CS259209B1 - A way of preparing textile soiling standards to monitor the effectiveness of the washing process - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for preparing textile soiling standards for monitoring the efficiency of the washing process, in which four basic types of soil are applied to a model textile made of cotton or a cotton-polyester blend by standard impregnation and drying, namely a dispersion of carbon black in jSarafin oil, a solution of lysed erythrocytes, a dispersion of cocoa powder in milk emulsion, a solution of red wine of the Frankovka variety. One part of the textile is not impregnated - it serves as an internal standard. The solution can have wide application in the standardization and unification of methods for evaluating the efficiency of the washing process, both from the point of view of the production of detergents and from the point of view of the structural elements of, in particular, automatic washing machines.

Description

259209

The present invention relates to a method for preparing textile soil soils to monitor the process efficiency. Significant benefits in the field of textile maintenance by washing include intervention into the quality of the detergents by introducing new chemical compounds with biological preparations, in particular enzymes, which considerably increase the efficiency of detergents, on the one hand, the design of washing machines and the optimization of washing modes, especially for automatic machines. In order to ensure objectivity of the detergent properties as well as the efficiency of the process running in the washing machines, it is necessary to introduce artificial and standard soiled fabrics. The preparation and implementation of such model textile standards will enable the Standardization and Unification of the Comprehensive Assessment Processes as well as the individual factor preparations affecting the washing process. Nowadays, the multi-component system prepared according to ČSN 81 9230 is used as a model textile standard in ČSSR, while the described fabric is adjusted in principle by the procedure described in the monograph / J. Vyskočil, D. Macháč, J. Fečík, J. PetráS: Pranie v priemyselnýchpráčovniach, SVTL, Bratislava (1965) /. The composition of the impurities used is unsuitable and the fact that its constituents are unstable, and the overall technical solution of this impurity is obsolete. The presence of unsaturated fatty acids in the di- and triglycerides of sunflower oil alters the eligibility of these standards according to their degree of oxidation. The stretching time of the fabric in the dirty bath is insufficient and the reproducibility of the deposition described by the method is unsatisfactory.

The characterization of the performance of this standard is not objective. In addition, the composition of the impurity does not correspond to either of the standard impurities recommended by the International Electrotechnical Commission / Publication No. 456 Central Office, 1 rue de Varembé, Geneva 1978 / to characterize the efficiency of the process control in an international dealer. When assessing the efficacy of detergents or washing machines in an objective manner, it is necessary to take into account the complex nature of the impurities and, on the basis of model standards, to allow differentiated monitoring of the individual types of base impurities during the process. In this regard, H. Br.flschweiler (Textilveredlung 18, 23, 1983) divides natural impurities as follows: - water-soluble substances / salts, sweat, acids, sugars / - insoluble solid particles Spins / pigments, dust, carbon black / - fatty and oily impurities / oil, fat / - impurities with protein background / blood, milk, cocoa, sauces / - contamination caused by fruits, juices, wine, colors, rust - contamination by biomass of microorganisms. Contributions of each of the above mentioned contaminants are trying in a system of four non-textile textile standards / oil and carbon black, blood, cocoa and milk, wine / catching company / EidgenossischeMaterialprflfung Versuchsanstalt, St. However, in St. Gallen, Switzerland, as described in general in Chemische Rundschau, 30, 5, 1977, however, without disclosing a method for their preparation and more detailed characterization of the raw materials used.

The above mentioned drawbacks are solved by the process according to the invention, the principle of which is that the pure 100% cotton textile without surface finish is 10 cm in warp-2 320 to 360 and in weft 180 to 220 and weighing 70 to 210 gm or, textile blend of cotton and polyester in a weight ratio of 30 to 35 parts cotton to 70 to 65 parts polyester "2 to 10 cm in warp 260 to 300 and in weft 200 to 240 and flat. weight of 70 to 200 g. divided on the heel portion, the first of which serves as an internal standard, is impregnated with model purities until a final remission of 15 to 35% is achieved, the second portion being impregnated with carbon black with a particle size of 2 to 50 nm and paraffin oil in proportion to 4 and 3 parts of 1 part oil and then dried at 60 to 70 ° C for 50 to 70 minutes, the third part impregnated with a lysed erythrocyte solution, 4 to 12 parts by volume in 0.5 to 1.5% dielibenzyldodecyldimethylammonium bromide The mass is dried with a flow of 3 259209 air at 35 to 37 ° C and fixed at 60 to 80 ° C for 50 to 70 minutes, the fourth part being impregnated with a dispersion of 2 to 10% by weight. cocoa powder in a milk emulsion containing 3 to 5% w / w and triglycerides, 2 to 3% w / w; % of casein and 4 to 10 wt. Lactose or sucrose, then dried at 35 to 37 ° C in a stream of air and fixed at 85 to 100 ° C for 50 to 70 minutes and the fifth part impregnated with red wine of Lemberger variety with possible addition of Neronet, then dried at 35 to 37 ° C and fixed at 85-95 ° C for 50-70 minutes.

The model textiles and the model Dirt Standards prepared therefrom, each of the same area2 dimension of 100-2,500 cm, are simultaneously used as a filling in a washing machine to monitor the effectiveness of the washing process. In addition to the visual quality assessment of accessible every home without the need for instrumentation, the system of model textile standards also allows the quantification of results using objective spectral methods without the use of risk factors such as impurities such as specifically labeled radionuclide-isotopes.

According to the present invention, a detailed characterization of the detergent process can be achieved within a wide range of efficiencies both in terms of washing mechanics and in terms of the physico-chemical effect of the detergents, thereby creating the optimum washing process to minimize both energy consumption and detergent dosing. Example 1

As a model fabric, a fabric of desiccated, formed, chemically bleached cotton without a surface finish of 10 cm in a warp 320 and a weft 220 and a square weight of 2 190 gm in the shape of a 10 cm square edge was used, one such square was used as the internal standard of work process and other parts were impregnated with standard impurities. The square was impregnated with a carbon black dispersion (2.24 g) having a particle size of about 9 nm and a white-paraffin oil (0.56 g) prepared under vigorous stirring (10 Hz.s.) in 800 ml of tetrachloromethane. The actual impregnation of the model fabric was transferred to the blister at 20 ° C and the fabric was wiped off by the interleaved rollers to make the bath up to 100%, then woven in a stretched state in a horizontal position at an air temperature of 60 ° C and the resulting textile remission of 15% .

The second part of the model fabric (10 x 10 cm) was impregnated in a blister with a solution prepared from beef erythrocytes / 400 ml / lysed by adding 100 ml of an aqueous solution of 0.5 g benzyl dodecyldimethylammonium bromide so that the bath intake was 100%. The impregnated textiles were dried at 37 ° C in a stream of air and fixed for 70 min. at 60 [deg.] C. The remission of the impregnated cotton was 15%. The third part of the cotton model was impregnated with a dispersion of 10 g of cocoa powder in 500 ml of milk containing 15 g of di- and triglycerides, 10 g of casein and 20 g of lactose. The mixture was heated to boiling and cooled to room temperature, 22 ° C, and poured into a flask flask.

The model cotton fabric was impregnated with constant stirring of the cocoa dispersion and wiped off the rollers so that the bath intake was 100%. The impregnated wiped fabric was dried in a stretched state in a horizontal air stream at a temperature of 35 ° C. Dehydration and drying was followed by fixation at 85 ° C for 70 min. Finally, the so-impregnated fabric was softened by a 10-fold extension of the edge with a curvature radius of 3 mm.

The draw of the fabric thus prepared was 15%. the fourth part of the model cotton fabric / 10 x 10 / is impregnated with red wine variety 3 j -3 3

Lemberger / l.dm /, Rača, with a protein content of 0.2 g.dm, enriched with 0.1 dm of the Red Rind variety Neronet, origin of Polešovice. Upon leaving the impregnating bath, the cotton fabric was wiped on the rollers so that the bath reception was 100%, dried in a horizontal position at 37 ° C in a stream of air, and the fixation was subsequently carried out at 85 ° C for 70 min. The remainder of the cotton fabric thus prepared was 15%. The so obtained dried 259209 vzorky samples of each type of impurities of 10 x 10 cm were sutured together with the initial non-impregnated cotton fabric on the side into a 50 cm wide and 10 cm wide strip and each of the so prepared strips was placed separately between the polyethylene foil and sealed in a refrigerator at 4 ° C. The shelf life of such stored model textile belts was 30 days. From the belts thus prepared, the automatic washer cartridge was provided to monitor the washing process efficiency. Example 2

The procedure of Example 1 is followed, except that as a model sample a textile fabric of pure cotton of 10 cm in warp 360 and in weft 220 and a basis weight of 280 gm in square shape of 50 cm is used, with impregnation of carbon black particles of about 50 nm (1.98 g) and white paraffin oil (0.56 g) in 800 ml of distilled water using sodium (1 g) di-2-ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate as a dispersant. After three times applying said dispersed cotton fabric and drying at 70 ° C in a stretched state in an air flow for 50 minutes. the standard prepared in this way had a 25% remission. Impregnation of the next portion was carried out with a solution prepared from 1200 ml of pork erythrocytes lysed with 100 ml of aqueous solution containing 1.5 g of benzyldodecyldimethylammonium bromide. After drying at 37 ° C and fixing at 80 ° C for 50 min, the remission of the obtained cotton sample was 25%. Another part of the modeled cotton fabric was impregnated with a dispersion of 100 g of cocoa powder in 1,000 ml of milk containing 50 g of di- and triglycerides, 30 g of casein, 40 g of lactose and 60 g of additional sucrose. After drying at 37 ° C in a stretched state in a stream of air and fixation for 50 min. at 100 ° C the resulting cotton fabric had a remission of 25%. After the impregnation and drying, the impregnation was repeated 3 times and after the last drying of the impregnated fabric at the time of impregnation and drying, the impregnation was repeated. temperature of 37 ° C in a stretched state in a horizontal position with air flow was fixed at 95 ° C for 50 minutes. The samples of each type of impurity thus prepared were sieved into a strip of 2.5 m in length and 0.5 m in width, stored and used as described in Example 1. Example 3 '

The procedure of Example 1 is followed in a mixture of cotton and polyester in a ratio of 2 and a basis weight of 150 g.m. by the difference that the weave textile 240 is used as a model sample 30: 70 of the 10 cm fit in the warp 260 Example 4

The procedure of Example 1 is followed except that a fabric of a cotton / polyester blend of 35:65 and 10 cm in a warp of 300 and a weft of 200 and a weight of 120 gm are used as a model sample. Of the textiles impregnated with individual types of impurities as well as from the impregnated impregnated fabric, square edges of 15 cm in length were cut and stitched into a strip of 75 cm in length. These bands were stored and used as described in Example 1. Example 5

The procedure of Example 1 was followed except that the dispersion of carbon black and white oil was applied with 1000 ml of distilled water using 1 g sodium disodium methanedisulfonate as a dispersant.

The invention can be widely used to standardize and unify methods for evaluating washing process efficiency, both in terms of development, production and use of laundry detergents, and in the construction of washing machines and in the optimization of washing processes in automatic washing machines, particularly in terms of reducing their energy performance. .

Claims (1)

Method of spraying dirt standards for monitoring the efficiency of a washing process, characterized in that the pure 100% uncoated cotton textile having a 10 cm adjustment in the warp of 320 to 360 and a weft of 180 to 220 and a basis weight of 70 to 210 gm ^-2 ; blends of cotton and polyester in a weight ratio of 30 to 35 parts of cotton to 70 to 65 parts of polyester of 10 cm in the warp of 260 to 300 and a weft of 200 to 240 and a basis weight of 70 to 200 g.cm divided into five parts, the first of which serves as an internal standard is impregnated with model impurities until a final remission of 15 to 35%, the second part being impregnated with a dispersion of carbon black at a particle size of 2 to 50 nm and paraffin oil in a ratio of 3 to 4 parts to 1 part of oil and then dried at 60 to 70 ° C for 50 to 70 minutes; impregnated with a lysed erythrocyte solution, 4 to 12 parts by volume in 1 volume by volume of benzyldodecyldimethylammonium bromide at a concentration of 0.5 to 1.5% by weight, dried by air flow at 35-37 ° C and fixed at 60-80 ° C for 50-50 ° C 70 minutes, the fourth part is impregnated with a dispersion of 2 to 10 wt. % of cocoa powder in a milk emulsion containing 3-5 wt. di- and triglycerides, 2 to 3 wt.% casein and 4 to 10 wt. lactose or sucrose, then dried at 35-37 ° C in a stream of air and fixed at 85-100 ° C for 50-70 minutes and the fifth part is impregnated with red wine of the Frankovka variety and the possible addition of the Neronet variety, then dry at 35-37 ° C and fixed at 85-95 ° C for 50-70 minutes.