CN111872330A - Shell mould casting method adopting non-occupying coating - Google Patents
Shell mould casting method adopting non-occupying coating Download PDFInfo
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- CN111872330A CN111872330A CN202010551602.1A CN202010551602A CN111872330A CN 111872330 A CN111872330 A CN 111872330A CN 202010551602 A CN202010551602 A CN 202010551602A CN 111872330 A CN111872330 A CN 111872330A
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- shell mold
- sand
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C23/00—Tools; Devices not mentioned before for moulding
- B22C23/02—Devices for coating moulds or cores
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C3/00—Selection of compositions for coating the surfaces of moulds, cores, or patterns
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a shell mold casting method adopting non-occupying coating, which comprises the steps of directly spraying the non-occupying coating on the surface of a metal template, spraying a layer of furan resin on the non-occupying coating after the non-occupying coating is solidified, and hardening precoated sand under the heating condition to prepare a shell mold. The coating can be transferred from the surface of the metal template to the surface of the shell mold during stripping, thereby producing the shell mold with the non-placeholder coating layer. According to the invention, the shell mold with the non-occupying coating layer is prepared, so that the direct contact between the molten metal and the shell mold can be avoided, and the high-temperature reaction between the molten metal and the shell mold is slowed down, thereby improving the dimensional accuracy and the surface quality of aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy and cast steel castings and reducing the surface roughness of the castings; and the thickness of the non-occupation coating layer does not influence the size of the casting, and the size precision of the casting cannot be reduced due to the non-occupation coating layer. The invention is suitable for casting small and medium-sized castings of aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, cast steel and cast iron alloy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metal solidification manufacturing, in particular to a shell mold casting method adopting non-occupying coating.
Background
Shell mold casting (shell mold) is a casting method for producing castings with thin shell molds, invented by german j. cronine in 1943, first applied in germany in 1944, and started to be used in other countries after 1947. The technological process includes covering the coated sand onto metal plate heated to 180-280 deg.c to harden the coated sand into thin shell with thickness of 6-12 mm, heating to solidify the shell to reach enough strength and rigidity, clamping the shell with fixture or adhering the shell with resin to form casting mold, and casting. The shell mold casting is suitable for nonferrous alloys such as aluminum and magnesium, and ferrous alloys such as cast steel and cast iron. The shell mold casting can significantly reduce the use of molding sand, and the obtained casting has clear outline, smooth surface and accurate size, and can be processed without mechanical processing or with little processing. Therefore, the shell mold casting is particularly suitable for producing castings of various alloys with large batch size, high dimensional accuracy requirement, thin wall and complex shape.
The high-temperature performance of the shell type foundry sand determines the state of the shell type foundry sand under the pouring condition, and poor high-temperature performance can cause the casting defects of sand inclusion, sand washing, cracks, sand sticking and the like during pouring, so that the quality and the yield of castings are directly reduced. The coating can improve the surface quality of the casting and reduce the surface roughness, but the thickness of the coating layer influences the size precision of the casting to a certain extent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a shell mold casting method adopting a non-occupying coating, namely, the shell mold with the non-occupying coating is prepared, so that the dimensional accuracy and the surface quality of aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy and cast steel castings are improved, and the high-temperature reaction between melts such as cast steel and the like and the shell mold is slowed down.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
a shell mold casting method adopting non-occupying coating is characterized in that: the method comprises the following specific steps
after the step 4 and 10-20 minutes, turning the sand box for 180 degrees again to enable the precoated sand which is not solidified on the shell mold to fall back into the sand box;
and 6, further heating and strengthening the shell mold prepared by the method, closing the shell mold, putting the shell mold into a sand box, filling sand and pouring to obtain a casting.
The alloy in the step 1 is one of cast aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, cast steel alloy or cast iron alloy.
The non-occupancy paint in the step 1 is one of water-based chalk powder paint, water-based magnesite powder paint, water-based zirconium sand powder or water-based silica powder paint.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the invention directly sprays non-occupying coating on the surface of a metal template, after the non-occupying coating is solidified, a layer of furan resin is sprayed on the non-occupying coating, and the precoated sand is hardened under the heating condition to prepare the shell mold. The coating can be transferred from the surface of the metal template to the surface of the shell mold during stripping, thereby producing the shell mold with the non-placeholder coating layer. The non-occupying coating layer can perfectly reproduce the surface of the metal template, coating surface defects such as brush marks, flowing, accumulation and the like do not exist, and a precise and smooth casting can be obtained. The spraying of furan resin is favorable for improving the binding force between the non-occupation coating layer and the precoated sand. And the conventional release agent is sprayed on the metal template in advance, so that the non-occupying coating can be favorably separated from the metal template, and the non-occupying coating is prevented from sticking to the template.
According to the invention, the shell mold with the non-occupying coating layer is prepared, so that the direct contact between the molten metal and the shell mold can be avoided, and the high-temperature reaction between the molten metal and the shell mold is slowed down, thereby improving the dimensional accuracy and the surface quality of aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy and cast steel castings and reducing the surface roughness of the castings; and the thickness of the non-occupation coating layer does not influence the size of the casting, and the size precision of the casting cannot be reduced due to the non-occupation coating layer. The invention is suitable for casting small and medium-sized castings of aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, cast steel and cast iron alloy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of non-occupancy coating spraying;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a sand box containing precoated sand;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the shell mold prepared by heating;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of unconsolidated precoated sand fallout;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of obtaining a shell mold with a non-space occupying coating;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of a shell clamp;
in the figure: 1. a metal template; 2. a paint sprayer; 3. a non-occupancy coating; 4. a sand box; 5. coating sand; 6. heating plates; 7. a shell mold; 8. a sand box; 9. and (4) sand.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following examples and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
a shell mold casting method adopting non-occupying coating comprises the following specific steps:
1. spraying a layer of conventional release agent and a layer of water-based chalk powder coating for aluminum alloy casting on a preheated metal template in sequence, and spraying a layer of furan resin after the conventional release agent and the water-based chalk powder coating are cured;
2. the sand box with an opening on the upper surface is filled with precoated sand, the metal template is used as a cover plate and fixed on the sand box, a heating plate is placed on the metal template, the heating plate generates heat after being electrified, and the metal template is heated to 200 ℃ through conduction;
3. turning the sand box for 180 degrees to enable the precoated sand in the sand box to fall on a metal template with the heating temperature of 200 ℃, and connecting the precoated sand in contact with furan resin and non-occupation paint into a whole through the furan resin to form a shell mold with the thickness of 6 mm;
4. after 10 minutes, turning the sand box for 180 degrees again to enable the precoated sand which is not solidified on the shell mold to fall back into the sand box;
5. taking out the metal template from the sand box, taking the solidified shell mold off the metal template, and transferring the non-occupation paint sprayed on the metal template to form a layer of non-occupation paint on the surface of the shell mold;
6. and (3) further heating and strengthening the shell mold prepared by the method, closing the shell mold, putting the shell mold into a sand box, filling sand and pouring to obtain the aluminum alloy casting.
Example 2:
a shell mold casting method adopting non-occupying coating comprises the following specific steps:
1. spraying a layer of conventional release agent and a layer of water-based magnesia powder coating for magnesium alloy casting on the preheated metal template in sequence, and spraying a layer of furan resin after the conventional release agent and the water-based magnesia powder coating are cured;
2. the sand box with an opening on the upper surface is filled with precoated sand, a metal template is used as a cover plate and fixed on the sand box, a heating plate is placed on the metal template, the heating plate generates heat after being electrified, and the metal template is heated to 250 ℃ through conduction;
3. turning over the sand box to enable the precoated sand to fall on a metal template with the heating temperature of 250 ℃ to form a shell mold with the thickness of 10 mm;
4. after 20 minutes, turning the sand box for 180 degrees again to enable the precoated sand which is not solidified on the shell mold to fall back into the sand box;
5. taking out the metal template from the sand box, taking the solidified shell mold off the metal template, and transferring the non-occupation paint sprayed on the metal template to form a layer of non-occupation paint on the surface of the shell mold;
6. and (3) further heating and strengthening the shell mould prepared by the method, closing the shell mould, putting the shell mould into a sand box, filling sand and pouring to obtain the magnesium alloy casting.
Example 3:
a shell mold casting method adopting non-occupying coating comprises the following specific steps:
1. spraying a layer of conventional release agent and a layer of water-based zircon sand powder for casting the cast steel alloy on the preheated metal template in sequence, and spraying a layer of furan resin after the conventional release agent and the water-based zircon sand powder are cured;
2. the sand box with an opening on the upper surface is filled with precoated sand, the metal template is used as a cover plate and fixed on the sand box, a heating plate is placed on the metal template, the heating plate generates heat after being electrified, and the metal template is heated to 200 ℃ through conduction;
3. turning over the sand box to enable the precoated sand to fall on a metal template with the heating temperature of 200 ℃ to form a shell mold with the thickness of 8 mm;
4. after 15 minutes, turning the sand box for 180 degrees again to enable the precoated sand which is not solidified on the shell mold to fall back into the sand box;
5. taking out the metal template from the sand box, taking the solidified shell mold off the metal template, and transferring the non-occupation paint sprayed on the metal template to form a layer of non-occupation paint on the surface of the shell mold;
6. and (3) further heating and strengthening the shell mold prepared by the method, closing the shell mold, putting the shell mold into a sand box, filling sand and pouring to obtain a cast steel alloy casting.
Example 4:
a shell mold casting method adopting non-occupying coating comprises the following specific steps:
1. spraying a layer of conventional release agent and a layer of water-based silica powder coating for casting the cast iron alloy on the preheated metal template in sequence, and spraying a layer of furan resin after the conventional release agent and the water-based silica powder coating are cured;
2. the sand box with an opening on the upper surface is filled with precoated sand, the metal template is used as a cover plate and fixed on the sand box, a heating plate is placed on the metal template, the heating plate generates heat after being electrified, and the metal template is heated to 230 ℃ through conduction;
3. turning over the sand box to enable the precoated sand to fall on a metal template with the heating temperature of 230 ℃ to form a shell mold with the thickness of 9 mm;
4. after 12 minutes, turning the sand box for 180 degrees again to enable the precoated sand which is not solidified on the shell mold to fall back into the sand box;
5. taking out the metal template from the sand box, taking the solidified shell mold off the metal template, and transferring the non-occupation paint sprayed on the metal template to form a layer of non-occupation paint on the surface of the shell mold;
6. and (3) further heating and strengthening the shell mold prepared by the method, closing the shell mold, putting the shell mold into a sand box, filling sand and pouring to obtain the cast iron alloy casting.
Claims (3)
1. A shell mold casting method adopting non-occupying coating is characterized in that: the method comprises the following specific steps
Step 1, firstly, spraying a layer of conventional release agent on a metal template preheated to 200-250 ℃, then spraying a layer of non-occupying coating for alloy casting on the release agent through a coating sprayer, and after the non-occupying coating is cured, spraying a layer of furan resin on the non-occupying coating;
step 2, filling precoated sand into the sand box with the upper opening, fixing a metal template serving as a cover plate on the sand box, placing a heating plate on the metal template, heating the metal template to 200-250 ℃ by conduction after the heating plate is electrified;
step 3, turning the sand box for 180 degrees to enable the precoated sand in the sand box to fall on the heated metal template, and connecting the precoated sand in contact with furan resin and the non-occupation paint into a whole through the furan resin to form a shell mold with the thickness of 6-10 mm;
after the step 4 and 10-20 minutes, turning the sand box for 180 degrees again to enable the precoated sand which is not solidified on the shell mold to fall back into the sand box;
step 5, taking out the metal template from the sand box, taking the solidified shell mold off the metal template, and transferring the non-occupation paint sprayed on the metal template to form a layer of non-occupation paint on the surface of the shell mold;
and 6, further heating and strengthening the shell mold prepared by the method, closing the shell mold, putting the shell mold into a sand box, filling sand and pouring to obtain a casting.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of: the alloy in the step 1 is one of cast aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, cast steel alloy or cast iron alloy.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of: the non-occupancy paint in the step 1 is one of water-based chalk powder paint, water-based magnesite powder paint, water-based zirconium sand powder or water-based silica powder paint.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010551602.1A CN111872330A (en) | 2020-06-17 | 2020-06-17 | Shell mould casting method adopting non-occupying coating |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010551602.1A CN111872330A (en) | 2020-06-17 | 2020-06-17 | Shell mould casting method adopting non-occupying coating |
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| CN111872330A true CN111872330A (en) | 2020-11-03 |
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Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1184095A (en) * | 1967-03-07 | 1970-03-11 | Chelton Forming Ltd | Improvements in or relating to the Manufacture of Core-Boxes for Foundry Work |
| JPS5110815B2 (en) * | 1972-05-22 | 1976-04-07 | ||
| JPS61137646A (en) * | 1984-12-07 | 1986-06-25 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Manufacture of casting mold |
| CN85109022A (en) * | 1985-05-07 | 1986-11-05 | 株式会社小松制作所 | The manufacture method of casting mold |
| CN102294434A (en) * | 2011-08-05 | 2011-12-28 | 谌征 | Composite molding casting process |
| CN102825211A (en) * | 2012-09-19 | 2012-12-19 | 中北大学 | Non-occupying coating and application thereof |
| CN104801659A (en) * | 2015-04-16 | 2015-07-29 | 西南大学 | Self-hardening transferring coating and use method thereof |
| CN107931527A (en) * | 2017-12-23 | 2018-04-20 | 安徽鑫宏机械有限公司 | A kind of high strength gypsum investment shell preparation process |
| CN107971460A (en) * | 2017-12-23 | 2018-05-01 | 安徽鑫宏机械有限公司 | A kind of fusible pattern formwork preparation process using coating transfer method |
-
2020
- 2020-06-17 CN CN202010551602.1A patent/CN111872330A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1184095A (en) * | 1967-03-07 | 1970-03-11 | Chelton Forming Ltd | Improvements in or relating to the Manufacture of Core-Boxes for Foundry Work |
| JPS5110815B2 (en) * | 1972-05-22 | 1976-04-07 | ||
| GB1439181A (en) * | 1972-05-22 | 1976-06-09 | Komatsu Mfg Co Ltd | Process for moulding shell mould |
| JPS61137646A (en) * | 1984-12-07 | 1986-06-25 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Manufacture of casting mold |
| CN85109022A (en) * | 1985-05-07 | 1986-11-05 | 株式会社小松制作所 | The manufacture method of casting mold |
| CN102294434A (en) * | 2011-08-05 | 2011-12-28 | 谌征 | Composite molding casting process |
| CN102825211A (en) * | 2012-09-19 | 2012-12-19 | 中北大学 | Non-occupying coating and application thereof |
| CN104801659A (en) * | 2015-04-16 | 2015-07-29 | 西南大学 | Self-hardening transferring coating and use method thereof |
| CN107931527A (en) * | 2017-12-23 | 2018-04-20 | 安徽鑫宏机械有限公司 | A kind of high strength gypsum investment shell preparation process |
| CN107971460A (en) * | 2017-12-23 | 2018-05-01 | 安徽鑫宏机械有限公司 | A kind of fusible pattern formwork preparation process using coating transfer method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| AKIO，YAMANISHI A: "KY process modified croning process", 《AFS TRANSACTIONS》 * |
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Application publication date: 20201103 |
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