CN86104818A - Fibre-reinforced metal matrix composites - Google Patents
Fibre-reinforced metal matrix composites Download PDFInfo
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- CN86104818A CN86104818A CN198686104818A CN86104818A CN86104818A CN 86104818 A CN86104818 A CN 86104818A CN 198686104818 A CN198686104818 A CN 198686104818A CN 86104818 A CN86104818 A CN 86104818A CN 86104818 A CN86104818 A CN 86104818A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C47/02—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments
- C22C47/025—Aligning or orienting the fibres
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C49/14—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the fibres or filaments
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
- Y10S428/923—Physical dimension
- Y10S428/924—Composite
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12486—Laterally noncoextensive components [e.g., embedded, etc.]
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Abstract
A kind of metal-base composites comprises and is embedded in metal matrix material, such as a kind of light metal, and being arranged in rows basically in aluminium or magnesium or their a kind of alloy for example, the inorganic oxide fibres that diameter is thin.In specific specific scheme, nominally fiber is a successive, preferably mean diameter is less than 5 microns.This matrix material can be made by liquid infiltration fibre preforms product, prefabrication comprises with fiber inorganic or that organic binder bond is bonded together, perhaps (under the situation of staple fibre) by the extruding a kind of mixture, for example the suspension of fiber and powdery metal body material is made.
Description
Relate generally to of the present invention has the metal strengthening material of inorganic fibre, particularly fibre-reinforced metal matrix composites, and this matrix material contains inorganic oxide fibres, and particularly sapphire whisker embeds in the metallic matrix as strengthening material.The present invention includes the prefabrication that is suitable for as strengthening material that embeds in the metallic matrix and inorganic oxide fibres manufacturing, and the preparation method of metal-base composites and prefabrication.
Known metal base complex (below be abbreviated as MMCs) contains inorganic oxide fibres, for example as strengthening with the polycrystalline alumina fiber of definite form embedding as strengthening material in the matrix, this base comprises a kind of metal, for example aluminium or magnesium or with aluminium or the magnesium alloy as main component.Normally used fiber is short (for example the longest is 5 millimeters) sapphire whisker in this MMCs, and thin (for example mean diameter is 3 microns) of diameter are the fiber of arbitrary orientation on perpendicular to the plane of thickness of composite material direction at least.The such MMCs that contains sapphire whisker in alloy has begun to be extensive use of in industry, internal combustion engine particularly, and wherein piston land face and/or piston head district strengthen with sapphire whisker.
Contain MMCs that be arranged in rows, the successive sapphire whisker and also be proposed the place that is used in the unidirectional reinforcement of needs, for example, the reinforcement of IC engine link rod.In the MMCs of the type, the sapphire whisker diameter is bigger, and for example diameter is at least 8 microns, usually at least 10 microns ， And contain a kind of a high proportion of, 60 to 100% αYang Hualv for example.This fiber presents high intensity, but lacks flexible.
So far, be arranged in rows, diameter is thin, and (mean diameter is typically below 10 microns, be preferably in below 5 microns) fiber, it may be short (typically below 5 centimetres) nominally or successive (typical length is greater than 0.5 meter, preferably several meters long), the MMCs that contains these fibers can't produce.The present invention relates to that MMCs and containing is arranged in rows, the MMCs prefabrication of the fiber that diameter is thin.
Can provide a kind of containing to be arranged in rows basically according to the present invention, be embedded in the metal-base composites of the inorganic oxide fibres on the metal_based material, this average fibre diameter is below 10 microns, and is best below 5 microns.
Nominally this inorganic oxide fibres is the successive fiber preferably.
A kind of prefabrication that is suitable for mixing in the metal matrix material also can be provided according to the present invention, to produce according to previously described metal-base composites, it contains the inorganic oxide fibres that is arranged in rows basically, average fibre diameter is below 10 microns, and And is with a kind of tackiness agent be bonded together (preferably a kind of inorganic adhesive of tackiness agent or contain a kind of inorganic adhesive).
If desired, inorganic oxide fibres can be used for mixing with other types of fibers and/or with the particulate material of non-fiber, for example silicon carbide whisker, aluminosilicate fiber and particulate alumina, zirconium white or silicon carbide, the ratio of other material is generally about 40% to about 80% of fiber in this mixture.
The percent by volume of (with in prefabrication) fiber can change within wide scope in MMC, and this depends on working order that MMC is required and reinforcement after this.As guiding, the percent by volume of fiber is from about 10% to 60% or higher.Basically the fiber that is arranged in rows used according to the invention has the advantage of allowing with high fraction volume of fiber, for example reaches the not significant fracture of fiber greater than 35% ， And.
For in matrix material, obtaining the fiber of high percent by volume, in metal-base composites, mix a large amount of fibers, relate to fiber is seated in together problem.Inorganic oxide fibres is very hard, but quite crisp, the fiber cushion of compression arbitrary orientation or the large-scale fracture that thin layer causes fiber.When compressing when obtaining high percent by volume fiber, the fracture that fiber directed or that be arranged in rows produces is less.
Inorganic oxide fibres may be very short fiber, the fiber of Qie Duaning for example, length is several critical minimum value, for example 5 microns, general about 20 microns up to the hundreds of micron, for example 500 microns, fiber also may be quite long, length be several centimetres or even several meters (length that certainly, depends on prepared MMC); Under the little situation of MMCs, fiber or its great majority can be that the And of Lian Xu runs through MMC length.The length of fiber is important in the method that decision MMC produces.Staple fibre, the fiber of Qie Duaning for example, usually can not be with the fibers form that is arranged in rows, when adopting this fiber, must use the production technology that causes fibre array to be embarked on journey, particularly suitable technology is an extrusion technique, when utilizing this technology fiber is pushed by mould under shearing condition with tackiness agent mixing (formation prefabrication) or with pulverous metal_based material mixing (directly forming MMC) And, and fiber is arranged in rows in extrudate thus.On the other hand, macrofiber can not be arranged in rows at MMC or prefabrication production period, need give arrangement, for example with the fiber cushion that is arranged in rows basically or the form of thin layer.
Basically the fiber product that is arranged in rows, promptly resemble the product form of bed course or thin layer and so on, wherein, fiber is arranged in rows basically as filament, can compress this product to increase the percent by volume of fiber, here, not have to be increased to greater than 25% under the undue crack conditions at fiber, particularly be compressed to the fracture that same percent by volume causes with fiber by the product of the fiber manufacturing of the arbitrary orientation of same diameter and compare, the fibre breakage degree is very low.In a specific specific scheme of the present invention, nominally preferably containing the compression of successive fiber product, here, the percent by volume of fiber is increased to about 50% or bigger, and not significant fracture (being that length reduces) of fiber.The applied pressure of conpressed fibers can not cause that fiber ruptures on a large scale from 5 to 1000MPa.By comparison, the fiber cushion of the identical arbitrary orientation of diameter being compressed to fraction volume of fiber is 12 to 15% to cause the fracture on a large scale of fiber.
When product compressed, the fracture of fiber caused the reduction of product tensile strength on the direction that common fibre array is embarked on journey.The undue fracture of fiber means the unexpected reduction of product unit's tensile strength (equaling destructive force/sample mass), is reduced to be lower than 50%.The compression that so-called fiber " does not have significantly fracture " refers to and causes that not product unit's tensile strength is reduced to the compression in 50%.
The significantly compression degree of fracture takes place in fiber, when reduction is represented suddenly with product unit's tensile strength, wearing or featuring stage armour product bar is compressed to the different percent by volume of fiber and measures that (each bar length is identical roughly, width is approximate identical with weight), the tensile strength ， And of unit that measures each compressor bar notices that the unit tenacity of compressing sample reduces central compression degree suddenly.Method following the instructions, a fiber product bar that is arranged in rows basically of the present invention, here the percent by volume of fiber is 10%, be of a size of 50 millimeters * 3 millimeters (direction of embarking on journey with fibre array is a length direction usually), in 50 millimeters * 3 millimeters grooves being furnished with plunger, be compressed to and the corresponding thickness of the percent by volume of fiber, this percent by volume is respectively 20,30,35,40 and 45%.Measure the tensile strength of each compressor bar, calculate the unit tensile strength of compressor bar.In this test, the unit tensile strength of finding compressor bar be same ± 20%, these are compressed to percent by volume is 20,30 and 35%, and the unit tensile strength that is compressed to the compressor bar of 40% percent by volume only is reduced to and is about 5% of the intensity of first three compressor bar.Fiber suffers that significantly the compression degree of fracture should be mutually and is compressed to fraction volume of fiber between 35 and 40%.
Point out the compressibility of fiber product roughly, show that the unexpected reduction of the unit tensile strength of the product that fiber ruptures can be measured by drawn products sample between the check meter on a large scale.Do not have damaged product tension disconnected, and broken easily by damaged product.Use this specimen test, experienced operator can be reasonably, determine that accurately clear of destructive takes place on a large scale fiber.
Fiber in MMC and prefabrication is arranged in rows basically, reaches the fibre orientation of height in MMC and prefabrication.If desired, fibers all substantially in MMC or prefabrication can be adjusted at the equidirectional that is arranged in rows, in order that give product unidirectional intensity.On the other hand, can adopt multi-layer fiber to strengthen, here fiber is arranged in rows in a certain layer basically, but the fiber in different layers intersects, promptly with different direction orientations, in order that give product multi-direction intensity.Much less, the MMCs and the prefabrication that have multi-layer fiber to strengthen, wherein, every layer of fibre array embarked on journey, but the fiber orientation directions of different layers is different, however, this is still within the scope of the present invention.
The fiber that the invention belongs to by mixing high strength and modulus improves metal, particularly light metal, for example rigidity/modulus of aluminium, magnesium and alloy thereof and high-temperature behavior.Fraction volume of fiber in matrix material can for for example up to matrix material 60% or higher, be generally 10% to 50% of matrix material.Matrix material can contain for example sapphire whisker of from 0.1 to 2.5 grams per milliliter, and the sapphire whisker of general from 0.2 to 2.0 grams per milliliter is perhaps up to the Zirconium oxide fibre of 3 grams per milliliters.The fibre content of matrix material can run through the thickness of matrix material and change, for example at outside surface (use face) height of matrix material and reverse side is low.The variation of fibre content can be uniform or fractionated.A specific scheme of the present invention is MMC, and here, fibre content is a changed in stages, is the laminated product of the MMCs of different fibre contents, and if desired, by layer of metal, for example a slice aluminium or magnesium are isolated single MMCs in whole laminated product.Matrix material can have the suitable textile fibres of one deck, for example the fibrolaminar backing layer of Kevlar.
Reinforcement among the MMCs can be a kind of fiber product that is arranged in rows basically that contains inorganic oxide fibres, and the mean diameter of fiber is not more than 10 microns, preferably is not more than 5 microns.So-called " fiber product that is arranged in rows basically " is meant a kind of product form, fiber extends with identical substantially direction therein, but under the macrofiber situation, can not be really parallel on whole length, so that fiber has to a certain degree overlapping, and any specific fiber partly or completely the direction that is arranged in rows substantially of length and fiber extend (for example reaching 30 °) with an angle, perhaps even more wide-angle is extended.In this product, general impression is that fiber is parallel, but in fact has slight overlappingly, has lateral stability in order to make product, can make fiber separation within reason, and the entanglement of fiber may meet the requirements.The fiber of the present invention's suggestion at least 90% is substantially parallel.
A specific concrete scheme of the fiber product that is arranged in rows, inorganic oxide fibres is " nominally successive ", this term means that the discrete fiber can be continuously inreal, this is at the product indefinite length or extends on the meaning of whole length and say, but each fiber has tangible length, promptly at least 0.5 meter, common several meters, so that the whole impression in product is the successive fiber.The free end of fiber may be presented in the product like this, and expression fiber continuity is interrupted.But free-ended number is lower usually in arbitrary sq of product usually, and the ratio of chopped fibre will be not more than about 1% in a sq.
Nominally being used to make the typical fiber-reinforced material that MMCs And of the present invention contains continuous fibre is the bed course or the thin layer of several mm thick.In the product of this thickness, the free-ended number of fiber may reach 2500 in product one sq; By comparison, 50,000 free ends of having an appointment in the proximate product of quality of weak point (being not more than 5 centimetres) the fiber manufacturing of same diameter.Like this, nominally the product that product that the successive fiber is made and staple fibre are made is very inequality on outward appearance and performance.
Fiber in fiber-reinforced material is the polycrystalline metal-oxide fiber, for example aluminum oxide and Zirconium oxide fibre, preferably sapphire whisker.In this case, sapphire whisker can contain Alpha-alumina or change the aluminum oxide, particularly γ of phase-or δ-aluminum oxide, and this depends primarily on the suffered thermal treatment of fiber.Usually, fiber will be made up of the Alpha-alumina of transition alumina or small proportion fully, transition alumina, for example η-, γ-or δ-aluminum oxide embeds in the matrix.Be preferably fiber and do not contain or contain a small amount of Alpha-alumina, particularly Alpha-alumina content is lower than 20%(weight), especially be lower than 10%(weight).Usually, the Alpha-alumina content of fiber is big more, and its tensile strength is low more, and its flexibility is low more.Fiber preferably of the present invention presents satisfied tensile strength, and high flexibility is arranged.In a specific specific scheme of the present invention, the tensile strength of fiber is greater than 1750MPa, and modulus is greater than 200GPa.
Under the sapphire whisker situation, the density of fiber depends primarily on the suffered thermal treatment of fiber.Drawing a And to the small part drying, gelled fibre is heated to about 600 ℃ steam from 200 ℃ in temperature, so that decompose the original metal oxide compound, further heat then so that sintering output metal-oxide fiber.Sintering temperature can adopt 1000 ℃ or higher.After the steam treatment, fiber is high pore, when sintering up to for example 900-950 ℃ the time, high gas porosity is retained.But the fiber gas porosity is little behind for example 1100 ℃ or higher temperature sintering.Like this, by the control sintering temperature, can obtain the low-density fibre of high porosity or the high-density fiber of low porosity.The typical volume density of low density and high-density fiber is 1.75 grams per milliliters and 3.3 grams per milliliters; Any required in this scope the fiber of density can obtain by the suffered thermal treatment of careful controlling fiber.
We observe is not having great effect ， And and this modulus not with fiber volume density generation significant change to the fiber degree of heat-treating to the modulus of sapphire whisker more than 800 ℃.For example,, in the scope of 3.3 grams per milliliters, observe modulus and typically change from about 150-200GPa at fiber volume density 2 grams per milliliters to about 200-250GPa.Like this, fiber modulus is with the ratio (unit's of equaling modulus) of fibre density low-density fibre maximum normally.
Can produce by blowing a technology or centrifugal drawing technology with the successive fiber product nominally be arranged in rows.In both cases, a kind of wire drawing prescription forms the original streamline of many fibers, and it is dried to produce gelled fibre at the middle of stroke branch at least, then it is collected on the suitable device, for example the winding drum of a high speed rotating.The speed of rotation of winding drum will depend on that the bulging diameter ， And and the drawing speed of fiber are complementary, so that undue tension force is not applied on the weak gelled fibre.Only as a kind of guiding, be that 15 centimetres winding drum speed is that 1500rpm is quite typical to diameter.In fact twine winding drum and may meet the requirements,, help that fiber is pulled out desired Zhi Jing And and keep fiber to be in line so that make fiber be subjected to slight pulling force than the extruded velocity of fiber is quicker a little.Certainly, the pulling force that applies should be not enough to destroy most of fibers.
As mentioned above, what fiber can not be real is continuous, and general length is several meters.Under situation about collecting on the winding drum, the fiber minimum length approximates the girth of winding drum, because be pulled out away from going barrel than this short fiber.Because fiber is not an endless, the wire drawings simultaneously of importantly many fibers, so that the fiber bunchy of collecting or in flakes by device, therefore, the free end of fiber is carried by fibrous bundle or sheet, causing the general impression fiber is successive.
In order to produce the polycrystalline metal-oxide fiber, the wire drawing prescription can be any known systems, does not preferably have or do not have basically size greater than 10 microns, and preferably size is greater than the wire-drawing solution of the solid particulate of 5 microns suspensions.The rheological characteristics of wire drawing prescription is easy to regulate, so that output macrofiber rather than staple fibre for example use the wire drawing agent that resembles the organic polymer sample, perhaps changes the concentration that forms fibre fractionation in prescription.
Nominally fiber-reinforced material can be to contain that be arranged in rows basically and horizontal adherent sheet or bed course the successive fiber, some fibre tangles as a result.The fiber that is not arranged in rows on a small quantity in product is favourable to the product lateral stability, can make it better use.Better products has to a certain degree laterally bonding, so that under the product regular service condition, bears fiber and separates significantly.Best, the horizontal bonding product that makes of product has at least 25, the tensile strength of 000pa on the general direction of embarking on journey perpendicular to fibre array.The transverse strength of product depends on the size of Fibre diameter, because entanglement is to a certain degree arranged, robust fibre will produce a transverse strength bigger than fine-fibered, and in fact robust fibre tangles than fine-fibered and lacks, so that in fact robust fibre causes transverse strength low in product.
The typical product of this type is several millimeters of thickness, for example 2-5 millimeter, wide several centimetres, long 1 meter or longer sheet or bed course obtain to such an extent that And is parallel to winding drum axle cut-out collection fiber (length of this print or bed course and width are by the size decision of winding drum) by collect fiber at winding drum.The other products form, for example yarn, rove, band and bar can obtain from the product that winding drum is collected, or use a kind of suitable fiber collecting technology directly to obtain.Under the situation of collecting product on the winding drum, product can cut off on the general direction that fibre array is embarked on journey, and so that the band or the bar that can pull down from winding drum to be provided, can change resultant yarn or rove if desired.The fiber product of yarn, rove, band or strips can use suitable textile technology to be transformed into textile product.
Can adopt any metal as body material, its temperature of fusion is about below 1200 ℃.But the advantage that the present invention is special is to improve the character of light metal, so that they can be used for replacing heavy metal, the reinforcement of light metal The present invention be more particularly directed to.Suitable light metal example is that aluminium, magnesium and titanium reach to contain the alloy of specified metal as these metals of main component, for example represents greater than 80% or 90% by weight alloy.
As mentioned above, fiber may be a porous, and low or imperforate low density material or high density material depend on the thermal treatment that fiber is subjected to.Because fiber can constitute the 50%(volume of MMC) or higher, and the density of fiber can influence the density of MMC significantly.Like this, the magnesium alloy of about 1.9 grams per milliliters of density for example, with 50% percent by volume, density is the MMC that the fiber strengthening of 3.3 grams per milliliters will constitute about 2.6 grams per milliliters of density, and is promptly finer and close than alloy itself; On the contrary, the aluminium alloy of density 2.8 grams per milliliters, with 50% percent by volume, density is the fiber strengthening of 2.1 grams per milliliters, and is with constituting the MMC that density is 2.45 grams per milliliters, promptly low than the density of alloy own.
Like this, the present invention can make a kind of MMCs of the density that is predetermined in very wide scope.The typical density of aluminium and magnesium and alloy thereof is in 1.7 to 2.8 grams per milliliter scopes, because the density of fiber can change from about 1.75 to 3.3 grams per milliliters, so can be easy to prepare the MMCs of density 1.9 to about 3.0 grams per milliliters.A kind of special light metal or alloy are best features of the present invention with a kind of special light fiber strengthening, particularly density is lower than the magnesium or the magnesium alloy of 2.0 grams per milliliters, the fiber (particularly sapphire whisker) that is lower than about 2.0 grams per milliliters with density is strengthened, and constitutes the MMC that a density is lower than 2.0 grams per milliliters.
If desired, the surface of fiber can be improved, to improve metal matrix material to the wetting property of fiber and the characteristic of other fiber.For example, fiber surface can add alterant by fiber coat or in fiber to be improved, bonding to improve between its chemical resistance or control surface, thus control performance, for example fracture toughness property.On the other hand, metal matrix material can be improved by addition element wherein, and the element of adding improves inorganic oxide fibres by the wetting property of body material, for example adds tin, cadmium, antimony, barium, bismuth, calcium, strontium or indium.
In order to make MMCs of the present invention, no matter use staple fibre or macrofiber, be preferably and use a kind of prefabrication/liquid metal dipping technique, at first be incorporated in the prefabrication with this technology fiber, here, fiber is glue bound together, and a kind of inorganic adhesive, for example silicon-dioxide are formed or contained to tackiness agent by a kind of inorganic adhesive usually.This tackiness agent can be temporary transient, and the molten metal of promptly available dipping prefabrication replaces.Addition element is possible in tackiness agent, when the dipping prefabrication, improves fiber like this by the wetting property of body material.
Yet, be preferably the prefabrication that adopts fiber and tackiness agent, particularly inorganic adhesive to be bonded together, so that with liquid metal dipping prefabrication the time, about bundle fiber moves, it is possible adopting the molectron of fiber, like this, move by means of the about bundle fiber of the method except that inorganic adhesive.A kind of method of making this molectron is that fiber is packed in a pipe or the mould.With pack into the method that makes things convenient for of pipe or mould of staple fibre is all to use organic binder bond to form prefabrication, and prefabrication is placed in pipe or the mould, burns organic binder bond then, stays close packing but adherent fiber not in pipe.Be arranged in rows by using extrusion technique production prefabrication can reach staple fibre.The length that is arranged in rows, nominally can directly packing into, successive or successive fiber have in the mould of moving portion, the fiber that is closed on the mould is compressed to the percent by volume that needs.
In prefabrication/dipping technique preferably, molten metal can be pressed in the prefabrication or under vacuum under pressure and can suck in the prefabrication.Once observed and use pressurization or vacuum, and eliminated fiber and taken place by any problem that body material soaks into to promote flooding prefabrication with the liquid metal base material.The metal impregnation prefabrication can the prefabrication thickness direction or with the Hou degree Fang of prefabrication Xiang And at an angle along fiber, best 90 ° are carried out.The fiber that is arranged in rows in prefabrication is usually at the planar orientation perpendicular to the prefabrication thickness direction.At thickness direction, i.e. across-the-grain, metal impregnation are gone into prefabrication may cause that the compression ， And of the separation of fiber and/or prefabrication is reduced in the reinforcement performance among the MMC; Along staple length, the direction of embarking on journey in fibre array/being orientated, metal impregnation is gone into the tendency of prefabrication reduction fiber separation and/or the tendency ， And of prefabrication compression can cause improving the reinforcement of fiber to metal.
Molten metal dipping prefabrication can be under oxygen containing atmosphere under the situation of aluminum or aluminum alloy, and promptly ambient air is realized down, but when using certain metal matrix material, for example when magnesium and magnesium alloy, preferably removes oxygen the gas above molten metal.Molten magnesium or its alloy when it is impregnated into prefabrication, typically under rare gas element, for example contains in carbonic acid gas under the gas of a small amount of (promptly 2%) sulfur hexafluoride and carry out, to avoid the oxidation of (fusion) metal.
The another kind of method of making MMCs, when the use weak point, particularly useful when not being arranged in rows fiber, this method is the mixture of extrusion fiber and metal matrix material.If desired, fiber can be suspended in the molten metal, and by mould extruding suspended substance, still, fiber mixes with powdery metal in room temperature usually, at high temperature, and 300-350 ℃ of extruding mixture for example.Mixture and/or overflow mould can give heat.Be preferably wet-mixed fiber and metal-powder, the liquid that particularly adds q.s just in the mixture to soak fiber, so that prevent that when mixing " balling-up ", And guarantees to give mixture shearing action rather than tumbling action.Mix the back and before extruding mixture, preferably remove liquid, this can realize by degasification under vacuum, if perhaps liquid is volatile, can pass through simply to evaporate from mixture.The liquid of any moistening fiber and powder can use, and for this reason, is preferably the use on-aqueous liquid.Suitable liquid is industrial methanol alcohol and Virahol.
For making MMCs in a kind of extrusion technique of change, the fiber that is extruded and the mixture of matrix metal be a kind of itself be the bar of MMC form; Like this, push a kind of MMC and produce another kind of MMC.Can be arranged in rows or the extrude bar of arbitrary orientation can for example make by hot pressing fiber/powder mixture or by liquid metal impregnation of fibers bundle or prefabrication by any suitable technology at fiber (at least under the situation at staple fibre).Bar itself can be produced by extrusion technique or by the prefabrication that the liquid metal dipping is made by extrusion technique.
The prefabrication of preparation molten metal matrix material soaking can realize by various technology, for example comprises pultrusion process, fiber yarn winding shaping, casting, mold pressing, injection or dipping and use extrusion molding under the staple fibre situation.These technology are known by people in fiber-reinforced resin composite material production, and And is appreciated that and uses mobile tackiness agent or binder suspension to replace resin of the prior art will produce a kind of prefabrication.For other technology of producing prefabrication comprises hand lay-up technology and powder pressing technology.In the hand lay-up technology, thin filamentary material sample, promptly the textile materials sample floods with binder suspension and many wet layers, and impregnated sample makes up by hand, and the compacting molectron is produced integral prefabricated product in mould then.In the powder pressing technology,, for example, under the temperature that is enough to the melting powder tackiness agent, in mould, suppress molectron then, to form integral prefabricated product by hand lay-up with the binder combination of fibrous material layer and powder type.The better method of the fibre preforms product that are arranged in rows by the staple fibre manufacturing is to use extrusion technique.
The tackiness agent that is used for forming prefabrication can be a kind of inorganic adhesive or a kind of organic binder bond or their mixture.Any inorganic or organic binder bond can use, and their (when dryings) are bonded together fiber and make prefabrication can not have the degree of the processing of damaging.The example of suitable inorganic adhesive has silicon-dioxide, aluminum oxide, zirconium white and magnesium oxide and their mixture.The example of suitable organic binder bond has carbohydrate, protein, natural gum, latex material and polymers soln or suspension.
The amount of tackiness agent can change in a wide scope, about 50% up to the weight of the fiber in prefabrication, but be typically in 10% to 30% scope of fibre weight.According to the method for guiding, suitable mixed adhesive contains from 1-20%, for example about 5%(weight) a kind of inorganic adhesive, silicon-dioxide for example, from 1 to 10%, for example 5%(weight) a kind of organic binder bond, starch for example.Under the situation that tackiness agent is used with the form that suspends, be preferably a kind of aqueous liquid carriers in liquid vehicle.
As mentioned above, MMCs of the present invention can make by the dipping prefabrication or by extruding.On the other hand, other technology of any described manufacturing prefabrication replaces the mixture of tackiness agent or tackiness agent can be suitable for making MMCs by direct employing metal matrix material.Other technology of making MMCs comprise chemical coating, gas deposition, plasma spraying, electrochemistry plating, diffusion bonding, hot rolling, etc. static pressure, explosive welding and rotary casting.
When making MMCs, carefulness to prevent from MMC, to produce pore.Usually, the void content among the MMC will be lower than 10%, is lower than 5% preferably; Ideal MMC does not have pore fully.When producing MMC, utilizing the MMC heating and adding high pressure is enough to guarantee do not have pore in the MMC structure usually.
MMCs of the present invention can be used in the purposes of any use fibre-strengthened metal, for example in prime mover industry and shock proof purposes.If desired, MMC can with other MMCs or other substrate, for example tinsel lamination.
The present invention is illustrated by following Example, relates to extrusion technique unless indicate in example, and the fiber-reinforced material manufacture method is as follows:
Preparation gel wire-drawing solution
0.1 gram thiocarbamide is dissolved in the industrial aluminum chlorohydrate solution of 600 grams (LocronL obtains from HoechstAG).Use the propeller mixer stirred solution, add 6.5 gram polyethylene oxides (Union Carbide Polyox WSR-N-750); Polymkeric substance all dissolvings in 2 hours.Be approximately 1 pool at this stage soltion viscosity.Then 160 gram Wickenol CPS 325 powder (Hoechst Locron P) are added in the solution; Further stir powder dissolution after 2 hours.Add 35 gram siloxane surface activators then, DOWDC 193.By ring glass fabric filter (Whatman 6FB) filtering solution, the nominal value that strainer is suitable for is between 1 and 1.5 micron.
Measure with a low-shearing power Ubbelhode capillary viscosimeter, soltion viscosity is 18 pools.
The formation of fiber
Press solution is by a round hole, all is slit in any one side of hole, focuses on the extrudate of discharge by slit guiding air.Air velocity 60 meter per seconds, 25 ℃ of temperature, damping is to 85% relative humidity.Then, the exsiccant airflow of heat, 60 ℃ of temperature flow to the moist airflow outside.The long common flowing air stream of (nominally successive) gelled fibre And quilt of formation is sent the concentrate tube on the base to, be coated with on the runner of thin Carborundum Sha Zhi And with the garden roll surface speed rotation of 12 meter per seconds at one, be subjected to mixture and impact with the gas velocity of speed 14 meter per seconds.Basically the fibre thin layer that is arranged in rows accumulates on the runner.
After 30 minutes, from the base taking-up runner of concentrate tube, shut down, the axle that is parallel to runner cuts off a fiber ， And who is arranged in rows and takes off from runner.In this stage, gelled fibre contains 43%(weight) refractory material, this refractory material contains 4.1%(weight) silicon-dioxide.The intermediate diameters of gelled fibre is 5 microns.
Under the wire drawing situation, be in 150 ℃ the loft drier dry 30 minutes with the gelled fibre thin layer in temperature, forward to then in second loft drier with 300 ℃, 1 atmospheric steam blowing-outs of temperature at once.Improve and to be blown into vapor temperature to 600 ℃, kept 45 minutes, then usefulness air blowing-out loft drier is brought up to 900 ℃ to temperature then gradually, keeps 45 minutes.In this stage, fiber be white and porous.Main crystallization phases is η-aluminum oxide, void content 40%(volume), 140 meters of surface areas
2/ gram.The intermediate diameters of fiber is 3.6 microns.
Then, in air, temperature is 1300 ℃ of heating 15 minutes, the infusibility fiber that the diameter that acquisition is of moderate size is 3 microns specified fiber product.Main aluminum oxide is δ-aluminum oxide mutually in fiber, it with microcrystalline form with 3%(weight) Alpha-alumina together.The fiber void content is 10%.
Example 1
The garden shape prefabrication for preparing 15 millimeters of 100 millimeters of diameters and thickness by the hand lay-up technology by polycrystal alumina.
By what be arranged in rows basically, nominally successive, polycrystalline cuts out circular specimen (100 millimeters of diameters) at the sapphire whisker thin slice or the bed course of 1300 ℃ of roastings.The density tensile strength and the modulus of this fiber are respectively 3.3 grams per milliliters, 2,000MPa and 300Gpa.The transverse strength of this bed course is 42,500N/m
2
With a kind of aqueous silicon dioxide colloidal sol spray fiber bed course sample, the amount of used colloidal sol can provide the silicon-dioxide (dry weight) of about 5% fibre weight.After silicon-dioxide uses, be " Percol " retention aid spraying sample with aqueous starch solution and a kind of trade name immediately, its consumption is that the starch of 5% fibre weight and " Percol " (dry weight) of 2% fibre weight can be provided.Starch/" Percol " solution silicon dioxde solution that can be used to flocculate is retained on the fiber silicon-dioxide to fiber Shang And.
The garden shape sample of impregnation of fibers is placed in the cylindricality mould of garden by hand,, molectron is compressed to corresponding to the predetermined density of being scheduled to fraction volume of fiber so which floor fiber is arranged in rows with equidirectional.In air, temperature is about 110 ℃, and about 4 hours of dry molectron then 1200 ℃ of roastings 20 minutes, makes molectron Gu Jie And burn any organic materials.Use this technology, producd fibers volume number is 0.2 and 0.5 prefabrication, they is called " prefabrication A " and " prefabrication B ".
Be respectively two kinds of other prefabrications of 0.2 and 0.5 nominally prepare the corpus fibrosum product by the successive that is arranged in rows basically at the bed course of the polycrystalline alumina fiber of 900 ℃ of temperature roastings, be called " prefabrication C " and " prefabrication D " with above-mentioned technology.The density of fiber, intensity and modulus are respectively 2.1 grams per milliliters, 2100Mpa and 210Gpa.This bed course transverse strength is 35,000N/m
2When making prefabrication C and D, the maturing temperature of fibre assemblies is 900 ℃ rather than 1200 ℃.
Make MMCs by prefabrication, method is as follows.Prefabrication A and B being put into separately be preheating to 500 ℃ mould, is temperature that 840 ℃ molten metal waters on the prefabrication.840 ℃ of preheatings, molten metal is watered on the prefabrication in each comfortable mould of prefabrication C and D at 840 ℃.This metal is the aluminium alloy of a kind of Al6061 of being called, and composition percentage ratio roughly is 97.95Al, 1.0Mg, 0.6Si, 0.25Cu, 0.25Cr.
Applying under the 30Mpa pressure, molten metal is pressed into prefabrication, 1 minute hold-time with water pressure engine.(MMC) Tuo Mo And carries out T with the bar of output
0Handle (520 ℃ of solution treatment in 8 hours, 220 ℃ of 24 hours precipitation process).The tempering bar Leng of output is but arrived Shi Wen And measure its character.The result lists following table 1 in.
Example 2
4 prefabrications are expressed as " prefabrication A-D ", prepare according to method described in the example 1.
Make MMCs by example 1 described extrusion impregnating technology by prefabrication, but be to use a kind of magnesium alloy, Mg-ZE63 composition percentage composition roughly is 90Mg, 5.8Zn, 2.5 rare earth metals and 0.7Zr, and without aluminium alloy.At 2%SF
6With molten magnesium alloy, in carbonic acid gas, temperature is watered (prefabrication A and B are 500 ℃ of preheatings, and prefabrication C and D are 800 ℃ of preheatings) on the prefabrication at 800 ℃ under the thin layer, under 30Mpa pressure, and extruding prefabrication 1 minute.
The MMC demoulding of output, cooling is surveyed its results of property and is listed table 2 in.
Example 3 and 4
Will be by sapphire whisker thin layer (this thin layer thermal treatment in steam of 3 microns of the mean diameters that is arranged in rows basically, then 950 ℃ of heating) which floor the about 5-7 of length centimetre fibrous bundle Cheng Chong And making applies into this fibrous bundle in the Lower Half of the mould that comprises two and half garden members (when mould when airtight, member forms one diameter 1-1.5 centimetre Cylinder).Airtight mould is with conpressed fibers, and the two halves of mould move to reduce uneven pressure and dead band.Mould is an opening, and the path that leads to the compressing fibre bundle end is provided thus.The volume number of the intrafascicular fiber of conpressed fibers is a 0.57(example 3).
Mould is rotated 90 °, so that fibrous bundle is vertical, its lower end Bei Mi Bi And links an Edwards5 single-stage vacuum pump.With a funnel, the top that the methyl-methacrylate resin (ModarS35) of liquid is watered mould, when the bottom of mould reaches vacuum, in the resin inspiration mould with the impregnation of fibers bundle.Abolish vacuum, resin was self-vulcanizing 2 hours.Open mould then, take out fibre preforms Pin ， And precision work on lathe of adhesion resin.
The prefabrication that processes is installed in the Low Carbon Steel Pipe, be heated to about 700 ℃ then and burn resin, the fiber that is arranged in rows is dispersed in the pipe.Then pipe is placed in extruding-impregnator, floods with molten aluminium alloy (6061) at 600 ℃, the approximate composition of aluminium alloy is Al97.95%: Mg1%: Si0.6%: Cr0.25%: Cu0.25%.Make the pipe cooling then; Matrix material is timeliness not.
(example 4) prepares bar-shaped metal-base composites as stated above in another experiment, and just the volume fraction of sapphire whisker is 0.56 rather than 0.57.
The modulus of metal-base composites is:
Example 3 modulus 160Gpa
Example 4 modulus 154Gpa
Example 5
Prepare bar-shaped metal-base composites by example 3 described methods, just the volume fraction of sapphire whisker is 0.45, and fiber is obtained by thin layer, and thin layer is heated 1300 ℃ of temperature rather than 950 ℃ in air.
The modulus of matrix material is 151Gpa.
Example 6-15
Prepare bar-shaped metal-base composites according to example 3 described methods, its contained fiber volume fraction is listed as follows with the character of matrix material together:
Example 14 and 15(Mg yl) density of matrix material is lower than 2.0 grams per milliliters.In all examples, the intensity of matrix material and modulus are predicted by the respective performances of fiber and matrix metal.
Example 16-18
These example explanation metal-base composites are prepared by sapphire whisker and a kind of alloy (Lital) of 3 microns of the mean diameters of cutting off, and alloy percentage composite roughly is: Al95.55: Li2.5: Mg0.6: Zr0.12.
The sapphire whisker of the cut-out of 64 microns of nominal lengths is mixed in Kenwood material mixing device with pulverous alloy in room temperature.Virahol is joined in the mixture, and the amount that adds Virahol just has been enough to prevent mixture " balling-up ", and like this, guarantee effect is shearing action rather than rolling effect in mixture.Virahol is evaporated, in the aluminium alloy " jar " that 7 centimetres of the diameters of packing into then, long 22.5 centimetres and wall thickness are 10 millimeters from mixture.Lid is covered on " jar ", then 300 ℃ of heating 1.25 hours.Push " jar " at 350 ℃ by a preheating garden shape mould then, 120 ° of taper rings of garden mould assembling, it is 10: 1 that extrusion ratio is provided.
Make three extrusion metal base composite materials (example 16,17 and 18) with this method, the volume fraction of salic fiber is respectively 0.12,0.2 and 0.2.(example 18) extrusion ratio is 7: 1 rather than 10: 1 in the 3rd experiment.
In each example, the modulus of metal-base composites that is not subjected to solution treatment afterwards is less times greater than 100Gpa, is indicated as about 200Gpa from the silk of sapphire whisker.At least 95% sapphire whisker is arranged in rows within 5 ° of the matrix material directions of extrusion in each matrix material.
Example 19
Make the method described in the use-case 16, preparation contains being arranged in rows of a percent by volume, a kind of metal-base composites of the Zirconium oxide fibre of the stabilized with yttrium oxide of cut-out and titanium metal fine powder.This oxidation-free metal thing evidence of corrosion ， And and not embrittlement.
Example 20-22
These example explanation preparation adherent sapphire whisker prefabrications, prefabrication contains the fiber ， And that is arranged in rows basically and is applicable to that for example the method described in the example 14 is made metal-base composites.
Under extruding unit room and vacuum, preparing of fiber and tackiness agent in conjunction with as described below.Approximately all the sapphire whisker that cuts off half (3 microns of " Saffil " RF level-mean diameters, 160 microns of nominal cutting lengths) mixes with pulverous polyvinyl alcohol, adds the water of a silicon dioxide gel and an about both half-selected volume then, and And mixes.Silicon dioxide gel is from 1030 of Nalfloc company limited, and it contains 30%(weight) silicon-dioxide.Add cellulose pulp (example 21 and 22) then, then add the sapphire whisker of remainder water and last remaining cut-out.About 60 minutes of whole mixing time is with the uniform binding substances of preparation viscosity.
Vacuum in the mixing section is reduced to 720 mmhg, by the binding substances of a garden shape mould extrusion fiber and tackiness agent.In the extrudate of 600 ℃ of roasting outputs to burn polyvinyl alcohol.
The prescription of preparation prefabrication is as follows:
Example 20 parts by weight
The sapphire whisker 100 that cuts off
Polyvinyl alcohol 10
Silicon dioxide gel 10
Water 25
After the roasting, the density of prefabrication is 1.6 grams per milliliters, and the volume fraction of fiber is 0.48.
Example 21 parts by weight
The sapphire whisker 100 that cuts off
Polyvinyl alcohol 20
Silicon dioxide gel 19
Cellulose pulp 40
Water 115
After the roasting, the density of prefabrication is 0.55 grams per milliliter, and the volume number of sapphire whisker is 0.17.
Example 22 parts by weight
The sapphire whisker 100 that cuts off
Polyvinyl alcohol 20
Cellulose pulp 25
Silicon dioxide gel 17
Water 53
After the roasting, the density of prefabrication is 1.0 grams per milliliters, and the volume fraction of sapphire whisker is 0.3.
Example 23
Cut out the garden shape sample of 100 millimeters of diameters by the bed course of the sapphire whisker that is arranged in rows, And makes up in a garden shape vacuum-dipping mould (100 millimeters of diameters), and fiber is arranged in rows with identical general direction in all layers.The thickness of fibre assemblies is up to the level that is compressed to 15 millimeters thickness, with the prefabrication of output density 1.2 grams per milliliters.Then with containing 30%(weight) the diluting soln dipping molectron of the silicon dioxide gel (1030W silicon dioxide gel) of silicon-dioxide, to reach 5%(weight) silicon-dioxide (according to fibre weight).By at first making 2.5% starch solution, next make 0.5% flocculation agent (Percol292) solution by molectron with precipitation of silica to fiber.With certain pressure molectron is compressed to 15 mm thick then, obtains the prefabrication of bonding silicon-dioxide in about 110 ℃ of dryings one night.
A rectangular specimen that is cut out by prefabrication is packed in the rectangular box of an opening, be heated to 750 ℃ and burn any organic materials.The prefabrication (at 750 ℃) of vanning is put into and is preheating to 300 ℃ mold, be preheating to the pressure that 350 ℃ beater parts apply 30Mpa, extruding-dipping 820 ℃ of uses with a kind of aluminium alloy (LM10 that contains 10% magnesium).With the MMC demoulding of output, remove remaining aluminium by mechanical workout.(vanning) MMC is cut into rectangular bar, measures its tensile strength and modulus.
For relatively, as stated above by arbitrary orientation, short (up to 5 centimetres), the sapphire whisker bed course that mean diameter is 3 microns makes a kind of MMC.For fear of damaged fiber when compressing, the percent by volume to 20% of restriction fiber.
Product ultimate tensile strength modulus
（Mpa） （Gpa）
Non-enhanced LM10 190 70
The MMC 442 128 of invention
MMC 270 94 relatively
Example 24
Make use-case 16 described extrusion techniques, make MMC by the sapphire whisker and the powdered aluminum alloy (atomizing 6061) that cut off.The percent by volume of fiber is that 20% And makes MMC be subjected to T6 thermal treatment.
For relatively, make a kind of MMC that contains 20% fraction volume of fiber with the sapphire whisker of hot pressing cut-out and the mixture of Powdered alloy (atomizing 6061).Fiber arbitrary orientation in MMC makes MMC be subjected to T6 thermal treatment.
Product ultimate tensile strength modulus
（Mpa） （Gpa）
Non-enhanced LM10 310 70
The MMC 488＞100 of invention
MMC 370 92 relatively
Claims (25)
1, a kind of metal-base composites is characterized in that containing mean diameter and is lower than 10 microns, is embedded in the inorganic oxide fibres that is arranged in rows basically in the metal matrix material.
2, desired a kind of matrix material in the claim 1 is characterized in that at least 90% inorganic oxide fibres is parallel basically on the roughly direction that fibre array is embarked on journey.
3, desired a kind of matrix material in claim 1 or the claim 2 is characterized in that the mean diameter of inorganic oxide fibres is lower than 5 microns.
4, desired a kind of matrix material in the claim 1,2 or 3 is the successive fiber nominally it is characterized in that inorganic oxide fibres.
5, each desired a kind of matrix material during aforesaid right requires is characterized in that the percent by volume from 10% to 60% of fiber.
6, each desired a kind of matrix material during aforesaid right requires is characterized in that inorganic oxide fibres is a sapphire whisker.
7, the desired a kind of matrix material of claim 6 is characterized in that volume density from 1.75 to 3.3 grams per milliliters of fiber.
8, the desired a kind of matrix material of claim 6 or claim 7, it is characterized in that fibre tensile strength greater than 1500Mpa and modulus greater than 150Gpa.
9, each the desired a kind of matrix material during aforesaid right requires is characterized in that matrix metal is a kind of alloy of aluminium or aluminium.
10, the desired a kind of matrix material of each of claim 1 to 8 is characterized in that matrix metal is a kind of alloy of magnesium or magnesium.
11, the desired a kind of matrix material of claim 10 is characterized in that containing the matrix metal of density less than 2 grams per milliliters, wherein is embedded with volume density 2 grams per milliliters or littler sapphire whisker, and this matrix material volume density is less than 2 grams per milliliters.
12, each the desired a kind of matrix material during aforesaid right requires is characterized in that flooding a kind of inorganic oxide fibres prefabrication with a kind of liquid metal body material prepares.
13, each desired a kind of matrix material in the claim 1 to 11 is characterized in that being prepared by the mixture of extruding inorganic oxide fibres and metal matrix material.
14, a kind of prefabrication is characterized in that containing with tackiness agent and is bonded together, and mean diameter is lower than 10 microns the inorganic oxide fibres that is arranged in rows basically.
15, the desired a kind of prefabrication of claim 14 is characterized in that tackiness agent is a kind of inorganic adhesive.
16, the desired a kind of prefabrication of claim 14 or claim 15 is characterized in that the percent by volume from 10% to 60% of fiber.
17, claim 14,15 or 16 desired a kind of prefabrications, the amount that it is characterized in that tackiness agent in prefabrication fibre weight 50%.
18, each desired a kind of prefabrication in the claim 14 to 17 is characterized in that the mean diameter of fiber is lower than 5 microns.
19, a kind of manufacture method of the desired metal-base composites of claim 1 is characterized in that comprising forming prefabrication that inorganic oxide fibres is bonded together with tackiness agent and flooding prefabrication with a kind of liquid metal body material.
20, the desired a kind of method of claim 19 is characterized in that metal-base composites is prepared by this prefabrication of extruding-dipping.
21, the desired a kind of method of claim 19 or claim 20 is characterized in that prefabrication contains organic binder bond, and the mixture by a mould extrusion fiber and this organic binder bond prepares.
22, the desired a kind of method of claim 21, the mixture that it is characterized in that fiber and organic binder bond is included in the fibrous suspension in organic binder bond solution or the dispersion.
23, a kind of manufacture method of the desired metal-base composites of claim 1 is characterized in that comprising the mixture by a mould extruding inorganic oxide fibres and a kind of powdery metal body material.
24, the desired a kind of method of claim 23 is characterized in that the mixture of fiber and powdery metal sill comprises fiber and the suspension of powder in a kind of liquid vehicle.
25, the desired a kind of method of claim 24 is characterized in that liquid vehicle is a kind of water-bearing media.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB85.15766 | 1985-06-21 | ||
| GB8515766 | 1985-06-21 |
Publications (1)
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|---|---|
| CN86104818A true CN86104818A (en) | 1987-04-29 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN198686104818A Pending CN86104818A (en) | 1985-06-21 | 1986-06-21 | Fibre-reinforced metal matrix composites |
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|---|---|
| US (1) | US5002836A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0206647B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS61295345A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR870000117A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN86104818A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU592094B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1302738C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3686209T2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK291486A (en) |
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| NZ (1) | NZ216581A (en) |
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| JPS5950149A (en) * | 1982-09-14 | 1984-03-23 | Toyota Motor Corp | Fiber-reinforced metallic composite material |
| JPS5967337A (en) * | 1982-10-08 | 1984-04-17 | Toyota Motor Corp | Method for working composite material in half melted state |
| GB8301320D0 (en) * | 1983-01-18 | 1983-02-16 | Ae Plc | Reinforcement of articles of cast metal |
| DE3344687A1 (en) * | 1983-12-10 | 1984-10-18 | Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart | Piston of magnesium or a magnesium alloy for internal combustion engines |
| JPS60215815A (en) * | 1984-04-10 | 1985-10-29 | Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd | Production of inorganic fiber |
| KR920008955B1 (en) * | 1984-10-25 | 1992-10-12 | 도요다 지도오샤 가부시끼가이샤 | Composite material reinforced with alumina-silica fibers including mullite crystalline form |
| JPH0696188B2 (en) * | 1985-01-21 | 1994-11-30 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Fiber reinforced metal composite material |
| JPS61201744A (en) * | 1985-03-01 | 1986-09-06 | Toyota Motor Corp | Metallic composite material reinforced with alumina-silica fiber and mineral fiber |
| JPS61253334A (en) * | 1985-03-01 | 1986-11-11 | Toyota Motor Corp | Alumina fiber-and mineral fiber-reinforced metallic composite material |
| GB8626226D0 (en) * | 1985-11-14 | 1986-12-03 | Ici Plc | Metal matrix composites |
-
1986
- 1986-06-11 EP EP86304478A patent/EP0206647B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-06-11 DE DE8686304478T patent/DE3686209T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1986-06-11 GB GB868614224A patent/GB8614224D0/en active Pending
- 1986-06-18 NZ NZ216581A patent/NZ216581A/en unknown
- 1986-06-18 AU AU58820/86A patent/AU592094B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1986-06-20 DK DK291486A patent/DK291486A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1986-06-20 NO NO862483A patent/NO168059C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-06-21 KR KR1019860004975A patent/KR870000117A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-06-21 CN CN198686104818A patent/CN86104818A/en active Pending
- 1986-06-21 JP JP61144028A patent/JPS61295345A/en active Pending
- 1986-06-23 CA CA000512196A patent/CA1302738C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1989
- 1989-11-14 US US07/435,722 patent/US5002836A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103210111A (en) * | 2009-12-16 | 2013-07-17 | 斯奈克玛 | Method for manufacturing a straight insert made of metal matrix composite material |
| CN103210111B (en) * | 2009-12-16 | 2016-03-02 | 斯奈克玛 | The method of the straight inserts of metal-base composites manufacture |
| CN105177472A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-12-23 | 安徽越天特种车桥有限公司 | Reinforced composite aluminum alloy automobile part mixed with alumina fibers and casting technology of reinforced composite aluminum alloy automobile part |
| CN107921539A (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2018-04-17 | 赛峰航空器发动机 | Method for manufacturing the component being made of composite material |
| CN105132771A (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2015-12-09 | 苏州法斯特信息科技有限公司 | Foamed magnesium/ceramic composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106480383A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-08 | 无锡市永兴金属软管有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the effective magnesium alloy materials of wavy metal |
| CN107803626A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-03-16 | 浙江跃进机械有限公司 | A kind of manufacture method of Stainless-steel fibre aluminum connecting rod |
| CN110039751A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-07-23 | 滁州益佳模具设备制造有限公司 | A kind of potent cracking resistance aluminium alloy plastics suction mould and preparation method thereof |
| CN112111665A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-12-22 | 丽水正阳电力建设有限公司 | Method for preparing carbon modified aluminum alloy composite material by vacuum pressure infiltration method |
| CN116141774A (en) * | 2023-02-16 | 2023-05-23 | 江苏礼德铝业有限公司 | Aluminum plate with ceramic fibers and manufacturing method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US5002836A (en) | 1991-03-26 |
| AU592094B2 (en) | 1990-01-04 |
| NZ216581A (en) | 1989-08-29 |
| KR870000117A (en) | 1987-02-16 |
| NO168059C (en) | 1992-01-08 |
| DK291486D0 (en) | 1986-06-20 |
| EP0206647B1 (en) | 1992-07-29 |
| NO168059B (en) | 1991-09-30 |
| GB8614224D0 (en) | 1986-07-16 |
| EP0206647A3 (en) | 1988-01-13 |
| DK291486A (en) | 1986-12-22 |
| DE3686209D1 (en) | 1992-09-03 |
| NO862483L (en) | 1986-12-22 |
| DE3686209T2 (en) | 1993-02-25 |
| EP0206647A2 (en) | 1986-12-30 |
| AU5882086A (en) | 1986-12-24 |
| JPS61295345A (en) | 1986-12-26 |
| CA1302738C (en) | 1992-06-09 |
| NO862483D0 (en) | 1986-06-20 |
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