CS259209B1 - Method of contamination textile standards preparation for washing process efficiency following - Google Patents

Abstract

A way of preparing textile standards soiling to monitor work efficiency the process of making model textiles cotton or cotton / polyester blend by standard impregnation and drying four basic types of dirt, namely dispersion carbon black in sarafin oil, lysed solution erythrocytes, a cocoa dispersion powder in milk emulsion, red solution wine varieties Lemberger. One part of the textile is not impregnated - serves as an internal Standard. The solution can be widely used standardization and unification of methods evaluation of the washing process efficiency on the one hand for the production of work as well as constructional washing machine elements.

Description

The invention relates to a method of preparing textile soiling standards for monitoring the efficiency of a dusting process.

Significant benefits in the maintenance of textile materials by washing are, firstly, interventions in the quality of detergents by introducing new chemical compounds with biological agents, in particular enzymes which substantially increase the efficiency of detergents, secondly, design interventions in washing machines and optimizing washing regimes, especially in automatic machines. In order to ensure the objectivity of the monitoring of detergent properties as well as the efficiency of the washing process taking place in washing machines, it is necessary to introduce artificial and standardly soiled fabrics. The preparation and implementation of such model textile standards will make it possible to standardize and unify the methods of comprehensive evaluation of the washing process as well as preparations of individual factors influencing the washing process.

In Czechoslovakia is currently used as a model textile Standard multi-component system prepared according to CSN 81 9230, while the described fabric is adjusted in principle as described in monograph / J. Vyskocil, D. Machac, J. Fecik, J. Petras: Washing in Industrial Laundries, SVTL, Bratislava (1965) /. The composition of the impurity used is unsuitable because its components are unstable and the overall technical solution of the impurity is obsolete. The presence of unsaturated fatty acids in sunflower oil di- and triglycerides alters the performance of these standards according to their degree of oxidation. The draw time of the fabric in the soiling bath is insufficient and the reproducibility of the coating in the manner described is unsatisfactory.

The characterization of the efficiency of the washing process using this Standard is not objective. Moreover, the composition of said impurity does not correspond to any of the types of standard impurities recommended by the International Electrotechnical Commission / Publication no. 456 IEC Central Office, 1 rue de Varembé, Geneva 1978 / to characterize the efficiency of the washing process on an international scale. When evaluating the efficiency of detergents or washing machines in an objective way, the complexity of the impurities should be taken into account and, on the basis of model standards, differentiated monitoring of the individual types of basic impurities during the washing process.

In this regard, H. Br.flschweiler (Textilveredlung 18, 23, 1983) divides natural impurities as follows:

- water-soluble substances / salts, sweat, acids, sugars /

- insoluble solid particles Spins / pigments, dust, soot /

- greasy and oily impurities / oil, fat /

- protein background impurities / blood, milk, cocoa, sauces /

- pollution caused by fruits, juices, wine, colors, rust

- contamination of biomass by micro-organisms.

The contributions of the above-mentioned impurities are attempted in a system of four nododel textile standards (oil and carbon black, blood, cocoa and milk, wine) to capture the company / Eidgenossische Materialprflfung Versuchsanstalt, St. St. Gallen, Switzerland, as described in general by Chemische Rundschau, 30, 5, 1977], but without mentioning the method of their preparation and a more detailed description of the raw materials used.

The above-mentioned drawbacks are eliminated by the process according to the invention, which is based on the fact that pure 100% cotton textile without surface treatment is adjusted to 10 cm in the warp.

320 to 360 and a weft of 180 to 220 and a basis weight of 70 to 210 gm, or, a cotton-polyester fabric in a weight ratio of 30 to 35 parts cotton to 70 to 65 parts polyester 300 and weft 200 to 240 and areal. weight 70 to 200 gm divided into five parts, the first of which serves as an internal standard, is impregnated with model impurities until a final remission of 15 to 35% is achieved, the second part is impregnated with a dispersion of carbon black of 2 to 50 nm particle size and paraffin oil ratio of 4 and 3 parts to 1 part oil and then dried at 60-70 ° C for 50-70 minutes, the third part is impregnated with a solution of lysed erythrocytes, 4-12 parts by volume in 1 part by volume of benzyldodecyldimethylammonium bromide at a concentration of 0.5 to 70 1.5% by weight, further dried by a stream of air at 35-37 ° C and fixed at 60-80 ° C for 50-70 minutes, the fourth part impregnated with a dispersion of 2-10% by weight. % of cocoa powder in a milk emulsion containing 3-5 wt. % di- and triglycerides, 2 to 3 wt. % casein and 4 to 10 wt. lactose or sucrose, then dried at 35 to 37 ° C in a stream of air and fixed at 85 to 100 ° C for 50 to 70 minutes and the fifth part is impregnated with red wine of the Frankovka variety with possible addition of the Neronet variety, then dried at 35 to 37 ° C and fixed at 85 to 95 ° C for 50 to 70 minutes.

The Model Textile and the Model Dirt Standards prepared therefrom, each having the same surface area of 100 to 2,500 cm, are simultaneously used as a load in the washing machine to monitor the efficiency of the washing process. In addition to the possibility of visual assessment of the quality of accessible households without the need for instrumentation, the said system of model textile standards also enables quantification of results using objective spectral methods without the use of risk factors such as impurities eg. specifically labeled with unstable isotope radionuclides.

With the method of the invention, a detailed characterization of the detergent process can be achieved within a wide range of efficiencies, both in terms of washing mechanics and in terms of physicochemical effect of detergents, creating conditions for optimizing the washing process so as to minimize energy consumption and detergent dosing.

Example 1

The model fabric used was a stripped, formed, chemically bleached, uncoated cotton fabric of 10 cm in the warp 320 and the weft 220 and basis weight.

190 gm in the shape of a square with an edge length of 10 cm, one such square was used as the internal Standard of the washing process and the other parts were impregnated with standard impurities. A square is impregnated with a dispersion of carbon black / 2.24 g / a particle size of about 9 nm, a white paraffin oil / 0.56 g / prepared by vigorous agitation / 10 Hz.s ^- * / in 800 ml of carbon tetrachloride. The actual impregnation of the model fabric was carried out in the fullet at 20 ° C and the fabric was pulled off between the squeezing rollers of the fullar so that the bath intake was 100%, then the fabric was dried in a stretched state horizontally at 60 ° C. remission 15%.

A second portion of the model fabric (10 x 10 cm) was impregnated in a filament with a solution prepared from bovine erythrocytes (400 ml) lysed by the addition of 100 ml of an aqueous solution of 0.5 g benzyldodecyldimethylammonium bromide so that the bath uptake was 100%. The fabric so impregnated was dried at 37 ° C in a stream of air and fixation was carried out for 70 min. at 60 ° C. The remission of the impregnated cotton was 15%. A third portion of the model cotton fabric was impregnated with a dispersion of 10 g of cocoa powder in 500 ml of milk containing 15 g of di- and triglycerides, 10 g of casein and 20 g of lactose. The thus prepared mixture was heated to boiling and allowed to cool slowly to room temperature, 22 ° C and poured into a flask of laboratory flask.

The model cotton fabric was impregnated while stirring the cocoa dispersion and peeled on the rollers so that the bath uptake was 100%. The impregnated peeled fabric was dried under tension in a horizontal position in the air stream at a temperature of 35 ° C. Application and drying was followed by fixation at 85 ° C for 70 min. Finally, the impregnated textile was softened by 10-fold stretches along an edge with a radius of curvature of 3 mm.

The remission of the fabric thus prepared was 15%.

the fourth part of the model cotton fabric (10 x 10) was impregnated with red wine of the variety J -3 3

Frankovka / l.dm /, origin Rača, protein content 0,2 g.dm, enriched 0,1 dm red wine variety Neronet, origin Polešovice. After leaving the impregnating bath, the cotton fabric was slipped on the cylinders of the flaring so that the bath uptake was 100%, dried in a horizontal position at 37 ° C in an air stream and the fixation was subsequently carried out at 85 ° C for 70 min. The remission of the cotton fabric thus prepared was 15%. The thus prepared dried specimens of each type of 10 x 10 cm dirt were sewn together with the starting unimpregnated cotton fabric on the sides into a 50 cm long and 10 cm wide strip and each of the strips thus prepared was placed separately between polyethylene films and sealed and stored in a refrigerator at 4 ° C. The shelf-life of the model textile standards belts thus stored was 30 days. From the belts prepared in this way, an automatic washing machine was loaded to monitor the efficiency of the washing process.

Example 2

The procedure is as described in Example 1 except that pure cotton fabric 2 of 10 cm in the warp 360 and weft 220 and a basis weight of 280 gm in a 50 cm square shape is used as a model sample, impregnating soot with particle size about 50 nm (1.98 g) and white paraffin oil (0.56 g) in 800 ml of distilled water using (1 g) di (2-ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate as a dispersant. After the dispersion has been applied three times to the cotton fabric and dried at 70 ° C under tension in an air stream for 50 hours. the fabric standard thus obtained had a remission of 25%. Another part was impregnated with a solution prepared from 1200 ml of pork erythrocytes, lysed with 100 ml of an aqueous solution containing 1.5 g of benzyldodecyldimethylammonium bromide. After drying at 37 ° C and fixation at 80 ° C for 50 min., The remission of the obtained cotton sample was 25%.

Another portion of the model cotton fabric was impregnated with a dispersion of 100 g of cocoa powder in 1000 ml of milk containing 50 g of di- and triglycerides, 30 g of casein, 40 g of lactose and 60 g of additional sucrose. After drying at 37 ° C under tension in a stream of air and fixation for 50 min. at 100 ° C the resulting cotton fabric had a remission of 25%.

The fourth part of the cotton model textile (50 x 50 cm) was impregnated with a red wool of 3-3 varieties of Frankovka, Raca origin (5 dm) with a protein content of 0.18 g.dm. After impregnation and drying, the impregnation was repeated 3 times. The fabric was fixed at a temperature of 37 ° C in the stretched state in a horizontal position by a stream of air and was fixed at a temperature. 95 ° C for 50 minutes. The samples prepared from each type of impurity were sewn into a 2.5 m long and 0.5 m wide strip, stored and used as described in Example 1.

Example 3 '

The procedure of Example 1 is followed in a mixture of cotton and polyester in a ratio of? 2 and a basis weight of 150 g.m.

the difference is that the 30:70 model pattern with a 10 cm adjustment in the warp 260 uses textile and a weft 240

Example 4

The procedure is as described in Example 1, except that the fabric in a 35:65 cotton / polyester blend of 10 cm in the warp 300 and the weft 200 and a basis weight of 120 g.m. Squares of an edge length of 15 cm were cut from the textiles impregnated with the different types of impurities as well as the starting unimpregnated textiles and sewed into a strip of the resulting length of 75 cm. These bands were stored and used as described in Example 1.

Example 5

The procedure of Example 1 is followed, wherein the dispersion of carbon black and white oil is applied from 1000 ml of distilled water using 1 g of sodium dinaphthylmethane disulfonate as a dispersant.

The invention can be widely used in the standardization and unification of methods for evaluating the efficiency of a washing process, both from the point of view of the development, production and use of detergents, and also in the design of washing machines and optimization of washing processes in automatic washing machines.

Claims (1)

Method of spraying dirt standards for monitoring the efficiency of a washing process, characterized in that the pure 100% uncoated cotton textile having a 10 cm adjustment in the warp of 320 to 360 and a weft of 180 to 220 and a basis weight of 70 to 210 gm ^-2 ; blends of cotton and polyester in a weight ratio of 30 to 35 parts of cotton to 70 to 65 parts of polyester of 10 cm in the warp of 260 to 300 and a weft of 200 to 240 and a basis weight of 70 to 200 g.cm divided into five parts, the first of which serves as an internal standard is impregnated with model impurities until a final remission of 15 to 35%, the second part being impregnated with a dispersion of carbon black at a particle size of 2 to 50 nm and paraffin oil in a ratio of 3 to 4 parts to 1 part of oil and then dried at 60 to 70 ° C for 50 to 70 minutes; impregnated with a lysed erythrocyte solution, 4 to 12 parts by volume in 1 volume by volume of benzyldodecyldimethylammonium bromide at a concentration of 0.5 to 1.5% by weight, dried by air flow at 35-37 ° C and fixed at 60-80 ° C for 50-50 ° C 70 minutes, the fourth part is impregnated with a dispersion of 2 to 10 wt. % of cocoa powder in a milk emulsion containing 3-5 wt. di- and triglycerides, 2 to 3 wt.% casein and 4 to 10 wt. lactose or sucrose, then dried at 35-37 ° C in a stream of air and fixed at 85-100 ° C for 50-70 minutes and the fifth part is impregnated with red wine of the Frankovka variety and the possible addition of the Neronet variety, then dry at 35-37 ° C and fixed at 85-95 ° C for 50-70 minutes.