CS231218B1 - Antistatic finsishing for polyoephine - Google Patents

Abstract

Antistatic polyolefin coating in the form of granules, fibers, tapes, applicable to other departments in the form of aqueous emulsions, or anhydrous, the active ingredient of which is a mixture consisting of from 10 to 90 wt. higher fatty acids C 8 -C 16 ethoxylated with 8 to 20 moles ethylene oxide per mole of acid and 10 to 90% ha. an alkyl betain schematic formula R ' I® R - N - R IR "- COO® wherein R 'is methyl R "is (-CH 2 -) R is alkyl θΐ2 θ20 *

Description

The invention relates to an antistatic coating which is applied to polyolefins in the process of mixing granules, in the process of spinning, shaping, or in other operations. The antistatic coating is applied in the form of 2 to 100% by weight of aqueous emulsions and provides a significant reduction in specific surface resistance, good adhesion to the polymer, ensuring uniformity of coating as well as good physico-mechanical and processing properties, especially of the undrawn fiber.

The presently increasing velocities at each technological node of the manufacturing and processing process lead to the application of new requirements for the coating of polyolefins, especially fiber-forming. The surface treatment of the granulate to be mixed must, in particular, refer to the requirement of high antistatic efficiency even at very low application rates, as well as the related requirement of high uniformity of coating, which requires optimum viscosity of the surface treatment at the mixing temperature.

In the case where the mixed granulate is intended for remelting and further processing, preferably a concentrated surface treatment containing as low a percentage of volatiles as possible is used. In addition to the high antistatic effect, the surface treatment of the fiber formations intended for further processing must satisfy the requirement of sufficient cohesion of the undrawn formation, the requirement of thermostability, optimum frictional and heat conducting properties and provide protection of the fiber against mechanical damage.

The presently used prepolymer blends of polypropylene (Saline POP) fibers according to Czechoslovakian Copyright Certificate 185 368 contain dimethylsilicon oil and ricinoleic acid oxyethylated with 20 moles of ethyleneoxyde per mole of acid (trade name SLOVASOL EL). These emulsions do not guarantee sufficient cohesiveness of the fibrous formation in the process of quenching and shaping by hot air. The organic component of the preparation quickly undergoes chemical and physical changes in contact with metals, which causes clogging of the distribution system by gel-like deposits, · reduces maintenance of the forming-forming machines, causes unevenness of treatment and thus deterioration of product quality.

U.S. Pat. No. 3,983,272 discloses antistatic treatment of fibers with a mixture consisting of diorganopolysiloxane and phosphorus compounds. Both components of this mixture are biodegradable and therefore environmentally unsatisfactory.

NSR 2,555,896 discloses ethoxylated secondary amine acetates as an antistatic oiling agent. the agent is used in the form of aqueous emulsions, preferably for texturing at high temperatures.

According to German Patent No. 2 415 651, optimum slip-cohesive properties and good processability can be attributed to wine and synthetic fibers with a lubricating agent consisting of a mixture of carboxylic acid C1 to alkylene oxide adduct of alkanediol. The preparation has no significant antistatic effect.

The method of antistatic treatment of fiber-forming polymers according to the Czechoslovak author's certificate 172 374 discloses the use of a sulfonic acid salt. The treatment impairs workability in the melting and spinning process.

According to Japanese Patent 15,717, an antistatic fiber is prepared by treating a higher amino acid with glycerol or polyethylene glycol alkylphenyl ether.

Alkoxylated phenols, which are disclosed in NSR 2,919,918 as surfactants for synthetic fibers, are self-emulsifying, but their emulsions, similar to polyorganosiloxenes, exhibit poor biodegradability.

According to Japanese patent 16 958, an antistatic preparation contains one mono-, di-, or trisulfonate compound having the structure 1-sulfoxy-2-hydroxypolyester. The preparation is intended especially for polyester fibers.

Japanese Patent 138,698 discloses the antistatic properties of an aqueous solution comprising a branched polyurethane and a crosslinking agent. The preparation is fixed on the string by hot steam.

Problems with the use of these compositions in the processing of fiber-forming polymers are solved by antistatic coating of over-forming polymers, applicable in the form of 2 to 100% by weight aqueous emulsions, the active ingredient being a mixture containing 10 to 90% by weight higher fatty acids C8 to C ethoxylated 8 to 20 mol of ethylene oxide per mole of acid and 10 to 90% by weight of the alkyl betaine of the schematic formula

R '

R - N - R '

1 ,, Q

R - COO ^W

where R ' 3θ methyl r is an -CH ₂ - R Is an alkyl C

The ratio of the emulsion components can be advantageously varied depending on the purpose of the coating. The surface treatment for granules containing above 50% by weight of the second component already provides at a content of 0.03% by weight. suppressing static charge on the granulate. The use of a 4% aqueous emulsion for fiber formulations ensures that the desired antistatic effect is obtained at a content of 0.2% by weight of the active ingredients on the fiber. The active ingredients form stable water-resistant emulsions with water, which are biodegradable adequately. Their application to the fiber does not require a separate technological operation.

In the function of surface treatment of fibers and tapes, the preparation mixtures guarantee optimal cohesion and visibility properties, good cable compactness, cable cohesion and very good winding construction. In the case of a polypropylene cable, the suppression of the formation of static charge appears to be an improvement in the processability and an increased production capacity of 10 to 15% compared to the preparation mixture according to the Czechoslovak author's certificate 185 368. '

Example

When mixing a mixture of color concentrates for dyeing POP fibers in the mass, the following composition was used: 30% coconut acid ethoxylated with 12 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of acid, 70% alkylbetaine

The mixture was prepared by mixing both components with a crown stirrer at 25 ° C for 45 minutes. It was used for surface antistatic treatment when mixing granules of color concentrates in an amount of 0.03% by weight of the granulate. The use of antistatic treatment prevented the formation of static charge during the mixing of the granulate in the conical mixer, which was manifested by suppression of so-called. the effect of mapping color concentrates and ensuring homogeneity of the mixture.

Example 2

For the treatment of the POP cable, a 6% aqueous emulsion of the active mixture consisted of: 90% by weight of palm kernic acid ethoxylated with 10 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of acid, and 0% by weight of alkyl betaine.

The emulsion was prepared by mixing the individual ingredients in softened water at 40 ° C for 45 minutes. It was applied to the fiber by means of preparation rollers in the spinning process. The treated POP cable was further lengthened and air-shaped at speeds of up to 25 m / s, while the processing reliability was at a high level. Fiber little following physico-mechanical properties:

Preparation according to the invention SLOVASOL EL strength 2.1 cN dtex ”' 2.06 cN dtex ”' tensibility 68% 70% retraction 3.2% 3.5% Bulkiness 24.6% 22.8% Content preparation on the fiber 0.7 « 0.7% Cohesiveness of the undrawn ribbon fibers after 24 hours 96.4% 84.6% Resistivity 2.8. 10 ⁵ ohm.m ^- ' 7 -1 more than 10 ohm.m. Dynamic coefficient friction 0.27 0.28

The properties of the fiber are compared with those of a conventional production, where a 6% emulsion of ethoxylated ricinoleic acid (SLOVASOL EL) was used as the vapor mixture. The preparation was evenly distributed on the fiber, avoiding uneven shaping due to fluctuations in moisture content and preparation on the fiber.

Claims (1)

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION Antistatic coating for polyolefins, characterized in that the active ingredient consists of a mixture of 10 to 90 percent by weight of a C8 to C8 fatty acid ethoxylated with 8 to 20 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of acid and 10 to 90 percent by weight of an alkylbetaine of the formula