CS202077B2 - Fodder mixture for agricultural animals - Google Patents

Abstract

Animal feeds based on carbohydrates, protein, and fats and containing from 5 to 20 ppm of the antibiotic Virginiamycin and a content of proteolytic enzymes in such an amount that the enzymatic activity is from 0.05 to 2.5 mTU/gm of said animal feed.

Description

High performance crepes, as commonly used today in intensive livestock breeding, include a number of ingredients for prophylactic and / or nutritive effects. These include other antibiotics and enzymes. The use of antibiotics has already been applied in the creiv sees of all types, enzymes are in practice in a larger era still not used.

The crepe salt used in animal husbandry is generally optimized in all nutrient components so that further improvement does not seem so difficult. Surprisingly, however, it has been found that even optically assembled high-performance creiv can still be improved with respect to the use of creiv. and / or its attainable hormone increment when certain antibiotics are added to the kremlinia along with proteolytic enzymes.

The present invention is therefore a feed composition for commercial animals based on carbohydrates, proteins, fats and, if appropriate, conventional additives, characterized in that it contains 5 to 20 ppe virginiaeycin as an antibiotic and proteolytic enzyme in eoossia sufficient to achieve activity 0, 05 to 2.5 rnTU / g.

Anibiotkkю iirginiaeycin · belongs to the group of peptides. Produces it. one spindle of Streptoeyces virginia and consists of the M-type (Sueer formula C28H35N3O7) and the S-type (Sueer formula C43H49N7O10).

Suitable proteolytic enzymes are obtained, in particular, by cultivation of the e., And isolation from nutrient solutions. The procedures are known. For example, proteolytic enzymes from the eicroorgaoise of Baaillus licheniforeis, Baaillus natta, Beallus subtilis, etc. are used. are acidic proteases, for example from Aspperillus niger or Rhizopus rhizopodiforeis, according to German patent application P 25 28 490.6. Such proteases e and e particularly

Z wide spectrum of activity in a weakly acidic pH range of 2.5 to 6.5. Commercial feed mixtures are designed as soon as possible for the specific needs of each animal species. Their basis consists of carbohydrates mainly from cereal components, corn or the like. Protein sources are primarily soybean meal, fish meal, animal meal, bran and the like. Missing amino acids such as MetLw-in can be added additionally. Fats are added in the form of vegetable or animal fats or waste fats.

Salts such as dicalcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, sodium chloride are added as additional ingredients for body growth. Alternatively, the feed mixture may be supplemented by the addition of trace elements, vitamins, fillers, etc. Even fermentatively produced substances such as unicellular proteins from petroleum fractions or alcohols, various yeasts, protein algae or other substances obtained from waste, possibly also from waste substances, may in part to a large extent be a component of the feed formula. ,

The feed compositions according to the invention contain, in addition to the usual ingredients, for each animal species, 5 to 20 ppm, preferably 10 to 15 ppm, of said antibiotic and proteolytic enzymes in an amount capable of achieving an enzymatic activity of 0.05 to 2.5 mTU / g, preferably 0.2 to 0.5 mTU / g. In particular, virginjminoin and an acidic protease from fungi or a mixture of proteases are used. The feed gain achieved by the feed, or the improved feed utilization, is up to 4% compared to the feed control mixtures containing only the antibiotic.

An effective co-enzyme of virginamycin with enzymes has proven to be particularly useful in chick feed. However, it is also useful in all other animal species in which the use of virginjamycin alone is beneficial, for example in pig fattening and in feed for laying hens.

The antibiotic is expediently added to the feed in the form of a premix, for example bound to soybean extraction meal. The enzyme component in the form of a premix is also applied with the use of a low-fat compound feed. Any component of the feed mixture, e.g. soya scrap. When using steam pelletized feed, the enzymes must be admixed in a suitably stabilized form to prevent inactivation of moisture and heat during the pelletization process. Such a process is described, for example, in German patent application P 26 02 260.6.

To determine the enzyme unit (T /), the proteolytic activity of the protease was determined according to the known Anson procedure: an appropriately diluted amount of enzyme solution was incubated at 40 ° C for 20 minutes with an equal volume of a 1.2% casein solution containing 0, 6% lactic acid, 6 moles of urea and 0.1 moles of citric or acetic acid. PH value. The casein solution is adjusted to 4.5 by adding 2 N sodium hydroxide solution. After incubation, 0.4 N trichloroacetic acid is added in a 1: 1 volume ratio, the precipitate formed. The digested casein is filtered off and the degradation products of the protein formed in the filtrate are determined by any method for protein determination. For example, the method described by Layne in Methode of Enzymmlogy, 2, p. 448 et al. (1957) is suitable for this determination.

A blank value should first be established for each determination; triljooroacetic acid is added first and then the casein solution. This blank value indicates, in addition to the reactive value resulting from the use of reagents, the proportion of low-carbon peptides that is present prior to digestion in the enzyme solution. The roodd1 between the main value and the blank value is then compared with the extinction provided by this method with a certain amount of tyrosine in this assay. This tyrosine shell is then a measure of the proteolytic activity of the enzyme used: the enzyme unit (T /) represents the enzyme shell that releases the cleavage products from the casein solution in 1 minute, eluting with the same extinction as 1 molar tyrone solution. Usually this is in mTU = 103 TU.

Example · 1

270 male Lohmann day-old chicks are fed in the stallions for 6 weeks each with the same compound feed, but

(a) without the addition of an antibiotic or enzyme,

(b) with an addition of 15 ppm virginiamycin,

(c) with an addition of 15 ppm virginiaeycin and 0.45 mTU / g of acidic protease from Rhizopus rhozopodiformis, and at the end of the experiment, the ultimate moisture content and the feed grade are determined. In the case of feed, it is understood the ratio of feed consumption / hmoonoot increment. .

Ingredients .. feed, t% .: soya extract meal 31, 00 maize 55.31 animal meal 5.00 beef tallow 5.80 soybean oil 0.20 Middle calcium phosphate 1, 34 calcium carbonate 0.37 sodium chloride 0.25 DL-Meetonin 0.17 masterbatch with trace elements 0.20 premix with vitimins 0.20 masterbatch with coccidiostat 0.16 100.00

Result:

(a) without addition (b) with the addition of virginiaamycin c) with the addition of virginimycin + E final weight (g) 1 459 1 504 1 524 use feed 1, 82 1, 80 1.72

E = proteolytic enzymes from said microorganisms

Example 2

720 Lohmann broiler males are fed under the conditions of soil breeding. for 6 weeks With a uniform ¹ feed of the composition below and after the end of the experiment, as in Example 1, the final animal's homogeneity as well as the degree of feed utilization are determined. In the case of (a), the feed mixtures also contained only the said ingredients without the addition of an antibiotic or enzyme, in case (b) they contain:

7.5 ppm of irgininiamycin; In case c), it contains an additive of 7.5 ppm virginiemycin and 0.45 mTU / g of acidic proteases from Aspergilus niger. .

Feed composition (%): soya scrap 37.35 maize 52,325 DL-mmeionine 0.3 soybean oil 6.0 Calcium phosphate 1.82 calcium carbonate 1, 03 sodium chloride 0.31 trace elements 0,065 a mixture of vitamins 0.25 ^ οΙ ^ ο ^ Ι ^^ 50% 0.2 cdyieo 0.05 oat husks 0.30

100.00

Result:

a) without additive (b) with addition of virginaarycia C) with the addition of v / v and v + E final weight (g) 1 · 443 1 445 Γ 518 utilizes feeds 1, 90 1, 85 1, 83

E = proteolytic enzymes from said microorganisms

Example 3

768 day-old Hubbard chicks (384 males and 384 females) were. feeds for 8 weeks with the same feed mixes

(a) without the addition of an antibiotic or enzyme,

(b) with an addition of 15 ppm virginammycin,

(o) with an addition of 0,33 mTU / g of feed acidic proteases (E) from Asperrillus niger and Rhizopus rhizopodiformis;

d) as c), but together with 15 ppm of virginamycin and determine the course of the increment of live hmoonoosi and the degree of feed utilization. Feed utilization is understood to be the feed consumption / weight gain ratio. .

Feed composition (in%) for weeks 1 to 4:

soya extract meal 43.0 maize 41, 0 lucerne 3.0 fat 9.0 dicalcium phosphate 2,0 calcium calcium 1.0 sodium chloride 0.3 ^^ - ε ^ οΠ, οι ^ Ιο 0.2 vitamins, trace elements —Oji 100.0

Feed composition (in%) for 5 · ai 8. week: soya extract meal. 35.0 maize 51.08 vojtčška 3.0 fat. 7.0 calcium hydrophosphate 2,0 hydeoLΛliδittk vcpenatý 1.0 sodium chloride 0.3 D, L-meeionic 0,, 12 vitamins, trace elements O.?

100.00

Result:

(a) without addition b) with the addition of virginamycin (c) with an addition. acid protecz (E) (d) with the addition of virgintaeycin and acidic proteases (E, after 6 weeks final weight (g) 1 640 ’1,643 1 637 1 663 degree of discharge of feed 1.94 1.94 . 1.94 1, 89 after 8 weeks final weight (g) 2 292 2 347 2 343 2 390 the degree of discharge of feed 2.83 2.65 2.67 2.62

Better results with a combination of antibiotic and enzymes become apparent, especially after 6 weeks. The achieved lead will last until the end of the fattening period.

Example4 ·.

200 day roos drrUiu Roos (1,600 · ssaneeks and 1,600 females are fed for 7 weeks in the same conditions with the same compound feed, but • a) without the addition of an antibiotic or enzyme;

(i) with an addition of 10 ppm virgintaoyl;

(c) with an addition of 0,36 mTU / g of feed acid proteases (E) from Aspperillus niger and -Ohizopus rhizopodiformis,

(d) as (c), but together with 10 ppm virgintaoycie, and the course of the growth of the nutrient value and the degree of animal feed discharge are determined. '. Feed disposal means the feed consumption / hmoonoot increment ratio.

Feed composition (%):

fish meal 6.0 soya-scrap 26.0 maize 40.0 soybean oil 5.0 wheat 14.5 corn gluten 5.0 LL -m оП ^ п in 0.1 Calcium carbonate (feed) 0.3 vitamins, trace elements, etc. 100.0

Result:

(a) without the addition of an antibiotic or enzyme (b) with the addition of virginiamycin c) with the addition of acidic proteases (E) d) with the addition of acidic proteases and virginiamycin final weight (g) 1 594 1 661 1 607 1 712 degree of feed utilization 1, 95 1.89 1.90 1, 88

Example 5 DL piglets with feeding pens are fed for 24 days in a weight range of approximately 10 to 20 kg each with the same compound feed, but

(a) without the addition of antibiotics or enzymes,

(b) with an addition of 40 ppm virginiamycin,

(c) with an addition of 0,15 mTU / g of feed acidic proteases from Aspergillus niger (E),

(d) with additives (b) + (c) and the progress of the live weight gain and the degree of feed utilization shall be determined. Feed utilization means feed consumption / weight gain ratio.

Stable feed (in jt):

wheat 31.7 maize 29.3 soya scrap 15.0 wheat bran 7.0 oat 7.0 dextrose 4,5 lucerne premix of minerals 2,0 and vitamins   100.0

Result:

(a) without addition (b) with the addition of virginiamycin c) with the addition of acidic proteases (E) d) with the addition of virginiamycin and acidic proteases (E) daily increment (g) 381 394 398 426 degree of feed utilization 2.26 2.26 2.24 2.16

Examples of DL piglets in cages are fed in the weight range of approximately 7 to 24 kg to identically assembled feed which is

(a) without the addition of an antibiotic or enzyme, characterized by

(b) addition of 50 ppm virgináamycin,

(c) addition of 0,2 mTU / g of feed acid protease (E) from Rhizopus-rhizopodiformis,

d) additives b) + c).

For supplementation, animals in all groups receive identically assembled feed. Thereafter, the animals receive their own test mixture, the composition of which is given below. The progress of the hmo0notti increment and the feed rate are monitored. The degree of feed utilization is understood to be the ratio of feed consumption to increment.

Feed composition (%):

Protein feed food 0 times (62.5% soy meal, 25% fish meal, 12,5% mineral premix (substances and vittmins) oat wheat bran barley  wheat. . . maize 18 14 10 ‘ 28 5 -12 100 ALIGN!

Result:

(a) without the addition of an antibiotic or enzyme (b) with the addition of virgináaoycin c) with addition of acidic protease (E) d) with addition of virgináooycin and acid protease (E) daily Шло ^ о ^ и! increment (g) 412 436 425 471 degree of feed utilization 2.08 2.06 2.06 1.98

Example7,

A total of 48 piglets reared on slotted floors without straw bedding are fed from an initial weight of approximately 30 kg in two feed stages up to a final hmoonoot of approximately 100 kg each with an identically assembled fodder that is in feed stage I (30 to 60 kg).

(a) without the addition of an antibiotic or enzyme, and characterized by:

(b) addition of 20 ppm virginiooycine,

c) addition of 0.4 mTU / g. feed acid protease (E) from Rhizopus rhiztptdiftrois,

d) addition of b) + c). .

In the fattening stage II (60 to 100 kg) - the following ingredients are used in the appropriate groups:

(a) without the addition of an antibiotic or enzyme; '

(b) addition of 10 ppm virginimycin,

(c) addition of 0,2 mTU / g feed acidic protease (E). of Rhizopus rhizopodiformis, '

(d) allowances (b) + (c).

Regular weighing determines the progress of the hmoonoot increments and the degree of feed utilization. Feeding grade is defined as the ratio of feed consumption / weight gain.

Animals are fed at two daily doses as recommended by DLG.

Composition · feed (%):

fattening stage I fattening stage II (30 to 60 kg) (60 to -00 kg) barley 20 May 22nd maize 20 May 22nd wheat 15 Dec 22nd oat 15 Dec ·> - wheat bran 9 21.5 fish meal 7 3 soya scrap 12 8 mineral feed 2 - -L5 100 ' 100.0 Result (both stages in total / 30 to 100 kg /): and) (b) C) d) ' without. with addition with addition with addition addition virginíamy- sour virginaemy- antibio- Tin proteases (E) tin and ky- tika or selé pro- enzyme thasis (E) daily hmoonc> otní increment (g) 674 , 722 712 753 degree of feed utilization ' 3.31 3.18 3.25 3.14

OF THE INVENTION

Claims (2)

What is claimed is: 1. A feed composition for commercial animals based on carbohydrates, proteins, fats and, if appropriate, customary additives, characterized in that it contains 5 to 20 ppm of the antibiotic virgininiamycin and proteolytic enzymes. Feed composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the proteolytic enzymes are acidic proteases with a spectrum of activity at a pH in the range of 2.5 to 6.5.