CS214373B1 - Preparation mixtures for spinning, cutting, forming and finishing of synthetic fibers - Google Patents

Abstract

Preparation for synthetic fibers, which improves their dispersibility, formability and further textile processing, containing 0.1 to 15% by weight of active substance, which is a mixture of 10 to 90% by weight of a polyoxyalkylene product of castor oil or 6 to 16 C alkylphenyl polyglycol ether phosphate and 10 to 90% by weight of a component containing 5 to 15% by weight of a 2 to 4 C alkylolantide of 8 to 22 C fatty acids, 2 to 12% by weight of 8 to 22 C fatty acids, 45 to 75% by weight of an ethoxylated mixture of 8 to 22 C fatty acids ethoxylated with an average of 14 to 25 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of fatty acid, 1 to 10% by weight of a liquid hydrocarbon fraction of 8 to 16 C alkylbenzene and 3 to 20% by weight of a 2 to 4 C alkylolantide of 8 to 22 C fatty acids. parts of water.

Description

1,214,373

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to spinning, extruding, forming and final preparation compositions, especially polyolefins, of a fiber size of from 1.3 to 80 dtex. These compositions are applied to the fiber in the form of an aqueous dispersion containing from 0.1 to 15% by weight of the weight of the spinning material under spinning nozzles on the extruding machine fibers, further on the lengths in the cable on the drawing rollers, further on forming before entering the arc head, which works on the principle of mechanical tamping.

These blends, together with preparation mixtures for processing into the final product, are further processed by the textile, such as carding, stretching, spinning, spinning, tearing, cutting, needling, cutting and others. The production of synthetic fibers from the melt requires the use of suitable preparation mixtures, the use of which is necessary in the production process itself, as well as in the processability of the textile fabric in later processing operations. Beyond this, in the case of the synthetic staple fiber mixture, the stopper is based on their affinity for the fiber, which prevents spraying of the preparative aqueous dispersion from the fiber during its formation under the spinning nozzles and the application of a preparative dispersion by means of the preparation knives, thereby contaminating the fiber. Furthermore, good affinity prevents spraying from the upper layers of the spun and deposited undrawn cable into the bottom layer, causing uneven distribution of the preparation in the layers and thus in the final product, resulting in a deterioration of the preparation. workability * for textile operations. It also lays on the solidities that make the basic prerequisite for successful handling of all the technological operations done in the cable and cable, which, with the first prerequisite for the creation of a compact underside cable laid with a canvas into a canvas and a compact cable, ensures a good guiding of individual cables from the system. a towing device system through a bundling device to a wearable drawing, forming, fixation and cutting system. The stop is also placed on the smoothness, which is particularly important in the lengthening and textile management, of the shaping properties which are important for shaping on the mechanical hemming machine, which ensures the formation of a uniformly shaped cable on the device prior to the belt access. the fixation chamber and the good cable routing, the cutting device placed behind the fixation, thereby achieving a uniform cut length of the final cut, which guarantees good textile processing. The stop is also put on antistatic, ecological, thermostable and others.

It is known to use a spinning and finishing agent for the treatment of staple synthetic fibers according to U.S. Pat. of the invention AO 168194, wherein the preparation comprises 3 to 30% of an aqueous emulsion of a mixture consisting of 20 to 80% of a condensate of high molecular weight fatty acids and 12 to 20 carbon atoms in a chain with modified polyglycols having a molecular weight of 100 to 6 Containing about 5 to 50 wt. % of ethoxylated alcohols having from 2 to 10 carbon atoms in the chain and from 80 to 20% of alkyl, aryl, or alkylaryl silicone oil, wherein the alkyl is methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl and aryl is phenyl, with a viscosity of 104 to 106 mPa. s at 28 ° C. The silicone component is microbiologically difficult to decompose. The availability of the silicone component of said preparation agent is problematic from the economic point of view.

Podl'a čs. AO 178544 uses 5 to 15 wt. parts of saturated and unsaturated fatty acid alkyloamides containing 8 to 22 carbon atoms in the molecule, with 2 to 4 carbon atoms, 2 to 12 wt. parts soaked. and unsaturated fatty acids containing 8 to 22 carbon atoms per molecule, 45 to 75 wt. parts of an oxethylated mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids containing from 8 to 22 carbon atoms in the chain and oxethylated on average from 14 to 25 moles of ethylene oxide per average mol of fatty acids, from 1 to 10 wt. parts of a liquid hydrocarbon fraction consisting of alkylbenzene of 8 to 16 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain and 3 to 20 wt. parts of water. This fabric softener does not guarantee sufficient affinity and adhesion to the polyolefin fibers and does not guarantee a compactness that reaches a total density of up to 5,000,000 dtex.

A preparation is also known, which is used for synthetic fibers as a one-component preparation in the form of an aqueous dispersion containing from 1 to 20% of active substance, characterized in that the active ingredient is a common castor oil technical product with 10 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide prepared by adding ethylene oxide to castor oil. This one-component preparation is applied to synthetic staple fibers, and does not guarantee sufficient cable length of up to 5,000,000 dtex.

According to U.S. Pat. U.S. Pat. No. 1,852,612 discloses fibrous compositions in aqueous solutions of polyglycol addition products. This preparation is said to be preferred for polyesters.

Podl'a pat. CH 538 554 recommends for synthetic fibers a preparation having the amine phosphate ester of an alpha-sulfo fatty acid and a fatty acid ester.

According to U.S. Pat. DE 2,447,410 for the preparation of staple fibers is a suitable fatty acid condensation product with an amine until MS. pat. 151 973 for spinning of staple fibers sanavs an alkanoaminoalkylphenol-polyethylene glycol phosphate preparation. All of these preparation blends and shredders tend to require the production of shear fibers in a cable with a total fineness of up to 5,000,000 dtex.

These drawbacks are eliminated by the novel compositions of the present invention which are applied to polyolefinic, polyamide, polyester, polyacrylic and other synthetic fibers which are used in 0.1 to 15% aqueous dispersions of active ingredients in which the active ingredient is: A, which is present in an amount of 10 to 90% and is a common technical polyoxyalkylene product of castor oil with 10 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide, prepared by catalyzed addition of ethylene oxide to castor oil, or used as component A of alkylphenyl polyglycol ether phosphate in alkyl is 6 to 16 carbon atoms aliphatic hydrocarbon moiety containing 1 to 20 molar polymers of propylene oxide-ethylene oxide with a relative mole. weight 800 to 2000 per mole of alkyl-aryl polyglycol ether phosphate. Also, a mixture of said products can be used as a component; component B, which is present in an amount of 10 to 90% and is a mixture of 5 to 15 wt. of saturated and unsaturated fatty, acid containing 8 to 22 carbon atoms in the molecule, with an alkyl of 2 to 4 carbon atoms, 2 to 12 wt. parts of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids containing 8 to 22 carbon atoms per molecule, 45 to 75 wt. part-oxethylated mixture of saturated fatty acids containing from 8 to 22 carbon atoms in the chain and oxethylated on average from 14 to 25 moles of ethylene oxide on average mole acids, 1 to 10 wt. parts of a liquid hydrocarbon fraction consisting of an alkylbenzene of 8 to 16 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain and 3 to 20 wt. water works. We'll use a larger amount of component B to achieve high smoothness! of material and good fortune.

The spinning, lengthening, forming and, at the same time, final preparation mixture of the present invention guarantees a very good fiber affinity for the contents of 0.1 to 1.2% of the active ingredients determined on the final staple fiber, thereby preventing spraying, environmental contamination, and safety. work, prevents spillage from the upper layers on the bottom and thus ensures even distribution of the preparation in the final product - shearing, very good cohesiveness1 and thus the compactness of the cable after preparation on the unloading wall, compactness 1 cable on the central transfer roller, good transition through the pull-down quartet and sash, compactness and good cable pulling from the watering can to the pull-out device and the cable molding device, good cable run through the first to third septet without refining the fibers on the rollers, good paddle to the pre-tray before the fiber wrapper for the war, a good walk into a hemming machine and compactness; the shaped cable behind the beader, evenly laying the cable on the fixation belt, the uniform cable on the cutter, and thus the uniformity of the final cut. Both components of the preparation mixture are microbiologically degradable and satisfy hygienic requirements, are accessible and economically advantageous. Example 1

In the manufacture of carpet-type polypropylene staple fiber with a fineness of 17 dtex prepared by a spunbonded fiber spinning system 342 720 dtex, embedded in a watering can and embossed, shaped, fixed in the form of a cable having a fineness of 6,854,000 and 1,700 extruded. A 3.5% dispersion followed by the composition of the active ingredients was used for spinning, slicing and shaping in the following operation, which was cut with a staple fiber in the following operation: 33 wt. parts of component A which is a technical polyoxyalkylene product of castor oil with 20 moles of ethylene oxide prepared by catalyzed addition of ethylene oxide to castor oil, 57 wt. parts of component B prepared by mixing the individual components in the order of -10 wt. of diethanolamide mixtures of fatty acids C8 to C18 with a major proportion of C12 to C14 fatty acids -7 wt. parts of a distilled fatty acid mixture of this composition: about 10% of saturated fatty acids C1Q to about 7% of saturated single-bonded C1B acid, 60-75% of unsaturated single-bond C18 fatty acid, about 8% of C18 unsaturated fatty acid with 2 double bonds and about 5% of saturated fatty acids C2Q to C22, Z14 Hi4 -62 wt. parts of the oxethylated fatty acid mixture of the above composition with an average of 20 ethylene oxide molecules per average mole of said fatty acids, -6 wt. parts of alkylbenzene with alkyl C 8 to C 16 and 15 wt. parts of water.

The active ingredients of components A and B, respectively, are poured into demineralized water 35 to 45 ° C by warming and the dispersion is ready for application by gentle stirring for 15 to 30 minutes. In the production of staple fibers, this blend has shown good affinity for the fiber, good cohesive bonding of the cable, good draw-off from the can, good operating reliability, cable trimming on rollers where no sticking of fibers, good operational reliability in shaping and even shaping , good running of the shaped cable from the cam, good cable placement on the fixing belt, good cable routing to the cutting device and good and even cutting of the cable to the cut length of 94 mm. For comparison in the production of stitched staple on the same production equipment, a mixed preparation according to MS was used. The same concentration as in the preparation according to the invention, and this showed a substantial worse affinity to the fiber, environmental spraying and contamination occurred, the preparation was sprayed to the lower layers in the cans, the cable placed in the can was not compact, which caused poor storage into the can and, in particular, pulling the cable out when guiding the towing equipment of the bowls, when the cable is being pulled on the rollers, the fiber is glued to the roll and the wobbling why the line has to be shut down frequently and the rollers are cleaned to reduce production. When shaping the guided cable into the beading machine was not evenly distributed, causing the cable to be unevenly shaped in width. The deposition of the shaped bead on the fixation belt as a result of uneven shaping was uneven, resulting in a uniform pulling of the cable behind the fixation as well as problems in cutting the final staple fiber. invention AO 178544 dispersion retention at constant speed in% 37.8 25.0 final fiber content in% 0.6 0.4% precipitation 0.21 0.27 number of curves per 1 cm 4.2 4.3 fineness 'dtex 16,56 16,26 strength' mean cN 52,70 52,54 coefficient of variation of variation 11,66 12,47 relative strength 'cN / dtex 3,39 3,23 elongation' mean value in% 63,60 73 , 56 Example 2

In the production of polyester staple fiber of 1.4 dtex, the spinning mixture was used as a 6% aqueous dispersion and 0.5% aqueous dispersion active ingredients of the composition: 1 a component A, which is a conventional technical polyoxyalkylene product, when drawn and formed. castor oil with 7 moles of ethylene oxide prepared by catalyzed addition of ethylene oxide to castor oil, 90% of component B, prepared by mixing the individual components in order: 5,214,373 -15 weight parts of diethanolamide of a mixture of fatty acids Cg to Clg with major fatty acids C12 to C14 , - 9 wt. parts of a distilled mixture of fatty acids of the same composition as in Example 1; parts of an ethoxylated fatty acid mixture as in Example 1, 9 wt. parts of alkylbenzene with alkyl C0 to C12 and Id - 13 wt. parts of water

In the preparation of the staple with this preparation mixture, the production properties of the preparation according to the invention in Example 1 were achieved and the prepared staple from the cable and the cable exhibited the following mechanical-physical properties: the preparation content on the fiber in% 0.15 dtex 1.39 strength cN / dtex 6.0 ductility in% 55 cut length in mm 38.9 precipitation in% 25 moisture in% 0.5 Example 3

For the production of polyamide staple fibers of 80 dtex, a spun blend was used as a 13% aqueous active ingredient dispersion of: 90% of the component A which is an alkylphenyl polyglycol ether phosphate in which the alkyl is C8 to C18 aliphatic hydrocarbon radical containing up to 20 moles of a copolymer of propylene oxide-ethylene oxide with a relative molecular weight of 000 per mole of alkylaryl polyglycol ether, 10% of component B, prepared by mixing the individual components in the order of: 6 wt. parts of diethanolamide a mixture of fatty acids Cg to Clg with a major proportion of fatty acids 0χ2 to C14, - 3 wt. part of a distilled mixture of fatty acids of the same composition as in case 1, - 69 wt. parts of an ethoxylated mixture of fatty acids of the same composition as that of 1 - 4 wt. parts of alkylbenzene with alkyl C 8 to C 18 and - 18 wt. parts of water.

In the production of this undrawn staple, the individual cables from the convection system pass through: a pull-down device and an assembly of the device into a cable which, in a prestressed condition, passes into the beading machine and proceeds through the cutting chamber. In the manufacture of the undrawn shear preparation mixture, the production properties of Example 1 of the preparation composition of the invention were achieved, except for the lengthening properties or the drawback, and the prepared shear cable and cable exhibited the following physical-mechanical properties: 'staple dtex 80 ductility% 500 strength' cN / dtex 1.3 number of turns per cm 4.5

Claims (3)

Preparations mixtures for the spinning, milling, shaping and finishing of synthetic fibers in the form of an aqueous dispersion containing from 0.1 to 15% by weight of active substance, characterized in that the active substance is a mixture containing 10 to 90% by weight of component A, which is: a technical polyoxyalkylene product of castor oil with 10 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide, with the correct addition of ethylene oxide to castor oil, and / or an alkylphenyl polyglycol ether phosphate, wherein the alkyl is a 6 to 16 carbon aliphatic hydrocarbon residue containing 1 to 20 moles per mole of ethylene oxide copolymer. wt. 900 to 2,000 and 10 to 90% of component B, consisting of: -5 to 15 parts of C 2 -C 4 alkyl alkylamide, unsaturated and saturated C 8 to C 22 fatty acids, -1 to 10 parts of a liquid hydrocarbon fraction consisting of an alkylbenzene of 8 to 16 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, and -2 to 12 wt. parts of unsaturated and saturated fatty acids containing 8 to 22 carbon atoms per molecule, -45 to 75 wt. parts of an ethoxylated mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids containing from 8 to 22 carbon atoms in the chain of the starting acid, oxethylated at an average of 14 to 25 molecules of ethylene oxide per mole of fatty acids, -3 to 20 parts water.