CN85109022A - The manufacture method of casting mold - Google Patents

The manufacture method of casting mold Download PDF

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Publication number
CN85109022A
CN85109022A CN85109022.2A CN85109022A CN85109022A CN 85109022 A CN85109022 A CN 85109022A CN 85109022 A CN85109022 A CN 85109022A CN 85109022 A CN85109022 A CN 85109022A
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China
Prior art keywords
casting mold
water
sand
die cavity
molding sand
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CN85109022.2A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN1017602B (en
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佐藤宽一
濑户山干雄
田中俊夫
木口昭二
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Komatsu Ltd
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Komatsu Ltd
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Publication of CN85109022A publication Critical patent/CN85109022A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/22Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C1/00Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
    • B22C1/16Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents
    • B22C1/20Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of organic agents
    • B22C1/22Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of organic agents of resins or rosins

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
  • Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of in the metal casting process manufacture method of used casting mold, its manufacture process is, at first heating and the dry molding sand of forming by fire sand and water-soluble binder, and will the above-mentioned molding sand under the condition of drying be filled in the die cavity in the pattern and go, during sand filling process, on mo(U)ld face to be made, to keep certain moisture, heat then, thereby mainly make the surface cure of casting mold with the molding sand whole pattern of all populated die cavity.

Description

The manufacture method of casting mold
The invention relates in the casting process of metal by using steps such as heating, oven dry and curing to make the method for casting mold, particularly about a kind of improvement of casting mold manufacture method, its casting mold is in order to the below manufactured: at first use the molding sand that is mixed by water-soluble binder and fire sand to come the filling pattern, solidify molding sand by casting mold being put into heat in the micro-wave oven then, thereby just can obtain one deck hardened layer at the outer surface of casting mold.
In the casting process of metal, adopted the method that casting mold is put into the manufacturing casting mold of this operation of micro-wave oven internal heating curing molding sand.For example (by people such as Yamanashi) and Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No are in the patent documentation such as 58-187232 in No. 4518031 patent documentations of the U.S., and be just open.
The method of these well-known manufacturing casting molds is to come moulding with the green-sand that such binding agent such as waterglass and fire-resistant sand facies mix, Jia Re And is dried casting mold to be solidified then, curing is finished by casting mold is put in the micro-wave oven, thereby has formed one deck hardened layer on the outer surface of this casting mold.
The technical method of this existing manufacturing casting mold has weak point, because forming the pattern of casting mold fills with green-sand, the flowability of molding sand in pattern is bad, therefore under the situation of manufacturing complex-shaped casting mold, be each place that is difficult to fully to fill pattern with this molding sand.
In addition, on the outer surface of casting mold, form one deck hardened layer in order to reach, also have a kind of with the method for method brushing on the casting mold outer surface that will be heating and curing of water-soluble mold wash by means of brush or injection, this method discloses in Japanese patent application publication No. is the patent of 55-29778 that (this assignee is KABUSHLKI, KAISHA, KOMATSU, SEISAKUSHO).Yet this method also is imperfect, in this method, coating is big inadequately for the cohesive force of casting mold, in the process of cast, casting mold often damages easily, and after casting complete, be not easy fragmentation, thereby make troubles for the repeated use of molding sand with the casting mold of crossing.
The present invention makes in order to overcome existing above-mentioned shortcoming in the art methods, and the objective of the invention is to provide a kind of method of making casting mold, make and to make molding sand in pattern, have good flowability in this way, even have at casting mold under the situation of complicated shape, can guarantee that also pattern can be good with the molding sand complete filling.
Another object of the present invention is that a kind of method of making casting mold will be provided, in this method, because casting mold is to begin little by little to be heated curing from its outer surface under the effect of steam, and steam is inner and spread out of outside it via it from the outer surface of casting mold, cohesive force between the molding sand on its coating and the casting mold outer surface is extraordinary, and because the surface strength height of casting mold, and the internal intensity of casting mold is the end of than, like this, casting mold can not damage in casting process, and the easy fragmentation of this casting mold is opened after casting complete.
Achieve the above object, following several steps is arranged: at first heat and dry the molding sand of forming by fire sand and water-soluble binder according to the method for manufacturing casting mold provided by the present invention; Then, the molding sand that is used under the drying regime is filled the pattern formation die cavity that is placed in the sandbox, during sand filling process, make the outer surface of the casting mold of curing to be heated keep certain moisture; Heat then with the molding sand good whole sandbox of complete filling, the main like this outer surface that solidifies casting mold.
Further, the method for manufacturing casting mold provided by the present invention is characterized in that molding sand is the mixture of fire sand and water-soluble binder.
Again further, according to the method for manufacturing casting mold provided by the invention, it is characterized in that molding sand is made of fire sand, the surface of sand is coated with and hangs with water-soluble binder.
Further say, method according to manufacturing casting mold provided by the present invention, it is characterized in that pattern is before filling with molding sand, be coated with on the die cavity inner surface that hangs over pattern formation with water-soluble mold wash, with the formation coating, thereby on the outer surface of the casting mold that will be heating and curing, keep certain moisture.
Further say, according to the method for manufacturing casting mold provided by the present invention, it is characterized in that pattern before filling with molding sand, is coated with wet to the inner surface water of the die cavity of pattern formation, thereby formed the water membrane layer, the outer surface at the casting mold that will be heating and curing keeps certain moisture thus.
Say that further the method for manufacturing casting mold provided by the present invention is characterized in that whole sandbox puts into micro-wave oven and heat.
Above-mentioned and many other the advantages of the present invention, feature and the present invention's some other purpose, this will be clearly by reference following detailed description and accompanying drawing for the person skilled in the art.Accompanying drawing has provided the most preferred embodiment according to the principle of the invention.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are the embodiment schematic sectional view of expression according to casting mold manufacture method of the present invention.
Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 are expression another embodiment schematic sectional views according to casting mold manufacture method of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the testpieces side view that takes off on the casting mold of being made according to casting mold manufacture method of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the hardness test result curve figure that the testpieces of being given among Fig. 6 is made.
Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 be employed according to the manufacture method of casting mold of the present invention, have a schematic diagram of two kinds of different modes of production that solidifies the molding sand of this specific character by heating.
Figure 10 represents each compressive strength test result, it is to make on the test specimen that the molding sand that the molding sand mode of production represented by Fig. 8 Fig. 9 made is made by being heating and curing, and makes the result and compare with the be heating and curing test specimen made of the molding sand of producing by molding sand production system in the prior art.
Below with reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 first embodiment of the present invention is described.In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, cloudy pattern in two of sequence number 1 expression has one deck to resemble the such heat proof material of heat-resisting silicon rubber 2,3rd on its inner surface, supports the part of the metal flask of pattern 1.
The method that adds the pattern that overturns by cast, or water-soluble mold wash or water are coated on the pattern 1 by the method for spraying or by means of brush, form a coating 4 like this on the inner surface of die cavity 1a in pattern 1, after this molding sand of being made up of the fire sand and the water-soluble binder of drying 5 is filled in the pattern 1, and then the whole sandbox that has a pattern 1 that is filled up by molding sand is put into micro-wave oven 6 dries and solidify.Because molding sand 5 is dry, though like this in pattern 1 formed die cavity have the shape of complexity, molding sand also can fully populated such die cavity.In addition, putting into micro-wave oven between the period of heating, the moisture that is contained in the water-soluble coating 4 is heated and becomes steam 7, and steam then goes from the external world that the outer surface of casting mold is discharged to casting mold by casting mold inside.Meanwhile, in the molding sand of drying or coated the water-soluble binder on the molding sand of drying steam and heat effect under melted successively, thereby bonding and drying make casting mold begin to be cured gradually from its outer surface, the result obtains a kind of like this hardness and distributes from casting mold, promptly the inside from casting mold increases towards its its hardness of outer surface direction.
After baking operation was finished, pattern 1 was divided into two halves, therefrom took out complete casting mold.
Now the several examples to above-mentioned water-soluble mold wash and molding sand explain as follows:
Example 1
(1) water-soluble mold wash
Moulding material: 100 parts in (by weight) zircon powder (325# or thinner)
Water-soluble binder: 40 parts of the carbonyl methyl cellulose aqueous solution of the concentration of (by weight) 1%.
Waterglass: (by weight) 1 part
(2) molding sand: Fei Leite silica sand: (by weight) 100 parts
Waterglass: (by weight) 3 parts
Molding sand, promptly the mixture of Fei Leite silica sand (getting in that the blue expense thunder of Australian elder brother soil is elite) and waterglass needs to mix and stirred 5 minutes, blows maintenance hot blast Celsius 50 ℃ then, makes its drying.
With 50 millimeters of diameters, high 50 millimeters Cylinder die cavity is made the test pattern, above-mentioned water-soluble mold wash is poured in the die cavity, then it is turned, make it hang up coating, then the molding sand of aforementioned drying is inserted in the die cavity, again whole pattern is put into micro-wave oven heating one minute, make its curing and make the test casting mold, after tested, the compression strength of this casting mold is 47.3kg/Cm 2
Comparative Examples 1:
Insert in the same die cavity with same molding sand, do not hang any mold wash but be not coated with on die cavity, then it is put into micro-wave oven and heat, its casting mold does not solidify in this case, remains loose.
Example 2:
If the die cavity in pattern surface Shang water is within it brushed or is sprayed, and need not water-soluble mold wash, and then with above-mentioned molding sand filling, and put into micro-wave oven and heat, then molding sand can be solidified fully, and measured compression strength is 35.6kg/Cm 2
Describe second embodiment of the present invention below in detail, please refer to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.
With by weight 100 parts of fire sands be the Fei Leite silica sand and by weight 3 parts waterglass (as a kind of water-soluble binder) mix fully, mix after 5 minutes, heated 10 minutes with the hot blast that remains between 80 ℃ to 100 ℃, and make water evaporates, obtained a kind of molding sand of bone dry like this.The molding sand of Huo Deing just remains under such condition like this: promptly the molding sand surface is coated with and hangs with water-soluble binder, or molding sand is mixed with water-soluble binder.
Then water is injected in the inner surface of the die cavity 20a that institute's type becomes in the pattern shown in Figure 3 20 equably, fill die cavity 20a with molding sand 22 as shown in Figure 4 then, at this moment completely dried because of molding sand, has excellent flowing, so even die cavity has complicated shape, also can be fully populated with this molding sand.
Then pattern 20 is put into as shown in Figure 5 heating/drying oven 24, like this, dried by heating together with whole pattern with the die cavity 20a of molding sand 22 fillings.Consequently, at the lip-deep water-soluble binder of the casting mold 23 of curing to be heated owing to be injected in the effect of the water on the die cavity 20a inner surface and dissolved again, and since the moisture of this water-soluble binder of heating be evaporated fully.So the molding sand 22 on the mould surface of curing to be heated is heated curing, under the effect of water-soluble binder and produce the surface sclerosis, so just formed hardened layer 23a.
After heating process is finished, pattern 20 is taken out cooling from heating furnace 24, then a complete casting mold 23 to be taken out from pattern 20, the compression strength of the cementation zone 23a of the casting mold of producing like this 23 is up to 47.3kg/Cm 2Under this intensity, mold 23 is can be not impaired in casting process, and in addition, because the inside of casting mold 23 is because the fire sand of attitude and the mixture of water-soluble binder are formed, thereby casting mold 23 is broken easily.Taking out core from the inside of foundry goods or taking out from casting mold under the situation of foundry goods like this, its core and casting mold all are broken easily.
Shown in Figure 6 is that a casting mold of making from the method for the employed manufacturing casting mold of above-mentioned first embodiment downcuts a part and the test specimen 9 that obtains, and the test specimen surface has stairstepping as shown in the figure, and is coated with and has hung water-soluble binder.
On the sidewall of test specimen 9, Three positions have draws the groove of carving,
Figure 85109022_IMG3
Three positions have the different degree of depth apart from the outer surface of test specimen, and the degree of depth of the groove of carving of drawing is along with different and change to the distance of outer surface as shown in Figure 7.
More in short-term, the degree of depth of cutting also is more shallow in the distance of groove and outer surface, and this just means that the casting mold with more approaching that position, groove place of the outer surface of test specimen has higher hardness.
Two examples of the molding sand production method of being made up of fire sand and the coated above-mentioned water-soluble binder on it will be described below, please refer to Fig. 8 and Fig. 9.
(1) method of vacuum drying (with reference to figure 8):
Fire sand and water-soluble binder be filled in the adverse current type high speed puddle mixer 10 stirred, the result clads water-soluble binder on fire sand by means of the malaxation device 11 of reverse rotation and the effect of swing roller 12, the inside of cylinder 12 makes it keep certain vacuum by means of vacuum trap 13 simultaneously, with the moisture of evaporation in molding sand, reach the drying-type Grains.
(2) heat is coated with extension process (with reference to figure 9)
At first give fire-resistant sand in the temperature range that is heated to 50 ℃~200 ℃ by molding sand heater 14, by high speed puddle mixer (or adverse current type high speed puddle mixer) the water-soluble binder aqueous solution for preparing is dosed in the fire sand that has heated then, and mix with it, make moisture solution cladding live sand grains, remove moisture content simultaneously, then this molding sand of handling well is unloaded out.But this method is different from the vacuum drying method, and molding sand can not be dried fully, so need cool off them and dry by air cooling and drying unit 16, have also prevented that sand grains obstruction and sand grains from boning simultaneously.
From above-mentioned two embodiment as can be seen, last embodiment produces following effect: (1) can make the coating of fire sand be coated with by means of swing roller 12 to hang evenly, because cylinder 12 is to rotate with the direction opposite with the direction of rotation of rotating malaxation device 11 at a high speed; (2) it is subjected to the effect of vacuum when stirring when sand grains, can prevent these sand grains bondings to Xiao Chu And by De owing to the drying under water and cementation and the vacuum causes the obstruction of sand grains like this; (3) the molding sand grain is thoroughly dried, resulting like this molding sand has good flowability.
And second effect that embodiment had is as follows: (1) can make molding sand have uniform coating, and has higher productivity ratio; (2) owing to adopt the fluidized bed type air-cooling apparatus, then can prevent the obstruction and the bonding of fire sand.
According to above-mentioned two kinds of methods of producing molding sand, the molding sand of following composition is to be coated with extension with identical water-soluble mold wash, then they are put into to heat in the micro-wave oven that power is 4KW and made several casting mold test specimens in one minute, measure the compression strength of these test specimens then, will use identical powdery, water-soluble binding agent to mix for the ease of the compression strength molding sand when manufacturing casting mold that compares test specimen.
The mixed proportion of example 3 molding sand:
Fire sand: (by weight) 100 parts of Fei Leite silica sand
Water-soluble binder: (by weight) 3 parts of waterglass
Water: (by weight) 1 part
Water-soluble mold wash;
Moulding material: (by weight) 100 parts of zircon powder (325# or thinner)
Water-soluble binder: the aqueous solution of (by weight) 40 parts of carboxymethyl celluloses 1%
Waterglass: (by weight) 1 part
Comparative Examples 2
Fire sand: (by weight) 100 parts of Fei Leite silica sand
Powdery, water-soluble binding agent: (by weight) 1 part of sodium metasilicate (NO.2)
Use identical water-soluble mold wash.
Comparative Examples 3
Fire sand: 100 parts of (by weight) Fei Leite silica sand
Powdery, water-soluble binding agent: (by heavy) 2 parts of sodium metasilicate (NO.2)
Use identical water-soluble mold wash.
What Figure 10 represented is the graph of measured results of above-mentioned test casting mold being tested compression strength, wherein reference letter a and b represent to be made by material shown in the example 3, a is the molding sand that obtains by vacuum drying method, b is coated with the molding sand that the method for extension obtains by heat, reference letter c represents it is the test casting mold of being manufactured by Comparative Examples 2, and reference letter d refers to the test casting mold of being made by Comparative Examples 3.
From Figure 10, can find out, (Comparative Examples) is even change the amount of filling of Powdered binding agent in traditional powder type technology, its compression strength is not seen yet any obvious variation, can obtain one up to 42.0~47.2kg/Cm and be coated with the test casting mold of hanging craftwork manufacture according to vacuum drying technology and heat 2Compression strength.This is according to the term of a compression strength high strength at last.In addition, do not use water-soluble mold wash, its molding sand surface just can not solidified.
Described embodiment is only representing optimised form of the present invention, as long as without prejudice to spirit of the present invention, can carry out various changes as the those of skill in the art in this area, and protection scope of the present invention is to be determined by additional claims.

Claims (12)

1, a kind of method that employed casting mold is made in metal casting, its feature is as follows:
(a) molding sand formed by water-soluble binder and fire sand of heating and oven dry.
(b) molding sand that is used under the dry condition is filled in formed die cavity in the pattern, in above-mentioned sand filling process, make mo(U)ld face to be made maintain moisture.
(c), thereby the surface of casting mold is heating and curing the whole casting mold heating of the die cavity of using the molding sand complete filling.
2, by the method for the described production casting mold of claim 1, it is characterized in that the mixture that above-mentioned molding sand is made up of fire sand and water-soluble binder.
3, the method for making by the described casting mold of claim 1 it is characterized in that above-mentioned molding sand is to be made of fire sand, and the surface of each sand grains is all by water-soluble binder institute coated.
4, the method for making by the described casting mold of claim 1 is characterized in that filling with molding sand before the pattern, and the inner surface of this die cavity is coated with extension to form a coating, so that possess moisture on mo(U)ld face to be made with water-soluble mold wash.
5,, it is characterized in that the inner surface of described die cavity uses water-soaked to form water membrane, so that possess moisture on mo(U)ld face to be made with before the molding sand filling pattern by the described casting mold manufacture method of claim 1.
6,, it is characterized in that whole above-mentioned pattern puts into micro-wave oven and heat by the manufacture method of the described casting mold of claim 1.
7, the method for making by the described casting mold of claim 4 is characterized in that above-mentioned water-soluble mold wash is by coating is poured in the die cavity, the method for the pattern that overturns then and being coated with on the inner surface that hangs over die cavity.
8, the method for making by the described casting mold of claim 4, the inner surface that it is characterized in that this die cavity are to be ejected into the whole lip-deep mode of die cavity and coated with water-soluble mold wash.
9, the method for making by the described casting mold of claim 5 is characterized in that water is to enter die cavity by injection method, then by the method for upset pattern coated on the die cavity inner surface.
10, the method for making by the described casting mold of claim 5 is characterized in that by the mode towards the whole jet surface water of this die cavity water being coated with on the inner surface that hangs over this die cavity.
11, the method for making by the described casting mold of claim 1, it is characterized in that above-mentioned molding sand produces with boulton process, fire sand and water-soluble binder all are filled in the reverse-flow high speed puddle mixer and are stirred in the method, this puddle mixer is made up of a vacuum swing roller and malaxation device, and both rotation directions are opposite.
12, the method for making by the described casting mold of claim 1, it is characterized in that above-mentioned molding sand is to produce by the method that heat is coated with extension, in the method, the fire sand that preheated stirs with high speed puddle mixer or reverse-flow high speed puddle mixer, simultaneously, the aqueous solution that adds water-soluble binder.
CN85109022A 1985-05-07 1985-12-10 Process for making foundry molds Expired CN1017602B (en)

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JP60095523A JPS61253143A (en) 1985-05-07 1985-05-07 Forming method for casting mold
JP095523/85 1985-05-07

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CN1017602B CN1017602B (en) 1992-07-29

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CN100402187C (en) * 2003-09-02 2008-07-16 新东工业株式会社 Method of forming mold and core for metal casting
CN100467166C (en) * 2007-06-04 2009-03-11 天乾(无锡)科技有限公司 Method for founding main regulation valve body of steam turbine
CN100534663C (en) * 2002-11-08 2009-09-02 新东工业株式会社 Dry aggregate mixture, method of foundry molding using dry aggregate mixture and casting core
CN103341593A (en) * 2013-06-20 2013-10-09 重庆长江造型材料(集团)股份有限公司 Drying method for water-based binder wet mold core
CN108436383A (en) * 2018-05-29 2018-08-24 新乡市长城铸钢有限公司 A kind of welding method of casting identification number
CN108746554A (en) * 2018-05-29 2018-11-06 新乡市长城铸钢有限公司 A kind of weldering word method on the casting of cast form
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CN100534663C (en) * 2002-11-08 2009-09-02 新东工业株式会社 Dry aggregate mixture, method of foundry molding using dry aggregate mixture and casting core
CN100402187C (en) * 2003-09-02 2008-07-16 新东工业株式会社 Method of forming mold and core for metal casting
CN100467166C (en) * 2007-06-04 2009-03-11 天乾(无锡)科技有限公司 Method for founding main regulation valve body of steam turbine
CN103341593A (en) * 2013-06-20 2013-10-09 重庆长江造型材料(集团)股份有限公司 Drying method for water-based binder wet mold core
CN108436383A (en) * 2018-05-29 2018-08-24 新乡市长城铸钢有限公司 A kind of welding method of casting identification number
CN108746554A (en) * 2018-05-29 2018-11-06 新乡市长城铸钢有限公司 A kind of weldering word method on the casting of cast form
CN111872330A (en) * 2020-06-17 2020-11-03 南昌航空大学 Shell mould casting method adopting non-occupying coating
CN114700459A (en) * 2022-03-21 2022-07-05 陈攀 Method for accelerating paint drying by using residual heat of V-normal molding sand

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JPH0115335B2 (en) 1989-03-16
JPS61253143A (en) 1986-11-11
KR910009367B1 (en) 1991-11-14
KR860008816A (en) 1986-12-18
CN1017602B (en) 1992-07-29

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