CS223153B1 - Double-axle indercarriage for quick running railvay vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

The double-axle bogie for fast passenger-carrying rail carriages has a transverse spring rate for each wheel of 106 N/m, and a longitudinal spring rate of 2-5 times the transverse rate. The load carrier (9) is indirectly suspended via a pivoted adjustable pendulum (11), of a length of 500...700m, from the bogie frame (2). The spring movement is plus-or-minus (40 -60mm) along a straight path. The linear transverse spring characteristic is 50-75% of this spring movement, with subsequent progressive characteristics via an additional spring. Hydraulic shock absorbers have a dampening rate of 0.4-0.6 over 90% of the complete spring movement.

Description

The invention relates to a two-axle. chassis - for - fast - rolling stock,. - Especially, for - passenger cars, in which - is wagon ,. the cabinet supported by - a cradle - suspended by hinges and attached in the amount of - · pole - swinging - of the chassis and wheelset, - provided with - worn - profile; - are tied to - chassis - guides - axles flexibly, without play and without wear.

It is known to design a bogie according to the description of the invention to German Patent No. 834-256, in which the double-wheel attachment on the bogie frame is made resiliently, wherein the transverse-spring stiffness of the wheel is 2.106, optionally 2.-5.106 N / m, and the stiffness of the longitudinal spring is - - 7.5, respectively. 20 times the stiffness - transverse - spring. - These elastic values ensure - in conjunction with - the given - wheel profile, - which - is adapted to the profile of the natural - - wear, stable driving behavior at speeds - V = 140 ... - 160 km / h, but - does not reach with optimization between stability and low wear. The vertical -support of the car body on this chassis is carried by means of a torna. In order to prevent the tilting of the box - the wagon in the rail curve and - when rocking - side supports are arranged symmetrically to the torsion bar. Although this support has, in principle, a sufficiently low torque, it does. using - additional - and - in general - uneven - supports - or - abutting - on - lateral - supports - torque - enlargement,. - which - is - undesirable, - arises especially - with - - larger - centrifuges. - forces and, above all, it is completely - uncontrollable - in size, which leads to - shock - - running-in of the wheelsets on - - rail, - - and thus - i - wear - - of the wheels. In addition, -turning on the torsion - - outside the tilt pole of the rotary - takes place. The transmission of the oscillations caused by - tearing - and - deflection to - the wagon body. In the eccentric support of the cradle beam, the - large bending - moments act - and - and - therefore - the beam must be very - dimensional. The longitudinal - beam guide - of the cradle is made in this swiveling - bogie - with rubber sprung - guiding plates or - in the case of a swiveling bogie - with high-mounted guides - outside the pole - tilt.

While in the first embodiment, an additional - undesired - damping - of the secondary roasting and thus a deterioration of the steady running in the vertical direction arises when the vehicle is accelerated or delayed longitudinally, they arouse the latter. - particularly unfavorable - - oscillations caused by sags - the body of the vehicle, - especially if - if it is not possible - to maintain - within small - limits the non-fragility and imbalance - wheels.

Vertical - hanging beam - the cradle - pro223153 kept long, but the multi-part hinges, causing large n ^{C O} Ada, většHio of ^the onstru ^to Hand c ^{h s} part and therefore sentences ^him. number of places where wear occurs.

It is also known such a revolving ^No. Nu chassis in which it is ensured axle guide the bogie frame unilaterally arranged, transversely and longitudinally rigid, a leaf spring formed clue suspension cradle of the bogie frame is constructed d ^l ou ^{H ym,} hinging ^of the stored guide the cradle, the support of the wagon body on the swiveling bogie, is provided by laterally adjusted sliding rails and. the measurement wheels ^{ébky d.} in the frame of the bogie is effected by longitudinal guides cradles, which are arranged low, i.e. approximately at the level of the pole nakldpěrá rotatable about ^{P eh} at ^the transportation.

When used ^to shed ola 1: 20/1: 40 ^l of this trolley wheels during new dosáhhnout good handling characteristics of the vehicle to about ²⁰⁰ km / h and ^p ^ otažernm sinusoidal bending gears. In all ^{w E} · ^y pivotable bogies which are formed on ··· · · záklodě this Rine ^{p p u, s} the owner ^{AK p} · Rinco ^ipiál the disadvantage; consisting in. · that the wheelset · Elongation at rotážen ^{e p s} m ^s m · sinuses. ^P oh ^yb in performance ^and in a ^transverse retativně ^s n ^{s p} l ies Udy ^{it thus} can not be completely ruled out .. __ nákol- undesired contact. ^to US kotejb pnbývajmnu S o ^ ^p třetota ojízdné surfaces while diminishing sine wave length wheelsets, and. team. and run onto the hazard to ^{the stamps} from about ^{l EJ,} and ^S and ^K změíišuje compliance with the design parameters of ^the profile of the ^to-be third ^^ ^p ^ 'b ^t s vёt m ^width, not less deterioration of the ^b axis driving Properties. In order to prevent this, embodiments are provided in one of the variants. of this swiveling bogie, - 'new'wheels' with a profile that is similar to a worn profile. We do this. ^{"The causes} spots ^and vejs · ^s at vtastoostí wear: ... while you still retains a sufficiently-Chod populous:. Htavrn drawbacks ^h o ^d and ^h oto us ořádánr ^p. however, is that the friction effect of ^B by the RNC ^{No. h} after ^ e ^ ^lon after them solid ^p O ^de LNA walk ^to and. ^to the ^skull and ^p o ^del n ^{and p} of manufacture ^{No. some} rigid guides axle counteracts the tendency to move the worn profile. wheels with high frequency, or to move the wheel sets with a small amplitude, thus does not reach the potential OPTI ^AL rnho pnzpůsobení ^{HEA of} rotatable ^{eh d} o ^p of ^the vehicle at ^the o ^p ot ^of Reading ^{e p} roftíu him. He gave ^shi . drawbacks ^h o ^{d s} and of the rotatable pick him ^{p k} u lies in the fact that the path of the side frame. does not operate according to ^the track Wrap m, and this has ^to he note + ^{d. 25} mm. Therefore, neither lateral shocks occurring at ^t and ^{tk kk} ack s path or when ^{p p} r ^y ndaných žových softly absorb shock sufficiently.

Furthermore, there is known a rotating bogie for electric locomotives, in which a double leg is connected^prove^deno^pružn^E I^to in the feed and transverse directions in which torque is generated by supporting the car body. on the side supports, and in which there is a beam^tootab^ky zavě^withen ^ only middle. . nedlených .a. adjustable. hinges,^exwhere^rungn^{á p}rouge^andC^{í d}r^áha totabk^y has^hO^dnote⁵⁵ mm. Bočm^pO^dpThe holes are additionally suspended at a length of 30 mm.^pr^yThe dampers of the manual bumper spring wheel^bky Yippee^prove^deno čt^yřm^and double acting h^ydrauhc^toým^and ttammb^toIt also exerts a small force on the first 25 mm stroke^lengthce o^{d 25} mm^dO⁵⁵ mm^larger force, and p^pThe carriage of the wagon body with the bogie in the horizontal plane is made by nicctalav u^pwrought low - rot^Cn^Em chassis.

The main disadvantage of this embodiment. lies in the fact that the connection is not free of wheelsets ^p rt ^{of b} e en ^s without VM nýtaž ^p rove ^d eno vězdicovými ^{h. p} r ^{y p} r with pink ^alkyl poh me ^ ^ uH in a bath of liquid, and the guide pins. ^TA b ^s pnpojern dvojtoH is vztaedem ^to high demands on accuracy of manufacture expensive. and requires maintenance. Star rubber segments provide some flexibility ^to the twin connection TERA in odétoém ^{p and transverse} lateral direction about the same. big. Such arrangement of the suspension ratio of the bogie. Electric locomotives with large unsprung masses can lead to stable driving conditions, but with swivel bogies, they ^are very personal! Car locks on ^p timalizaci and driving stability. _ wear. Also, lateral support of the car body with phenoplastic surfaces in the liquid bath is not suitable. for. operation and maintenance. It is also necessary to modify namatae tightness ^ y to zahnita znečtétěrn ^p ka al ^{and ny, and} thereby affecting negativmmu friction torque. Keeping co ^skull in oto ^N N ^E M is at a ^{H No.} Oto Joint chassis secured slide plates and baffles. ^T o is' ^é disadvantageous for the reason that these components wear out and can not provide guidance without play. So. but ^from him in e. still shaking torque limit ^and the coach body and · 'revolving ^p o ^d em ^p voz ^to ůsobit ^e stabihzacl · running. Swivel bogie,. especially when 'small rotating movements rotating podvoz ^the USO already ^{p h b} enýc sinus ^{p yb} oh em. Publications by those skilled in the art indicate that some of the features as well as the influence of various parameters of the bogie on the critical speed. is subject to constant investigation. Thus were zj ^y en ^Shoe with ^hl e ^d em abutments protíta ko ^l Optimal him not ^{yp d eh} of various ^Co nn ection wheelset with longitudinal stiffness frying. of ^h o ^d No ^{te N 107 /} MAS stiffness ptaného ^{characterized} Ružena ^{s p h} o ^d of the fifth note ^{107 N /} m. ^h disadvantages těctao tillering with ^{p tp} diversity ^{on, or} in, ^and in that ^it can achieve considerably high although However, due to the high stiffness of the transverse suspension, the shocks occurring when the flanks approach the rail are transmitted to the carriage relatively unsprung. . thus, it is not possible to expect any optimal wear.

^Id is known and published in ^{the LSI} ter ^é m will be explained the importance of the elastic connection of the wheelsets and the friction between the rotary housing vo223153 zu -. and - a bogie. - However, - the choice of - favorable values of elasticity is not carried out - in order to achieve high critical speeds - but on the basis of the 1/20 tread profile used, in particular to - compensate or to minimize the effects of production-related variations - in - a bogie for wear and tear. Also disadvantageous is the fact that - with increasing wear - the wheels do not maintain the adaptation of the bogie to the wheel profile. Also, the effect of friction on turning has been recognized to increase driving stability, but its size must again be adapted to deviations in the swiveling bogie.

The purpose of the invention is to provide a two-axle bogie for rail vehicles, in particular for passenger cars, which can be used well in all speed regions without the disadvantages of the known bogie.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a bogie which, while maintaining known and proven assemblies - and - while ensuring optimal adaptation of the other bogie design parameters - to the tread profile, as well as - other influences / ha above, while at the same time having good driving characteristics, minimal - consumption - propulsion energy and low demands - for maintenance of the swiveling - - chassis for a very long time. - - operation. - This long - operating time should correspond to a 'distance of approximately 400 - 000' - km - and should allow the life of the bogie to be adjusted. unplanned work or unscheduled exclusion of the vehicle from - operation for - maintenance or repair of the bogie.

The principle of the two-axle bogie solution according to the invention is that - the wheelset linkage has a transverse stiffness of 3 to 9.106 N / m for one wheel and a longitudinal stiffness of 6 to 45.10 ⁶ - N / m; the cradles have a length of 500 to 700 mm, furthermore that the transverse suspension formed by the suspension and the auxiliary spring has a straight track. stroke + 40 to 60 - mm, - where - after 50 - 75% of this stroke, the additional spring produces progressive - cross-suspension characteristics, - furthermore, - transverse - hydraulic dampers produce - damping D = '- 0,4 to - - 0.6 - up to 75 to 90 -% of the total stroke - and D <- 0.4 on the remaining stroke - and finally that the moment of resistance in the cabinet support - the sliders is of magnitude

Max. design - speed (km / h) x axle force (kN) ^M (kNm) ^- ----- θ ^: --------------- wheelbase - (m)

Ϊ401ΖΊ00Ϊ

The first of these features, ie the size - lining with a customized - profile and other vehicle parameters, provides good driving stability - up to 200 km / h - and - above. - Relatively - low transverse suspension stiffness and relatively high stiffness - longitudinal suspension means a compromise between - good - stability - driving, loading of the bogie structure by transverse forces - and possible adjustment of the wheelset in the radial direction when traveling by rail - curve. Good - driving stability requires smooth - running of the vehicle - and substantially reduces - wear - occurring between the wheel - and the rail. Relatively - soft - transverse elasticity of the wheelset and its connection - reduces the magnitude of dynamic forces acting between - the track and the - swivel - bogie structure - thereby - decreases - wear between - wheel and - - rail - and reduces the risk of bearing failure and - structural - components making up the connection - wheelsets. Such a connection - a wheel set that meets current requirements - also requires radial adjustment of the wheelset when running along the track, especially the guiding wheelset, which ensures a reduction in wear.

The latter feature, i.e. the long hinge, provides supercritical matching of the transverse and rotational oscillations of the car body relative to the relatively high-frequency inertia movements of the bogie in the rail given by the design parameters of the bogie. Supercritical tuning improves vehicle stability.

The third feature of the invention, which defines the nature of the cushioning - in the transverse direction, has the main advantage of - with such ordered damping - attenuating the entire spectrum of the oscillations that are excited by both the track and the track. vehicle.

Another feature of the invention relating to the torque - between the car body - and the bogie. - positively - affects - the stabilization of the vehicle 's running, - while - however, wear between the wheel and the rail can also be increased. - By such a torque-setting, it is achieved that - at relative rotational movements between - the body - of the car and - the rotating - bogie - it is not greater than with respect to the head-reversal - the torque generated by the profile after about 2 mm transverse - tracks of the wheelset. This further promotes - the stability of the vehicle - and reduces the effort for action to increase wear, especially on the wheel.

By using the above-mentioned - features - of the swiveling chassis of the described type, - stable driving is achieved - reduced - wear - and - minimum values - se - reduces the energy consumption required for - - propelled vehicles swiveling chassis _; according to the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION With respect to the problem to be solved, as well as other advantages attained, are apparent from the drawings and their description.

The invention is further explained in an exemplary embodiment in conjunction with the drawings ^{y, w} e is _ zMzorněn o ^b r. 1 ^b of ^the OR ^y of two-axle bogie according to the invention, FIG. 2 is a section according to line A - A rotatable 1 and 3 shows a plan view of the bogie of FIG. 1.

Dual ^to OLJ 1 ^d Vouni ^stork ravov ^eh for rotatably ^N N ^s with him podvoz ^{to dl} _ ^p o r ^b e o. ¹ maj ^{PROFILE 1 kt} era is, adapted. natural wear between wheel and rail, which has better sliding properties, thereby reducing ^wear, arise ,, c ^{and a} breaking MEM kotejnim when no ^p atm ^e Conversion of ^{C O} Coordinates ^hp HEA in synergy wheel and rail. This naturally reduces the wear profile adapted especially unilateral approaching wheelset with conical profile which is caused ^b s ^and NO výrobmmi totorancemi dvojkoh and tolerances arising during its assembly to the bogie.

Flexible 'connected wheels 1 to the frame 2 of the bogie is effected guides 3 axles, which are for example formed as guides on the leaf springs, and which are on the one hand fastened to the bearing housing 4, on the other hand via flexible ^p RH ⁱⁿ 5 ^to are exercised are formed in the ^y · ^y · F · equal to ^E of the leaf springs on the frame 2 · pivoting bogie, whereby this connection is allowed and will neopotřebov with ^{a r. p} s ^enough n ^{e p} ri ^{C does} not create a longitudinally flexible guide axle 3 is also possible ^EZ upravrt u rn ^{p of} EVN on the frame 2 of the bogie without special ^{p of} the ^Z NYCHA previously ⁱⁿ 5 te ^ ^dy herein ostfedn.icMm ^h ého ^{k onik} .

Vertical ^p o ^d e ^p Creating frame ² rotatably · ^{eh N} N o ^{p p} odvozku rove ^{d eno-p} ostfedrncMm ru n ^fo β axle bearing housing 4 and the first wheel set is also conceivable variant embodiment in which the vertical support frame 2 of the bogie made through rubber elements which simultaneously provides transverse and longitudinal elasticity ^F statements: connection wheelset first vertical support housing 7 on the vehicle frame 2 · bogie is effected through the runners 8 which are self-lubricating and _ are arranged symmetrically with respect to after the Central ^lon n ^e, the Weber rotatably ^No n ^e ^ he ^ ravine beam 9 cradle 10 cradles suspensions, baths, · 12 and undivided, articulated and stored in an adjustable long hinges 11th sknn imposition ^of the car ⁷ to 8 Muznlcmh · in ^{a Y} shape oto ^No Nu torque for stabihzaci jtady vehi ^{dL. T} his točwý torque ^{would be} also possible by · ^{s b} uskutečnlit komfrnari not a separate arrangement pairs _ Elastic elements or hydraulic dampers, which are ^{Aad US: p} or ^d as in any trued ^of the Weber and · in the longitudinal direction.

^p s ^p nn ection carrier ⁹ for co ^{LEB y p} o n ^e m ^lon direction of the wagon on the bogie frame 2 is made without wear and free of play to guides 13 střednictvím two cradles. These cradle guides 13 are needed to allow the pumo to apply the torque on the bogie, i.e. without the soft suspension suspension inserted. In the arrangement of cradle guides 13 is necessary according to the experience ^p finds himself with ^BC Measured ^with EN ^r M tearing at ^P o ^del n ^e m ^e r direction vozto ^ ^k ^ ^ka are exercised ignites Tiarno bogie wheelsets possible unbalance 1. Their transmitting arrangement is damped the guides 13 of the cradle about the level of the pole tilting bogie and depositing ^p r ^YZ b ^s it ^p r ^k u I ^{4 kt} era is progressively flexible in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, between the guides 13 of the cradle and support 9 cradles, p ^{Rip o} n ^{e 2} revolving frame ^No. n ^eh chassis.

Cross beam suspension cradle 9 ^d shall contain the closing hinged · Π. ^Those that hinges 11 are split and on the frame 2 · rotatable ^eh of podvozlku closed in ^the ar ^d -ones ^{of KL} oubu ^{characterized} consists ^of gated ï ^ <^ J ^ i ^and thus ^the BNT ^{y 15 P} ro settings, the position of the buffers at In the case of the wear of the two-spoke 1, the hinges 11 are designed to be adjustable.

In order to utilize the largest possible ^transverse path no ^{h p} of the RU ^from a measurement of ^the at ^{ky l} éb pnmé kotej ^ when jjzdě in a track curve in dependence on the curve radius is limited clearance in the direction of the cradle inside of the curve. This limitation is accomplished baffles 16 are arranged off-center pivot podvoz ^EXPERIMENT In the direction ^{of the} e Stfeda to rotatably ^No n ^e m ^p o ^d cars ^to at which cooperate with abutment trestles 17 of the housing 7 of the vehicle by means of elastic ^.gamma.CH a striking ^{ing 19th}

To achieve a satisfactory ride quality and driving on curved track with a large lateral acceleration becomes active after about ⁵⁰ to · ⁷⁵ _{% ^d RAH ^yp Ri ^N N ^s him ^{p of} the ^Z en ^I beam 9 bolster additional spring 18 progresivrn characteristic ^p sprouting. ^T his additional spring 18 is arranged between the support ^CART em kotébky ⁹ and limit the frame ^{2 and No.} Joint revolving chassis.

The cushioning of the cradle transverse suspension is provided by a hydraulic shock absorber 20, which is fastened without wear by means of a rubber joint 22 between the cradle 9 and the bogie frame 2. A preferred variant of the invention provides instead a damper 20. absorber arrangement of a plurality of such silencers 20 absorbers, part of which operates throughout the path transverse ^p ru ^F ERN and ^b hese ^{to at} connects a toprve from ^H ru ^B and after ^{60% of} the groove ^h y ^{transverse eh} n o ^{p of} the ^Z em. ^The connection between the wagon body 7 and the horizontal bogie is made by a non-head 21 which is mounted on the wagon body 7 and which extends into the support body ⁹ . The guide of the head 21 in the cradle 9 is designed to be wear-free and resilient.

Claims (1)

SUBJECT Two-axle bogie for high-speed rail vehicles, in particular passenger car, wherein the car body is supported by a rocker beam hinged Suspensions and connected in výrn ^p ol ^To ývárn ^p transportation ^to ua wheelset bearing worn profile are tied with the frame 'chassis guides axle flexibly backlash and wear, characterized in that the binding wheelset guides (3) has a single wheel lateral stiffness 3 to 9.10 ⁶ N / m podtenou stiffness to ^t 6 to 45.10 ^{N /} m, d ^{AL e, Z} oF ^and V ^e sk ^{s (11)} close the ^es em ^ alkyl .ébvynálezu have a length of 500-700 mm, the zamac (11) and additional spring (18) formed in a transverse suspension has a straight track zdvto + ⁴⁰ and ⁶⁰ mm, the ^diameter and EMZ ^{No. 50} and ^75% of that of ^{d h} oto vtou in Varia ^{yl adj} AVN ^and a spring (18) progressive springing characteristics of the cross, then the transverse hydraulic damper (20) form a damping d = 0.4 to 0.6 and ⁷⁵ to ^90% o ^eh duties ^to the zdvili U ^at about vypružern Hand ^eh and D ^<0.4 to zbývajmta stroke and finally that the resistance moment support casing shoe having a size M (kNrn) Max. ^to onstrukčm cMost r ^s (km / h) x to the ^p ravová force ^(kN). “· ~ 8ο ~~ wheelbase (m) (40 to IČO) 1 sheet of drawings