RU2130260C1 - Method of controlling weeds, herbicide composition, and synergistic increasing herbicide activity - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: biologically active compounds and plant protection. SUBSTANCE: herbicide contained in herbicide composition is chosen from the group including phenmedipam, desmedipam, their mixture, phenmedipam-desmedipam-ethofumesate, methamythrone, and bentazone-atrazine mixture; and SYNERGISTIC can be 1-phenyl-3-(1,2,4- triazol-4-yl)urea or its salt, herbicide-to-synergistic weight ratio ranging from 2.7:1 to 50:1. EFFECT: extended choice of herbicides. 7 cl, 7 tbl, 2 ex

Description

 The invention relates to the use of chemical plant protection products, compositions based on them, as well as to methods of controlling the use of these compositions, specifically to the use of 1-phenyl-3- (1,2,4-triazol-yl) urea as a synergist of herbicides, compositions based on these herbicides with the addition of a synergist and methods of their use for controlling weeds in crops of crops, in particular beets and corn.

 The use of 1-phenyl-3- (1,2,4-triazol-4-yl) urea as a plant growth regulator is known. So, it increases the yield of wheat, soy and grapes (US Pat. US 3836350, 1974), improves the preservation of fruits (US Pat. US 3912496, 1975), shows defoliating properties (Z. Japan 62-249904, 1987, USSR patents 1732651, 1727222) .

 Known herbicidal drug betanal, the active substance is phenmedifam - O- [3- (methoxycarbonylamino) phenyl] -N- (tolyl-3) carbamate, used to control annual dicotyledonous weeds in sugar, fodder and table beets. The drug is ineffective against cereal weeds, ragweed, saplings, and some others (NN Melnikov et al. Pesticides and plant growth regulators. Handbook. M., "Chemistry", 1995, p. 162). Therefore, in practice they use mixtures of phenmedifam with other herbicides that expand the spectrum of action of the drug.

 Mixtures of phenmedifam with its structural analogue desmedifam, N- (3-phenylcarbamoyloxyphenyl) -O-ethyl carbamate, were widely used in beet growing. These drugs are also effective against width.

 The addition of the etofumezate-O- (2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-2-ethoxybenzofuranyl-5) methanesulfonate herbicide to such mixtures solves the additional problem of controlling some cereal weeds (List of pesticides approved for use in the Russian Federation in 1997 Appendix to the journal "Plant Protection and Quarantine", N 3.1997 (hereinafter the "List").

 The known drug goltiks, the active substance is metamitron-4-amino-3-methyl-6-phenyl-1,2,4-triazinon-5, which is also used to control annual dicotyledonous weeds in sugar, table and fodder beets. The drug is used either by spraying the soil before sowing, before seedlings, or in the phase 1-2 of these leaves at a dose of 5-6 kg / ha or by spraying the crops on seedlings of weeds, followed by treatment after 8-10 days with repeated growth of weeds at a dose of 1 -1.5 kg / ha (see "List", Pat. USSR 728687, 1980).

 Metamitron can be used in combination with other herbicides for use on beets, for example with phenmedifam, metolachlor (NN Melnikov et al. "Pesticides and plant growth regulators". Handbook, M., "Chemistry", 1995, p. 101), with propionic esters (US Pat. Germany N 2456310, 1976) or thiocarbamic acid (US Pat. Germany N 2528302, 1977), naphthoquinone derivatives (US Pat. Germany N 3206234, 1983), triazolinone derivatives (s EPO N 362639, 1990) and many other compounds.

 Known herbicide for ladd maize, which is a mixture of two known herbicides - bentazone (20% b.v.) and atrazine (20% b.v.) and used at a dose of 3-4 kg / ha against annual dicotyledonous, including resistant to 2,4-D and some annual cereals (see "List", Pat. USSR N 404188 (1973).

 Mixtures containing bentazone, atrazine and other compounds (3, 4 or more active substances) are also described. For example, in the application of Germany N 2341555 (1975) describes a mixture of bentazone and atrazine with urea. This mixture is effective on cereals (wheat, rye, barley).

 Herbicides are described containing various combinations of triazine derivatives, 2,1,3-benozothiadiazinone- (4) -2,2-dioxide and other compounds, including a composition comprising atrazine, bentazone and a salt of 3,5-diiod-4-hydroxybenzonitrile (c. Germany N 2351553 (1975).

 Information related to the use of 1-phenyl-3- (1,2,4-triazol-4-yl) urea as a synergist of the known herbicides of phenmedifam and desmedifam, metamitron, bentazone, atrazine, etc., was not found.

 By themselves, 1-phenyl- (1,2,4-triazol-4-yl) urea and its salts do not have any noticeable herbicidal properties. Nevertheless, the addition of this substance in an amount of 20-300 g to various preparations based on phenmedifam and desmedifam, to the drug goltiks (based on metamitron) and Laddok preparation (based on a mixture of bentazone and atrazine) can reduce the recommended consumption rates of these herbicides by 1, 2-2 times. Unlike the known synergistic mixtures of these herbicides, including those mentioned in the description, the proposed mixtures can be prepared by adding a relatively small amount of 1-phenyl-3- (1,2,4-triazol-4-yl) urea or its salts directly into the finished formulation (16-18% ec) for preparations containing phenmedifam and desmedifam, 70% wettable powder for holtix and 40% ec for laddock.

 In terms of the active substance, 1-phenyl-3- (1,2,4-triazol-4-yl) urea was added in the experiments for various preparations based on phenmedifam and desmedifam in a ratio of 1: 6.75 to 1:50, for the drug goltiks 1:42 and for the drug laddok in a ratio of 1: 2.7.

 This operation can be done both in the production environment and immediately before use in the field. The experiments showed that the prepared mixtures are stable during prolonged storage and do not lose their activity. The achieved result in the form of a reduction in the consumption rate of herbicides not only reduces the cost of treatment, but also reduces the load on the treated plants and their places of growth.

The following are examples illustrating but not limiting the invention,
Example 1. Tests for herbicidal activity in the greenhouse of mixtures containing phenmedifam and desmedifam.

 Tests for the herbicidal activity of preparations of desmedifam, phenmedifam, their 1: 1 mixture with the addition of 1-phenyl-3- (1,2,4-triazol-4-yl) urea (in the tables "synergist") were carried out in a pot culture. Plants were sprayed in the phase of 4-6 real leaves with preparations, weighed portions of which in the form of active substances were ground with OP-7 and introduced into water. Liquid consumption during spraying is 400 l / ha. Repeat five options.

 The effectiveness of the preparations and their mixtures was determined by the degree of suppression of the ground mass of plants and is given as a percentage of control (water treatment). The test results are presented in table 1 (see the end of the description).

 Example 2. Tests of drugs based on phenmedifam and desmedifamam on herbicidal activity in the field. Tests were conducted on the fields of the Voronezh region. A series of small-scale experiments and production experience were carried out. Small-plot experiments were laid in triplicate. The size of the plot is 50 sq.m. Used beet seeds sugar hybrid PMC-60. The herbicide was applied by spraying from a backpack sprayer. The flow rate of the working solution is 200 l / ha.

Sowing of seeds - April 30, fractional treatment with herbicides - May 30 and June 11. To compare the effectiveness of the methods of using herbicides, one-time treatment was also carried out. The following herbicides were used in the experiment: Burefen FD-11 ^* , Burefen FD-11 + 1-phenyl-3- (1,2,4-triazol-4-yl) urea (hereinafter synergist), Betanal progress AM ^** , Betanal progress AM + synergist in various doses. Consumption rates are given in l / ha of the preparation and kg / ha of the active substance.

 In the process of research, observations were made of the appearance of the first seedlings, the establishment of the final plant density, the state of seedlings after treatment with herbicides.

 Weed counts by species were carried out before each treatment, and also one month after the last treatment.

 The sugar content of beets was determined on a Venema automated line. Harvest was taken into account by the weight method - by counting and weighing root crops from the accounting plots. Before the first treatment on 1 sq.m. fields there were from 30 to 67 cereal and 172-244 dicotyledonous weeds. Monocotyledonous weeds were represented by millet and mouse. Among broadleaf - the width of the thrown back, a relatively large number of cloves, buckwheat species, tenor, tenor, pikulnik. Small amounts of colza, yaruta, tar, marie white, black nightshade, violets, field bindweed.

 When processing sugar beets, the results of which are presented in table. 3 and 4 (see the end of the description), we used the norms of consumption of herbicides and the ratios of herbicide to synergist, presented in table. 2.

 The test results showed that after the first treatment with herbicides, beet infestation by dicotyledonous weeds decreased by 46-55%, and the number of cereal weeds decreased.

 However, before the second treatment, the number of cereal weeds increased to 94-118 pcs / sq. m., which is 2.1-3.2 times more than on variants with fractional use of herbicides.

 The results of accounting for weeds one month after the second treatment with herbicides indicate that Betanal Progress AM with the addition of a synergist with a reduced consumption rate of 1.3-2.6 times is not inferior in effectiveness to the drug without an additive at a recommended dose of 4 kg / ha (see "List").

 Harvest of beets directly depends on the degree of weediness of its crops. The highest yield of root crops was formed against the background of double treatment of beets with herbicides (options 4, 5).

 The yield of beets during single processing significantly (by 3.8-9.1 t / ha) is reduced.

 Example 3. Tests of the herbicide Holtix and its mixture with a synergist.

 Tests were carried out on plots of 50 sq.m., accounting plots - 10 sq.m. The experiment was repeated three times. Beet seeds - hybrid PMC-60. Herbicides were introduced on May 30th. Beets were in the phase of 1-2 real leaves.

 Before the use of herbicides per square meter, there were 285-316 weeds, 2/3 of the total number was dicotyledonous, among which prevailed were breadth, cassock, buckwheat, leafy and bindweed. Cereal weeds were represented by millet and mouse.

 In the tests we used 70% wettable powder of Holtix (AI metamitron) at a dose of 6 kg / ha and its mixture with synergist - 1-phenyl-3- (1,2,4-triazol-4-yl) urea (50 g / ha) at a dose of 3.5 kg / ha for the preparation and 2.150 kg / ha for the active substance, the ratio of herbicide: synergist 42: 1.

 The test results are presented in table. 5 and 6 (see the end of the description).

 The test results showed that with the addition of a synergist, a drug in a lower dose not only does not reduce its effectiveness, but also with its help a greater herbicidal effect is achieved and a higher yield is collected.

 Example 4. Tests of the drug laddok and its mixture with a synergist in corn crops.

 Tests for herbicidal activity were carried out on crops of corn grown on green mass. The experiment was repeated four times, the size of the plots was 5 sq.m.

 Processing was carried out in a phase of 3-5 real leaves of culture. Liquid consumption 200 l / ha. Accounting for weediness - 6 weeks after the use of the drug, accounting for the yield of green mass - during the period of milk-wax ripeness of ears.

 Laddock was tested in doses of 4 kg / ha (recommended dose, see List) and 2 kg / ha mixed with 300 g / ha synergist or 1.6 kg / ha and 0.8 kg / ha + 300 g / hectares of the active substance (ratio 8: 3 or 2.7: 1). The test results are presented in table. 7 and 8 (see the end of the description) 3

Claims (7)

 1. A method of controlling weeds by treating plants and their places with a mixture of herbicide and synergist, characterized in that the herbicide is a substance or mixture of substances selected from the group comprising phenmedipham, desmedipham, a mixture of phenmedipham and desmedipham, a mixture of phenmedipham, desmedipham and etofumezate, metamitron and a mixture of bentazone and atrazine, and 1-phenyl-3- (1,2,4-triazol-4-yl) urea or its salts are used as a synergist with a weight ratio of herbicide to synergist from 2.7: 1 to 50: 1 in synergistically effective amount TBE.  2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that as the herbicide use a mixture of phenmedifam and desmedifam in a mass ratio of herbicide and synergist from 10: 1 to 50: 1.  3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a mixture of fenmedifam, desmedifam and etofumezat is used as the herbicide with a mass ratio of herbicide and synergist from 6.75: 1 to 9: 1.  4. A herbicidal composition comprising a herbicide and a synergist, characterized in that as a herbicide it contains a substance or mixture of substances according to claim 1, and as a synergist - 1-phenyl-3- (1,2,4-triazole-4- il) urea or its salts with a mass ratio of herbicide and synergist from 2.7: 1 to 50: 1.  5. The composition according to p. 4, characterized in that as the herbicide it contains a mixture of phenmedifam and dismedifam with a mass ratio of herbicide and synergist from 10: 1 to 50: 1.  6. The composition according to p. 4, characterized in that as the herbicide it contains a mixture of phenmedifam, desmedifam and etofumezat with a mass ratio of geobicide and synergist from 6.75: 1 to 9: 1.  7. The use of 1-phenyl-3- (1,2,4, -triazol-4-yl) urea or its salts as a synergist that increases the activity of herbicides.

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