CS201503B2 - Melt alkali salts for the purification of low-alloy and plain carbon steel - Google Patents
Melt alkali salts for the purification of low-alloy and plain carbon steel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CS201503B2 CS201503B2 CS844974A CS844974A CS201503B2 CS 201503 B2 CS201503 B2 CS 201503B2 CS 844974 A CS844974 A CS 844974A CS 844974 A CS844974 A CS 844974A CS 201503 B2 CS201503 B2 CS 201503B2
- Authority
- CS
- Czechoslovakia
- Prior art keywords
- alloy
- low
- purification
- carbon steel
- alkali salts
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 4
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title 1
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 title 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- -1 Ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 159000000011 group IA salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium borate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/28—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with molten salts
- C23G1/32—Heavy metals
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
Abstract
Description
(54) Alkalická solná tavenina pro čištění nízko legované a nelegované oceli(54) Alkaline salt melt for cleaning low-alloy and non-alloy steel
Vynález se vztahuje na alkalickou solnou taveninu při čistění legované a nelegované oceli a také železa při teplotě od 300 °C do600 °C a expoziční době do 120 minut.The invention relates to an alkaline salt melt in the purification of alloyed and non-alloy steel as well as iron at a temperature of from 300 ° C to 600 ° C and an exposure time of up to 120 minutes.
Ocel a železo· se pro dosažení kovově čistého povrchu moří obvykle v anorganických kyselinách různé koncentrace. Doba moření je od několika málo minut až do několika hodin, což závisí na tloušťce a složení vrstvy řezu a okují. Dále je známo, že ocel a železo lze výhodně mořit v alkalických taveninách solí. Po zpracování oceli neboželeza v alkalické mořicí lázni se podstatně zkracuje doba potřebná pro následné moření v anorganických kyselinách, protože v alkalické lázni se vrstva řezu nebo okují intenzívně uvolní.Steel and iron usually have different concentrations in the inorganic acids to achieve a metallic clean marine surface. The pickling time is from a few minutes to several hours, depending on the thickness and composition of the cut and scale layer. It is further known that steel and iron can preferably be pickled in alkaline salt melts. After the treatment of the steel or iron in the alkaline pickling bath, the time required for subsequent pickling in inorganic acids is considerably reduced, since in the alkaline bath the cut or scale layer is intensively released.
Dlouhá doba moření oceli nebo železa v kyselé lázni způsobuje přirozeně značný úbytek mořeného kovu. Mimoto· do- povrchových vrstev mořeného materiálu proniká vodík, čímž se kvalita povrchu mořeného materiálu snižuje. Velkou nevýhodou je značně obtížná likvidace kyselých lázní a kyselých odpadních vod, jež je nutná s ohledem na životní prostředí, zejména s ohledem na ochranu čistoty vod. Příslušné čistírny odpadních vod jsou náročné na proStor a investičně jsou velmi nákladné, značné potíže a přídavné náklady způsobuje od2 straňování mastných nečistot z povrchu předmětů, určených k moření, jež je při moření v kyselých lázních nezbytné. Odstraňování mastných nečistot se provádí buď mechanicky nebo chemicky.The long pickling time of steel or iron in the acid bath naturally causes a considerable loss of pickled metal. In addition, hydrogen penetrates the surface layers of the pickled material, thereby reducing the surface quality of the pickled material. A major disadvantage is the very difficult disposal of acid baths and acid waste water, which is necessary with regard to the environment, especially with regard to the protection of water purity. The respective wastewater treatment plants are space-intensive and are very expensive to invest, considerable inconvenience and additional costs are caused by the removal of greasy impurities from the surface of the items to be pickled, which is necessary for pickling in acid baths. Removal of greasy impurities is carried out either mechanically or chemically.
Účelem vynálezu je vytvořit lázeň pro čištění nízkolegované a nelegované oceli, jakož i železa, jež by nezpůsobovala úbytek mořeného· materiálu a křehkost po moření.The purpose of the invention is to provide a bath for cleaning low-alloy and unalloyed steel as well as iron which does not cause pickling loss and brittleness after pickling.
Úkolem· vynálezu je vytvořit alkalickou solnou taveninu ;pro· čištění nízkolegované a nelegované oceli, jakož i železa, umožňující odstranění vrstev rzi, okují a nečistot, zejména mastných, a to· v čase, který je podstatně kratší než při moření v anorganických kyselých lázních.It is an object of the present invention to provide an alkaline salt melt ; for the cleaning of low-alloy and unalloyed steel as well as iron, allowing the removal of layers of rust, scale and dirt, especially greasy, at a time which is considerably shorter than in pickling in inorganic acid baths.
Úloha je řešena, vytvořením alkalické solné taveniny pro· čištění nízkolegované a nelegované oceli, jakož i železa při teplotě od 300 cc do· 600 °C a expoziční době do 120· minut podle vynálezu, jehož podstata spočívá v tom, že alkalická solná tavenina sestává podle hmotnosti z 50 až 89,9 % žíravých louhů, 10 až 40 % boritanů a fosforečnanů alkalických kovů a kovů žíravých zemin jednotlvě, nebo v kombinaci a 0,1 až 10 % karbidu křemíku.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide an alkaline salt melt for the purification of low-alloy and unalloyed steel as well as iron at a temperature of 300 to 600 ° C and an exposure time of up to 120 minutes according to the invention. by weight, from 50 to 89.9% caustic lyes, 10 to 40% alkali and alkaline earth metal borates and phosphates singly or in combination and 0.1 to 10% silicon carbide.
Při užití alkalické solné taveniny pro čištění nízkolegované a nelegované oceli, jakož i železa podle vynálezu není nutno neutralizovat zbytky kyselin na povrchu čištěných předmětů, čímž odpadá jedna pracovní operace. Rovněž není nutno před mořením zbavovat povrch čištěných předmětů mastnot a jiných organických nečistot. Povrch kovových předmětů není naleiptáván kyselinami, takže nevzniká žádný úbytek materiálu. Kvalita povrchových vrstev kovu není narušována pronikáním vodíku. Čištění a neutralizace alkalických odpadních vod je snažší než vod kyselých.When using an alkaline salt melt for cleaning low-alloy and unalloyed steel as well as iron according to the invention, it is not necessary to neutralize the acid residues on the surface of the objects to be cleaned, thus eliminating one operation. It is also not necessary to clean the surface of the cleaned objects of grease and other organic impurities before pickling. The surface of metal objects is not acid-encoded, so there is no material loss. The quality of the metal surface layers is not impaired by hydrogen penetration. Purification and neutralization of alkaline waste water is easier than acidic water.
Použití alkalické solné taveniny pro čištění nízkolegované, nelegované oceli, jakož i železa podle vynálezu je podrobněji vysvětleno tímto příkladem:The use of an alkaline salt melt for the purification of the low alloy, unalloyed steel as well as the iron of the invention is explained in more detail by the following example:
Plechy z nelegované oceli o pevnosti 380Non - alloy steel sheets of strength
MPa, pokryté vrstvou kysličníků a okují o tloušťce cca 0,1 imm byly ponořeny do alkalické solné lázně, obsahující podle hmotnosti 80 % hydroxidu sodného·, 17 % tetra boritanu sodného a 3 % karbidu křemíku. Teplota lázně činila 470 °C. Po 25 minutách se plechy vytáhly z alkalické solné lázně a opláchly studenou vodou. Solný film, ulpívající na plochách plechu se rychle a beze zbytku uvolnil a iplechy měly kovově lesklý vzhled, aniž by je bylo nutno dodatečně mořit v kyselině.The MPa, coated with a layer of oxides and scale of about 0.1 imm, was immersed in an alkaline salt bath containing, by weight, 80% sodium hydroxide, 17% sodium borate and 3% silicon carbide. The bath temperature was 470 ° C. After 25 minutes the sheets were removed from the alkaline salt bath and rinsed with cold water. The salt film adhering to the sheet surfaces quickly and completely loosened and the metal sheets had a metallic shiny appearance without the need for additional pickling in acid.
Po přidání čerstvé soli v množství, nahrazujícím· sůl vyčerpanou, se lázeň dala znovu použít.After addition of fresh salt in an amount replacing salt depleted, the bath could be reused.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DD17574473A DD109037A1 (en) | 1973-12-11 | 1973-12-11 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CS201503B2 true CS201503B2 (en) | 1980-11-28 |
Family
ID=5494151
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS844974A CS201503B2 (en) | 1973-12-11 | 1974-12-11 | Melt alkali salts for the purification of low-alloy and plain carbon steel |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AT (1) | AT350093B (en) |
| CS (1) | CS201503B2 (en) |
| DD (1) | DD109037A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2454464A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2253845B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1459288A (en) |
| HU (1) | HU170831B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1026855B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2951130A1 (en) * | 1979-12-19 | 1981-06-25 | Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | METHOD FOR DETACHING MOLD SAND REMAINS ON CASTING PARTS |
-
1973
- 1973-12-11 DD DD17574473A patent/DD109037A1/xx unknown
-
1974
- 1974-11-16 DE DE19742454464 patent/DE2454464A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1974-11-20 AT AT928674A patent/AT350093B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-12-06 IT IT3028074A patent/IT1026855B/en active
- 1974-12-10 HU HU74HE00000672A patent/HU170831B/en unknown
- 1974-12-10 GB GB5345574A patent/GB1459288A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-12-11 FR FR7440755A patent/FR2253845B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1974-12-11 CS CS844974A patent/CS201503B2/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB1459288A (en) | 1976-12-22 |
| FR2253845B1 (en) | 1978-06-23 |
| ATA928674A (en) | 1978-10-15 |
| FR2253845A1 (en) | 1975-07-04 |
| HU170831B (en) | 1977-09-28 |
| IT1026855B (en) | 1978-10-20 |
| AT350093B (en) | 1979-05-10 |
| DE2454464A1 (en) | 1975-06-12 |
| DD109037A1 (en) | 1974-10-12 |
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