CS201257B1 - Neutralization device having enhanced efficiency of power - Google Patents

Description

(54) Neutralizing equipment with increased energy efficiency

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to a neutralization apparatus having an increased energy efficiency of the neutralization process using degraded reaction heat.

The neutralizing device producing ammonium nitrate makes it possible to utilize the reaction heat from the process for the purpose of dissolving the solution from the neutralization reactor. In the dopoeial known practice and patent field, this is a process steam from a neutralization reactor. The degree of utilization of heat and the resulting concentration depend on the selected operating conditions in the reactor respectively in the evaporator. A number of processes and apparatus are known which in turn produce a solution of 98% on this basis. They are introduced e.g. in Brit. Chem. Engng. 1969

14, N ° 11, CPE April 1968, IEC, vol. 46 N ⁰ 4, Inform. Chim. 1967 N ° 55, in USSR A.0.

253,788, U.S. Pat. 3 285 695 »Germany Pat. 2,364,949 ·

Since for the further treatment of the ammonium nitrate solution it is usually sufficient for the solution to be 95% by weight, the operating conditions are chosen such that, while ensuring process safety, the corrosion of the production equipment is minimized with good use of the reaction heat.

The ammonia-nitric acid reaction is highly exothermic, the residual water in the reaction products being concentration-dependent to the nitric acid-exiting reaction. In the neutralization process under pressure, the solution leaving the neutralization reactor is evaporated in a evaporator to a concentration of 95% by weight. using process steam

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201 2S7 from neutralization. The devices operating under such conditions and a nitric acid concentration of 56-60% by weight are energy-balanced. They allow the use of process steam 1 for the gasification of liquid ammonia, its preheating, including nitrous acid, and may also cause excess prooes steam to rise under conditions. When treating nitric acid with a concentration of less than 56% by weight. can be thickened to a concentration of 95 # mass. only by importing steam, which compensates for the difference in steam consumption in the evaporator needed to evaporate water from the solution formed in the neutralization reactor.

It has been found that it is also possible to treat such dilute nitric acid solutions to a concentration of up to 95% by weight of ammonium nitrate solution. economically advantageous process by utilizing the degraded heat of the process steam in the apparatus according to the invention, which consists in that the evaporator separator is connected with the process steam line with the liquid ammonia evaporator and / or the pressure process steam appliances, the evaporator boiler, the ammonia gas heater condensate, via a central pressure collector connected through a pipe with an acid heater.

By the arrangement according to the invention, the savings of pro-process ρ & τγ from the utilized apparent heat of process vapor condensates from the neutralization reactor as well as the degraded heat of the vapor from the evaporator are achieved. The thus treated process steam from the neutralization reactor having a higher pressure is preferably used to evaporate the solution in the evaporator. Such an arrangement concurrently wipes out the consumption of circulating water to condense the vapors from the evaporator in an amount corresponding to the heat consumption for the ammonia extraction, as well as the cooling of the process capacitors before the sewage or saline use. The use of process condensates for heating nitric acid reduces the corrosion rate of the heat exchanger surfaces of the exchangers.

A practical solution is shown in the attached drawing, which at the same time illustrates the essence of the invention.

Liquid ammonia under a pressure of 0.8 MPa is injected via line Z into the liquid ammonia evaporator 6, where it is gasified by a steam of 50 MPa at a temperature of 125 ° C supplied via line 14 from the evaporator separator. The gaseous ammonia at a pressure of 0.6 MPa is evaporated at a temperature of 10 ° C and the ammonia gas preheater 15 is heated to 105 ° C with 50% nitric acid supplied via line J. temperature of 20 ° C under a pressure of 0.6 MPa passes through an acid preheater 6, where it is heated to 66 ° C by a pressure process condensate of 143 ° C through a warm, supplied line 10 from an OT pressure collector. ammonia at a pressure of 0.4 MPa to produce a pressurized process steam of 143 ° C warm. The β-solution of 73% of the neutralization reactor 4 is injected via line 6 into the evaporator boiler 2 under a pressure of 50 kPa. In this, the thickened 93 - 95% wick is thickened. The vapor condensates from the 143 ° C steam generator, from the evaporator boil 2 through line 18 and the ammonia preheater 15 through line 16 are collected in an orally pressurized manifold 17. 10 via a pre-heater 5 cooled to 50 ° C and discharged to a pressure-free condensate collector 6.

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Using the currently known process of neutralization processes from the same raw materials, it would be possible to achieve the same exit concentration of the solution while increasing the consumption-related

O per 1 t of 100% ammonium nitrate circulating water of 9.4 and steam import of 154 kg.

However, the present invention finds full or partial application also in the treatment of an acid with a higher conontonation than 50%. for desorption of ammonia from process cottdensates, domestic water heating etc.

Claims (1)

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION Neutralizing device with enhanced energy efficiency consisting of raw material preheaters, an internalization reactor, evaporator, separator, outlet, condenser and central pressure collector, characterized in that the separator (8) of the evaporator is connected via a process steam line (14) to an outlet (5). and / or pressurized process steam consumers, the evaporator (7), the ammonia gas heater (15) are the pressure process condensate (18) (16), via a central pressure collector (17) connected via a line (10) to the acid heater (3). .