hydrotreated and / or adsorbed refined, dewaxed, selective and / or propane raffinates of oil distillators obtained from paraffinic and / or paraffinic of sulfur oil with a kinematic viscosity at ICO ° C of 5 to 35 mm ² . e ^-1 , viscosity index at least 70, flash point at least 190 ° C, solidification temperature at most -2 ° C: from 1 to 15% by weight of ashless detergent dispersants as Mannich bases with active ingredient O-aoyltetraethylenepentaaminomethyl-p-polybutylphenol with 9 up to 280 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and / or monoalkylsuccinimide and / or bis-alkylsuccinimide, both compounds having 4 to 28 carbon atoms in the alkyl groups; from 0.3 to 3.4% by weight of ashless antioxidants such as mono, di, trialkylphenolates and / or bis-mono, di, trialkylphenolates and / or mono, di, trialkyaromatic amines and / or dialkyldithiocarbamates, which at the same time have lubricating properties, all of which said antioxidant compounds contain 1 to 28 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain; from 0.4 to 3.3% by weight of ashless viscosity modifiers and viscosity index improvers such as polyalkyl methacrylates having a molecular weight of 60 to 1.5. 10% and / or styrene-butadiene copolymers with a molecular weight of 1000 to 1,000,000 and a content of 40 to 80% by weight of styrene; and 0.0001 to 0.1% by weight of a polymethylsiloxane and / or polymethylphenylsiloxane foaming additive having a molecular weight of 200 to 150,000. 2. Lubricating oil for aircraft pieet engines according to item 1, characterized in that it preferably contains 80.83 to 95.79% by weight of base oil with a kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. 10.0 to 27.0 mm. s ”, a viscosity index of at least 80, a flash point of at least 205 ^° C and a solidification temperature of at most -8 ° C. 3. The lubricating oil for aircraft piston engines according to item 1, characterized in that it preferably contains a detergent dispersant in an amount of 3.0 to 13% by weight, the detergent dispersants preferably containing boron in an amount of up to 0.3% by weight. 4. Lubricating oil for aircraft piston engines according to item 1, characterized in that it preferably contains ashless antioxidants in an amount of 0.6 to 3.1% by weight. 5. A lubricating oil for aircraft piston engines according to item 1, characterized in that it preferably contains ashless viscosity modifiers and viscosity index improvers in an amount of 0.6 to 3% by weight, with viscosity modifiers and viscosity index improvers and depressant properties being preferred. with a nitrogen content of up to 0,5% by weight. 6. A lubricating oil for aircraft piston engines according to item 1, characterized in that it contains preferred suds suppressors in an amount of 0.001 to 0.01% by weight.