CN109735967B - Dust-free paper fiber oiling agent - Google Patents
Dust-free paper fiber oiling agent Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a dust-free paper fiber oiling agent, which is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: (A) 6-12% of gemini potassium phosphate; (B) 10-14% of a short-chain branched gemini nonionic surfactant; (C) 45-60% of monoalkoxy random polyether; (D) 16-26% of long straight chain gemini nonionic surfactant. The oil agent has small adhesiveness, viscosity-concentration and viscosity-temperature effects, good smoothness and antistatic property, and can meet the requirements of the production process of high-speed dry-method dust-free paper; no toxic and harmful substances are generated in the production process, and the adverse effect on the environment is small; the product has no irritation to skin during application; can be biologically degraded under natural conditions after being discarded, causes little new pollution to the environment, and is an environment-friendly chemical fiber oil agent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an oiling agent used in the spinning process of dust-free hot-melt fibers, in particular to an oiling agent used in spinning a bi-component composite ultrashort fiber which is used for a high-speed production line of dry dust-free paper and takes PE as a sheath and PP or PET as a core.
Background
The hot melt fiber used in the heat seal dust-free paper mainly comprises PE/PP and PE/PET skin-core type ultrashort low-melting-point composite fiber which takes Polyethylene (PE) as a skin and polypropylene (PP) or polyethylene terephthalate (PET) as a core. The super-short fiber with the fineness of 1.0-3.3 dtex and the length of 3-5 mm is close to the length (1.0-3.0 mm) of fluff pulp, in order to adapt to the faster and faster production line speed of the dust-free paper, the length of 3.0mm is the development direction of the super-short fiber, and the using amount of the hot-melt fiber in the dust-free paper is 15-25%.
No relevant documents are found at present in the research on the special oil for the dust-free paper fiber. The oil agent used on the fiber at present in China is basically based on polypropylene staple fiber oil agent and is adjusted according to the requirements of the production process of the dust-free paper. The ultra-short fiber specially used for the dust-free paper has extremely high requirements on length, and needs to have high single-fiber dispersibility and antistatic property in air flow, low friction and low adhesion to a metal screen cylinder or a screen mesh. Therefore, it is necessary for the oil agent to provide good smoothness, antistatic properties and low adhesion.
The basic composition of main raw materials used by the prior dust-free paper fiber oiling agent is as follows: c12-14Straight chain fatty alcohol ether phosphate potassium salt, C12-14Straight chain fatty alcohol ether sulfate sodium salt and the like; smoothing agent: fatty acid polyol esters and polyoxyethylene ether derivatives thereof; wetting agent (hydrophilic agent): water-soluble silicone oil, sodium diisooctyl succinate sulfonate, and the like; a bundling agent: fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, polyoxyethylene ether fatty acid ester, and the like; the oil agent formed by combining the raw materials has the biggest problem of high adhesiveness, particularly, two anionic surfactants are used as antistatic agents, the oil agent is in a viscous semisolid state in the absence of water, and after a small amount of water is absorbed, the viscosity is higher, so that the oil agent attached to the surface of fibers in the absence of water and in a low water content state has higher adhesiveness and cohesive property and a higher viscosity-concentration effect, and the single-fiber dispersibility of short fibers is seriously influenced. On a high-speed dry paper machine, such as a 120-180 m/min high-speed production line of dust-free paper or a higher 400-500 m/min high-speed production line, the electrostatic voltage detected on line is obviously higher, and a large number of bundled sticky yarns exist, so that the density of paper surface fibers is uneven, and the product quality is seriously influenced. If the vehicle speed is slowed down, the production efficiency is reduced by more than 10 percent. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a special oil agent for dust-free paper fibers, which has different performance from that of an oil agent for textile fibers, and which further improves the smoothness, antistatic property, low adhesion and low viscosity of the oil agent to meet the requirement of high-speed production of dust-free paper while ensuring the spinnability in the production of fibers.
In addition, the increasingly higher requirements on the safety of daily-use chemical products are the general trend of social development, and especially, the downstream products using the oil agents, namely dust-free paper, disposable women and children sanitary products are still the largest consumer market of the paper, and most of the sanitary products are directly or indirectly contacted with the skin of a human body, so that the daily-use chemical products have higher safety requirements. The chemical fiber oil agent has low toxicity, no skin irritation and high environmental friendliness, is the most basic requirement of the oil agent contacting with the skin, and the development and production of the chemical fiber oil agent with both use function and environmental protection are inevitable trends of development.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the oil agent has the advantages of overcoming the defects in the prior art, along with small adhesiveness, viscosity-concentration and viscosity-temperature effects, good smoothness, antistatic property and single-fiber dispersibility, and meeting the requirements of high-speed dry-method dust-free paper production procedures. The production process of the oil agent generates no toxic and harmful substances, has small adverse effect on the environment, has no stimulation to skin in the using process, can be biologically degraded under natural conditions after being discarded, has small new pollution to the environment, and is an environment-friendly chemical fiber oil agent.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a dust-free paper fiber oiling agent comprises the following four components:
(A) 6-12% of gemini potassium phosphate, wherein the gemini potassium phosphate is a phosphate anionic surfactant and has the following chemical structural general formula:
in the formula: R-CO is neodecanoyl, i.e.: 2-ethyl-2, 5-dimethylhexanoyl;
r1 is ethylene-CH 2CH 2-or butylene-CH 2CH2CH2CH 2-;
x is ethylene oxide- (CH2CH2O) n, wherein n is 0-3;
(B) 10-14% of a short-chain branched gemini nonionic surfactant, wherein the nonionic surfactant has the following chemical structural general formula:
in the formula: R-CO is neodecanoyl, i.e.: 2-ethyl-2, 5-dimethylhexanoyl;
r1 is ethylene-CH 2CH 2-or butylene-CH 2CH2CH2CH 2-;
y is ethyleneoxy- (CH2CH2O) n, n is 5-8
(C) 45-60% of monoalkoxy random polyether, wherein the alkoxy comprises: isooctyloxy, isodecyloxy or isotridecyloxy; the random polyether is polyether formed by random copolymerization of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, wherein the mass ratio of the ethylene oxide to the propylene oxide is 50/50-75/25, and the molecular weight range is 1000-2000.
(D) 16-26% of long straight chain gemini nonionic surfactant, specifically fatty acid pentaerythritol diester and polyoxyethylene ether, wherein the fatty acid is straight chain natural fatty acid, and the total polymerization degree of ethylene oxide in the polyoxyethylene ether is 20-26.
The component (A) is gemini potassium phosphate, namely neodecanoic acid diester diol potassium phosphate, and is used as a main antistatic agent in the oil agent. The higher the branching degree of the molecule, the smaller the intermolecular force, and the more remarkable the reduction in viscosity and adhesiveness. The hydrophobic base material neodecanoic acid adopted in the oil antistatic agent is 2-ethyl-2, 5-dimethyl hexanoic acid with high branching degree, and the antistatic agent prepared by the method is mixed with the conventionally used C12~14Compared with the potassium phosphate linear alkyl alcohol ether phosphate, the potassium phosphate linear alkyl alcohol ether phosphate has small viscosity and adhesiveness, small viscosity-concentration and viscosity-temperature effects, increased capability of reducing surface tension, increased wetting capability on the surface of the nonpolar PE fiber, and better accordance with the characteristic requirements of the oil agent.
The components adopt a gemini structure, and compared with the conventional single-molecule surfactant, the component is easier to form an adsorption layer with branched alkyl groups oriented to the surface of PE fibers in an oriented arrangement in an aqueous solution, so that the wettability and the adsorption fastness are improved, and the friction coefficient is reduced. Compared with the single type, the antistatic fiber has better antistatic property and is beneficial to improving the smoothness and the wear resistance of the fiber.
The linking group R1 between the gemini is ethylene-CH 2CH 2-or butylene-CH 2CH2CH2CH 2-; if the linker length is increased, the properties of the gemini surfactant are degraded. The chain length X of the hydrophilic nonionic group is ethylene oxide- (CH2CH2O) n-, and n is 0-3, if the polymerization degree n is more than 3, the viscosity and the friction coefficient of the oil agent are obviously increased.
The component (B) is a short-chain branched gemini nonionic surfactant, namely, the neodecanoic acid diester diol polyoxyethylene ether, which is a main wetting agent in the oil agent. The short branched chain of the hydrophobic group and the gemini structure of the surfactant can obtain better wettability, and simultaneously has the characteristics required in the oil agent, such as low viscosity, low stickiness, low viscosity concentration, viscosity temperature and the like. Compared with the common wetting agents in the textile industry, namely sodium diisooctyl sulfosuccinate (penetrating agent OT) and isooctanol polyoxyethylene ether (penetrating agent JFC), the wetting property is increased, and the wetting agent has lower odor and smaller irritation.
The hydrophilic group Y of the component (B) is ethylene oxide- (CH2CH2O) n-, the polymerization degree n is 5-8, if n is less than 5, the cloud point of the surfactant is low, the water solubility is poor, and the wettability is influenced; if n > 8, the ability to reduce surface tension is reduced, also affecting wetting effect.
In the scheme, the total content of the active ingredients of the component (A) and the component (B) in the oil agent formula is more than or equal to 20 percent.
The oil agent is mainly used for the sheath-core bicomponent composite fiber taking Polyethylene (PE) as the sheath, and the surface tension of the PE is lower by 30-31 dyn/cm. The surface tension of the (A) and (B) components in the oil solution of 1 percent can reach less than or equal to 27.4dyn/cm, and the PE can be wetted. Also, since the pre-spin finish for fiber spinning is an aqueous solution with about 1% of the active ingredient, though the gemini type has a lower critical micelle concentration (about 3.5X 10) than the monosomic type—4mol/L) of the components, but when the components are mixed with other components in the finish, the wettability of the PE fiber to the aqueous solution of the spinning finish with 1 percent of effective components can be ensured only when the total content of the components (A) and (B) is more than or equal to 20 percent. If the amount of component (A) is increased to 20% or more to ensure the wettability, the viscosity of the oil agent will be increased.
A component (C): 45-60% of monoalkoxy random polyether is a main component of an oil agent, and in order to meet spinning and stretching requirements in the fiber production process, an aqueous solution of the oil agent generates certain cohesive property; in order to ensure the requirement in the production of the dust-free paper, the oiling agent attached to the surface of the fiber shows good smoothness under the state of no water or low water content. The isomeric alcohol is used as a starting agent in the preparation process, so that the polyether has lower surface tension, better wettability of the surface of the non-polar fiber and lower viscosity. The preferred isomeric alcohol is one of isooctanol, isodecanol, isomeric tridecanol. The wettability of the random polyether formed by the short-chain fatty alcohol with carbon number less than 6 is poor; long chain fatty alcohols above carbon 14 will give a significant increase in the viscosity of the polyether. Compared with random polyether and block polyether, the block polyether has better emulsibility, wettability and heat resistance; the random polyether has the characteristics of small viscosity and small viscosity-concentration effect, and is more suitable for the characteristic requirements of the oil agent.
Wherein the mass ratio of the ethylene oxide to the propylene oxide is 50/50-75/25. In the polyether, the ethylene oxide content is lower than 50/50, the cloud point is lower, and the water solubility is poor; when the viscosity is higher than 75/25, the viscosity of the polyether is remarkably increased, the surface tension is remarkably increased, and the smoothness is remarkably decreased.
The preferred molecular weight range is 1000 to 2000. The molecular weight is lower than 1000, so that the wear resistance of the oil agent is influenced; above 2000, the viscosity and viscosity-temperature characteristics of the polyether are obviously increased, the cohesive force is increased, and the fiber splitting performance of the short fibers is not facilitated.
The component (D), fatty acid pentaerythritol diester dipolyoxyethylene ether, is a long straight chain gemini nonionic surfactant, mainly improves the smoothness in the oil agent, strengthens the fiber separation property of short fibers, and is cooperated with potassium phosphate to increase the antistatic property. The fatty acid is a linear natural fatty acid.
Further, the fatty acid in the component (D) is one of dodecanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid or a mixed dodeca/tetradecanoic acid. C10The following fatty acids are insufficient in smoothness, C16The viscosity of the formed surfactant is obviously increased by the fatty acid. Compared with the linear block type surfactant with the same molecular weight, the gemini type surfactant with the same molecular weight, the single type surfactant or the linear block type surfactant with the hydrophilic group positioned in the middle of the molecule and the hydrophobic group positioned at two ends has the advantages of enhanced smoothness and wettability, obviously reduced viscosity and surface tension and better suitability for the performance requirements of the oil agent in the patent.
The total polymerization degree of the ethylene oxide in the nonionic hydrophilic group is 20-26. Below 20, the cloud point of the surfactant is low; above 26, the viscosity of the stock solution and the viscosity of the aqueous solution increase, and the tackiness and the frictional resistance increase.
The oil agent is a combination of the four components, and can provide an oil agent with small adhesiveness, viscosity-concentration effect and viscosity-temperature effect, good smoothness, antistatic property and single-fiber dispersibility so as to meet the requirements of the production process of high-speed dry-method dust-free paper.
The preparation process of each component of the oil agent comprises the following steps:
a component (A): the Gemini phosphate potassium salt is prepared by taking neodecanoic acid and ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether or butanediol diglycidyl ether as raw materials, performing ring-opening esterification under the action of a catalyst to generate neodecanoic acid diester dihydric alcohol, reacting with phosphorus pentoxide to form phosphate, or performing addition polymerization on ethylene oxide to obtain neodecanoic acid diester diol polyoxyethylene ether, performing phosphorylation, and then neutralizing with a potassium hydroxide aqueous solution until the pH value is 7-8 to obtain the component (A).
A component (B): the neodecanoic acid diester diol polyoxyethylene ether is an intermediate of the component (A) before phosphorization, and the preparation method is the same as that of the component (A).
A component (C): adding one of isooctanol, isodecanol or isomeric tridecanol as an initiator into a polymerization kettle, adding a catalyst, heating, introducing nitrogen to remove oxygen, dehydrating, continuously mixing and introducing ethylene oxide and propylene oxide according to a certain proportion at a certain temperature, completely adding the materials, preserving heat for reacting for 20 minutes after the pressure in the kettle is reduced to be close to zero gauge pressure, cooling, and discharging to obtain the component (C).
A component (D): the preparation process of the fatty acid pentaerythritol diester polyoxyethylene ether is completed in two steps, namely esterification and addition polymerization. Esterification: one of dodecanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid or mixed dodecanoic/tetradecanoic acid and pentaerythritol are used as raw materials, catalytic esterification is carried out at a certain temperature, water generated by the reaction is removed, and an esterification product which takes fatty acid diester dihydric alcohol as a main component is obtained; addition polymerization: the esterification product and ethylene oxide are used as raw materials, and the addition polymerization of the ethylene oxide is completed under certain conditions to obtain the component (D).
In the addition polymerization process of the components (A), (B), (C) and (D), all the input raw materials are converted into products, the atom utilization rate is high, and no three wastes are discharged in all the preparation processes. Component (D) is discharged from the system only by the water produced in the reaction in the esterification step. Therefore, no toxic and harmful substances are generated in the production process of the oil agent, the adverse effect on the environment is small, and the production process is green.
General rule of magnitude of skin irritation, ionic effect of surfactants: cation > anion > nonionic. Influence of polarity size: the less polar the ionic group, the milder it is towards the skin. Effect of molecular weight: the greater the molecular weight, the less permeable to the skin and the less irritating.
The oil agent mainly adopts a nonionic surfactant, and except for monoalkoxy random polyether with the molecular weight of 1000-2000, the oil agent also adopts gemini with larger molecular weight. The anionic surfactant adopted in the oil agent is a Gemini phosphate antistatic agent, the pungency of the Gemini phosphate antistatic agent is less than that of sulfate or sulfonate ionic group, and the Mono lauryl phosphate and the lauryl alcohol ether phosphate belong to surfactants mild to skin and are commonly used in cosmetics. Therefore, the oil agent has no stimulation to skin in the using process.
The oil agent has biodegradability, the hydrophobic groups of all the surfactant raw materials adopted in the oil agent are straight-chain or branched-chain aliphatic compounds, the hydrophilic groups are mainly polyether formed by self-polymerization of ethylene oxide or copolymerization of ethylene oxide/propylene oxide, and the oil agent can be biodegraded under natural conditions after being discarded, so that the oil agent has little new pollution to the environment.
In summary, the oil agent of the patent is also an environment-friendly chemical fiber oil agent.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. compared with a single-crystal type linear antistatic agent, the gemini and branching comprehensive effect of the gemini and branching antistatic agent prepared by the potassium neodecanoate diester phosphate ester with highly branched hydrophobic groups enables the antistatic agent to have better antistatic property, stronger surface tension reducing capability and stronger wettability to a non-polar surface; the highly branched molecular structure ensures that the adhesive is liquid at normal temperature and has low adhesiveness, low viscosity-concentration effect and low viscosity-temperature effect; the oil has better intermiscibility with other components such as polyether and the like in the oil agent, and is more beneficial to improving the comprehensive performance of the oil agent;
2. the oil agent which does not contain organic silicon, has low adhesiveness, lower viscosity-concentration and viscosity-temperature effects, good smoothness, antistatic property and single-fiber dispersibility can meet the requirements of the production process of high-speed dry-method dust-free paper;
3. no toxic and harmful substances are generated in the production process of the oil agent, and the adverse effect on the environment is small; the product has no irritation to skin during application; can be biologically degraded under natural conditions after being discarded, causes little new pollution to the environment, and is an environment-friendly chemical fiber oil agent.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further described with reference to preferred embodiments.
Example 1
The composition is as follows:
a component (A): gemini potassium phosphate (65% of effective component) 15.4%,
in the general structural formula (I), R1Is an ethylene group; n in X is 0 and does not contain ethylene oxide;
a component (B): 10 percent of short-chain branched gemini nonionic surfactant,
in the general structural formula (II), R1Is an ethylene group; y is an ethyleneoxy group, n is 7;
a component (C): 55% of monoalkoxy random polyether and random polyether taking isodecyl alcohol as an initiator, wherein the mass ratio of ethylene oxide/propylene oxide is 65/35, and the average molecular weight is 1200;
a component (D): 15% of long straight chain gemini nonionic surfactant, 15% of lauric pentaerythritol diester polyoxyethylene ether, wherein the total polymerization degree of ethyleneoxy in the polyoxyethylene ether is 24;
a component (E): 4.6 percent of water.
Example 2
The composition is as follows:
a component (A): gemini potassium phosphate (65% of effective component) 12.3%,
in the general structural formula (I), R1Is an ethylene group; n in X is 2;
a component (B): 12 percent of short-chain branched gemini nonionic surfactant,
in the general structural formula (II), R1Is an ethylene group; y is an ethyleneoxy group, n is 6;
a component (C): 50% of monoalkoxy random polyether, and random polyether using isomeric tridecanol as an initiator, wherein the mass ratio of ethylene oxide/propylene oxide is 67/33, and the average molecular weight is 1400;
a component (D): 20% of long straight chain gemini nonionic surfactant, 20% of lauric acid pentaerythritol diester polyoxyethylene ether, wherein the total polymerization degree of ethylene oxide in the polyoxyethylene ether is 22;
a component (E): 5.7 percent of water.
The quality index of the oil agent is as follows:
name of item | Index (I) | Example 1 | Example 1 |
Appearance of stock solution | Light yellow transparent liquid | Light yellow transparent liquid | Light yellow transparent liquid |
Content of effective component | 89%~91% | 90.2 | 90.0 |
Viscosity (mm)2/s) | 50~60(50℃) | 52 | 58 |
pH value | 6-7 | 6.9 | 6.8 |
Ionic property | Non-ionic/anionic | Non-ionic/anionic | Non-ionic/anionic |
Viscosity of 4% water solution | 1.0~2.0mm2/s(30℃) | 1.2 | 1.4 |
Appearance of Water dilution | Nearly colorless transparent liquid (4%) | Near-colorless transparent liquid | Near-colorless transparent liquid |
Surface tension (1%) | ≤30dyn/cm | 29.1 | 29.5 |
The use effect is as follows:
in the normal production process of the dry-method dust-free paper, the electrostatic voltage on the production line is detected on line, and the actually measured electrostatic voltage data before and after the oil agent is used are as follows:
as can be seen from the data in the table above, after the oil agent is used, the static charge amount generated by fiber friction and the like on a production line of the dust-free paper is obviously reduced, the amplitude is reduced by more than 38%, the sticky silk amount of the paper surface is also obviously reduced, the production efficiency and the product quality of the dust-free paper are effectively improved, and the oil agent can be applied to the current high-speed dry paper-making process.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical idea and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A dust-free paper fiber oiling agent is characterized in that: the composition comprises the following four components:
(A) 6-12% of gemini potassium phosphate, wherein the gemini potassium phosphate is a phosphate anionic surfactant and has the following chemical structural general formula:
in the formula: R-CO is neodecanoyl, i.e.: 2-ethyl-2, 5-dimethylhexanoyl;
r1 is ethylene-CH 2CH 2-or butylene-CH 2CH2CH2CH 2-;
x is ethylene oxide- (CH2CH2O) n, wherein n is 0-3;
(B) 10-14% of a short-chain branched gemini nonionic surfactant, wherein the nonionic surfactant has the following chemical structural general formula:
in the formula: R-CO is neodecanoyl, i.e.: 2-ethyl-2, 5-dimethylhexanoyl;
r1 is ethylene-CH 2CH 2-or butylene-CH 2CH2CH2CH 2-;
y is ethylene oxide- (CH2CH2O) n, wherein n is 5-8;
(C) 45-60% of monoalkoxy random polyether, wherein the alkoxy comprises: isooctyloxy, isodecyloxy or isotridecyloxy; the random polyether is polyether formed by random copolymerization of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, wherein the mass ratio of the ethylene oxide to the propylene oxide is 50/50-75/25, and the molecular weight range is 1000-2000;
(D) 16-26% of long straight chain gemini nonionic surfactant, specifically fatty acid pentaerythritol diester and polyoxyethylene ether, wherein the fatty acid is straight chain natural fatty acid, and the total polymerization degree of ethylene oxide in the polyoxyethylene ether is 20-26;
the total content of the active ingredients of the component (A) and the component (B) in the oil agent formula is more than or equal to 20 percent.
2. A dust-free paper fiber finish according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fatty acid in the component (D) is one of dodecanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid or a mixed dodecanoic/tetradecanoic acid.
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CN101519847A (en) * | 2009-03-31 | 2009-09-02 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | Short-fiber oil agent for aromatic polyamide fiber |
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