CS209762B1 - Mixed synergistic desiccant - Google Patents

Abstract

Mixed synergistic desiccant preparation based on 3-(3-chloro-4-methoxyphenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea, consisting of 0.8 to 50 parts by weight of 3-(3-chloro-4-methoxyphenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea and 50 to 99.2 parts by weight of nitrogen in the form of a eutectic solution of ammonium nitrate and urea or an aqueous solution of urea and optionally 0.01 to 0.4 parts by weight of a wetting agent.

Description

The present invention provides a mixed synergistic desiccant based on 3- (3-chloro-4-methoxyphenyl) -1,1-dimethylurea (Metoxuron, Purivel).

It is known that the maturation of many agricultural crops takes place over a longer period of time. The fruits and seeds of the plants ripen gradually; in the lower or first flowering and only later in the middle and upper or later flowering parts of the generative organs. The mechanized harvesting of such stands (oilseed rape, seed shrubs, parasols, legumes, etc.) requires that the decisive seed and fruit times at harvesting time be in physiological maturity and that individual organs and whole plants are characterized by low water content.

Such a condition is achieved according to weather conditions at various times, however, at a time when many seeds and fruits are already overdone, they easily fall out of plants on the same or mechanical contact and cause losses in effective crop. These losses are significant compared to biological crop and often reach 20 or more percent.

In order to accelerate the process of maturation of cultures artificially, the so-called. desiccation, which refers to the chemical drying of plants. The aim of chemical desiccation is to stop growth in a given phase, caused by an accelerated loss of water from the desiccated plants, to prepare the desiccated crop to be mechanically harvested. It is an artificial intervention that prevents the loss of crops when using modern harvesting technologies.

In many cases, chemical desiccation has other reasons. In the case of seed potatoes, chemical desiccation, acceleration of the drying of the skin results in a reduction of the viral disease and thus better health of the tubers, sometimes higher yield of tubers of suitable seed size and the like. For potato, desiccation reduces fungal infestation and prevents tuber rot during storage. Desiccation of overgrown and overgrown cereal stands saves mechanically non-collectible stands, in sugar beet seed stands desiccation means an increase in the quality and quantity of seed. Fodder desiccation is being introduced, as there is a constant loss in harvesting and preservation. The desiccated crop is harvested without operations such as reversing, squeezing and swathing, which cause losses. Hot-air drying of fodder from desiccated stands leads to a surprising reduction in fuel consumption.

Collectively, chemical desiccation enables mechanized crop harvesting, reduces harvest losses, improves crop quality, mitigates adverse weather effects on harvesting operations, saves on costs and live work, and remarkably saves energy.

A variety of contact herbicides can be used for chemical desiccation in sufficient overdose over the corresponding doses used to selectively kill weeds. Flood-active active desiccants such as sodium chlorate, DNBP, DNOC and other considerably have many disadvantages replaced by quaternary ammonium bases, namely Regione, which contains diquat / 1,1'-ethylene-2,2'- as the active ingredient. bipyridium ion /. More recently, Purivel containing methoxuron as active ingredient (N - (3-chloro-4-methoxyphenyl) -N, N * -dimethylurea) has become of interest.

To enhance the desiccating effect, surfactants, surfactants are added to the spray liquids with desiccants. Common derivatives of polyethylene glycol ether (Agral 90, Citowett, Triton 007), various products under the designation Moni11ant-C-7441, Sandovit Conc., Mineral oils (Togastan) and the like are common. Increased desiccation is achieved by improving the wetting of the plant organ surface after the addition of surfactants to the spray substances.

The desiccation methods used include the preparation of spray liquids by diluting the recommended dosages of the desiccant in water, optionally with the addition of a wetting agent and spraying the crop at a suitable time in volumes typically 50 to 200 liters for air and 200 to 600 liters per ha for ground application. Dosing of desiccants, resp. The volume of spraying is determined by the instructions for use and is specified in more detail according to the desiccated culture, state of the crop, zaburinemaapod.

It has now been found that a very good desiccant effect can be achieved by a mixed synergistic desiccant based on 3- (3-chloro-4-methoxyphenyl) -1,1-dimethylmycin. The principle of the invention consists in that the mixed synergistic desiccant consists of

0.8 to 50 parts by weight of 3- (3-chloro-4-methoxyphenyl) -1,1-dimethylurea and up to 99.2 parts by weight of nitrogen in the form of a eutectic ammonium nitrate solution and urea or urea solution alone. The wetting agent is further added to the mixture in an amount of 0.01 to 0.4 parts by weight.

The preparation according to the invention achieves a substantial increase in desiccation effect, which is manifested by accelerated loss of water from plant organs, drying of plants and accelerated maturation of seeds and fruits, eventually the possibility of maintaining desiccating effect while reducing the desiccant dose. of the active substance desiccant into a mechanism of action, resulting in a synergistic effect.

The composition according to the invention also has the advantage that it is expedient to add nutrients, in particular nitrogen, to accelerate the decomposition in the ground to the organic residues after harvesting the seeds and fruits before plowing them. The composition of organic crop residues is characterized by a high content of cellulose, lignin and a very low protein and ash content. This results in a relatively wide C: N ratio, respectively. C: p20j · The nutrient content of the plowed matter is insufficient due to the high demand of the microflora, mainly for nitrogen, but also for phosphorus when decomposing plowed organic residues. In order not to manifest the nutrient deficiency during decomposition, due to biological sorption of microorganisms decomposing the incinerated matter, fertilizers are normally spread to the organic crop residues before they are plowed, fertilizing the purpose of desiccation and adding nutrients to the crop one action, in the application of the desiccant in liquid fertilizer, in its mixture with water, in addition, saves one working operation in the field.

The plowed organic matter treated with the composition according to the invention is characterized by an increased nutrient content, since by spraying the plants before harvesting they achieve a more even distribution, the organic matter soaks up with the nutrients, ultimately resulting in quicker digestion below.

An advantage of the formulation according to the invention is that the quality of the seeds and fruits is not adversely affected after the use of liquid fertilizers as the diluent for the desiccant dilution. At the same time, the possibility of reducing the dose of desiccants means reducing the toxicological risk

- when the spraying material is applied by air or land

- in case of risk of animal poisoning

- in the reduction of residues in straw and stalks of desiccated crops used for animal feeding.

The following examples illustrate the invention.

Example 1

Winter rape plants / Brassica napus, var. in a greenhouse, they were sprayed with graduated doses of Purivel desiccant diluted in water and in a mixture of liquid nitrogen solution DAM-390 (eutectic ammonium nitrate / urea / water) at a rate of 2 parts fertilizer + 98 parts water, respectively. 6 parts fertilizer + 94 parts water / as well as the same fertilizer / water mixtures without desiccant. On day 6, the desiccation effect was determined by weighing the above-ground plant organs and expressed as a reciprocal value in% relative to the untreated control. The mixture of the desiccant and the fertilizer produced a significantly higher effect than the desiccant itself diluted in water. Fertilizer alone did not reduce the fresh weight of the plants at equivalent doses, and did not have a desiccant effect. From these values / tab. 1) a synergistic effect is evident.

Tab. 1 Comparison of the desiccating effect of Purivel and Purivel + DAM-390

Dose N in DAM-390 desiccating effect in X

Claims (1)

Mixed synergistic desiccant based on 3- (3-chloro-4-methoxyphenyl) -1,11-dimethyl-urea, characterized in that it consists of: 0.8 to 50 parts by weight of 3- (3-chloro-4-methoxyphenyl) -1,1-dimethylurea and 50 to 99.2 parts by weight of nitrogen in the form of a eutectic ammonium nitrate / urea solution or an aqueous urea solution, and 0.01 to 0.4 parts by weight of a wetting agent, respectively.