CN108979600B - Oil pipe puncher and method for solving blocking problem of choke - Google Patents
Oil pipe puncher and method for solving blocking problem of choke Download PDFInfo
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- CN108979600B CN108979600B CN201811058093.8A CN201811058093A CN108979600B CN 108979600 B CN108979600 B CN 108979600B CN 201811058093 A CN201811058093 A CN 201811058093A CN 108979600 B CN108979600 B CN 108979600B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 title description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000009096 changqing Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002343 natural gas well Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B29/00—Cutting or destroying pipes, packers, plugs or wire lines, located in boreholes or wells, e.g. cutting of damaged pipes, of windows; Deforming of pipes in boreholes or wells; Reconditioning of well casings while in the ground
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B31/00—Fishing for or freeing objects in boreholes or wells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
- Punching Or Piercing (AREA)
Abstract
The application belongs to the technical field of hole punchers, and particularly relates to an oil pipe hole puncher and a method for solving the problem of blockage of a throttle nozzle. The oil pipe puncher comprises a barrel (1), a body (2), a bracket (3), a punch (4) and a positioner (10), wherein the improvement and the matching of the integral structure are realized, when the bracket (3) is pulled outwards, the punch (4) punches out outwards to break through the oil pipe wall, when the oil pipe wall is broken through, the punch (4) is retracted vertically Ma Youhui, and the positioner (10) fixes the bracket (3) and the punch (4), so that the oil pipe puncher is released from the oil pipe wall to realize the proposal of reuse; the application also provides a method for solving the problem of blockage of the throttle valve, which is simple to operate, has obvious effect on the oil and gas well which is blocked by the throttle valve and cannot be salvaged, and has lower cost and higher safety.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of punchers, and particularly relates to a novel oil pipe puncher and a method for solving the problem of blockage of a throttle nozzle of an oil gas well by using the oil pipe puncher.
Background
In the development operation of petroleum and natural gas, in order to ensure that a circulation channel is arranged between an oil pipe and an annulus in the underground operation process of an oil gas well, perforation is usually needed to be carried out on the oil pipe wall, at present, perforation is carried out on the oil pipe wall through a perforating gun, in the construction operation of the perforating gun, the perforating gun is lowered to a target layer needing perforation underground through a cable or a continuous oil pipe, a detonator is detonated through the cable or a pressure detonator connected with the continuous oil pipe is detonated through the continuous oil pipe in a pressurizing mode, and then the detonators and perforating charges in a cartridge frame are detonated, so that metal jet of the perforating charges penetrates through outer blind holes corresponding to the perforating gun body and central pipes of the oil pipe and a packer, and the oil pipe and a casing are communicated, however, the randomness of holes formed through the perforating gun is very large, the hole shapes are irregular, and the metal jet of the perforating charges is extremely likely to be shot through the casing wall. However, the operation of the oil and gas well in the prior art requires on the one hand the formation of stable holes and the assurance that the casing is not damaged in the case of perforating the tubing, and on the other hand the good extraction of the hole puncher if the hole punching is unsuccessful.
The oil pipe puncher in the prior art has a complex structure, generally needs a hydraulic mechanism or an electric blasting mechanism and the like, and has higher manufacturing cost; in addition, under the condition that the punching is unsuccessful, the puncher is blocked in the wall of the oil pipe, so that the oil pipe cannot be withdrawn, and the use is inconvenient.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a novel oil pipe puncher, which solves the technical problems of complex structure, high manufacturing cost and inconvenient use of the oil pipe puncher in the prior art.
The specific technical scheme is that the oil pipe puncher comprises a barrel, a body, a bracket, a punch and a positioner; the outer end of the cylinder body is provided with a semicircular slip, and the side wall of the cylinder body is provided with a second positioning hole, a second shearing pin hole and a positioning pin sliding hole; the outer end of the bracket is provided with a connecting end, the bracket body is in a semicircular groove shape, and a slideway, a fixed chute and a conical inclined plane are arranged in the groove of the bracket body, namely, the bracket body is inclined obliquely upwards and then inclined downwards after reaching the highest point; the slideway is arranged at the middle position and is used for accommodating the sliding boss card to slide in; the conical inclined planes are arranged on two sides of the slideway; the fixed sliding grooves are arranged at two sides of the sliding way, and two sides of the punch are clamped in the fixed sliding grooves and can be punched outwards under the action of the conical inclined surface in the process that the bracket is pulled outwards, namely, the punch is ejected out of the wall of the oil pipe; the bottom of the inner end of the bracket is provided with a locator mounting seat for positioning a locator; the middle of the body is also in a semicircular structure, one end of the body is provided with a sliding boss and a punched hole, the other end of the body is provided with a cylindrical end corresponding to the inner diameter of the cylinder body, and the cylindrical end can be inserted into the cylinder body; the cylindrical end head is provided with a positioning pin hole and a second shearing pin hole of the body; the middle plane of the body is a fixed boss with a convex middle part, and two sides of the body are slightly lower than the fixed boss and are combined with the semicircular structure of the bracket body to form a cylinder; the fixing boss can be clamped in the semicircular groove of the bracket body; the locator is arranged on the locator mounting seat; the vertical distance from the lowest point to the highest point of the conical inclined surface is equal to the thickness of the wall of the oil pipe to be perforated; the second shear pin penetrates through the second shear pin hole of the cylinder body and the second shear pin hole of the body and is used for fixing the cylinder body and the bracket at the initial stage of the lowering of the oil pipe puncher; when the inner end head of the punching support abuts against the inner wall of the cylindrical end head, the distance from the positioner mounting seat to the second positioning hole is equal to the horizontal length of the conical inclined surface; the side face of the slip is provided with a first shearing pin hole of the cylinder body, and the position of the bracket body close to the connecting end is provided with a first shearing pin hole of the bracket; the first shear pin is used for penetrating through the first shear pin hole of the cylinder and the first shear pin hole of the bracket before working to fix the cylinder and the bracket.
The punch comprises a punch head and a punch seat which are fixedly connected; the two sides of the punching seat are symmetrically provided with a first inclined table top and a second inclined table top; the first inclined table surface and the second inclined table surface have the same inclination direction and opposite upper and lower positions, and two sides of the punching seat can be clamped in the fixed chute to slide along the fixed chute; the lower surface of the punch seat is contacted with the conical inclined surface. Therefore, in the process of pulling the bracket outwards, because of the existence of the first inclined table surface, the punch slides more easily relative to the conical inclined surface and cannot be blocked; and after punching is completed, the oil pipe puncher is taken out, the locator is pressed downwards from the second locating hole and simultaneously the support is pushed inwards when the oil pipe puncher needs to be reset, at the moment, the punch can move reversely along the conical inclined plane, the second inclined table top can enable the punch to move reversely along the conical inclined plane more smoothly, and finally, the oil pipe puncher returns to the original position through the highest point, so that the oil pipe puncher can be operated again.
The cylinder body is provided with a first positioning hole on the same side of the second positioning hole from the sliding hole of the positioning pin; the locating pin passes through the locating pin hole and the locating pin sliding hole and can slide up and down along the locating pin sliding hole.
The cylinder body is provided with a fastening screw hole perpendicular to the relative position of the locating pin sliding hole, the middle part of the locating pin is of an inner hexagon structure, and the fastening screw is propped against the inner hexagon position of the middle part of the locating pin after penetrating through the fastening screw hole and is used for fixing the locating pin and preventing the locating pin from running out or rotating.
When the inner end head of the support abuts against the inner wall of the cylindrical end head, the distance between the locator mounting seat and the first locating hole is equal to the distance between the length of the locating pin sliding hole and the diameter of the locating pin, and meanwhile, the distance between the connecting end head and the outer end head of the slip is equal to the distance between the connecting end head and the outer end head of the slip. The connecting end is connected with the outer end of the slip, and the second shearing pin penetrates through the second shearing pin hole of the cylinder body and the second shearing pin hole of the body to fix the body and the cylinder body relatively, so that when the bracket moves inwards to reach the cylindrical end, the outer part of the bracket is kept a certain distance, the body and the cylinder body are fixed by the positioning pin, and the body is not allowed to move outwards relative to the cylinder body. When the puncher can not punch the pipe wall, the support is impacted downwards forcefully, the support can give a large downward force to the body, the second shearing pin is sheared under the action of external force, the body can continue to move downwards, meanwhile, the positioning pin moves downwards along the positioning pin sliding hole, the positioning pin stops moving when moving to the bottom of the positioning pin sliding hole, and meanwhile, the positioner just moves to the first positioning hole to pop out from the first positioning hole to be fixed, at the moment, the punch can retract under the combined action of the conical inclined plane and the fixed chute, so that the oil pipe puncher can be unlocked with the pipe wall, and then the puncher can be lifted upwards to be taken out.
The locator comprises a locating head and a spring, one end of the spring is arranged in the locating head, and the other end of the spring is arranged in the locator mounting seat.
A method for solving the problem of blockage of a throttle nozzle of an oil gas well by using an oil pipe puncher comprises the following steps that a, a well is opened, so that a pipeline is ensured to be smooth and the steel wire operation is met; b, connecting the oil pipe puncher on the tool string and the steel wire rope, and then slowly and uniformly lowering the oil pipe puncher into an oil-gas well pipeline; c, marking the lowering position of the steel wire rope when the steel wire rope is lowered to the position where the punching depth is required, fixing the position where the steel wire rope is lowered to the depth, slowly lifting the oil pipe puncher at a constant speed, suddenly lowering the steel wire rope, quickly lowering the oil pipe puncher under the action of gravity, and quickly stopping when the oil pipe puncher reaches the position where the steel wire rope is marked to the depth; d, shearing a first shearing pin in the oil pipe puncher, punching out the barrel body and the body outwards under the action of the conical inclined plane in the falling process, and fixing the oil pipe puncher on the wall of the oil pipe by matching with the slips; e, lowering the steel wire rope again, continuously falling the bracket for a certain distance, then lifting the bracket suddenly and upwards, continuously forcing the punch to punch outwards by the conical inclined surface until the pipe wall is broken, continuously sliding downwards to the other side of the inclined surface by crossing the highest point of the conical inclined surface at the moment, retracting the punch, and simultaneously clamping the positioner in the second positioning hole to fix the bracket and the punch; f, lifting the oil outlet pipe puncher to finish punching.
The beneficial effects are that: the structure is simpler, the operation is more convenient, and the manufacturing cost is lower; the punch automatically retracts after the punching is finished, so that the device is more convenient to put forward; under the condition that the punching is unsuccessful, the punch can be retracted to complete unlocking by hammering downwards; the design of the punch structure ensures that the forward and backward movement of the punch relative to the conical inclined surface is smoother.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, the drawings required in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for those skilled in the art, and the technical solutions directly obtained from the drawings shall also fall within the protection scope of the present application.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the assembled structure of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the disassembled structure of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the present application during assembly.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the punch according to the present application.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the positioner according to the present application.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1. a cylinder; 1.1, a first positioning hole; 1.2, a second positioning hole; 1.3, slips; 1.4, locating pin sliding holes; 1.5, a first shearing pin hole of the cylinder body; 2. a body; 2.1, a second shearing pin hole of the body; 2.2, locating pin holes; 2.3, fixing the boss; 2.4, sliding boss; 2.5, punching; 2.6, cylindrical end; 3. a bracket; 3.1, a first shearing pin hole of the bracket; 3.2, a slideway; 3.3, fixing the chute; 3.4, conical inclined surfaces; 3.5, a positioner mounting seat; 3.6, connecting the end heads; 4. a punch; 4.1, a punch; 4.2, punching a seat; 4.2.1, a first inclined table top; 4.2.2, a second inclined table top; 5. a barrel second shear pin hole; 6. fastening screw holes; 7. a positioning pin; 8. a first shear pin; 9. a second shear pin; 10. a positioner; 10.1, positioning head; 10.2, springs; 11. and (5) fastening a screw.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present application will provide further details in order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. The application may be embodied in many other forms than described herein and similarly modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or scope of the application, which is therefore not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1-5, the oil pipe puncher comprises a cylinder 1, a body 2, a bracket 3, a punch 4 and a positioner 10; the outer end of the cylinder body 1 is provided with a semicircular slip 1.3, and the side wall of the cylinder body 1 is provided with a second positioning hole 1.2, a cylinder body second shearing pin hole 5 and a positioning pin sliding hole 1.4; the outer end of the bracket 3 is provided with a connecting end 3.6, the bracket 3 body is in a semicircular groove shape, and a slideway 3.2, a fixed chute 3.3 and a conical inclined surface 3.4 are arranged in the groove of the bracket 3 body, namely, the bracket is inclined obliquely upwards and then is inclined downwards after reaching the highest point; the slideway 3.2 is arranged at the middle position and is used for accommodating the sliding boss 2.4 to clamp and slide in; the conical inclined planes 3.4 are arranged on two sides of the slideway 3.2; the fixed sliding grooves 3.3 are arranged at two sides of the sliding way 3.2, and two sides of the punch 4 are clamped in the fixed sliding grooves 3.3 and can be punched outwards under the action of the conical inclined surface 3.4 in the process that the bracket 3 is pulled outwards, namely, the punch is ejected out towards the wall of the oil pipe; the bottom of the inner end head of the bracket 3 is provided with a positioner mounting seat 3.5 for positioning a positioner 10; the middle of the body 2 is also in a semicircular structure, one end of the body is provided with a sliding boss 2.4 and a punching hole 2.5, the other end of the body is provided with a cylindrical end head 2.6 which is equivalent to the inner diameter of the cylinder body 1, and the cylindrical end head 2.6 can be inserted into the cylinder body 1; the cylindrical end head 2.6 is provided with a positioning pin hole 2.2 and a second shearing pin hole 2.1 of the body; the middle plane of the body 2 is a fixed boss 2.3 with a convex middle part, and two sides of the body are slightly lower than the semi-circular structure of the body of the bracket 3 to form a cylinder; the fixing boss 2.3 can be clamped in a semicircular groove of the bracket 3 body; the positioner 10 is arranged on the positioner mounting seat 3.5; the vertical distance from the lowest point to the highest point of the conical inclined surface 3.4 is equal to the thickness of the wall of the oil pipe to be perforated, so that the oil pipe can be perforated without damaging the sleeve; the second shear pin 9 penetrates through the second shear pin hole 5 of the cylinder body and the second shear pin hole 2.1 of the body and is used for fixing the cylinder body 1 and the bracket 3 at the initial stage of the lowering of the oil pipe puncher; when the inner end head of the bracket 3 abuts against the inner wall of the cylindrical end head 2.6, the distance from the positioner mounting seat 3.5 to the second positioning hole 1.2 is equal to the horizontal length of the conical inclined surface 3.4; the side surface of the slip 1.3 is provided with a first shearing pin hole 1.5 of the cylinder body, and the position of the bracket 3 body close to the connecting end 3.6 is provided with a first shearing pin hole 3.1 of the bracket; the first shear pin 8 is used to pass through the first shear pin hole 1.5 of the cylinder and the first shear pin hole 3.1 of the bracket before working to fix the cylinder 1 and the bracket 3. Therefore, the cylinder body 1 and the body 2 can be relatively fixed, the support 3 can move back and forth relative to the body, in the outward movement process, because of the existence of the conical inclined surface 3.4, the punch 4 is punched outwards under the action of the inclined surface, the fixing of the oil pipe puncher relative to the oil pipe is completed by being matched with the slips 1.3, then the support 3 is continuously pulled outwards to shock the oil pipe wall, the oil pipe wall is continuously impacted until the oil pipe wall is broken, the punch relative to the conical inclined surface 3.4 exceeds the highest point to move to the place when the oil pipe puncher breaks down, when the oil pipe puncher moves to the low point position, the positioner 10 moves to the position of the second positioning hole 1.2 and pops out from the position of the second positioning hole 1.2, so that the relative fixing of the cylinder body 1 relative to the support 3 is realized, namely the punch 4 relative to the support 3 is realized, the punch 4 is kept retracted, and the oil pipe puncher and the oil pipe are released, so that the oil pipe puncher is taken out to be convenient for next operation.
In the embodiment 2, as shown in fig. 4, the punch comprises a punch 4.1 and a punch holder 4.2 which are fixedly connected, and are preferably integrally cast or forged; the two sides of the punch seat 4.2 are symmetrically provided with a first inclined table surface 4.2.1 and a second inclined table surface 4.2.2; the inclined directions of the first inclined table surface 4.2.1 and the second inclined table surface 4.2.2 are the same and the upper and lower positions are opposite, two sides of the punch seat 4.2 can be clamped in the fixed sliding groove 3.3 to slide along the fixed sliding groove 3.3, the fixed sliding groove 3.3 is also in a conical shape parallel to the conical inclined surface 3.4, and the lower surface of the punch seat 4.2 is in contact with the conical inclined surface 3.4. Therefore, in the process of pulling the bracket 3 outwards, because of the existence of the first inclined table surface 4.2.1, the punch 4 slides more easily relative to the conical inclined surface 3.4 and cannot be blocked; after the punching is completed, the oil pipe puncher is taken out, the positioner 10 is pressed downwards from the second positioning hole 1.2 and the bracket 3 is pushed inwards when the oil pipe puncher needs to be reset, at the moment, the punch 4 can move reversely along the conical inclined plane 3.4, the second inclined table surface 4.2.2 is arranged to enable the punch 4 to move reversely along the conical inclined plane 3.4 more smoothly, and finally, the oil pipe puncher returns to the original position through the highest point, so that the oil pipe puncher can be operated again.
1-3, on the basis of the above technical solution, a first positioning hole 1.1 is further provided on the cylinder 1 on the same side of the second positioning hole 1.2 as the positioning pin sliding hole 1.4; the locating pin 7 passes through the locating pin hole 2.2 and the locating pin sliding hole 1.4 and can slide up and down along the locating pin sliding hole 1.4. The cylinder body 1 is vertically provided with a fastening screw hole 6 at the relative position with the locating pin sliding hole 1.4, the middle part of the locating pin 7 is of an inner hexagon structure, and the fastening screw 11 is propped against the inner hexagon structure position of the middle part of the locating pin 7 after penetrating through the fastening screw hole 6, and is used for fixing the locating pin 7 and preventing the locating pin 7 from running out or rotating.
Embodiment 4, as shown in fig. 1-5, the oil pipe puncher comprises a cylinder 1, a body 2, a bracket 3, a punch 4 and a positioner 10; the outer end of the cylinder body 1 is provided with a semicircular slip 1.3, and the side wall of the cylinder body 1 is provided with a second positioning hole 1.2, a cylinder body second shearing pin hole 5 and a positioning pin sliding hole 1.4; the outer end of the bracket 3 is provided with a connecting end 3.6, the bracket 3 body is in a semicircular groove shape, and a slideway 3.2, a fixed chute 3.3 and a conical inclined surface 3.4 are arranged in the groove of the bracket 3 body, namely, the bracket is inclined obliquely upwards and then is inclined downwards after reaching the highest point; the slideway 3.2 is arranged at the middle position and is used for accommodating the sliding boss 2.4 to clamp and slide in; the conical inclined planes 3.4 are arranged on two sides of the slideway 3.2; the fixed sliding grooves 3.3 are arranged at two sides of the sliding way 3.2, and two sides of the punch 4 are clamped in the fixed sliding grooves 3.3 and can be punched outwards under the action of the conical inclined surface 3.4 in the process that the bracket 3 is pulled outwards, namely, the punch is ejected out towards the wall of the oil pipe; the bottom of the inner end head of the bracket 3 is provided with a positioner mounting seat 3.5 for positioning a positioner 10; the middle of the body 2 is also in a semicircular structure, one end of the body is provided with a sliding boss 2.4 and a punching hole 2.5, the other end of the body is provided with a cylindrical end head 2.6 which is equivalent to the inner diameter of the cylinder body 1, and the cylindrical end head 2.6 can be inserted into the cylinder body 1; the cylindrical end head 2.6 is provided with a positioning pin hole 2.2 and a second shearing pin hole 2.1 of the body; the middle plane of the body 2 is a fixed boss 2.3 with a convex middle part, and two sides of the body are slightly lower than the semi-circular structure of the body of the bracket 3 to form a cylinder; the fixing boss 2.3 can be clamped in a semicircular groove of the bracket 3 body; the positioner 10 is arranged on the positioner mounting seat 3.5; the vertical distance from the lowest point to the highest point of the conical inclined surface 3.4 is equal to the thickness of the wall of the oil pipe to be perforated, so that the oil pipe can be perforated without damaging the sleeve; the second shear pin 9 penetrates through the second shear pin hole 5 of the cylinder body and the second shear pin hole 2.1 of the body and is used for fixing the cylinder body 1 and the bracket 3 at the initial stage of the lowering of the oil pipe puncher; when the inner end head of the bracket 3 abuts against the inner wall of the cylindrical end head 2.6, the distance from the positioner mounting seat 3.5 to the second positioning hole 1.2 is equal to the horizontal length of the conical inclined surface 3.4; the side surface of the slip 1.3 is provided with a first shearing pin hole 1.5 of the cylinder body, and the position of the bracket 3 body close to the connecting end 3.6 is provided with a first shearing pin hole 3.1 of the bracket; the first shear pin 8 is used to pass through the first shear pin hole 1.5 of the cylinder and the first shear pin hole 3.1 of the bracket before working to fix the cylinder 1 and the bracket 3. The punch comprises a punch head 4.1 and a punch seat 4.2 which are fixedly connected, and are preferably formed by integral casting or forging; the two sides of the punch seat 4.2 are symmetrically provided with a first inclined table surface 4.2.1 and a second inclined table surface 4.2.2; the inclined directions of the first inclined table surface 4.2.1 and the second inclined table surface 4.2.2 are the same and the upper and lower positions are opposite, two sides of the punch seat 4.2 can be clamped in the fixed sliding groove 3.3 to slide along the fixed sliding groove 3.3, the fixed sliding groove 3.3 is also in a conical shape parallel to the conical inclined surface 3.4, and the lower surface of the punch seat 4.2 is in contact with the conical inclined surface 3.4. The cylinder body 1 is provided with a first positioning hole 1.1 at the same side of the second positioning hole 1.2 and the positioning pin sliding hole 1.4; the locating pin 7 passes through the locating pin hole 2.2 and the locating pin sliding hole 1.4 and can slide up and down along the locating pin sliding hole 1.4. The cylinder body 1 is vertically provided with a fastening screw hole 6 at the relative position with the locating pin sliding hole 1.4, the middle part of the locating pin 7 is of an inner hexagon structure, and the fastening screw 11 is propped against the inner hexagon structure position of the middle part of the locating pin 7 after penetrating through the fastening screw hole 6, and is used for fixing the locating pin 7 and preventing the locating pin 7 from running out or rotating.
Further, when the inner end of the bracket 3 abuts against the inner wall of the cylindrical end head 2.6, the distance between the positioner mounting seat 3.5 and the first positioning hole 1.1 is equal to the distance between the length of the positioning pin sliding hole 1.4 and the diameter of the positioning pin 7, and is equal to the distance between the connecting end head 3.6 and the outer end head of the slip 1.3. In normal use, a distance is reserved from the connecting end 3.6 to the outer end of the slip 1.3, and at this time, the second shear pin 9 penetrates through the cylinder second shear pin hole 5 and the body second shear pin hole 2.1 to fix the body 3 and the cylinder 1 relatively, so that when the bracket 3 moves inwards to reach the cylindrical end 2.6, a distance is reserved outside, and the positioning pin 7 also fixes the body 2 and the cylinder 1, so that the body 2 is not allowed to move outwards relative to the cylinder 1. When the oil pipe puncher can not punch through the pipe wall, the support 3 is impacted downwards with force, at the moment, the support 3 can give a large downward force to the body, the second shearing pin 9 is sheared under the action of external force, so that the body 2 can continue to move downwards, meanwhile, the positioning pin 7 moves downwards along the positioning pin sliding hole 1.4, when the positioning pin 7 moves to the bottom of the positioning pin sliding hole 1.4, the movement is stopped, and meanwhile, the positioner 10 just moves to the first positioning hole 1.1 and pops out from the first positioning hole 1.1 to be fixed, at the moment, the punch 4 can retract under the combined action of the conical inclined surface 3.4 and the fixed chute 3.3, and the oil pipe puncher can be unlocked with the pipe wall, and then lifted upwards to take out the puncher for repeated use.
Further, the positioner comprises a positioning head 10.1 and a spring 10.2, wherein one end of the spring 10.2 is arranged in the positioning head 10.1, and the other end is arranged in the positioner mounting seat 3.5. The structure is simpler, the operation is more convenient, and the manufacturing cost is lower; the punch automatically retracts after the punching is finished, and the lifting is convenient; under the condition that the punching is unsuccessful, the punch can be retracted to complete unlocking by hammering downwards; the design of the punch structure ensures that the forward and backward movement of the punch relative to the conical inclined surface is smoother.
Embodiment 5 is directed at the situation that the choke in the well bore of the natural gas well cannot be salvaged, so that the choke is blocked, or the circulating sliding sleeve cannot be opened during workover operation, so that the gas well cannot be produced, or the circulating well washing and well killing cannot be performed before the test tubular column is started.
The application also provides a method for solving the problem of blockage of the throttle mouth of the oil gas well by using the oil pipe puncher, which comprises the following steps that firstly, the well is cleared, and the smooth pipeline is ensured to meet the steel wire operation; then connecting the oil pipe puncher on the tool string and the steel wire rope, connecting the lower end of the tool string with the connecting end, preferably using threaded connection, and slowly and uniformly lowering the tool string into an oil-gas well pipeline; then, after the steel wire rope descends to the position requiring punching depth, marking the descending position of the steel wire rope, fixing the marking position of the descending depth of the steel wire rope, slowly lifting the oil pipe puncher at a constant speed, suddenly descending the steel wire rope, rapidly descending the oil pipe puncher under the action of gravity, and rapidly stopping when the oil pipe puncher reaches the marking depth position; then a first shearing pin in the oil pipe puncher is sheared short, a punch 4 is punched outwards under the action of a conical inclined surface 3.4 in the falling process of the cylinder body 1 and the body 2, and the first shearing pin is matched with a slip 1.3 to fix the oil pipe puncher on the wall of an oil pipe; the steel wire rope is lowered again, the support 3 can continuously fall for a certain distance, then the support is lifted upwards suddenly, the process is repeated, the conical inclined surface 3.4 continuously forces the punch 4 to punch outwards until the pipe wall is broken, at the moment, the punch can cross the highest point of the conical inclined surface 3.4 and continuously slide downwards to the other side of the inclined surface so as to retract, the positioner 10 can be clamped into the second positioning hole in the upward movement process after the punch breaks the pipe wall, so that the punch is kept in the retraction state, the oil pipe puncher can be relatively released from the pipe wall, and the oil pipe puncher is lifted upwards, so that the oil pipe puncher can be reused. After the oil pipe puncher is lifted out, the positioner 10 is pressed down, the support is pushed inwards at the same time, so that the oil pipe puncher is reset, and then the first shearing pin 8 is reinserted into the first shearing pin hole of the cylinder body and the first shearing pin hole of the support, so that the oil pipe puncher can be reused.
In addition, if the puncher is used for punching through the pipe wall in the same way or the punching position is improper, the bracket 3 can be struck downwards, then the second shearing pin can be sheared, the bracket can move downwards continuously, meanwhile, the punch can move backwards relatively under the combined action of the conical inclined surface 3.4 and the fixed sliding groove 3.3, and when the positioner 10 is clamped into the second positioning hole 1.2, namely, when the positioning pin 7 reaches the bottom of the positioning pin sliding hole 1.4, the position of the bracket 3 is fixed relatively, namely, the punch is fixed at the initial lowest point to keep the retracted state. Then the slips realize the unblocking with the pipe wall, and then only the upper body oil pipe puncher is needed to be used for initially punching the oil pipe. And then pressing back the positioner 10 again, simultaneously extracting the bracket outwards, and reinserting a second shear pin, thereby completing the resetting of the oil pipe puncher.
Oil pipe puncher application case: the threo XX well of the gas production plant of the Changqing oilfield finds that the gas quantity is seriously reduced in the production process, after adopting some drainage gas production processes on site, the method still has no obvious effect, and after the method is discussed and decided by a staff of a first party, the underground throttler is salvaged for the well, the throttle air tap is checked and replaced, and the gas production quantity is adjusted. And constructing the well fishing throttler on the 3 rd month 11 th year 2018. The downhole choke slips are blocked at the oil pipe joint hoops due to long service time of the downhole choke in the construction process. When the fishing is carried out for one day, the throttler cannot be fished out, the well is opened, no gas quantity is found in the well, and the air tap of the throttler is blocked. The well is again fished for the choke on the 3 rd month 15 th 2018, the choke is fished for failure after various attempts, and the well stops production and waits for the next measure.
The 28 day warp factory production organization in 2018 proposes a scheme for recovering production of the well, which is perforated above a choke to recover normal production of the gas well.
And punching the well oil pipe on the 5 th and 4 th 2018 days.
The day 9:40 reaches the well site, and the risk reduction measures before construction are taken before the working is completed. And (5) arranging a construction site.
10:30, starting well-dredging operation: smoothly pass through the well to the choke meeting point.
Tool string structure (top down): Φ38×180mm wire rope cap+Φ38×280mm rotary joint+Φ38×1200mm weighted rod+Φ38×300mm universal joint+Φ38×1560mm jar+Φ59×280mm drift gauge. Smoothly passing through the well to the choke meeting point, and slowly pulling out the tool string. And carrying out the next punching operation. And (3) starting punching by a steel wire puncher at a ratio of 13:50: tool string structure (top down): and after the tool string is lowered to a preset position, rapidly lowering the tool string to stop rapidly, cutting off an upper pin of the oil pipe puncher, ejecting a punching head, raising the lifting force when the tool string is raised, lowering the tool string to close the jar, rapidly raising the jar, and then, shocking the jar, wherein the lifting force is normal after 7 jarring, and successful punching. And after the perforation is successful, the well is opened, and the gas quantity is rapidly increased. The well has remarkable punching effect. The safety risk of the pipe column under the pressure is greatly reduced, and the production cost is reduced. The oil gas well which is blocked and can not be salvaged by the air tap of the restrictor has the advantages of remarkable effect, lower cost and higher safety.
Claims (7)
1. An oil pipe puncher, its characterized in that: comprises a cylinder body (1), a body (2), a bracket (3), a punch (4) and a positioner (10); the outer end of the cylinder body (1) is provided with a semicircular slip (1.3), and the side wall of the cylinder body (1) is provided with a second positioning hole (1.2), a cylinder body second shearing pin hole (5) and a positioning pin sliding hole (1.4); the outer end of the bracket (3) is provided with a connecting end (3.6), the bracket (3) body is in a semicircular groove shape, and a slide way (3.2), a fixed slide way (3.3) and a conical inclined plane (3.4) are arranged in the bracket (3) body; the slideway (3.2) is arranged at the middle position and is used for accommodating the sliding boss (2.4) to clamp and slide in; the conical inclined planes (3.4) are arranged at two sides of the slideway (3.2); the fixed sliding grooves (3.3) are arranged at two sides of the sliding way (3.2), two sides of the punch (4) are clamped in the fixed sliding grooves (3.3), and the punch can be punched outwards under the action of the conical inclined surface (3.4) in the process of outwards pulling the bracket (3); the bottom of the inner end head of the bracket (3) is provided with a locator mounting seat (3.5); the middle of the body (2) is also in a semicircular structure, one end of the body is provided with a sliding boss (2.4) and a punched hole (2.5), the other end of the body is provided with a cylindrical end head (2.6) which is equivalent to the inner diameter of the cylinder body (1), and the cylindrical end head (2.6) is provided with a positioning pin hole (2.2) and a second shearing pin hole (2.1) of the body; the middle plane of the body (2) is provided with a fixing boss (2.3) protruding in the middle, and the fixing boss (2.3) can be clamped in a semicircular groove of the body of the bracket (3); the locator (10) is arranged on the locator mounting seat; the vertical distance from the lowest point to the highest point of the conical inclined surface (3.4) is equal to the thickness of the wall of the oil pipe to be perforated; the second shear pin (9) passes through the second shear pin hole (5) of the cylinder body and the second shear pin hole (2.1) of the body; when the inner end head of the punching support (3) is propped against the inner wall of the cylindrical end head (2.6), the distance from the positioner mounting seat (3.5) to the second positioning hole (1.2) is equal to the horizontal length of the conical inclined surface (3.4); the side surface of the slip (1.3) is provided with a first shearing pin hole (1.5) of the cylinder body, and the position of the bracket (3) body close to the connecting end (3.6) is provided with a first shearing pin hole (3.1) of the bracket; the first shear pin (8) is used for penetrating through the first shear pin hole (1.5) of the cylinder body and the first shear pin hole (3.1) of the bracket before working to fix the cylinder body (1) and the bracket (3).
2. The tubing punch as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the punch (4) comprises a punch head (4.1) and a punch seat (4.2) which are fixedly connected; the two sides of the punching seat (4.2) are symmetrically provided with a first inclined table top (4.2.1) and a second inclined table top (4.2.2); the inclined directions of the first inclined table top (4.2.1) and the second inclined table top (4.2.2) are the same and the upper and lower positions are opposite, and two sides of the punching seat (4.2) can be clamped in the fixed chute (3.3) to slide along the fixed chute (3.3); the lower surface of the punch seat (4.2) is contacted with the conical inclined surface (3.4).
3. The tubing punch as claimed in claim 2, wherein: a first positioning hole (1.1) is further formed in the cylinder body (1) and located at one side of the second positioning hole (1.2) towards the positioning pin sliding hole (1.4); the locating pin (7) passes through the locating pin hole (2.2) and the locating pin sliding hole (1.4) and can slide up and down along the locating pin sliding hole (1.4).
4. A tubing punch as claimed in claim 3, wherein: a fastening screw hole (6) is vertically arranged on the cylinder body (1) at the position opposite to the locating pin sliding hole (1.4), the middle part of the locating pin (7) is of an inner hexagon structure, and a fastening screw (11) abuts against the inner hexagon position of the middle part of the locating pin (7) after penetrating through the fastening screw hole (6).
5. The tubing punch as claimed in claim 4, wherein: when the inner end head of the punching support (3) is propped against the inner wall of the cylindrical end head (2.6), the distance between the locator mounting seat (3.5) and the first locating hole (1.1) is equal to the distance between the length of the locating pin sliding hole (1.4) and the diameter of the locating pin (7), and is equal to the distance between the connecting end head (3.6) and the outer end head of the slip (1.3).
6. The tubing punch as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the positioner (10) comprises a positioning head (10.1) and a spring (10.2), one end of the spring (10.2) is arranged in the positioning head (10.1), and the other end of the spring is arranged in the positioner mounting seat (3.5).
7. A method for solving the problem of plugging of a choke of an oil and gas well by using the oil pipe puncher of claims 1-6, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps that a, a well is opened, so that smooth pipeline can be ensured to meet the requirement of steel wire operation; b, connecting the oil pipe puncher on the tool string and the steel wire rope, and then slowly and uniformly lowering the oil pipe puncher into an oil-gas well pipeline; c, marking the lowering position of the steel wire rope when the steel wire rope is lowered to the position where the punching depth is required, fixing the position where the steel wire rope is lowered to the depth, slowly lifting the oil pipe puncher at a constant speed, suddenly lowering the steel wire rope, quickly lowering the oil pipe puncher under the action of gravity, and quickly stopping when the oil pipe puncher reaches the position where the steel wire rope is marked to the depth; d, shearing a first shearing pin in the oil pipe puncher, namely punching a punch (4) outwards under the action of a conical inclined plane (3.4) in the falling process of the cylinder body (1) and the body (2), and fixing the oil pipe puncher on the wall of the oil pipe by matching with a slip (1.3); e, lowering the steel wire rope again, enabling the bracket (3) to continuously fall for a certain distance relatively, then repeatedly lifting upwards, continuously forcing the punch (4) to punch outwards by the conical inclined surface (3.4) in the process of continuously repeatedly lifting, until the pipe wall is broken, enabling the punch to continuously slide downwards to the other side of the inclined surface by crossing the highest point of the conical inclined surface (3.4) at the moment, retracting, and enabling the locator (10) to be clamped in the second locating hole (1.2) to fix the bracket and the punch (4); f, lifting the oil outlet pipe puncher to finish punching operation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811058093.8A CN108979600B (en) | 2018-09-11 | 2018-09-11 | Oil pipe puncher and method for solving blocking problem of choke |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811058093.8A CN108979600B (en) | 2018-09-11 | 2018-09-11 | Oil pipe puncher and method for solving blocking problem of choke |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108979600A CN108979600A (en) | 2018-12-11 |
| CN108979600B true CN108979600B (en) | 2023-11-14 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201811058093.8A Active CN108979600B (en) | 2018-09-11 | 2018-09-11 | Oil pipe puncher and method for solving blocking problem of choke |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111434882B (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2022-05-06 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for establishing one-way drainage gas production channel on oil pipe |
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| CN209011809U (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2019-06-21 | 西安荣达石油工程有限公司 | A kind of oil pipe punch |
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| CN86108916A (en) * | 1986-12-30 | 1988-07-20 | 赫曼·J·舒尔史特 | Well penetration apparatus and method |
| US5865252A (en) * | 1997-02-03 | 1999-02-02 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | One-trip well perforation/proppant fracturing apparatus and methods |
| CN200940457Y (en) * | 2006-07-26 | 2007-08-29 | 大港油田集团有限责任公司 | Punching hole releasing device |
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|---|---|
| CN108979600A (en) | 2018-12-11 |
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