CN86108916A - Well penetration apparatus and method - Google Patents
Well penetration apparatus and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN86108916A CN86108916A CN86108916.2A CN86108916A CN86108916A CN 86108916 A CN86108916 A CN 86108916A CN 86108916 A CN86108916 A CN 86108916A CN 86108916 A CN86108916 A CN 86108916A
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Abstract
A microscler shell is arranged in a kind of well casing puncher, an activity hydraulic driven punch that can outwards move is wherein arranged, on well casing, cut perforate.There is a high pressure liquid stream nozzle to be installed in an end of flexible pipe, when stretching out well casing around in the soil during perforate of cutting circumferentially extending, overhanging from the axial hole of drift.Drift has the vertical slotted eye along opposite side, and tab is bent backward along the opposite side of the perforate of cutting on well casing, prevents from the punching operation any part of well casing and well casing to be broken away from.
Description
Field under the present invention is oil well and/or gas well well casing drilling equipment, program and method etc.The present invention utilizes the perforator of high-pressure fluid driving, punching on tube wall specifically at a kind of apparatus and method of uniqueness, use high-pressure jet then, a sizable distance is passed surrounding soil outside well casing, cut a passage, feed flow attitude or gaseous hydrocarbon flow into well casing.
Most oil wells or gas well be with the drilling well of rotary drilling method, in this operation the drilling mud that contains fines to lower nip, discharge drilling cuttings by drill string from drill bit, cooling and other advantages are arranged.In the most frequently used well-drilling slurry material, contain bar fines.Found to hole in the surrounding soil, had drilling fluid contamination outwards to expand, distance boring is from 18 inches to four feet.This pollution is most of to be formed by the fine grained in the mud, for the hydrocarbon that flows into well casing, and the very big obstacle of normal formation.
Existing a lot of stopgap measures propose and adopt, and the runner on stratum around feeding is provided, and the flow of the hydrocarbon that enters well casing is increased.Perhaps, the most frequently used stopgap measure is to use the device of shell formula, is placed in the well casing; But therefore the bullet of this device generally can not can not get the optimum flow state with this device usually through the outside of contaminated area.Therefore, there are various other suggestions to propose the stratum around giving a farfetched interpretation again.For example, United States Patent (USP) the 4th, 022, No. 279 a kind of methods of boring the spirality wellhole of proposition get out a very big distance outside well casing, to improve output.But, do not disclose the concrete apparatus of the auger boring of realizing ideal in this patent, can not affirm whether this structure truly has existence.
United States Patent (USP) the 3rd, 370, No. 887, disclosed a kind of device that breaks, use one and eject stopper 11(blow-out plug), this stopper outwards ejects well casing diametrically by spraying into the high pressure that the stopper housing is installed.The 3rd of Da Musi people such as (Dahms), 400,980 and 3,402, No. 965, all disclosed a kind of instrument, move down the outside, lower end of stretching out well casing, and tensile pipe fitting or flexible pipe are arranged, from instrument, outwards move, discharge high pressure liquid simultaneously, well the lower end form a hole.The device of this patent is used for rock salt mining.The 3rd, 402, No. 967 patents of Ai Demenzi people such as (Edmunds) have disclosed a kind of apparatus, and running is similar to the patent of Da Musi etc.
The 3rd, 547, No. 191 United States Patent (USP)s of Ma Luote have disclosed a kind of equipment, and it is transferred in the well, by nozzle unit 26,27, discharge highly pressurised liquid.The discharge liquid of nozzle unit passes through the preformed perforate 35 from well casing.
The 3rd, 318, No. 395 United States Patent (USP)s of Metz silent (Messmer) have disclosed a kind of instrument, comprising a solid-rocket propellant 34, transfer in well on the position of a requirement.Rocket fuel is lighted,, penetrated well casing and well casing concrete on every side by nozzle unit 36 outside exhausts.Contain abrasive particle in the exhaust of rocket (fuel), help to cut, and in the rock stratum that helps around cut-in groove, make rock breakdown, be expected to improve output.
The 4th, 050, No. 529 patents of Ta Jiluofu people such as (Tagirov) have disclosed a kind of instrument, and it is transferred in the well casing, and instrument has nozzle unit, and the water under high pressure that will contain abrasive material by nozzle pumps, and penetrate well casing and rock stratum on every side.Use abrasive material to cause the permanent pollution of mine, in well, use valve later on, during pump and so on, cause valve, the permanent wear problem of pump and so on.The rock stratum absorbs abrasive dust on every side, stops up the hole in the rock stratum.
This Jenner people's such as (Skinner) United States Patent (USP) has disclosed a kind of system for the 4th, 346, No. 761, and nozzle 20 wherein is housed, can be in well casing vertically, and cutting connects slotted hole on well casing.Nozzle unit does not reach beyond the well casing, and the high-pressure jet of right nozzle obviously produces some cuttings to rock stratum on every side.
The patent that other disclose with high-pressure nozzle cutting well casing comprises Blang people's such as (Brown) the 3rd, 145, No. 776 of the 3rd, 130, No. 786 spies graceful (Pitman), the 4th, 134, No. 453 of happy husband people such as (Love) etc.Ah contract Bao Er (Archibald) heavily issues United States Patent (USP) Re29, No. 021, has disclosed a kind of subsurface excavation system that uses radial jet, rock stratum around the cutting in well bore.No. the 4th, 317,492, the United States Patent (USP) of Se Mosi (Summers) has disclosed a kind of well system of high pressure water jets flow pattern, can be used for mining operations and drillng operation, and one of them provides the nozzle of jet flow to stretch out from the shaft bottom, moves radially then.The 3rd, 873, No. 156 patents of outstanding comparable (Jacobi) have also disclosed a kind of spray pattern mining apparatus, can stretch out from the shaft bottom, form a hole in salt well.Bo Yajie is husband's (Boyadjieff) No. the 4th, 365,676, United States Patent (USP) also, has disclosed a kind of mechanical drilling equipment, can radially outward move from well bore, bores a side down hole.Also have many United States Patent (USP)s in addition, use the high-pressure nozzle device, near shaft bottom or its, cut the rock stratum, comprise United States Patent (USP) the 2nd, 018 in these patents, 285; 2,258,001; 2,271,005; 2,345,816; 2,707,616; 2,758,653; 2,796,129 and 2,838,117 equal signs.
Apparatus in the skill field is arranged earlier, because various shortcomings, neither one is obtained the success of exact level.For example, only, can not outwards be ejected into a distance that truly has effect from well casing from being placed on the apparatus of the high-pressure jet of nozzle injection in the well casing.In addition, the direction of the cutting that this apparatus is made and distance are subjected to the influence of many variable elements, comprise the character of rock stratum on every side, therefore are difficult to obtain foreseeable effect.The problem that all pass the high-pressure type jet flow apparatus of well tubular wall work, be must on the tube wall and surrounding concrete on perforate, wear a prerequisite of rock stratum on every side as cutting.In some known apparatus, can be with the perforate of nozzle stream own, and other apparatuses require to use other machine cut device.Cut the apparatus of well casing with nozzle stream, a very important disadvantages is arranged, just cut and often contain an abrasive material material in the liquid and in well casing, retain, after, abrasive components is passed through from valve or other assemblies such as pump at last, and valve, pump and so on are played disadvantageous effect.
Use machine cuts apparatus separately, shortcoming is that expense has sizable increase, no matter aspect the equipment that increases, or the expense aspect that increased of use equipment cutting well casing elapsed time.This is certain, because use this apparatus requirement that cutting equipment is dropped to the shaft bottom, before using the spray pattern cutter, the cutting well casing takes out cutter then earlier, lays jet apparatus again in well casing.Instrument is laid in well and taken out, and general requirements expends time in and pays wages, and drill string is mentioned and puts back to.
A common drawback of all types of drills is at all can not be outside from well casing, does suitably boring in the rock stratum, reaches to obtain enough hole depths that output improves.Therefore, very important needs are that requirement equipment can effectively penetrate well casing soilo stucture on every side, outwards reach a well casing ambient contamination district distance in addition.
Therefore main purpose of the present invention is to propose a kind of modified novel device and method that penetrates well casing periphery soil texture.
Fig. 1 is a lateral view, represents analysing and observe of gas well or oil well, and the present invention is used for the ground installation and the underground equipment of borehole wall perforation;
Figure 1A is along Fig. 1, the analysing and observe of A-A line;
Fig. 2 shows control panel, uses and do monitoring and control when the present invention uses;
Fig. 3 is that soil is analysed and observe, and the part of expression oil well wherein is provided with and implements ideal device of the present invention, and ideal device is inactive;
Fig. 4 is analyses and observe similar to Fig. 3, but the position that viewing angle is about Fig. 3 half-twist left, shows the duty of equipment;
Fig. 5 A is desirable device for carrying out said upper end edge Fig. 3, the analysing and observe of 5-5 line;
Fig. 5 B, 5C, 5D, 5E, 5F, 5G, 5H, 5I and 5J are along Fig. 3, and analysing and observe of 5-5 line represented desirable device for carrying out said respectively below filter pack shown in Figure 5, the various piece that order is downward;
Fig. 6 is Fig. 5 g and 5h, along analysing and observe of 6-6 line;
Fig. 7 is along Fig. 6, the analysing and observe of 7-7 line;
Fig. 8 is that desirable enforcement is used, and high-pressure hose infeeds the exploded perspective of device;
Fig. 9 is along Fig. 5 i, the analysing and observe of 9-9 line;
Figure 10 is along Fig. 9, and the 10-10 line is analysed and observe;
Figure 11 is along Fig. 9, and the 11-11 line is analysed and observe, and expression well casing puncher is finished extended position of living in after the well casing punching;
Figure 12 is analyses and observe similar to Figure 11, the component locations when expression well casing punching operation begins;
Figure 13 is the punching drive unit decomposition diagram that is used for the well casing hole punched device start of doing the well casing punching;
Figure 14 is the nozzle unit exploded perspective that is used for desirable embodiment;
Figure 15 is the perspective after the assembling of Figure 14 nozzle unit;
Figure 16 is along Figure 15, and the 16-16 line is analysed and observe;
Figure 17 is along Figure 16, and the 17-17 line is analysed and observe;
Figure 18 A is fluid power/motor-driven signal, before being illustrated in well casing punching operation and beginning, and the position of desirable embodiment medium power assembly;
Figure 18 B is the Hydrodynamic unit signal similar to Figure 18 A, but expression is in well tubular wall punching back part present position;
Figure 19 is the timing indicator of the desirable embodiment work cycle of expression.
At first referring to Fig. 1 of accompanying drawing, be illustrated in the oil well 10 that well casing 12 penetrates oil storage stratum 14 downwards, to the utilization of the desirable embodiment of the present invention. There is a contaminated area 16 to stretch around the periphery of well casing, the drilling mud constituent is wherein arranged, in drillng operation, be pressed in the petroliferous bed. And being right after in the zone around well casing generally arranged the concrete sheath after drilling well is finished.
The present invention has a microscler underground equipment 20, with a tubing string 22 that some traditional pipeline sections are arranged, let droop from ground, connect a stable/anchor 24 that traditional structure is arranged on the nethermost pipeline section, having above can be by the device of selected control, can outwards expand, the inwall of contact well casing 12 is stable/anchor grappling on the permanent position.The upper end of elongated apparatus 20 with a short sections 26, is fixed on stable/anchor 24.
There is a trochanter 28 upper end of tubing string 22, with conventional apparatus 30, is installed on repair apparatus (figure does not show) and so on, and connects 32, high-pressure hoses 34 of a low-pressure hose, is connected with source of pressurised fluid.Flexible pipe spare 32 and 34 is that the vehicle of trailer 36 stretches out from form, and the console 38 of control panel 40 is installed in the car.And trailer 36 has a motor 37, drives traditional high-low pump device, and pump is connected with flexible pipe spare 32 and 34, and is controlled by the control panel 40 of console.Pump is accepted working solution from the suction line 17 that traditional two-stage element filters composite member 18 stretches out, and filter pack 18 is accepted not filter working solution from an oil truck 19, leaches overall dimension greater than 50 microns particle.High-pressure pump is one five a piston positive-displacement pump, and the pulse output of adjustable frequency is provided.
Microscler downhole hardware 20 is formed by some interconnected tubular shell spares, is furnished with various functions and device.Case function makes it to form from top to bottom each functional section, as shown in Figure 3,44, one control of a filtering function section functional section 46, blowpipe oil cylinder section 48, blowpipe section 50, puncher section 52 and a puncher oil cylinder section 54 is arranged.
The lower end of shell bottom 44C is with tubular joint 66(Fig. 5 B that is threaded), tubular joint 66 has thick relatively inwall 68, and there is tubule path portion 70 lower end, has a big caliber mid portion 72 in the upper end screw thread to be arranged, and more large aperture 74 is then arranged on it.Have a screw shell 76 be screwed in screwed hole part 72 ' screw thread in, have a high-pressure conduit 78 from sleeve 76, to pass through. Sealing device 80 and 82 guarantees that any liquid that passes through can flow through from the internal channel 79 of high-pressure conduit 78 from wall 68.
The lower end of high-pressure conduit 78 is screwed in screw thread in the cross wall 84 of the 5th tubular shell section 86, and the upper end of shell section 86 is screwed in screw thread on the lower end of tubular joint 66.Have an one way valve 110 be installed in cross wall 84 below, be connected with the upper end of discharge pipe 108, pipeline 108 has current-limiting apparatus 109, and from booster 106, the behind of oil cylinder 98 grades is passed through, and the lower end is connected (Fig. 5 E and 18A) with rotary control valve 150.Second high-pressure conduit 90 is connected with installed part 91 in being located at cross wall 84, connects with first high-pressure conduit 78.The lower end of second high-pressure conduit 90 and T shape part 92(Fig. 5 c) be connected, there is the 3rd and the 4th high- voltage tube 94 and 96 to stretch out from T shape part 92.
Valve driving oil cylinder 98 is touched a straight line/rotary transducer 116, and converter 116 is used to touch a traditional rotary valve 118 again, makes it to arrive in two positions that may arrive.Rotary valve 118 has a high-pressure inlet, is connected with the 2nd T shape part 100 by pipeline 120, and connecting line 185,122 and 124.Discharge line 108 ' in have a flow plug 109 ', one way valve 110 ' also link to each other, shown in Figure 18 A with valve 118.A high-voltage booster 126 is arranged, except that nitrogen being pressurized to 2000 pounds/square inch in its epicoele at well head, other is all identical with low-pressure turbocharger 106, is placed in the below of rotary valve 118, there are pipeline 128 and its lower end to link to each other, are stretched over the 4th T shape part 130(Fig. 5 E downwards).Booster 126 has a piston 127, and its last air chamber and a lower oil cavitie are separated, and lower oil cavitie is pressurized to 2400 pounds/square inch, piston 127 roughly is placed on the centre position, and the increased pressure of nitrogen is arrived identical numerical value.A pipeline 132 is arranged, stretch downwards, connect the upper end that second valve drives or oil cylinder 134 is started in cutting from T shape part 130.For adapting to different oil well states, the pressure in tubing string or the booster can be regulated, or set arbitrarily.
Valve driving oil cylinder 134 has the piston 136 of a band piston rod 138, and roller 140 is installed on the outer end of bar, can contact with straight-line guidance surface 141, and can embed in the slotted eye 142 of a follower 144.Because piston rod 138 has roller 140 and guide surface 141 actings in conjunction, restriction is around its axle rotation, then bar 138 axially back and forth because element 144 and 142 s' reaction force makes follower 144 rotations.Because follower 144 is fixed on the upper end of second rotary valve, 150 rotary spools 148,, just spool can be rotated on the selected position in two positions that may reach the liquid stream that control is passed through to piston 136 starts from valve.Should also be noted that the first valve driving oil cylinder 98 and the first relevant rotary valve 118 thereof, textural identical, as indicated above with oil cylinder and valve gear 134,150 etc.
Pressure piping 160 is from the 2nd T shape part 100(Fig. 5 D) to stretch downwards, its lower end is connected with one the 5th T shape part 162, and T shape part 162 is shown in Fig. 5 E.Pipeline 164 is stretched downwards from the 5th T shape part 162, connects the lower end of the second valve driving oil cylinder 134.Pressure piping 166 is stretched downwards from the 5th T shape part 162, connects an inlet hole of the second rotation valve member 150. Pipeline 170 and 172 is also identical with pipeline 174, connects valve 150.
The lower end of the 5th tubular shell section 86 uses the upper end of screw thread and the 6th tubular shell section 176 to be connected, shown in Fig. 5 F.In the upper end of the 6th tubular shell section 176, an interior cross wall 178 is set, an installed part 180 is arranged, the lower end of the pipeline 122 of cross wall 178 tops in connecting, and the upper end of connection high-pressure hose 182.The in addition end of high-pressure hose 182, connecting duct 184, the lower end of conduit 184 is with a movable cam 256(Figure 13) base portion 257 be connected.
Article one, composite material nozzle flexible pipe 206, one deck stainless steel spiral flexible filter screen epitheca 208 is wherein arranged, with an interior pipe made from Ke Fula (the trade mark KEVLAR of E.I. E.I.Du Pont Company) 209 of high-pressure plastic, be installed on the pivoted shoe 200, carry reciprocal activity by rest pad 200.Should be able to see the end or the outer end in addition of flexible pipe 206, for nozzle unit 210 provides supporting, as shown in figure 16.Under any circumstance pivoted shoe 200 is placed on the grappling 212(Fig. 8 that is installed in a grooved hole) in the metal catheter 216 of grooved hole in, anchorage block 212 usefulness machine grooves and so on the 214 and the 11 tubular shell section 186 fixed installations.The grooved hole metal catheter of stretching downwards 216, the upper end is installed in the anchorage block 212, and a vertical slotted eye 218 is arranged, and along whole length extending of conduit, slotted eye 218 has enough width, and is included for the neck 201 of pivoted shoe 200, along the activity of slotted eye length.Slotted eye 218 has enough length, makes the operating range of pivoted shoe 200 equal the stroke of piston rod 194.
The hole 220 upper end closures of the moving rest pad 200 in back, the lower end is connected with high-pressure hose spare 206, and connects by some connecting holes 230 and hole 204, shown in Fig. 5 G.The cutting liquid of nozzle 210 is by axial hole 196, hole 204, and carry in outer hole 230 and 220, and purpose will have more hereinafter and go through.The lower end of guide pipe 216 ends on the cross wall 232 that is located at the 8th tubular shell section 234 upper ends, and flexible pipe 206 passes the hole 236 from wall 232.Should be able to see first and second guide pipe locating piece 222 and 224, fixing on the inwall of the 7th tubular shell section 186, the lower end of guide pipe 216, on respect to the certain position of shell, fix.The upper end of the 8th tubular shell section 234 is with the lower end of the 7th tubular shell section 186 that is threaded.The lower end of the 8th tubular shell section 234 links to each other with the 9th tubular shell section 244 with screw thread.
Second guide pipe 238 236 is stretched downwards from the hole, connects the 3rd guide pipe 242 with connector 240, and is the clearest and the most definite shown in Fig. 5 H.Nozzle flexible pipe 206 passes from guide pipe 238 and 242 downwards, and it is axially movable inside to do.
The lower end of the 3rd guide pipe 242 is from positioning disk 252(Figure 13) a hole 250 pass, positioning disk 252 usefulness machine screws 254 are fixed on the upper end of drift driving cam 256, eccentric part has base portion 257, with one on center line longitudinally extending pipe fitting hold slotted eye 258, guide pipe 242 is inside placed.The lower end of guide pipe 242, the cam-follower base portion 258 of connection drift spare 260 has an internal thread minor axis 262 and a detachable outer point 264 in the drift spare 260.
There is first and second drift to push away and stretches plane cam surface 268 and 270, be arranged in the common plane on the drift driving cam 256, contact with the flat follower surface 272 and 274 of well casing hole punched device base portion 258 respectively.In addition, also have second pair of drift to push away and stretch driving cam surface 280,282, also be arranged on the drift driving cam 256, do driving with the corresponding coupling plane surface 284 and 286 of cam punch device 260 base portions 258 and contact.So drift driving cam 256 moves up, be used for punch device 258,262,264 to extrapolation, carries out punch operation.On the contrary, the downward activity of the dovetail cam face 290,292 of cam 256 on cam 256 at Figure 10, can clearly be seen in 11 and 12, with cam punch device 260 base portions 258 adjoin plane surface 293,294 reactions, drift spare is retreated.
Moving up of drift driving cam 256 is to realize that by the action of piston rod 300 piston rod 300 has a connector 302, and be fixing with the base portion 257 of machine screw 304 and drift driving cam 256.The lower end of bar 300 connects the piston 306 in the oil cylinder spare 208, and there is a cylinder cap 310 the oil cylinder upper end with threads engage.And, cover 310 upper ends and also have a screw shell, use the lower end of screw thread and the tenth tubular shell section 246 to be connected, shell section 246 upper ends also are connected with the lower end of screw thread and the 9th tubular shell section 244.Cylinder cap 312 turn-offs the lower end of oil cylinder 308, has the sharp part 314 of protection fixing on the lower end of lid 312, forms the lower end scope of tool piece 20.
An axial hole 316 leads to along the length extending of bar 300 and the lid termination of oil cylinder 308, shown in Fig. 5 J.In addition, bar 300 has one second hole 318, and the annular chamber 320 on lower end and the cylinder cap 310 is connected, and is the brightest shown in Fig. 5 J.Hole 316 links to each other with conduit 184.Above-mentioned connection is by the hole in the connector 257 320,322, and 324 realization (see figure 9)s.Similarly, hole 318 is connected with conduit 184 by hole 330,332 and 334.
Well casing punch device 260 is placed in the pilot sleeve 340 that is installed in the tubular shell section 246, upwards stretches out in the footpath of sleeve 340.In addition, a thick reinforcing section 342 of oil cylinder is arranged, axially install tubular shell section 246 in fit system, pilot sleeve 340 passes from the inside, as Fig. 5 I clearly shown in.And, it should be noted that a backing plate 350, be welded on the external surface of the tenth tubular shell section 246, the position is relative on diameter with drift spare 260.Thereby in the punching operation, on external well casing, impact the reaction force that causes with backing plate 350 absorptions and dispersion drift spare.
Drift spare 260 has an axial hose passages 353(Figure 13), from shell section 262 and 264, pass through, flexible pipe spare 206 can inside be advanced and retreat.And the every side at drift ingredient 262,264 is provided with groove 354, makes the backflow of smear metal enter well casing.The outer end of detachable outwash point 264 limits the position by first and second plane surface 256,258, and the pipeline 260 that this two surface is passed through along punch axis dams.There is a curved channel 362 that the lower end of flexible pipe putting hole 353 with the 3rd guide pipe 242 is connected, for flexible pipe spare 206 provides smooth suitable guide groove.This structure can make dashes point 264 when being subjected to sizable side force, when for example dashing point and can not step back fully after the punching operation, and when having masterpiece upwards to be used on the instrument, makes and dashes point 264 and cut off from element 262.
Now to one completely operation cycle be described herein, can understand this operation cycle and both can be used for new well punching, can be used for old well reparation again.Working programme in two kinds of runnings is basic identical.During beginning tubing string and all underground equipments from well, propose, will fill well liquid and put in the well, determine to keep whole bottom pressures in the down-hole.
Low-pressure turbocharger 106 and high-voltage booster 126 are pressurized to 1,000 pound/square inch and 2000 pounds/square inch respectively, for equipment 20 is transferred preparation in the well.With pressure is 1500 pounds/square inch working solution, and by valve 114, drainage is done in the upper end that pours into booster 106 lower ends and related elements 104,102 and first driving oil cylinder 98.Similarly, be 2400 pounds/square inch working solution with pressure, pour into the lower end of high-voltage booster 126 and the upper end of oil cylinder 134 and do drainage.Whole liquid roads, valve, oil cylinder etc. are all filled drainage, as much as possible prevent bubble, can adopt the traditional operation method for this reason by desirable.
Utilize tubing string 22 then, microscler underground equipment 20 is transferred in the well.When well head increases the segmentation of tubing string 22, with low-pressure hose connector 32 fluid injection inwards.After equipment 20 meets the requirements of the degree of depth, add hydraulic pressure by tubing string 22, pressure outwards moves wedging block 25, and the inwall of contact well casing 12 is actuated traditional fluid power and stablized anchoring device 24, makes on the position of instrument in well casing to lock.Also can use traditional mechanical actuation anchoring device.
Then high-pressure hose 34 is connected with trochanter 28, then at well head to the pressure that tubing string adds, be increased to 4000 pounds/square inch, kept this pressure about five minutes, determine that system has or not leakage.As do not measure leakage, just, can think that system can begin to do punch operation with pressure releasing.In this stage of circulation, component locations is reflected as T in Figure 19 shown in Figure 18 A
1Particularly, piston 306 below on the position that retreats, punch-head assembly 258,262,264 on the position that drift retreats.Blowpipe flexible pipe expansion link 194 retreats on (top) position at it, contracts in the nozzle 210, is fully enclosed in the axial hole 353 that passes drift ingredient 262,264.In time T
2The time, surface pressing begins to increase, and reaches 5000 pounds/square inch, adds T
3The time since in the pipe pressure that causes of frictional dissipation fall.This pressure is fed high-pressure conduit 90, make in the tailpiece of the piston rod of the first valve driving oil cylinder 98, discharge head is enough to resist the nitrogen pressure of 106 li of boosters, thereby the piston in the oil cylinder 98, in time T
4In, the extended position from shown in Figure 18 A reaches the going-back position shown in Figure 18 B.
The above-mentioned activity of piston in oil cylinder 98 moves on the position that Figure 18 B shows valve 118, thereby the corresponding lid end to oil cylinder 308 of high pressure energy applies, and triggers piston 306, the moving up of connecting rod 300 and drift driving cam 256.So punch device 258,262,264 beginnings are moved to well tubular wall; But its translational speed and since the discharge opeing of the tailpiece of the piston rod of oil cylinder 308 be subjected to current-limiting apparatus 109 ' restriction, thereby be controlled.Piston 306 arrives the extended position of Figure 18 B from the going-back position of Figure 18 A, needs 1.5 minutes (time T approximately
4To T
5), during this period, drift element 264 positions of such as grade from retreating fully, the centre position through Figure 12 contacts with well casing 12, reaches time T
4The time complete extended position, as shown in figure 11.Should observe because notch 354 is arranged, in the punching operation tab body 400,402 to the outside that palintrope stretches out well casing, but maintenance is connected with well casing.Like this, removed the well casing part that forms eyelet from well casing, maintenance links to each other with well casing and does not have possibility to disturb the running of nozzle, after the punching operation is finished, does not disturb oil to flow into from the rock stratum.The piston rod 194 of oil cylinder 188, in the punching activity, because the operating pressure intensity in the high-pressure conduit 90, deficiency is so that the air pressure in the oil pressure opposing high-voltage booster 126 of oil cylinder 134 lid ends, so rest on the going-back position in Figure 18 A, so valve 150 rests on the position shown in Figure 18 A.
After the drift element reaches on the position of stretching out fully, make system under 5000 pounds of/square inch pressure, continue to keep 1.5 minutes, system's complete stability.After stabilization sub stage finished, system just can begin to do the running of nozzle unit 210 etc., carried out penetrating of rock stratum on every side.
The rock stratum penetrates operation at T
6The time, tentatively the pressure in the conduit 90, bring up to and equal 7500 pounds/square inch, add the pressure loss in tubing string and the underground equipment.At T
7The time reach higher pressure.Increased pressure is to the not influence of position of valve 118, and this valve rests on the position shown in Figure 18 B.Yet height is pressed with enough intensity, and the air pressure in the opposing high-voltage booster 126 moves to its position that retreats to the piston of oil cylinder 134 (at T from overhanging position
8The time reach).So valve 150 is at T
8The time move to the position shown in Figure 18 B, make high pressure liquid pass through pipeline 172, flow to the head side of oil cylinder 188, move extended position so oil cylinder 188 gets started from going-back position.The translational speed of oil cylinder 188 is subjected to the control of the current-limiting apparatus 109 in the discharge line 108.
In time T
7The time increase hydraulic fluid to the Gai Duanzhong of oil cylinder 188, remove and make piston and 192,194 beginnings of piston rod group downwards and outside stretching out, also make high pressure liquid pass through passage 191,196,204,230 and 220, flow into flexible pipe spare 209, thereby actuate the nozzle unit 210 on the flexible pipe spare outer end.Rock stratum around the high-pressure jet of nozzle unit 210 is cut and worn, smear metal is washed away backward, by being arranged on the notch 354 on drift ingredient 262, the 264 relative both sides, enters well casing.High-pressure pump is had control, make it to provide the pressurized impulse of per minute 200 times, leave the end member 264 of drift spare up to jet flow, at this moment frequency is brought up to per minute 500 pulses.Jet flow outwards stretches into the speed of rock stratum on every side, by current-limiting apparatus 171 controls of 170 li of the discharge lines of oil cylinder 188.Hose arrangement 209 and nozzle unit 210 are at last in time T
9, reach the position of stretching out fully shown in Figure 4.So in rock stratum 14, be cut into a hole 500.Because the dissection of the jet flow in nozzle frame 372 axial holes 374, hole 500 to overhanging radial distance, slightly is longer than the length of stroke of piston oil-cylinder 188 from well casing.It is further to be understood that and to make sizable length to oil cylinder 188, make outside penetrating, can reach 15 feet the degree of depth from well casing.
System in a preset time interval, is kept higher stress level, be enough to guarantee blowpipe nozzle unit full extension.After the time interval end of a period, in time T
10The time, begin the pressure in the conduit 90 is fallen to subzero, at T
11The time, reach zero pressure very soon, make oil cylinder 98 and 134 owing to the gas application of force in the booster 106 and 126, reach the position of stretching out; Valve 118 and 150 returns on the position shown in Figure 18 A simultaneously.But, owing to there is not hydraulic pressure to be added on piston 188 or 308, element 194,256,262,264,306 full cut-ofves are stayed on the position shown in Figure 18 B, therefore full place stretching out under the state in the drawings.
Retreating of blowpipe is by in time T
12In time, pound/square inch be achieved the increased pressure to 4000 of 90 li in conduit.4000 pounds/square inch pressure in the conduit by valve 118 and conduit 122,182,184,334,332,330 and 318, flows to the rod end of oil cylinder 308, triggers the activity that retreats of piston 306 and relevant shower nozzle driving cam 256.Astern speed is controlled by a kind of simple mode by current limiter 319, and oil cylinder 308 is just at T
13The time reach the state that retreats fully.The discharge opeing of oil cylinder 308 lid ends is discharged by check (non-return) valve 110, leaks in the housing of equipment 20; Ooze out hole (figure does not show) yet on housing, be provided with, make and discharge liquid in due course, flow into well casing.Oil cylinder 188 also because the pressure in the conduit 90 by conduit 170, flows into the rod end of oil cylinder 188, triggers oil cylinder and nozzle hose arrangement 209,210 grades and retreats, at T
12The time and oil cylinder 308 be actuated simultaneously.This circulates in T
13The time finish after, punch-head assembly 262,264 falls back in well casing on the home position fully, flexible pipe spare 206 retreats fully, and nozzle 201 is fully enclosed in the drift spare.Pressure in the conduit 90 is at T
14The time drop to zero, equipment is in can be dismantled from well, or changes the state of position in well.
The stabilize anchor device 24 of can loosening then can move on on the another location underground equipment 20 in well casing, rock stratum is on every side penetrated next time.The activity of instrument can be that simple rotation or is elevated to the different degree of depth with the set of tools and does next and penetrate operation to the another location in the same degree of depth in well casing.Fig. 4 shows the second hole 500A that is deeper than hole 500, with one on intermediate altitude but angle three the give a farfetched interpretation hole 500B different with hole 500 and 500A.Through after the penetrating of the number of times that requirement, the set of tools is taken out from well casing, cooperate well playback flow string and relevant pump etc., draw oily stream from rock stratum 14 on every side.
Thus, can see it can being outwards effectively to give a farfetched interpretation in the rock stratum around the present invention, the degree of depth that reaches and the degree of accuracy that obtains then far surpass the known equipment of giving a farfetched interpretation in the prior art with turning round.And the extreme reliable and fault-free of apparatus is because all operation only relies on well head and changes working solution the well casing applied pressure is used as control.Do not need advanced downhole sensor, control device, or other sensing annexes.
Though it is to be understood that and disclosed desirable embodiment of the present invention in this article in this skill neck, have the adept can find out many modification undoubtedly, so the spirit and scope of the present invention, claims that should be only later on attached are as boundary.
Claims (14)
1, a kind of borehole wall punch that is used to have the mine of well casing has the following in this punch:
(a) elongate housing has top and bottom, and this upper end can be connected with the supportive device of installing on the ground, and this housing has certain measuring and shape, therefore can axially move in well casing;
(b) the drift spare that can outwards move has the inner and outer end, and there is the well casing cutter sweep this outer end, and is powerful when this well casing promotes when being subjected to, hole of cutter on well casing;
(c) support the guiding device of this drift spare, be used between the two positions that retreats and stretch out, work is with respect to the activity of this elongate housing, and this outer end of this drift spare is in this microscler shell scope substantially when retreating, and this outer end of this drift spare reaches the outside of this supporting mass when stretching out;
(d) this microscler shell and this drift spare have certain size and shape, thereby this punch device can be placed in the well casing and move, when on the position that this punch device is retreating, it is placed in the well casing, this drift spare is on the position of stretching out the time, this outer end of this punch device can reach beyond the external surface of this well casing;
(e) power start drift drive unit, in order to drift spare its retreat and the position of stretching out between promote;
(f) high pressure liquid jet flow generator, wherein there is a high-pressure work liquid to be connected with nozzle unit for the source, movable between going-back position in this drift spare and the extended position, in the time of on going-back position, this nozzle unit is in this drift spare, and on extended position the time, this nozzle unit is in the face of locating of this drift spare, high-pressure jet is sprayed onto beyond the outer end of this drift spare, cutting is also removed soil texture on every side.
2, as the apparatus in the claim 1, it is characterized by this drift spare has a nozzle internal channel, stretches in this drift spare, and this jet flow is supplied with nozzle unit and is positioned at this nozzle guide channel, along channel-active.
3, as the apparatus in the claim 2, it is characterized by the outer end of this movable ram part, there are two to be the surface on plane substantially, crossing along the x wire of basic and this drift spare longitudinal axis vertical stretching.
4, as the apparatus in the claim 3, it is characterized by this drift spare and also have a smear metal cleaning passage in addition, along the external surface stretching, extension of this drift spare, the smear metal soil with in this nozzle unit operation is conveyed into this well casing.
5, as the apparatus in the claim 4, it has feature as follows:
(a) in this high pressure liquid jet flow feedway hose arrangement is arranged, its inner is connected with high-pressure work liquid source, accepts high-pressure cutting fluid, and the outer end is connected with this nozzle unit;
(b) flexible pipe driving power device axially moves this hose arrangement by this drift spare, make this nozzle unit outwards be moved beyond this drift spare, enters the surrounding soil structure, or this nozzle unit is fallen back on the position of this drift spare encirclement.
6, to well casing and the stratum device of giving a farfetched interpretation of punchinging on every side, this device has the following:
(a) supporting shell, its size are adapted at location in the inlet pipe;
(b) power drive well casing cutter sweep is installed on this supporting shell, punchinges putting on the well casing of supporting shell;
(c) cutter drive unit;
(d) the confession source of working fluid in this supporting shell;
(e) be installed in movable conduit in this shell, first and second end is arranged, this first end can be connected for the source with this pressure fluid;
(f) be installed in nozzle unit on movable conduit second end;
(g) guiding device a sizable part of this nozzle unit and this activity conduit, is drawn the hole of cutting a hole by this well casing cutter sweep on this well casing;
(h) conduit drive unit is this activity conduit and nozzle unit, by stretching out or retreat in this well casing hole;
(i) with this pressure fluid for the control device that source is connected, make this cutter drive unit actuate or stop, this nozzle unit and this conduit drive unit respond this working fluid successively and change for the working fluid pressure in source.
7, as the device in the claim 6, its feature is as follows:
(a) in this well casing cutter sweep a drift is arranged;
(b) this cutting driving device has a cutter driving hydraulic cylinder and this drift to be in transmission connection.
8, as the device in the claim 6, it is characterized by this control device has device, and the working fluid pressure reaction along with in this working fluid confession source of first stress level triggers the running of this hydraulic ram; Device is arranged at the working fluid pressure of this working fluid, after reaching this first stress level, when reaching second stress level,, conduit and nozzle unit are stretched out by this eyelet the start trigger of this conduit drive unit for the source.
9, a kind of to well casing and around the stratum method of punchinging, as follows comprising step:
(a) stratum of placing on the degree of depth of the needs of a drift spare in well casing and need punching is aligned;
(b) this punch device to external pressure, pass well casing, reach the position of stretching out, on well casing, form eyelet;
(c) nozzle unit along the guiding device that is located in this drift spare, outwards move by this eyelet that on well casing, forms, supply with the high pressure hydrojet from this nozzle unit simultaneously, cut in the stratum around, simultaneously this punch device is remained on the position of stretching out by this hole.
10, as the method in the claim 9, it is characterized by the realization of step (c), be by hose arrangement is shifted to the outer end, this nozzle unit outwards is installed on the guiding device in this drift spare.
11, as the method in the claim 10, it is characterized by the realization of step (b), be the result who does reaction with working fluid from first stress level a to hydraulic control circuit that supply with; And the realization of step (c) is to make the result of reaction with supply with the second stress level working fluid to this hydraulic control circuit.
12, in the method in claim 11, as follows in steps in addition:
(d) supplying with one the 3rd stress level to this hydraulic control circuit, and after supplying with the working fluid of one the 4th stress level again, reaction thereupon returns to this punch device and this nozzle unit in this well casing.
13, as the method in the claim 11, it is characterized by this each stress level and why obtain, be the output of exporting the pump that is connected with this hydraulic circuit to be arranged by control.
14, as the method in the claim 13, it is characterized by this stress level from minimum to the highest, be followed successively by: the 3rd stress level, the 4th stress level, this first stress level and this second stress level.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 86108916 CN1013781B (en) | 1986-12-30 | 1986-12-30 | Well penetration apparatus and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 86108916 CN1013781B (en) | 1986-12-30 | 1986-12-30 | Well penetration apparatus and method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN86108916A true CN86108916A (en) | 1988-07-20 |
| CN1013781B CN1013781B (en) | 1991-09-04 |
Family
ID=4804105
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 86108916 Expired CN1013781B (en) | 1986-12-30 | 1986-12-30 | Well penetration apparatus and method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1013781B (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100340736C (en) * | 2004-10-22 | 2007-10-03 | 中国石化集团胜利石油管理局钻井工艺研究院 | Boring device for borehole wall |
| CN101960086B (en) * | 2008-03-06 | 2013-11-20 | R·弗里耶 | A method and device for making lateral openings out of a wellbore |
| CN103615270A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-03-05 | 安徽理工大学 | Single hydraulic prop hydraulic pressure three-purpose valve |
| CN103797212A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2014-05-14 | 韦尔泰克有限公司 | A punching tool |
| CN105507855A (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2016-04-20 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Apparatus for producing reservoir exploitation passageway |
| CN108979600A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2018-12-11 | 西安荣达石油工程有限公司 | A kind of oil pipe punch and solve the problems, such as the method that flow nipple blocks |
| US11840032B2 (en) | 2020-07-06 | 2023-12-12 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Method of repairing a combustor liner of a gas turbine engine |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100387803C (en) * | 2005-06-08 | 2008-05-14 | 阮花 | Down-hole multiple radialized holes ultra-deep boring device by abrasive water jet |
-
1986
- 1986-12-30 CN CN 86108916 patent/CN1013781B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100340736C (en) * | 2004-10-22 | 2007-10-03 | 中国石化集团胜利石油管理局钻井工艺研究院 | Boring device for borehole wall |
| CN101960086B (en) * | 2008-03-06 | 2013-11-20 | R·弗里耶 | A method and device for making lateral openings out of a wellbore |
| CN103797212A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2014-05-14 | 韦尔泰克有限公司 | A punching tool |
| CN103615270A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-03-05 | 安徽理工大学 | Single hydraulic prop hydraulic pressure three-purpose valve |
| CN103615270B (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2016-03-16 | 安徽理工大学 | A kind of single hydraulic prop hydraulic pressure three-purpose valve |
| CN105507855A (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2016-04-20 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Apparatus for producing reservoir exploitation passageway |
| CN105507855B (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2018-03-02 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of device for being used to generate storage exploitation runner |
| CN108979600A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2018-12-11 | 西安荣达石油工程有限公司 | A kind of oil pipe punch and solve the problems, such as the method that flow nipple blocks |
| CN108979600B (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2023-11-14 | 西安荣达石油工程有限公司 | Oil pipe puncher and method for solving blocking problem of choke |
| US11840032B2 (en) | 2020-07-06 | 2023-12-12 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Method of repairing a combustor liner of a gas turbine engine |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1013781B (en) | 1991-09-04 |
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