CS248096B1

CS248096B1 - Machine tool for machining workpieces with initial operations

Info

Publication number: CS248096B1
Application number: CS8410334A
Authority: CS
Inventors: Milan Dobrota; Josef Walter
Original assignee: Milan Dobrota; Josef Walter
Priority date: 1984-12-22
Filing date: 1984-12-22
Publication date: 1987-01-15
Also published as: CS1033484A1

Abstract

Stroj je určený na zvarovanie čiel, navftanie strediacich jamiek, osústruženie povrchov, narezanie závitov a iných operácií z oboch stráň obrobkov (6). Je zostavený z dvoch horizontálnych pracovných jednotiek (37, 38), ktorých operačně hlavy majú priamočiaro usporiadané pracovně vretená a kontrolně čidlá (32, 33, 34), a z dvoch vertikálnych posuvových jednotiek (lj opatřených frézovacími vreteníkmi s vlastným náhonom (2) a združeným hydraulickým vysúvacím a spevňovacím zariadením frézy (11). Medzi pracovnými jednotkami (1, 37, 38) je umiestnený krokovací priamočiary dopravník (5) obrobkov (6) s priamočiarymi dopravníkmi triesok po oboch stranách dopravníků (5).The machine is designed for welding faces, drilling centering holes, turning surfaces, cutting threads and other operations from both sides of workpieces (6). It is assembled from two horizontal working units (37, 38), the operating heads of which have rectilinearly arranged working spindles and control sensors (32, 33, 34), and from two vertical feed units (lj) equipped with milling headstocks with their own drive (2) and a combined hydraulic extension and strengthening device for the milling cutter (11). Between the working units (1, 37, 38) there is placed a stepping rectilinear conveyor (5) of workpieces (6) with rectilinear chip conveyors on both sides of the conveyors (5).

Description

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Vynález sa týká koncepcie obrábaciehostroja vysokého výkonu na opracovanie o-boch koncov obrobkov, menovite zarovnaniečiel, navřtanie strediacich jamiek, narezaniezávitov, osústrnženie povrchu a iných ope-rácií, vrátane kontroly uskutočnenia požado-vaných operácií.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a high power machine design for machining the ends of workpieces, namely aligning, centering wells, threading, surface milling, and other operations, including controlling the desired operations.

Doposlal' známe stroje tohto určenia naj-progresívnejšej koncepcie sú zostavené zniekolkých protibežných horizontálnych pra-covných jednotiek s priamočiarym doprav-níkom obrobkov umiestneným medzi pra-covnými jednotkami a usporiadaným do ne-konečného pása. Z oboch stráň dopravníkusú zabudované priamočiare dopravníky trie-sok.Known machines of this determination of the most advanced concept are assembled with multiple counter-rotating horizontal work units with a straight workpiece conveyor positioned between the work units and arranged in a non-final belt. From both sides of the conveyor there are built-in triassic linear conveyors.

Operačně hlavy pracovných jednotiek má-jů priamočiaro usporiadané vřetena osadenénástrojimi v poradí technologického sledu,čím sa dosahuje vysoký výkon stroja. K za-rovnaniu čiel obrobkov však používajú jed-nobritý nástroj čelne sústružiaci, ktorý jemálo výkonný a vyžaduje častú výměnu pootupení. Ďalšou nevýhodou týchto strojov je to, ženie sú vybavené kontrolným zariadením vy-konania požadovaných operácií.Operationally, the heads of the working units have linearly arranged spindles mounted with tools in the order of technological sequence, thereby achieving high machine performance. However, they use a single-tipped turning tool to level the workpieces, which has a powerful performance and requires frequent swapping. Another disadvantage of these machines is that they are equipped with a control device to perform the required operations.

Uvedené nedostatky sú zohladnené v kon-cepci! stroja podl'a vynálezu, podstatou kto-rého je to, že k strojů sú ďalej připojené zčelnej strany stroja, po oboch stranách do-pravníka obrobkov, vertikálně usporiadanésúbežné posuvové jednotky, na ktorých súuložené frézovacie vřeteníky s vlastným ná-honem, na převodových skriniach, ktorých jev spodnej časti uložené puzdro vřetena, tvo-riace hydraulický válec, ktorý má v pred-nom veku upravenú kuželová dosadaciuplochu, o ktorú sa opiera kuželová časťpiestnice, zatial čo zadné veko valca, upra-vené ako pripojovacia príruba puzdra vře-tena k prevodovej skrini, má valcovú vodia-cu plochu s perom pre prírubu piestnice,pričom v dutině piestnice s piestom sú ulo-žené radiálno-axiálne valivé ložiská vřetena,v prednej časti ktorého je vytvořená kuže-lová dutina s peřovou drážkou, do ktorej jezasunutý frézovací třň s perom, z čelnejstrany ktorého je nasunutá před frézu do-brusovacia podložka axiálneho ustaveniafrézy. Ďalej podstatou vynálezu je to, že ík čelupredného veka hydraulického valca je při-pojený bezkontaktný mikrospínač, do štrbi-ny ktorého zapadá clonka, prestavitelneuložená v drážke príruby piestnice, pričommikrospínač a clonka sú umiestnené v chrá-nenom priestore válcového krytu, připoje-ného k čelu predného veka a obopínajúcehovalcovú časť frézovacieho třňa.These shortcomings are reflected in the concept! the machine according to the invention, the essence of which is that the machine side is connected to the machine side, on both sides of the workpiece carrier, vertically arranged parallel feed units, on which the self-guided milling headstocks are mounted, on the gearboxes having a spindle sleeve in the lower part, forming a hydraulic cylinder having a tapered abutment face in the front cover, abutting the tapered part of the sleeve, while the rear sleeve cover, adapted as the sleeve flange the gearbox has a cylindrical guide surface with a tongue for the piston flange, wherein radial-axial rolling bearings of the spindle are disposed in the piston cavity with the piston, in which a conical cavity with a feather groove is formed, into which the milling cutter is formed a spindle with a tongue, from which the axial alignment washer is inserted in front of the cutter rézy. It is a further object of the present invention that a contactless microswitch is attached to the hydraulic cylinder's front cover, a diaphragm that fits into the groove of the piston flange, and the diaphragm is located in a protective space of the cylindrical housing connected to the front lid face and the engraving part of the milling pin.

Konečne podstatou vynálezu je to, že dooperačných hláv horizontálnych pracovnýchjednotiek sú medzi pracovně vretená s uzlo-vými operáciami včleněné kontrolně čidlá. Týmto koncepčným usporiadaním strojapodlá vynálezu sa dosiahlo to, že najťažšieoperácie technologického sledu, t. j. zarov- nanie čiel obrobkov, vykonávajú viacbriíovénástroje, t. j. frézy, čo umožňuje dosiahnuťvysoký výkon stroja s dobrou trvanlivosťounásirojov.Finally, it is an object of the present invention that the control sensors are incorporated between the working spindles with the nodal operations and the operating heads of the horizontal working units. With this conceptual arrangement of the machine according to the invention, it has been achieved that the multi-tool machines, i.e. the milling cutters, make the heaviest operations of the technological sequence, i.e. the alignment of the workpiece ends, which allows a high machine performance with good tool life.

Vertikálně usporiadanie posuvov týchtopracovných jednotiek iprináša výhody ma-lých priestorových nárokov na zástavbustroja. Konštrukcia frézovacieho vreteníkapodlá vynálezu s vlastným náhonom a zdru-žením vysúvania pinoly vřetena s jeho hyd-raulickým spevňovaním prináša přednostizvýšenej tuhosti sústavy, jednoduhšej kon-štrukcie, skrátenia vedlejších časov důleži-tých pre výkon stroja, ako aj vyššej spoleh-livosti zariadenia.The vertical displacement of the feed units provides the advantages of small space requirements for the machine. The design of the milling spindle according to the invention with its own drive and the association of the spindle extension with its hydronic reinforcement brings the advantage of the increased rigidity of the system, the simpler construction, the shortening of side times important for machine performance and the higher reliability of the device.

Začlenenie kontrolných čidiel do operač-ných hláv medzi pracovně vretená s uzlový-mi operáciami zvyšuje istotu, že stroj vyko-ná požadované operácie a súčasne ho chrá-ní před havarijnými situáciami. Příklad koncepčného návrhu stroja podlávynálezu je v půdoryse znázorněný na ob-rázku 1 a v náryse na obr. 2. Rez frézova-cím vřeteníkem je znázorněný na obr. 3 adetail uloženia bezkontaktného mikrospína-če s příslušným krytom je znázorněný naobr. 4.Incorporating the control sensors into the operational heads between the working spindle and the nodal operation increases the certainty that the machine performs the required operations while simultaneously protecting it from emergency situations. An example of a conceptual design of the underlay machine is shown in FIG. 1 and in a top view in FIG. 2. The cross-section of the milling headstock is shown in FIG. 3 and the detail of the contactless microswitch with the respective cover is shown in FIG. 4.

Obrábací stroj na opracovanie obrobkovpočiatočnými operáciami podlá vynálezu jezostavený z dvoch protibežných horizontál-nych pracovných jednotiek 37, 38 s priamo-čiaro usporiadanými pracovnými vretenami,ako aj kontrolnými čidlami 32, 33, 34 v ope-račných hlavách 35, 36, dalej z priamočia-reho dopravníka 5 obrobkov 6 umiestnenéhomedzi horizontálnymi' pracovnými jednotka-mi 37, 38 a z dvoch vertikálně usporiada-ných súbežných jednotiek 1, na ktorých súuložené frézovacie vřeteníky s vlastným ná-honom 2, na převodových skriniach 3, kto-rých je v spodnej časti uložené puzdro 4vřetena 24, tvoriace hydraulický válec, kto-rý má v prednom veku 15 upravenú kuže-Tovú dosadaciu plochu 14, o ktorú sa opierakuželová časť piestnice 18, zatial čo zadnéveko 21 valca, upravené ako pripojovaciapríruba puzdra 4 vřetena 24 k prevodovejskrini 3 frézovacieho vreteníka, má valcovúvodiacu plochu 23 s perom 18 pre prírubu19 piestnice 16, pričom v dutině piestnice16 s piestom, sú uložené radiálno-axiálneložiská 8, 17 vřetena 24, v prednej častiktorého je vytvořená kuželová dutina 9 speřovou drážkou 13, do ktorej je zasunutýfrézovací třň 12 s perom, z čelnej stranyktorého je nasunutá před frézu 11 dohruso-vacia podložka 10, axixálneho ustaveniafrézy 11. K čelu predného vieka 15 je na konzole30 uložený bezkontaktný mikrospínač 29, doštrbiny 28, ktorého zapadá clonka 27, ulo-žená v drážke 26 príruby 31 piestnice 16,pričom mikrospínač 29 aj clonka 27 sú chrá-něné krytom 7. Do operačných hláv 35, 36horizontálnych pracovných jednotiek 37, 38sú medzi uzlové pracovně vretená včleněnékontrolně čidlá 32, 33, 34.A machine tool for machining a workpiece in accordance with the invention consisting of two counter-rotating horizontal working units 37, 38 with straight-spaced working spindles as well as inspection sensors 32, 33, 34 in the operating heads 35, 36, the conveyor 5 of the workpieces 6 is located between the horizontal working units 37, 38 and the two vertically arranged parallel units 1, on which the milling headstocks with their own drive 2 are mounted, on the gearboxes 3, which are located at the lower part a spindle sleeve 24 forming a hydraulic cylinder having a tapered abutment surface 14 in the front cover 15, by which the piston rod 18 is recessed, while the cylinder end 21 provided as a connecting flange of the spindle sleeve 4 for the gearhead 3 of the milling spindle , has a cylindrical guide surface 23 with a tongue 18 for the flange 19 of the piston rod 16, at the flange 19 in the piston rod cavity 16, radial-axial bearings 8, 17 of the spindle 24 are mounted, in the front part a conical cavity 9 is formed by a spline groove 13, into which the cutting mandrel 12 is inserted. A contactless microswitch 29, a slot 28, is mounted on the bracket 30 in the groove 26 of the flange 31 of the piston rod 16, and the microswitch 29 and the shield 27 are protected by a cover. Sensors 32, 33, 34 are incorporated into the operating heads 35, 36 of the horizontal working units 37, 38.

Claims

The function of the machine proceeds as follows: After inserting the workpieces 6 into the clamps of the urea conveyor 5, their axial axial alignment is effected and by pressing the appropriate key to the machine cycle. The straight-line conveyor 5 of the workpieces 6 moves the workpieces 6 by one pitch. The hydraulic clamps center and clamp the workpieces 6, and all the work units 1, 37, 38 return to their basic positions by operating their basic positions in a working cycle. The workpiece clamps 8 release and the workpieces move the workpieces 6 again by one step. Work cycles of all units are repeated. The control sensors 33, 33, 34 check the correctness of the operations performed, in the event of an incorrect operation, the machine control center sends a fault signal and stops the machine. In the steps of the workpiece conveyor 6, other unworked workpieces are tilted into the conveyor by the machine operator or by the manipulator. The end of the last inspection operation of the workpiece is straightened out of the straight-line conveyor and the pallets of machined workpieces roll off the slide. . The function of the milling spindle is as follows: Before the rapid traverse of the vertical drive of the drive unit 1, the drive motor 2 rotates through the gearbox 3, the spindle 24 with the milling cutter 11. During the rapid movement of the drive 1 and the pressurized oil pump 16 is moved with the spindle 24 and a forward position milling cutter 11, where the tapered portion of the pin 16 abuts the tapered abutment face 14 of the front cover 15. The oil pressure is reinforced. The microswitch 29 is moved from the active zone of the aperture 27 to the machine control center by movement of the piston rod 16 and reinforcing the milling cutter 11, so that the feed unit 1 can continue to operate. Otherwise, it stops the after-suv unit and reports a machine failure. The invention can be utilized in the design of the blades for machining both ends, namely, initial operations. OBJECT

A machine tool for machining a workpiece with initial operations, namely, aligning a face, drilling a centering hole, surface-roughening, threading, and other operations, stopped by at least two counter-rotating work units, the operation heads of which have a straight-spaced mandrel provided with tools, directly with a workpiece conveyor arranged in an endless belt, positioned by the working units, characterized in that the workpieces (6) of the workpiece (6), vertically arranged parallel feed units (1) are connected to the machines from both sides on both sides of the conveyor (5); self-propelled milling headstocks (2) on gearboxes (3) with a spindle housing (4) disposed at the bottom, forming a hydraulic cylinder which has a front-end (15) ) provided with a conical abutment surface (14) supported by a conical portion of the piston rod (16), which provides for the back a cylindrical housing (4), a connecting flange, a spindle sleeve (24) to the milling-gear transmission housing (3), has a cylindrical guide surface (23) with a tongue (18) for the flange (19) of the piston rod (16), the radial-axial bearings (8, 17) of the spindle (24) are disposed in the cavity of the piston rod (16), in which a conical cavity (9) with a dowel groove (13) is formed in the front part, of which a milling mandrel (12) with a tongue is inserted, from the front side, which is slid in front of the milling cutter (11), a tamping pad (10), an axial alignment of the milling cutter (11).

2. Machining machine for machining metal by initial operations according to claim 1, characterized in that a contactless micro switch (29) is connected to the face of the front cover (15) of the hydraulic cylinder by means of a bracket (30). a lower closure (27) adjustable in the groove (26) of the flange (31) of the piston rod (16), the switch (29) and the aperture (27) being located in the inner space of the cylindrical cover (7) attached to the face of the front cover (15) of the housing (4j and the rolling end of the milling mandrel (12)).

3. Machining machine for working metal by initial operations according to clauses 1 and 2, characterized in that control sensors (32) are inserted into the operating heads (35), (36) of the horizontal working units (37, 38). , 33 and 34).

4 sheets of drawings