CS239508B1 - Fodder for calfs - Google Patents

Abstract

The feed is intended for feeding calves to 3 months of age with reduced milk consumption and / or dairy feed mixtures. In comparison with baseline is replaced in feed 35 to 40% natural concentrates crude protein and 100% feed sugar with starch synthetic nitrogen concentrate substances. Proposed feed composition it meets the requirement of its production in homogeneous on the factory feed. Helps with suitable feeding technology feed for the earlier development of the digestive system respectively, for shortening milk period, thereby reducing milk consumption feed mixtures under JO kg for bred piece without negative impact on growth and development calves.

Description

The invention relates to a feed for calves in which part of the natural concentrates of digestible nitrogenous substances and further the feed sugar is replaced by a starch encapsulated by a synthetic concentrate.

At present, the main sources of concentrates of nitrogenous substances (hereinafter referred to as N-substances) in feed mixtures for rearing calves of p.routine extracted meal of the 1st quality group, especially soy, further feed of animal origin of fish meal type etc. daily and total milk consumption, respectively. dairy feeding mixtures for rearing calves (hereinafter MKS) per rearing head. The introduction of rational methods of rearing calves, directed towards reducing the consumption of ICS, raises the need for compound feed production and higher nutritional value, especially in the content of N-substances and energy, which compensates for the lower nutrient intake by ICS. While for a normal rearing of calves with consumption of 40 - 50 kg of ICP per rearing piece a kernel mixture containing 9 - 11% of digestible crude protein (SNL) and 50 - 60 starch units (hereafter SS) is fully sufficient, of weaning with consumption up to 25 kg MKS mixture for early weaning (hereafter SC) with content over 16% SNI and 60 ŠJ.

However, the current raw material balance of domestic and imported sources of concentrates of N-substances does not cover the required production of feed mixes with higher nutritional value, and this leads to stagnation in the expansion of rational methods of rearing calves. The production of these mixtures is centrally controlled and these are used mostly in factories with large-scale production technologies, where the traditional method of rearing, characterized by a long period of dairy nutrition, cannot be realized due to the construction-technical solution and the necessity of adhering to the specified feeding technique. If not in these conditions

- 2,239,508 lower intake of milk nutrients compensated by nutritionally high-quality feed mixtures of COT, calves are suffering, which is manifested in low increments, higher morbidity, including premature decommissioning, development of dwarfed and exteriorly harmful animals.

Experiments carried out in recent periods have shown the possibility of replacing part of the natural concentrates of N-substances in mixtures for rearing calves by a combination of synthetic sources of N-substances, especially urea and simple natural sugar sources, such as feed sugar, molasses, possibly. technologically modified and saccharified starches. This solution caused a number of technical problems with the production of these mixtures, especially with their homogeneity, which subsequently had a negative effect on the rearing results. Therefore, these blends have been accepted by practice with considerable distrust and have not significantly expanded.

In view of the need to further reduce the consumption of ICS for rearing calves, which positively contributes to reducing energy intensity and costs, increasing labor productivity and others for rearing, as well as the limited possibility of ensuring sufficient natural resources of N-substance concentrates in relation to foreign exchange resources, solution of a suitable composition of nuclear feed mixtures for rearing calves using domestic sources. At the same time, it was necessary to respect the specifics of the physiological needs of calves with regard to the functional underdevelopment of the gastrointestinal tract and its development in the desired direction and the corresponding growth in the respective rearing periods.

The essence of the proposed solution is to reduce the content of natural concentrates of N-substances such as soybean meal and feed sugar, especially in mixtures of COT by replacing the concentrate of synthetic N-substances, especially urea, induced by colloidal form of technologically modified starch from cereals. other crops, containing 40 - 60% N-substances and 10 - 20% reducing sugars in the dry matter. It is a payment in a mixture of 15 - 20% of the required content of N-substances, respectively. 35 - 40% natural concentrates of N-substances and 100% nutritional reimbursement of feed sugar by the indicated synthetic source. Ingredients - Designed feed for calves Starch-induced concentrate of synthetic N-substances 5 - 12%

- 3 extracted cake rolls, especially 1st quality group cereals - wheat, barley, oats, etc. mill feed products - wheat bran and other forage crops vitaminous mineral feed additives biofactors supplement for calves

239 508

- 22% 42.5 - 72% 5-.10%

- 10%

- 2,5%%

Due to the physiology of calves digestion, starch-induced synthetic N-substance concentrate is a suitable source of SNI and energy, which during gradual hydrolysis in rumen has a beneficial effect on microbial activity and feed ration. As a part of the mixture of COT and suitable feeding technique it helps to the early development of the stomachs, which are an integral condition for shortening the milk period and thus the required reduction of consumption of ICS.

The proposed composition of feed for calves meets the requirement for homogeneous production in conventional feed production facilities. Technology of production of starch-induced concentrate of synthetic N-substances has been solved and these are produced in our company in sufficient quantities under the trade names Syrur and Solur.

The general verification of the proposed feed for calves did not reduce the production efficiency compared to a similar mixture made on the basis of soya extracted meal and feed sugar.

Example 1

Tes to feed. To verify the production efficiency of the proposed feed, calves of an average age of 11 days were taken and divided into 4 balanced 10-member groups. Under the same other feeding conditions, ie the milking period lasted 28 days and the subsequent testing period was 63 days, groups 1 and 2 were fed control mixtures and groups 3 and 4 were tested on composition.

% Component 1 fodder 2 mixture 3 4 soya extracted meal 31.7 14.5 15, - 15, - Flax extracted meal - 5, - 4,5 4,5 wheat 22, - 20.5 15.7 15.8 j ečmen 35, - 27, - 26, - 26, - oat - 10, - 11.2 11.2 wheat bran - - 7, - 7, -

- 4,239,508

wheat feed flour - 10, - - am malt flower 5, - - am bone meal 1.5 - • m lucerne meal - 7, ~ 7, - mineral feed additive 1.5 1 1.5 1.5 dicalcium phosphate 1.5 0.5 0.5 feed salt 0,6 0,5 0.5 0.5 Biofactor supplement for calves 1,5 0,5 1, - 1, - feed sugar 6,2 4,5 - - plasticized concentrate N-Substances - Syrur - 10, - 10, - Artificial sweetener - - - 0.1 am For the test period were reached in in the same order groups the following results 0 daily increments - kg x 0,784 0,665 0 , 933 0,920 with 0,116 0,131 0 , 134 0.139 consumption per 1 kg increment dry matter - kg 2.53 3,28 2 , 70 2.75 SNI - g 365 427 403 403 ŠJ 1.62 2.09 1 , 67 1.68

Example 2

Feeding technique. Calves are limited in milk doses, resp. MKS emulsion, ie when diluted with water in a ratio of 1: 8-9, to 5 - 6 liters per piece and day. Already from the 2nd week of rearing, the proposed feed to the satiety and drinking water, which during the first month of rearing to 25-30 ° C. mixtures. When a daily consumption of 0.5 kg of feed per head is reached, the calves are weaned once. From approximately 2.5 months of age, the doses of the proposed feed are limited with respect to the nutritional value of the large forage, which is then fed ad libitum. The following general feed consumption is foreseen

- 5 age - days

- 10

11-45 46 - 52 53 - 91 total for the period

- 91 colostrum and whole milk

5-6 day consumption of MKS calf feed

0.66

- 60 23.1

0.3

1.4

1.9

95,239 508 lcg dry matter bulky forage

0.05

0.25

0.45

22.6

Claims (2)

SUBJECT OF THE INVENTION 239 SOB Calf food with reduced content of natural protein concentrates consisting of 5 to 12% starch-induced synthetic nitrogen concentrate, 10 to 22% extracted cake cake, 42,5 to 72% cereals, 5 to 10% mill feed products, 5 to 10% of vitamin-based fodder forage, 2 to 2.5% mineral feed additives and 1% calf supplements. Printed by Moravian Printing Works,