CS206143B1 - Method of making the esters of aliphatic carboxyl acids numbering the carbon atoms 8-22 with monosacharids and disacharids - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a process for preparing esters of aliphatic carboxylic acids having a carbon number of 8 to 22 with monosaccharides and disaccharides or mixtures thereof. These products are surfactants with good emulsifying properties and are used as additives to detergents, cosmetics and some food products.

Among the methods used to prepare analogous products, the process utilizing the reaction of saccharides with fatty acid esters in the presence of a basic catalyst, usually potassium carbonate in a polar solvent, usually dimethylformamide or dimethylsulfoxide, is most useful. The saccharide is dissolved in a polar solvent, the fatty acid ester and catalyst are added and heated to 80-120 ° C with vigorous stirring. After completion of the reaction, usually after 8 to 24 hours, the catalyst is filtered off and the solvent is evaporated.

Another group of processes elaborated for the preparation of the above-mentioned substances uses non-polar solvents such as xylene as media.

All of the above processes have the common disadvantage that the solvent cannot be completely removed after the reaction is complete. In the vast majority of cases it remains finite

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Over the years, processes have been developed based on the reaction of carbohydrates with solvent-free esters in the presence of basic catalysts in which the carbohydrate is in the form of a melt at the start of the reaction. Its disadvantage is considerable decomposition of carbohydrate and high demands on technological equipment, especially in terms of the possibility of rapid temperature changes.

This procedure improves the addition of carboxylic acid metal soaps of 8 to 22 carbons in admixture with glycerides. However, these substances are difficult to remove from the reaction mixture and their presence in some cases is detrimental.

According to the invention, the process for the preparation of esters of aliphatic carboxylic acids having 8 to 22 carbon atoms with monosaccharides and disaoharides in the presence of a basic catalyst at a temperature of 100 to 150 ° C, characterized in that 1 to 6, preferably 2 to 4.8% by weight of phosphorylated mono-diglycerides of carboxylic acids of 8 to 22, or mixtures of carboxylic esters of 8 to 22 carbon atoms with monosaccharides and disaoharides in a weight ratio of 1: 0.1 to 9, preferably 1: 0, The product can be used directly for the desired purpose or can be decolorized with 1% by weight hydrogen peroxide.

The addition of an emulsifier to the reaction mixture is of key importance, or? allows interfacial transfer and thus the reaction.

The raw materials are of normal commercial origin and can be used irrespective of natural or synthetic origin.

The preparation of the above products according to the invention is illustrated in more detail by the following non-limiting examples.

Examples

Example 1

To a mixture of 75 g of coconut oil and 3 g of a 1ΥΪ weight ratio of mono-and diglycerides and sucrose ester with lauric acid at a temperature of 125 ° C are added 34 g of powdered sulfuric acid and 5 g of anhydrous potassium carbonate and stirred for 12 hours . After the hot potassium carbonate is set off, a sugar-glyceride with a content of 50.2% of the sugar ester is obtained. The product obtained is bleached by the addition of 1% hydrogen peroxide 30%. The sugar-glyceride thus obtained is a suitable cosmetic ingredient for foam baths or hand cleansers.

Same procedure as in the example. 1, instead of 75 g of coconut oil, 85 g of mink oil is used. The obtained product, containing 45% oukroester, is added as a cosmetic ingredient to luxury toilet soaps.

Example 3

Using the same procedure as in Example 1, 19 g of sorbitol was used instead of 34 g of sucrose. The final product containing 43% sugar ester is a suitable emulsifier for the preparation of emulsions and creams.

Example 4

In the same manner as in Example 1, instead of 75 g of coconut oil, 85 g of tallow was used and instead of 3 g of a mixture of glycerides and sucrose esters 3.5 g of phosphorylated diglyceride prepared from rapeseed oil was used. The resulting 48% sugar ester product is used as an active ingredient in powdered detergents.

Example 5

In the same manner as in Example 1, instead of 3 g of a mixture of glycerides and sucrose esters, 4 g of a 1: 1 weight ratio mixture of the above emulsifier with β-phosphorylated sunflower oil diglyceride is used. The 50% sugar ester product obtained is used as an oil-in-water emulsifier.

Example 6

In the same manner as in Example 1, instead of 75 g of coconut oil, 30 g of oleic acid methyl ester was used. The resulting mixture containing 80% sucrose esters is used as a food emulsifier.

Example 7

Using the same procedure as Example-1, instead of 75 g of coconut oil, 60 g of stearic acid ethyl ester was used. The final product containing 70% higher sucrose esters was used as an inhibitor of the fat efflorescence of chocolate products.

Claims (1)

SUBJECT OF THE INVENTION A process for the preparation of aliphatic carboxylic acid esters having a carbon number of 8 to 22 with monosaccharides and disaccharides in the presence of a bosy transesterification catalyst at a temperature of 100 and 150 ° C, characterized in that 1 to 6% by weight is added to the reaction mixture at the beginning. preferably 2 to 4.8% by weight, phosphorylated mono- and diglycerides of aliphatic carboxylic acids having a carbon number of 8 to 22 or a mixture of carboxylic acid esters having a carbon number of 8 to 22 with monosaccharides and disaccharides in a weight ratio of 1: 0.1 to 9, preferably 1: 0.8 to 2