CS260045B1 - Method of variant production from zinc oxide - Google Patents
Method of variant production from zinc oxide Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CS260045B1 CS260045B1 CS857533A CS753385A CS260045B1 CS 260045 B1 CS260045 B1 CS 260045B1 CS 857533 A CS857533 A CS 857533A CS 753385 A CS753385 A CS 753385A CS 260045 B1 CS260045 B1 CS 260045B1
- Authority
- CS
- Czechoslovakia
- Prior art keywords
- oxide
- zinc oxide
- mole
- nph
- sintering
- Prior art date
Links
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims 8
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 title claims 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000416 bismuth oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims 1
- TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibismuth;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Bi+3].[Bi+3] TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- OLTSGVZGKOFTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P Chemical compound P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P OLTSGVZGKOFTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101100397240 Arabidopsis thaliana ISPD gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 101150096418 Mepe gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241001454372 Onoba Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 101150115538 nero gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
- H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
- H01C7/105—Varistor cores
- H01C7/108—Metal oxide
- H01C7/112—ZnO type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C17/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors
- H01C17/30—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors adapted for baking
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
Description
-1-1
KomShhst ΦΕΒ KBX Π 1071 ΗΠΚ: Η 01 C, 7/1019.9.1984 r.KomShhst ΦΕΒ KBX Π 1071 ΗΠΚ: Η 01 C, 7 / 1019.9.1984 r.
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OfijiaCTh πρΗΜβΗβΗΗΗ H306peTeHHH H3o6peTeHHe pacnpocTpaHneTCH Ha ΜβτοΑ Η3ΓοτοΒπβΗΗΗ αηηκοκοηαηογο BapncTopa,npeflHasHaqeHHoro nnft hhskhx SKCnnyaTaflHOHHbix HanpH®eHnií, b nacTHocTH HHxe20 B, COCTOHmerO H3 flHHKOKCHflHOrO OCHOBHOTO BemeCTBa C He6ojIblHHM KOJlHHeCT-BOM OKCHfla BHCMyTa Η RoGftBKaMH flpyrHX OKCHROB, ΠΟ KGpaMHHeCKOH ΤβΧΗΟΠΟΓΗΗ,T.e. CMemHBaHHeM, npeccoBanneM η οπβκβΗΗβΜ.OfijiaCTh πρΗΜβΗβΗΗΗ H306peTeHHH H3o6peTeHHe pacnpocTpaHneTCH Ha ΜβτοΑ Η3ΓοτοΒπβΗΗΗ αηηκοκοηαηογο BapncTopa, npeflHasHaqeHHoro nnft hhskhx SKCnnyaTaflHOHHbix HanpH®eHnií b nacTHocTH HHxe20 B COCTOHmerO H3 flHHKOKCHflHOrO OCHOBHOTO BemeCTBa C He6ojIblHHM KOJlHHeCT-BOM OKCHfla BHCMyTa Η RoGftBKaMH flpyrHX OKCHROB, ΠΟ KGpaMHHeCKOH ΤβΧΗΟΠΟΓΗΗ, T. E. CMemHBaHHeM, npeccoBanneM η οπβκβΗΗβΜ.
XapaKTepHCTHKa HSBecTHbix TexHHHecKHX pemeHHň H3BecTHo, hto Kapxac peaHCTopa αηηκοκοηαημχ BapneropoB coctoht H3 cneneHHoroOKCHfla flHHKa c npHMecHMH okchrob flpyrHX MfiTajinoB, nocKOJibKy aepHa OKCHfla .·;flHHxa caMH HMewT hhcto JiHHeňHyio BonbTaMnepHyio xapaKTepHCTHKy (BAX), b toBpeMfl KaK npoMexyTOHHbie $a3bi, oCpaayeMMe H3 npyrHx okchrob, oTjiHqaioTCHSoJibmHM oMHnecKHM conpoTHBJíeHneM. ToflbKo TaM, rfle sepHa OKCHfla flHHKa Henoc-peflCTBeHHo CTanKHBaioTCH flpyr c flpyroM, npH cnexaHHH o6pa3yioTCH sjíeKTpmiec-κηθ Ďapbepbi, fleftcTByromne b xanecTBe MHKpoBapHCTopa c nafleHHeM HanpíraceHHH bAHana30He ot 1 flo 4 B Ha oflHH Gapbep npH 1 mA. Ha nocjiefloBaTenbHoro h na-pajinenbHoro BKjnoneHHH tbkhx MHKposapHCTopoB pe3yjrbTHpyroT ajiekTpHnecKHeCBoftCTBa flHHKOKCHflHOrO BapHCTOpa.XapaKTepHCTHKa HSBecTHbix TexHHHecKHX pemeHHň H3BecTHo, HTO Kapxac peaHCTopa αηηκοκοηαημχ BapneropoB coctoht H3 cneneHHoroOKCHfla flHHKa c npHMecHMH okchrob flpyrHX MfiTajinoB, nocKOJibKy aepHa OKCHfla. ·; FlHHxa Camhi HMewT hhcto JiHHeňHyio BonbTaMnepHyio xapaKTepHCTHKy (BAX) b toBpeMfl KaK npoMexyTOHHbie $ a3bi, oCpaayeMMe H3 npyrHx okchrob, oTjiHqaioTCHSoJibmHM oMHnecKHM conpoTHBJeHneM. ToflbKo there rfle Seph OKCHfla flHHKa Henoc-peflCTBeHHo CTanKHBaioTCH flpyr c flpyroM, NPH cnexaHHH o6pa3yioTCH sjíeKTpmiec-κηθ Ďapbepbi, fleftcTByromne b xanecTBe MHKpoBapHCTopa c nafleHHeM HanpíraceHHH bAHana30He rev 1 4 B Flo Ha oflHH Gapbep NPH 1 mA. Ha nocjiefloBaTenbHoro h na-pajinenbHoro BKjnoneHHH tbkhx MHKposapHCTopoB pe3yjrbTHpyroT ajiekTpHnecKHeCBoftCTBa flHHKOKCHflHOrO BapHCTOpa.
TaKHM oSpaaoM, 3KcnnyaTaflHOHHbie HanpHMéHHH HHace 20 B Tpe6yroT BapncTopoB toji-mmoň οκοπο 0,1 mm, HHRHBHflyanbHoe HsroTOBneHHe h onpeflejieHHe nonycKOB koto-pbix fljia onpefleneHHoň ΒΑΧ πρβηοτβΒ,ΠΗβτ eoJibmne TpyflHocTH. ΚροΜβ okchrob BHCMyTa, a Taxxe oKckflOB MapraHfla, xpoMa, THTaHa, ηηκθπη, ko- 6anbTa, θητημοηβ h onoBa H3BeereH flenbiň pHfl flpyrHX okchaob, AoGaBJíHeMbix κ 260045 -2- oKCHny unHKa b KojinnecTBe npHMepHo ot 0,05 ρ,ο 10 moji.Z (DE 18 02 453). H3-ΓοτοΒΠβΗΗβ ocymecTBJíHeTCH no KepaMuraeCKoň TexHonornn cMemHBaHHeM, npeccoBa-HHeM h cneKaHHeM, npmeM nacŤHHHO TpefíyroTCH ιιηκλμ TepMoo6pa6oTKH nponojixH-TenbHOCTbio 6ojibme 10-th nacoB h BecbMa MenneHHoe oxjiaxneHHe (DE 26 42 567)hjih xe oqeHb Me&neHHt>iň HarpeB h BbwepxKa TeMnepaTypa cneKaHHH, nponojixaroma-nca HecKoJibKO nacoB (DE 29 18 991). IIojiyneHHe BapncTopoB c hhbkhmh 3HaneHH-hmh HanpaxeHHH ocymecTBJíHeTcn H3 KpynH03epHncTbix chctcm MaTepnajioB (DD150 126), coflepxamnx He MeHee 6-th H3 nepenHCJieHhbix jierHpyKMUHX npHMeceň,np.HqeM npHMeHeHHe oKcnna aHTHMOHa h oKCHna ojiOBa BapbHpyeTCH b 33bhchmocthot cooTBeTCTByioinero Tuna HanpHxeHHH. CncTeMa MaTepnajioB no hx napaMeTpaMpaccnHTaHbí Ha BecbMa orpaHHqeHHbiň nnanasoH πρΗΜβΗβΗΗΗ; htsk, «3 οβηογοMaTepwana MoryT H3roTaBjiHBaTbCH Bcerna tojibko flBa hjih tph THna. CHHweHHeM3KcnnyaTauHOHHoro HanpnxeHHH b B03pacTaion?eň Mfipe βο3ηηκηιοτ CHjibHbie paccen-B3HHH HeJIHHeňHOCTH H OTHOmeHHH HanpaXeHKH γΤβΗΚΗ, HH3KHe 3Η3ΗβΗΗΗ ΗβΠΗΗβϋ-hocth d h He6jiaronpHHTHbie oTHomeHHH orpaHHqeiiHH. 3to yKa3biBaeT Ha cnjibHoeBJiHHHHe cTaTHCTHKH paaMepa sepen hjih óapbepoB b stom yqacTKe ηηπρηχθηηη.fljIH H3rOTOBJieHHH BapHCTOpOB C SKCTpeMaJIbHO HH3KHMH 3KCnJiyaTaipiOHHbIMH HanpH-X6HHHMH HCnOJIb3yiOT CHCTeMbl MaTepH3JIOB 6e3 OJIOBa H aHTHMOHa, ΠΡΗΗΘΜ πρΗΜβΗβ-ηηθμ KpHCTajuiHnecKHx 3apoflbnneň nocTHraeTCH nojiyqeHHe KpaňHe ĎojibinHX 3epeH,(npH6ji. 200 mkm), XOTH yCTOňHHBOCTb xapaKTepHCTHKH T3KHX BapHCTOpOB npH HarpySKe nOCTOHHHblMtokom npH ycjioBHH, hto P = const (b flajihHeňmeM τβκοτβ coKpameHHo o6o3HanaeT-cá KaK ycToflnHBocTb xapaKTepncTHKH npn Harpysxe ποοτοηηηημ tokom), oueHHBa-eTCjt OTHocHTejibHo xopoino, npH HMnyjibCHoň HarpysKe npoHCxopHT BecbMa CHJibHoeCTapeHHe .xapaKTepncTHKH b yqacTKe hh3Khx tokob,TaKHM oSpaaoM, 3KcnnyaTaflHOHHbie HanpHMéHHH HHace 20 B Tpe6yroT BapncTopoB toji-moo οκοπο 0.1mm, HHRHBHflyanbHoe HsroTOBneHHe h onpeflejieHHe nonycKOB koto-pbix fljia onpefleneHHo ňΑΧ πρβηοτβΒ, ΠΗβτ eoJibmne TpyflHocTH. ΚροΜβ okchrob BHCMyTa and taxxi oKckflOB MapraHfla, xpoMa, THTaHa, ηηκθπη, co- 6anbTa, θητημοηβ h onoBa H3BeereH flenbiň pHfl flpyrHX okchaob, AoGaBJíHeMbix κ 260,045 -2- oKCHny unHKa b KojinnecTBe npHMepHo rt 0.05 ρ, ο 10 moji.Z (DE 18 02 453). H3 ΓοτοΒΠβΗΗβ ocymecTBJíHeTCH no KepaMuraeCKoň TexHonornn cMemHBaHHeM, npeccoBa-HHeM h cneKaHHeM, npmeM nacŤHHHO TpefíyroTCH ιιηκλμ TepMoo6pa6oTKH nponojixH-TenbHOCTbio 6ojibme 10 th nacoB h BecbMa MenneHHoe oxjiaxneHHe (DE 26 42 567) hjih xe oqeHb Me & neHHt> IN HarpeB h BbwepxKa TeMnepaTypa cneKaHHH, nponojixaroma-nca HecKoJibKO nacoB (DE 29 18 991). IIojiyneHHe BapncTopoB c hhbkhmh 3HaneHH-HMH HanpaxeHHH ocymecTBJíHeTcn H3 KpynH03epHncTbix chctcm MaTepnajioB (DD150 126) coflepxamnx Ile MeHee 6-th H3 nepenHCJieHhbix jierHpyKMUHX npHMeceň, np.HqeM npHMeHeHHe oKcnna aHTHMOHa h oKCHna ojiOBa BapbHpyeTCH b 33bhchmocthot cooTBeTCTByioinero Tuna HanpHxeHHH. CncTeMa MaTepnajioB no hx napaMeTpaMpaccnHTaHbí Ha BecbMa orpaHHqeHHbi nnanasoH πρΗΜβΗβΗΗΗ; htsk, «3 οβηογοMaTepwana MoryT H3roTaBjiHBaTbCH Bcerna tojibko flBa hjih tph THna. CHHweHHeM3KcnnyaTauHOHHoro HanpnxeHHH bH3HHH HeJIHHenHOCTH H OTHOmeHHH HanpaXeHKH γΤβΗΚΗ, HH3KHe 3Η3ΗβΗΗΗ ΗβΠΗΗβϋ-hocth d h He6jiaronpHHTHbie oTHomeHHH orpaHHqeiiHH. 3to yKa3biBaeT Ha cnjibHoeBJiHHHHe cTaTHCTHKH paaMepa Sepen hjih óapbepoB b yqacTKe one hundred meters ηηπρηχθηηη.fljIH H3rOTOBJieHHH BapHCTOpOB C SKCTpeMaJIbHO HH3KHMH 3KCnJiyaTaipiOHHbIMH HanpH-X6HHHMH HCnOJIb3yiOT CHCTeMbl MaTepH3JIOB 6E3 OJIOBa H aHTHMOHa, ΠΡΗΗΘΜ πρΗΜβΗβ-ηηθμ KpHCTajuiHnecKHx 3apoflbnneň nocTHraeTCH nojiyqeHHe KpaňHe ĎojibinHX 3epeH (npH6ji. 200 mkm) , XOTH yCTOňHHBOCTb xapaKTepHCTHKH T3KHX BapHCTOpOB NPH HarpySKe nOCTOHHHblMtokom NPH ycjioBHH, HTO P = const (b flajihHeňmeM τβκοτβ coKpameHHo o6o3HanaeT -C KaK ycToflnHBocTb xapaKTepncTHKH npn Harpysxe ποοτοηηηημ flow) oueHHBa-eTCjt OTHocHTejibHo xopoino, NPH HMnyjibCHoň HarpysKe npoHCxopHT BecbMa CHJibHoeCTapeHHe .xapaKTepncTHKH b yqacTKe hh3Khx tokob,
Uejlb Η3θ6ρβΤβΗΗΗ IJeJIb Η3θ6ρβΤβΗΗΗ 3aKJII0qaeTCH B CO3flaHHH BO3MOXHOCTH nOJiyqeHHH IIHHKOKCHfl-HblX B3PHCTOPOB flJIH BCeft o6jiaCTH HH3KHX HanpaxeHHň H3 OpHOň ÉflHHCTBeHHOňCHCTeMbl MaTepnanoB πρκ οηΗΟΒρβΜβΗΗΟΜ coxpameHHH BpeMeHH TepMoo6pa6oTKH ho6ecneneHHH Tpe6yeMbix sjíeKTpHnecKHx napaMeTpoB, b qacTHocTH BbicoKoň ycToň-HHBOCTH xapaKTepHCTHKH npH HarpysKe ποοτοηηημμ tokom. H3JIOXeHHe CyiqHOCTH H3p6peTeHHfl B ocHOBy Η3ο6ρβτβΗΗΗ nosTOMy nojioxeHa aanaqa paspaCoTaTb Μβτοη H3roTOBJieHH«ijHHKOKCHflHoro BapHCTopa flJia hhskhx 3KcmiyaTaiiH0HHbix HanpaxeHHň, b nacTHOCTHHHXe 20 B, H3 HHHKOKCHflHOro OCHOBHOTO BemCCTBa C HeSoJIMIHM KOJIHHeCTBOM OKCH“fta BHCMyTa h οοΒηβκημη flpyrax okchbob no KepaMHqecKoft τ6χηοιιογηη čMeniHBaHHeM',npeccoBaHHeM h cnexaHHeM, npnqeM HMeeTca nejih ηοκιβοηητβ npHMeHeHHe jiempyio-mnx npHMeceň, HHrH6HpywiHHX poct aepeH h npennoxHTb προφκηΒ BpeMeHH HarpeBafljin pexHMa cneKaHHH > *Uejlb Η3θ6ρβΤβΗΗΗ IJeJIb Η3θ6ρβΤβΗΗΗ 3aKJII0qaeTCH B CO3flaHHH BO3MOXHOCTH nOJiyqeHHH IIHHKOKCHfl-HblX B3PHCTOPOB flJIH BCeft o6jiaCTH HH3KHX HanpaxeHHň H3 OPhone ÉflHHCTBeHHOňCHCTeMbl MaTepnanoB πρκ οηΗΟΒρβΜβΗΗΟΜ coxpameHHH BpeMeHH TepMoo6pa6oTKH ho6ecneneHHH Tpe6yeMbix sjíeKTpHnecKHx napaMeTpoB b qacTHocTH BbicoKoň ycToň-HHBOCTH xapaKTepHCTHKH NPH HarpysKe ποοτοηηημμ stream. H3JIOXeHHe CyiqHOCTH H3p6peTeHHfl B ocHOBy Η3ο6ρβτβΗΗΗ nosTOMy nojioxeHa aanaqa paspaCoTaTb Μβτοη H3roTOBJieHH «ijHHKOKCHflHoro BapHCTopa flJia hhskhx 3KcmiyaTaiiH0HHbix HanpaxeHHň b nacTHOCTHHHXe 20 B, H3 HHHKOKCHflHOro OCHOBHOTO BemCCTBa C HeSoJIMIHM KOJIHHeCTBOM OKCH" FTA BHCMyTa h οοΒηβκημη flpyrax okchbob well KepaMHqecKoft τ6χηοιιογηη čMeniHBaHHeM 'npeccoBaHHeM h cnexaHHeM, npnqeM HMeeTca nejih ηοκιβοηητβ npHMeHeHHe jiempyio-mnx npHMeceň, HHrH6HpywiHHX count aepeH h npennoxHTb προφκηΒ BpeMeHH HarpeBafljin pexHMa cneKaHHH> *
CoraacHo H3o6peTeHHio sto ocyniecTBjíaeTca coqeTaHneM cneflyioinHx πρη3Η3κοβ: a) IÍHHKOKCHnHoe ocHOBHoe BemecTBO c okchjiom BHCMyTa Κ3Κ flo6aBKy jierapyioTHCKJiiOHHTejibHO TojibKo npHMecHMH okchaob cJienywniHx sjíeMeHTOB! Mapranen,KOĎaJIbT, THT3H H HHKeJIb, ΠρΗΗβΜ B CMeCH KOHlieHTpaUHH 9THX OKCH.HOB yCTa~HaBJíHBaeTCH Ha cJienywmHe BeJiHHHHbí:CoraacHo H3o6peTeHHio sto ocyniecTBjíaeTca coqeTaHneM cneflyioinHx πρη3Η3κοβ: a) IHHKOKCHnHoe ocHOBHoe BemecTBO c okchjiom BHCMyTa Κ3Κ flo6aBKy jierapyioTHCKJiiOHHTejibHO TojibKo npHMecHMH okchaob cJienywniHx sjíeMeHTOB! Mapranen, KOĎaJIbT, THT3H H HHKeJIb, B CMeCH KOHlieHTpaUHH 9THX OKCH.HOB yCTa ~ HaBJiHBaeTCH Ha cJienywmHe BeJiHHHHbi:
Okchji MapraHna 0,70 no 0,80 moji.ZOkchji MapraHna 0.70 no 0.80 moji.Z
Okciíh Ko6ajibTa 0,20 no 0,40 moji.Z 260045 -3-Okciih Ko6ajibTa 0,20 no 0,40 moji.Z 260045 -3-
Okcha THTawa 0,55 po 0,80 moji. Z .Okcha THTawa 0.55 after 0.80 m. Z.
Okchu HHKejiH 1,00 ρ,ο 1,20 moji. Z 6) CneKaHHe npeccoBaHHbix H3 3Toň CMecn cbipyeB co CKopocTbio nofforpeBa 6oJibine240 K/h flo TeMnepaTypw, Tpe6yeMoň pna o6pa3OBaHHH KepaMHnecKoň CTpyKTypw,h,c BbiflepjKKoň MeHbme 1,5 n npH 3Toň TeMnepaType.Okchu HHKejiH 1.00 ρ, ο 1.20 my. Z 6) CneKaHHe npeccoBaHHbix H3 3To CMecn cbipyeB what CKopocTbio nofforpeBa 6oJibine240 K / h flo TeMnepaTypw, Tpe6yeMoň p6o3OBaHHH KepaMHnecKo CTpyKTypw, h, c BbiflepjKKoK MeHbme 1.5 n npH 3To TeMnepaType.
TpefíyeMbie napaMeTpw ycToftuHBocTH xapaKTepHCTHKH npn Harpy3Ke ποοτοηηημμ to-kom peajiH3yroTCH BbiÓopoM noffxoflHnmx KOHiieHTpaunň JierHpyionmx npuMeceň MapraH-na h THTaHa, lípu stom 3HauHTejibHoe yjiyntneHHe ycToííHHBocTH pocraraeTCH bocoSeHHoCTH Gnaropapa yBeJiHHeHHio KOHueHTpauHH oKCHfla THTaHa CBbíme 0,55 moji.Z,fločaBJíaeMoro HCKJBOHHTejibHo b BHCMyTocoflepjKameň φβ3β pna cTaf>HJiH3auHH, a Tax-xe noBbímeHneM coflepxaHHH MapraHua CBbíme 0,70 moji,Z.TpefíyeMbie napaMeTpw ycToftuHBocTH xapaKTepHCTHKH npn Harpy3Ke ποοτοηηημμ to-kom peajiH3yroTCH BbiÓopoM noffxoflHnmx KOHiieHTpaunň JierHpyionmx npuMeceň MapraH-h on THTaHa, lime one hundred meters 3HauHTejibHoe yjiyntneHHe ycToííHHBocTH pocraraeTCH bocoSeHHoCTH Gnaropapa yBeJiHHeHHio KOHueHTpauHH oKCHfla THTaHa CBbíme 0.55 moji.Z, fločaBJíaeMoro HCKJBOHHTejibHo b BHCMyTocoflepjKameň φβ3β PNA cTaf> HJiH3auHH, and Tax-xe noBbHHeM coflepxaHHH MapraHua CBbime 0.70 my, Z.
TpeSyeMaa ycToňHHBocTb κ HMnyjibcaM oSecnenHBaeTCH Gnaropapa yBenmemmKOHiieHTpau;nH hhkcjih CBbíme 1,00 moji.Z, npuneM HHKeJib npeuMymecTBeHHo bbouht-ch b aepHo oKCHfla HHHKa. BbnneynoMHHyToe noBbnneHne KOHueHTpauHH MapraHua ofl-HOBpeMGHHO TaKXe nOJIOXHTejIbHO BJIHJieT Ha yCTOňHHBOCTb K HMnyjIbCaM.TpeSyeMaa ycToňHHBocTb κ HMnyjibcaM oSecnenHBaeTCH Gnaropapa yBenmemmKOHiieHTpau; nH hhkcjih CBbíme 1.00 moji.Z, npuneM HHKeJib npeuMymecTBeHHo bbouht-ch b aepHo oKCHfla HHHKa. BbnneynoMHHyToe noBnnHn KOHueHTpauHH MapraHua ofl-HOBpeMGHHO TaKXeNiOxHTheIlH BJIHJiTaH yCTOnHHBOCTb K HMnyjIbCaM.
CoflepxaHne KoBajibTa npn BbinojiHeHHH BbnneynoMHHyTbix npennocbuioK moxho ooKpa-THTb no BejiHHHHbí HHxe 0,4 moji.Z, He Bbi3biBaa 3thm yxyumeHHH napaMeTpoB XapaK-TepHCTHKH H yCTOftHHBOCTH. flocTHXHMbie 3HaqeHHH xapaKTepucTHKH h ycToftHHBOCTH npH HarpysKe ποοτοηηηημtokom 3aBHCHT κβκ οτ cocTaBa Maccbi, TaK η οτ προφκπΗ BpeMeHH HarpeBa pexHMaCneKHHHH, K3K BHflHO H3 HHXenpHB6fleHHbIX ΠρΗΜβροΒ. ΠρΗΜβρ HCnojIHeHHH BapHaHTa fljIH 6onee ΠΟΗΡοΘΗΟΓΟ ΠΟΗΟΗβΗΗΗ Η3θ6ρβΤβΗΗΑ ΠΡΗΒΟ,ΠΗΤΟΗ HeCKOJIbKO ΠρΗΜθρΟΒ Η‘TaĎJIHEt, ΠΡΗΗΘΜ o6pa3Iíbl 4, 6, 8 Η 10 £Ο 12 6bUIH Η3ΓΟΤ0ΒΒβΗΜ COTJiaCHO H3O6pe-rΤβΗΗΙΟ.CoflepxaHne KoBajibTa npn BbinojiHeHHH BbnneynoMHHyTbix npennocbuioK moxho ooKpa-THTb no BejiHHHHb HHxe 0.4 moji.Z, He Bbi3biBaa 3thm yxyumeHHH napaMeTpoB XapaK-TepHCTHKH H yCTOftHHBOCTH. flocTHXHMbie 3HaqeHHH xapaKTepucTHKH h ycToftHHBOCTH npH HarpysKe ποοτοηηηημtokom 3aBHCHT κβκ οτ cocTaBa Maccbi, TaK η οτ προφκπΗ BpeMeHH HarpeBa pexHMaCneKHHHH, K3K BHflHO H3 HHXenpHB6fleHHbIX ΠρΗΜβροΒ. ΠρΗΜβρ HCnojIHeHHH BapHaHTa fljIH 6one ΠΟΗΡοΘΗΟΓΟ ΠΟΗΟΗβΗΗΗ Η3θ6ρβΤβΗΗΑ ΠΡΗΒΟ, ΠΗΤΟΗ HeCKOJIbKO ΠρΗΜθρΟΒ Η‘TaĎJIHEt, ΠΡΗΗΘΜ o6pa3Iíbl 4, 6, 8 Η 10 £ Ο 12 6bUIH Η3ΓΟΤ0ΒΒβΗΜ COTJiaCHO H3O6pe-rΤβΗΗΙΟ.
Ha Ta6jiHu;e 1 npHBeueHa ckopoctb CTapeHHH npH Harpy3Ke ποοτοηηημμ tokom cBapbHpoBaHHeM cop,epxaHHH MapraHua h THTaHa, npHneM KOHiieHTpaiiHH Ko6ajibTa hHHKeJia coxpaHHJiacb ΗβΗ3ΜβΗΗθή b yKa3aHHbix npeuejiax. B KanecTBe κρκτβρκΗ pnayCTOťíHHBOCTH XapaKTepHCTHKH npH Harpy3Ke nOCTOHHHblM TOKOM HaXORHT npHMCHeHHeCKopocTb CTapeHHH (10~T A) Uo (10 7 Α)·100Ζ nocjie Harpy3KH μηκ— CHMaJibHO uonycTHMoň MomHocTbio noTepb b τβΗβΗΗβ 2,5 nacos πρκ TeMnepaType85°C.^ HecoMHeHHo HMeeT MecTo yjiyumeHHe ycToftuHBOcTH xapaKTepHCTHKH npnHarpy3Ke ποοτοηηημμ tokom npH noBbnneHHH couepxaHHH MapraHya h THTaHa, npH-ueM apKO 6pocaeTca b rjiaaa CKauKooSpa3Hoe yjiynmeHHe y o6pa3ua 4 corjiacHoΗ3ο6ρβτβΗΗΐο.Ha Ta6jiHu; e 1 npHBeueHa ckopoctb CTapeHHH npH Harpy3Ke ποοτοηηημμ toc cBapbHpoBaHHeM cop, epxaHHH MapraHua h THTaHa, npHneM KOHiieHTpaiiHH Ko6ajibTa hHHKeJia coxpaHHJiacb ΗβΗ3ΜβΗΗθή b yKa3aHHbix npeuejiax. B KanecTBe κρκτβρκΗ pnayCTOťíHHBOCTH XapaKTepHCTHKH NPH Harpy3Ke nOCTOHHHblM Toko HaXORHT npHMCHeHHeCKopocTb CTapeHHH (10 ~ TA) CS (10 7 Α) · 100Ζ nocjie Harpy3KH μηκ- CHMaJibHO uonycTHMoň MomHocTbio noTepb b τβΗβΗΗβ 2.5 nacos πρκ TeMnepaType85 DEG C. @ HecoMHeHHo HMeeT MECT yjiyumeHHe ycToftuHBOcTH xapaKTepHCTHKH npnHarpy3Ke ποοτοηηημμ toc npH noBbnneHHH couepxaHHH MapraHya h THTaHa, npH-ueM apKO 6pocaeTca b rjiaaa CKauKooSpa3Hoe yjiynmeHHe y o6pa3ua 4 corjiacHoΗ3ο6ρβτβΗΗΐο.
Ha TaSjíHue 2 noKa3aHa 3aBHCHMOCTb ycTOífriHBOcTH κ HMnyjibcaM οτ KOHiieHTpa-UHH HHKejIH, ΠΡΗηβΜ o6pa3ÉU 6 H3rOTOBJieH CO'rjiaCHO HSOČpeTeHHK). ΠρΗ 3TOMKoHueHTpauHH ocTajibHbix flOHopos b yKa3aHHOM GHana3oHe ocTanacb HeH3MeHHoň. B KauecTBe κρκτβρΗΗ ' cJiyxHT ckopoctb CTapeHHH ML·^ = UteE(10 A)/ /Uo (10~s A)· 100Z nocjie HarpysKHMaKCHManbHo nonycTHMbiM ypapHbíM tokom.Ha TaSiHue 2 noKa3aHa 3aBHCHMOCTb ycTOífriHBOcTH κ HMnyjibcaM οτ KOHiieHTpa-UHH HHKejIH, ΠΡΗηβΜ o6pa3ÉU 6 H3rOTOBJieH CO'rjiaCHO HSOČpeTeHHK). ΠρΗ 3TOMKoHueHTpauHH ocTajibHbix flOHopos b yKa3aHHOM GHana3oHe ocTanacb HeH3MeHHon. B KauecTBe κρκτβρΗΗ 'cJiyxHT ckopoctb CTapeHHH ML · ^ = UteE (10 A) / / Uo (10 ~ s A) · 100Z nightly HarpysKHMaKCHManbHo nonycTHMbiM ypapHbíM flow.
Πρκ cocTaBe πικχτω, BbičpaHHOM b yKa3aHHOM flHanaaoHe, uocTHXHMwe 3HayeHHH xapaKTepHCTHKH h ycToiíuHBocTH πρκ Harpy3Ke ποοτοηηημμ tokom b 3HanHTejibHoňΠρκ cocTaBe πικχτω, BbicpaHHOM bYKa3aHHOM flHanaaoHe, uocTHXHMwe 3HayeHHH xapaKTepHCTHKH h ycToiíuHBocTH πρκ Harpy3Ke ποοτοηηημμ tokom b 3HanHTejibHoň
Mepe 3aBHCHT οτ npo^jHJia BpeMeHH HarpeBa pexHMa cneKaHHH. B KanecTBe BejiH- ηηηη, xapaKTepH3yiomeft noBepeHne BapHCTopHoň KepaMHKH oTHocHTejibHO toks^ yTeHKH, Hcnojib3yeTc« oTHomeHHe HanpHxeHHň yTenKH UL = U(10_ A)/U (10 A). 260045 -4-Mepe 3aBHCHT ο ia pe BpeMeHH HarpeBa pexHMa cneKaHHH. B KanecTBe BejiH- ηηηη, xapaKTepH3yiomeft noBepeHne BapHCTopHo KepaMHKH oTHocHTejibho toksHyHKH, Hcnojib3yeTc «oHomeHHeHHeHHn yTenKH UL = U (10A) / U (10A). 260045 -4-
TačjiHiía 3 HnniocTpHpyeT 3aBHCHMoCTb ββπηηηη Uu h AU_? ot ckopocth HarpeBaH BpeMeHH BbmepXKH. H3 TaGjIHUbl BHflHO, HTO nOBefteHHe BapHCTOPHOň KepaMHKHOTHocHTeJibHo τοκβ γτβ'ϊΚΗ peaKo yxyjimaeTCH, ecjm cxopocTb HarpeBa He aocth-raeT TpeČyeMbix 3HaneHHíi. B cnynae npeBbímeHHH TpeGyeMoro BpeMeHH ΒΜΛερχεκΗτοτκε HaGjronaeTCH yxy^meHKe sHaueHHft xapaKTepHCTHKH h ycToifrtHBOCTH. B TaSjíHite 4 npuBOflHTcn conocTaBJteHne o6pa3UOB cornacHO Hso&peTeHHio 10 λο 12h o6pa3UOB 13 no 15, y kotophx peacHMbi cneKamift hhh coctsb hjih »e - κβκ bcnynae o6pa3na 15 - xax peMHM cneKaHHH, Tax h cocTaB HaxoaHTca BHe HaňneH-ΗΟΓΟ flHana3OHa. ΠρΗ 3TOM CTaHOBHTCH HCHblM, UTO CKOPOCTb CTapeHHH &U_,CKauKooGpaaHo ynymnaeTcn TOJibxo jiHinb oaHOBpeMeHHbíM πρΗΜβΗθΗΗβΜ npH3HaxoBcocraBa h peacHMa cneKaHHH cornacHO Η3θ6ρβτβΗΗΐο. Ckopoctb CTapeHHH AU_yonpeaejiHJiacb nocne Harpy3KH ποοτοηηημμ tokom I = 2,5 mA b TeueHHe 2,5 nacoBh npH TeMnepaType 85* C. npHroTOBJíeHne cocTaBOB ocymecTBHnocb no npHHHToň KepaMHnecKoň τεχκοηοΓΗΗ.Ilocne cMeniHBaHHH H3 naccbi 6binn BbmpeccoBáHbí ληοκη tojhhhhoíí 0,5 mm, κοτορωβnoflBepranHcb cnexaHHio'πρκ TeMnepaType 1250°C, nocne nero ohh 6μπη κοητβκτη—poBaHbí,TacjiHiia 3 HnniocTpHpyeT 3aBHCHMoCTb ββπηηηη Uu h AU_? ot ckopocth HarpeBaH BpeMeHH BbmepXKH. H3 TaGjIHUbl BHflHO, HTO nOBefteHHe BapHCTOPHE KepaMHKHOTHocHTeJibHo τοκβ γτβ'ϊΚΗ peaKo yxyjimaeTCH, ecjm cxopocTb HarpeBa He aocth-raeT TpeCyeMbix 3HaneHHi. B cnynae npeBmeHHH TpeGyeMoro BpeMeHH ΒΜΛερχεκΗτοτκε HaGjronaeTCH yxy ^ meHKe sHaueHHft xapaKTepHCTHKH h ycToifrtHBOCTH. B oK 4HUcHoCoNoCoBaNoO6PoUUoCoCoHoCoHoOoHoOoHoHoOo 10HoOhHiOo 10HoHoHHiOhHiHoHHHH, HHo3Ha3Ha3Ha3Ha3Ha3Ha3Ha3Ha3. Π T T T T T OP CH CH ape T T T T T T T T p p p p p p p p p p p ac bí θ θ θ θ θ Ckopoctb CTapeHHH AU_yonpeaejiHJiacb nocne Harpy3KH ποοτοηηημμ flow I = 2.5 mA b TeueHHe 2.5 nacoBh NPH TeMnepaType 85 * C. npHroTOBJíeHne cocTaBOB ocymecTBHnocb well npHHHToň KepaMHnecKoň τεχκοηοΓΗΗ.Ilocne cMeniHBaHHH H3 naccbi 6binn BbmpeccoBáHbí ληοκη tojhhhhoíí 0.5mm κοτορωβnoflBepranHcb cnexaHHio'πρκ TeMnepaType 1250 ° C, nocne nero ohh 6μπη κοητβκτη — poBaHbí,
TaSnHna 1 Ó6pa3eu KoHneHTpaiWH, % BKcnnyaTaa. oKcna MapraHna οκοηλ THTaHa HanpH»eHHe CKOPOCTbTaSnHna 1 Ó6pa3eu KoHneHTpaiWH,% BKcnnyaTaa. ra na ra ra ra ra T T ra ra ra ra ra H »eHHe CKOPOCTb
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Bc ňU_s B/mm % 1 0,45 0,25 32 -30 2 0,75 0,25 34 -14 3 0,45 0,75 35 -13 4 0,75 0,75 35 - 5Bc ňU_s B / mm% 1 0.45 0.25 32 -30 2 0.75 0.25 34 -14 3 0.45 0.75 35 -13 4 0.75 0.75 35 - 5
TaGnuua 2 GKopocTb CTape-HHH, AXLS Z 06pa3en KoHneHTpanHH, %οκοηλ HHKenn 5 0,7 -7 6 1,1 -2TaGnuua 2 GKopocTb CTape-HHH, AXLS Z 06pa3en KoHneHTpanHH,% οκοηλ HHKenn 5 0.7 -7 6 1.1 -2
TaGnnaa 3 OTHomeHHe HanpaxeHHň yTenKH UL CKOPOCTB CTapeHHH AU_S 7a 06pa3en CKopocTb BbwepjKKaHarpeBa SKcnnyaTan. HanpnweHHe ®c B/mm K/n H 7 345 3,25 39 0,59 -26 8 290 0 42 0,74 -13 9 120 i 45 0,28 — 2W045 <0 -5-TaGnnaa 3 OTHomeHHe HanpaxeHHn yTenKH UL CKOPOCTB CTapeHHH AU_S 7a 06pa3en CKopocTb BbwepjKKaHarpeBa SKcnnyaTan. HanpnweHHe ® c B / mm K / n H 7 345 3.25 39 0.59 -26 8 290 0 42 0.74 -13 9 120 i 45 0.28 - 2W045 <0 -5-
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O cd -í m 260045 -6- [ΠατβΗΤΗΑΗ (fropMyjiaO cd 260045 -6- [ΠατβΗΤΗΑΗ (fropMyjia
MeTOfl Η3ΓΟΤΟΒΠβΗΗΗ UHHKOKCHJIHOrO BapHCTopa flJIH HH3KHX 3KCIUiyaTaHHOHHbIXHanpHaceHHH, B HaCTHOCTH ΗΙΓΚβ 20 B, H3 UHHKOKCHflHOrO OČHOBHOrO BemeCTBac He6onbninM KOJiHqecTBOM oKciwa BHCMyTa η ΛοδαΒκβΜΗ npyrHX okchxiob no Kepa-MHqečKoň τθχηοπογηη CMemHBaHHeM, npeccoBaHneM h cneKaHHeM, oTjiHHaranHiícH co-ΜθτβΗΗβΜ cjieflyiomHX npn3HaKOB: a) UHHKOKCHfíHoe ocHoBHoe BemecTBo c oKCHfloM BHCMyTa b KanecTBe no6aBKH JierHpyeTCH HCKjnonHTejibHo TonbKo npn-MeCHMH, COCTOHH(HMH H3 OKCHflOB SJíeMCHTOB MapraHeií, KOĎaJIbT, THT3H H HHKeJIbπρΗΗβΜ b cm&ch KOHneHTpaiWH 3THx okchhob ycTaHaBJíHBaeTCH na cjienyromne3HaneHHH: OKCHfl MapraHiia 0,70 «Ο 0,80 MOJI. Z OKCHfl Ko6aJibTa 0,20 ΛΟ 0,40 MOJI. Z OKCHfl THTaHa 0,55 ΛΟ 0,80 MOJI. Z OKCHfl ΗΗΚΘΠΗ 1,00 flO 1,20 MOJI. Z cneKaHne npeccoBaHHbix H3 CMeCH CblpneB co cKopóCTbio : 6) 240 K/n no TeMnepaTypbi, Heo6xoflHMoň juih o6pa3OBaHHH KepaMmecKoň cTpyK-Typbi, h c BbmepscKoň MeHbine 1,5 η πρκ 3τοϋ TeMnepaType. Ρβ3Ι0ΜΘ ΜβΤΟΑ Η3ΓΟΤΟΒΠβΗΗΗ IÍHHKOKCHflHOrO BapHCTopa Η3θ6ρβτβΗΗβ pacnpocTpaHBeTcH na H3roTOBjieHHe ημηκοκοηληογο BapHCTopa π,ηάHH3KHX SKCiuiyaTauHOHHbix HanpHJKeHHň, b nacTHocTH HHxe 20 B, no KepaMiraeckofiΤβΧΗΟηΟΓΗΗ, ΠρΗΗβΜ H3 OflHOft eflHHCTBeHHoft CHCTSMbl Μ3ΤβρΗ3ΒΟΒ flOJBKHO 6bITb 'očecneneHo H3roTOBJieHHe nejioro accopTHMeHTa τηποβ BapHCTopoB πρκ yMeHbmeHHHTeMnepaTypbi η ΒρβΜβΗΗ cneKaHHH. 3to peaJiH3yeTca coneTaHHeM cjieflyratuHx τεχΗο-norHnecKHx πρη3Ηηκοβ! a) nHHKOKCHflHoe ocHoBHoe BemecTBoMeTOfl Η3ΓΟΤΟΒΠβΗΗΗ UHHKOKCHJIHOrO BapHCTopa flJIH HH3KHX 3KCIUiyaTaHHOHHbIXHanpHaceHHH B HaCTHOCTH ΗΙΓΚβ 20 B, H3 UHHKOKCHflHOrO OČHOBHOrO BemeCTBac He6onbninM KOJiHqecTBOM oKciwa BHCMyTa η ΛοδαΒκβΜΗ npyrHX okchxiob no Kepa-MHqečKoň τθχηοπογηη CMemHBaHHeM, npeccoBaHneM h cneKaHHeM, oTjiHHaranHiícH co-ΜθτβΗΗβΜ cjieflyiomHX npn3HaKOB a) UHHKOKCHfíHoe ocHoBHoe BemecTBo C oKCHfloM BHCMyTa b KanecTBe no6aBKH JierHpyeTCH HCKjnonHTejibHo TonbKo npn MeCHMH, COCTOHH (HMH H3 OKCHflOB SJíeMCHTOB MapraHeií, KOĎaJIbT, THT3H cm H HHKeJIbπρΗΗβΜ b & CH KOHneHTpaiWH 3THx okchhob ycTaHaBJíHBaeTCH to cjienyromne3HaneHHH: OKCHfl MapraHiia 0.70 «Ο 0.80 MY. From OKCHfl Ko6aJibTa 0.20 ΛΟ 0.40 MY FROM OKCHfl THTaHa 0.55 ΛΟ 0.80 MY from OKCHfl ΗΗΚΘΠΗ 1.00 flO 1.20 MY from cHBbHHbix H3 CMeCH CblpneB cKopóCTbio: 6) 240 K / n no TeMnepaTypbi, Heo6xoflHMoň juih o6pa3OBaHHH KepaMmecKoň cTpyK-Typbi, hc BbmepscKoň MeHbine 1, 5 η πρκ 3τοϋ TeMnepaType. Ρβ3Ι0ΜΘ ΜβΤΟΑ Η3ΓΟΤΟΒΠβΗΗΗ IÍHHKOKCHflHOrO BapHCTopa Η3θ6ρβτβΗΗβ pacnpocTpaHBeTcH to H3roTOBjieHHe ημηκοκοηληογο BapHCTopa π, ηάHH3KHX SKCiuiyaTauHOHHbix HanpHJKeHHň b nacTHocTH HHxe 20 B, but KepaMiraeckofiΤβΧΗΟηΟΓΗΗ, ΠρΗΗβΜ H3 OflHOft eflHHCTBeHHoft CHCTSMbl Μ3ΤβρΗ3ΒΟΒ flOJBKHO 6bITb 'očecneneHo H3roTOBJieHHe nejioro accopTHMeHTa τηποβ BapHCTopoB πρκ yMeHbmeHHHTeMnepaTypbi η ΒρβΜβΗΗ cneKaHHH. 3to peaJiH3yeTca coneTaHHeM cjieflyratuHx τεχΗο-norHnecKHx πρη3Ηηκοβ! a) nHHKOKCHflHoe ocHoBHoe BemecTBo
c oKCHflOM BHCMyTa b xanecTBe floĎaBkH JierHpyeTCH ηοκβκβιητ&πβηο tojihko npH-MeCHMH, COCTOH1HHMH H3 OKCHflOB ΘΠβΜβΗΤΟΒ MapraHeií, Ko6aJIbT, THT3H H HH~xenb, npHweM b cMecH KOHneHTpaitHH sthx okchaob ycTaHaBjíHgaeTCH Ha cnenyio-npie 3HaHeHHHJ OKCHfl MapraHna 0,70 AO 0,80 fyOJi.Z OKCHfl KoSaJibTa 0,20 Ao 0,40 MOJI. Z OKCHfl THTaHa 0,55 Ao 0,80 MOJI. Z .OKCHfl HHKejIH 1,00 A© 1,20 MOJI. Z f 6) cneKaHHe npečcoBaHHbix H3 CMecH cbipneB co CKopocTbio narpepa 6ojn>me 240 K/u flo TeMnepaTypbi, HeoSxoflHMoň «jih o6pa3OBaHHH KepaMnuecKoň οτργκτγpw, h c BbiflepjKKoň MeHbme 1,5 η πρκ 3Toň TeMnepaType.,c oKCHflOM BHCMyTa b xanecTBe floĎaBkH JierHpyeTCH ηοκβκβιητ & πβηο tojihko NPH MeCHMH, COCTOH1HHMH H3 OKCHflOB ΘΠβΜβΗΤΟΒ MapraHeií, Ko6aJIbT, THT3H H HH ~ xenb, npHweM b cMecH KOHneHTpaitHH sthx okchaob ycTaHaBjíHgaeTCH Ha-cnenyio npie 3HaHeHHHJ OKCHfl MapraHna AO 0.70 0.80 fyOJi.Z OKCHfl KoSaJibTa 0.20 Ao 0.40 MY. From OKCHfl THTaHa 0.55 Ao 0.80 MY. Z .OKCHfl HHKejIH 1.00 AND © 1.20 MY. Z f 6) cneKaHHe npcoBaHHbix H3 CMecH cbipneB what CKopocTbio narpepa 6ojn> me 240 K / u flo TeMnepaTypbi, HeoSxoflHMoNa6pa3OBaHHH KepaMnuecKoň οτργκτγpw, h c
Πρκ3Η3Ηο Η3ο6ρετβΗΗεΜ no pesynbTaTaM 3KcnepTH3bi, ocymecTBJíeHHoft BenoMCTBOM no flenaM H3o6peTeHHů h naTeHTOB TOP. 260045Πρκ3Η3Ηο Η3ο6ρετβΗΗεΜ no pesynbTaTaM 3KcnepTH3bi, ocymecTBJíeHHoft BenoMCTBOM no flenaM H3o6peTeHHu h naTeHTOB TOP. 260045
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DD84267999A DD227279A1 (en) | 1984-10-04 | 1984-10-04 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A ZINC OXIDE VARISTOR |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CS753385A1 CS753385A1 (en) | 1987-12-17 |
| CS260045B1 true CS260045B1 (en) | 1988-11-15 |
Family
ID=5561036
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS857533A CS260045B1 (en) | 1984-10-04 | 1985-10-03 | Method of variant production from zinc oxide |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CS (1) | CS260045B1 (en) |
| DD (1) | DD227279A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3533076A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2571537A1 (en) |
| HU (1) | HUT38469A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1200130B (en) |
-
1984
- 1984-10-04 DD DD84267999A patent/DD227279A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1985
- 1985-09-17 DE DE19853533076 patent/DE3533076A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1985-10-03 CS CS857533A patent/CS260045B1/en unknown
- 1985-10-03 HU HU853849A patent/HUT38469A/en unknown
- 1985-10-04 FR FR8514735A patent/FR2571537A1/en active Pending
- 1985-10-04 IT IT48631/85A patent/IT1200130B/en active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT8548631A0 (en) | 1985-10-04 |
| DE3533076A1 (en) | 1986-04-10 |
| IT1200130B (en) | 1989-01-05 |
| FR2571537A1 (en) | 1986-04-11 |
| CS753385A1 (en) | 1987-12-17 |
| HUT38469A (en) | 1986-05-28 |
| DD227279A1 (en) | 1985-09-11 |
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