CN85104573A - The manufacture method of base substrate, particularly building unit - Google Patents
The manufacture method of base substrate, particularly building unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN85104573A CN85104573A CN85104573.1A CN85104573A CN85104573A CN 85104573 A CN85104573 A CN 85104573A CN 85104573 A CN85104573 A CN 85104573A CN 85104573 A CN85104573 A CN 85104573A
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- jointing material
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Abstract
Theme of the present invention is a kind of manufacturing base substrate, the particularly process of heat insualting building member.Wherein prepare a kind of compound that contains vegetable fiber material (being mainly rice husk), jointing material (for example cement or plaster) and water, carry out molded then.In the first step, the vegetalitas material mixes (wetting in advance) with a kind of liquid, contain some blending water and dissolved adhesion enhancer in this liquid.Earlier with the jointing material of drying, then remaining that part of water is mixed with the raw material of wetting mistake in advance.At last, carry out compound molded and make it solidifying.
Description
The present invention relates to base substrate, particularly the manufacture method of building unit wherein with vegetable fiber material, mainly is that siliceous vegetalitas waste material mixes with silicate-base jointing material and water, and is then that this mixture is molded and shaped.Mainly be suitable for solving heat insulation and problem sound insulation by the prepared building unit of process of the present invention, also be suitable for solving the problem of space interval.
In view of the energy carrier price soars, great majority in the building of all kinds are carried out effectively heat insulation just more and more meaningful, simultaneously, usually in general used heat-barrier material and technology still compare expensive, this is restricted applying of they, in addition, they also usually can not satisfy more and more higher quality requirement.
Usually used heat-barrier material comprises various brick and tile industry products, porosity slabstone for example, and these products also can only use in more and more littler scope even pass over its inferior heat-insulating capability because weight needs a large amount of labours greatly and during fabrication.
Heat-barrier material and sound insulation materials also can be made with expanded or fibrillatable mineral (perlite, fibrous glass, rock wool etc.), but its production technology, comprise that all local processes of exploiting between the final products manufacturing from raw material are all very complicated, and need supply with very lot of energy.Other shortcoming is that the intensity of these heat-barrier materials is extremely low, is compacted at architectural process, causes heat-proof quality to descend.
When making artificial foamed material, required energy equally also is very a large amount of, and this material is not only expensive but also also inflammable usually, therefore can not use in a large number.
Because the heat-barrier material of usefulness has above-mentioned shortcoming usually, global brainstrust all is being devoted to good heat-barrier material and the member of cheap raw material development.Therefore, people utilize the notice steering exploration industrial waste and agricultural wastes to make the possibility of heat-barrier material in recent years, because along with industrial expansion, the concentration of productionization, all produce a large amount of refuses on the industrial and agricultural, they extensively utilize problem still unresolved, and to disappear that to ruin these refuses also quite expensive.
On agricultural, though some refuse incendivity of having any problem for example, to ruin high cellulosic vegetalitas material (for example, rape, straw, rice husk) then be debatable and will disappear.And, in construction industry, utilizing their method though developed some, can't successfully use in a large number so far.
Narrated a kind of process of making insulated lining and heat insulation base substrate among the Hungarian patent specification No.159762, wherein the particle with straw, rice husk or maize leaves is used as base stock, and will be used as jointing material with water glass or the bi-component synthetic resin that copper-bath diluted.Base stock (husk) is sprinkling upon on the whole surface, then jointing material is atomized into the injection a fluid stream simultaneously.When reaching certain bed thickness, on first floor, apply the straw that covers one deck 50～100 millimeters long, carry out the first step then, promptly repeat to spray adhesive.In case of necessity, by repeating for second step again, make a unconsolidated formation or loose base substrate, pressurization makes it to produce moderate distortion then.The shortcoming of this process is the spray technique complexity, needs manual operations, and intensity is uncontrollable, and quality is inconsistent.In addition, this insulated lining or heat insulation base substrate can not use on walking surface at all, because their load-bearing property is on duty mutually.
Another kind described in the Hungarian patent specification No.181185 is made in the process of building unit, vegetable fiber material and the fibrous material that cuts off mixed mutually with the after-hardening agent, and with this compound compression molding.The shortcoming of this process is that the refuse that is used as raw material must grind in first being processed, classification, and floods with the material that stops the moisture absorption earlier before adding adhesive.These steps make that this process is complicated on the one hand and have improved cost, and on the other hand owing to the existence of impregnating agent has stoped contacting fully between jointing material and the basic material of vegetalitas, this has influence on the quality of product conversely, so its quality instability.
The objective of the invention is to realize a kind of like this process that is suitable for making the heat-insulating sound-insulating building unit, wherein make base stock with plant waste, do not need to adopt the big technology of complicated method and investment and (or) carry out physically preliminary treatment with other method.Must produce by process of the present invention and to be suitable for heat insulation and building unit sound insulation.This or realize with the original low industrial technology of expense or with small-scale production method.
Basis of the present invention is to have distinguished and utilizes cellulosic, particularly siliceous vegetalitas material without the physics preliminary treatment, can present good performance in for example Fibrotic final products.(the cut staple raw material is to obtain optimum length, and this can not be considered as preliminary treatment, because the destruction of raw material not suffering for example to resemble in processes such as fibrillatable, combing, pulverizing, this only is to cut off, and does not influence the structure of material).In addition, siliceous high cellulosic plant waste, its key component, i.e. silicon, preferably and the silicate-base jointing material bonding by this way, promptly handle and cover the lip-deep wax layer of vegetable fiber material with adhesion enhancer.Like this, obtain effective contact of height between vegetable fiber material and the jointing material, make final products have the physical property more much better-comprise intensity than the known building unit that is used for identical purpose.
According to the above-mentioned fact of distinguishing, problem to be solved by this invention solves with a kind of like this process, promptly in this process, with vegetable fiber material, particularly siliceous plant waste mixes with silicate-base jointing material and water, and is then that this mixture is molded and shaped.Essence of the present invention is:
A, with vegetable fiber material and certain umber contain dissolved adhesion enhancer, water required for jointing material and that distribute to whole compound mixes;
B, with the silicate-base jointing material with acquired, mix mutually through the vegetable fiber material of wetting mistake in advance;
C, will remain umber water with when the silicate-base jointing material mixes and (or) with mix in the raw material after the silicate-base jointing material mixes;
D, last, compound is molded and shaped and make it curing with conventional method.
According to another feature of the present invention, will contain blending water and dissolved adhesion enhancer liquid and (or) second part of water do not pressurize and be added in the compound with the method for spraying, and carries out molded after further mixing.
Be preferably in the first step 1/10～1/2 part of blending water that contains about 0.01～0.1 part of weight adhesion enhancer is added in the vegetable fiber material of 1 part of weight, in second step, 9/10～1/2 part of water that does not contain adhesion enhancer is added in the compound simultaneously.Generally, the cement with 1～5 part of weight prepares compound as jointing material.This cement is to add under dry state and and the vegetable fiber material mixing of wetting mistake in advance.Certainly, also can be with other silicate-base jointing material, for example plaster.
According to another feature of the present invention, total prepares compound with the blending water of 0.2～3.0 part of weight approximately, synthetic resin based material, and for example polyvinyl acetate can be used as adhesion enhancer.
The adhesion promotor (is that benchmark calculates with the jointing material) that can in compound, add in case of necessity, 0.01～0.1 part of weight.
For the intensity of improving final products and (or) elasticity, added the synthetic resin of 0.01～0.1 part of weight, the most handy furfural resin.
Mainly with rice husk or straw as base stock, but other vegetable fiber material, for example sugarcane or rape also can be used as base stock.
Now describe the present invention in detail with the following example.
Embodiment 1
Dividing plate with 60 * 60 * 50 centimetres of process manufacturings of the present invention, for making 0.5 cubic metre after-hardening compound, 65 kilograms rice husk is packed into (being used for concrete technology) in the batch mixer of known powerful system operation, machine then, the liquid that will contain 45.0 kg of water and 9.5 kilograms of dissolved polyvinyl acetate does not pressurize and is added in the moving rice husk with the method for spraying.Continue to stir till compound evenly.Like this, rice husk forms on " bonding bridge " on the other hand in its surface on the one hand by wetting in advance, makes between rice husk and the jointing material to contact well.
Then, with the blue cement of 200 kilograms of No. 350 Pood as jointing material when constantly stirring rice husk, be added to wetting in advance mistake, the surface has coated in the rice husk of adhesion enhancer, one after jointing material (cement) and other component are fully mixed, when continuing to mix material, remaining 55 kilograms of water that are used for cement setting are sprayed onto compound, then about 5 kilograms furfural resin is sprayed onto in the compound, to improve the elasticity of final products.
To make but still uncured compound carries out moldedly, reach material need being kept 48 hours that part condenses with surface evening and by cement in mould, post processing is carried out in the demoulding and this structural lumber sprayed 5 sky and water then.
Embodiment 2
Use and make some without the straw that cut off as base stock and be used for underfloor insulating board.In order to produce 0.5 cubic metre compound, put into known machine,massing with 55 kilograms without the straw that cut off (grass stalks of about 50 centimeter length), the grass stalk material that is made it to move by mixer is mixed mutually with the liquid that contains 40 kg of water and 10 kilograms of dissolved polyvinyl acetate.With this compound be stirred to straw drenched till.Then 200 kilograms of blue cement of Pood of No. 350 are added in the continuous compound that is stirring as jointing material.Then remaining, necessary 45 kg of water of cement setting are sprayed onto in the compound, simultaneously 5 kilograms of furfural resins are sprayed onto in the compound.
Uniform compound is carried out molded, thickness is adjusted to 5 centimetres, and this material kept in mould 48 hours.These sheet materials of 60 * 60 * 5 centimetres are erect rotation and spray water and carried out post processing in 5 days.
These sheet materials can be used in (for example single thing) underfloor in order to heat insulation.In the case, these sheet materials can play the concrete dampproof effect.Also be suitable for doing the base on floor by prepared these sheet materials of process of the present invention.
Embodiment 3
Be applicable to 60 * 60 * 6 centimetres sheet material of space interval by process manufacturing of the present invention, for preparing 0.5 cubic metre compound, 45 kilograms of rice husks are put into mixer and spray into 53 kilograms of liquid that contain 45 kg of water and 8 kilograms of dissolved polyvinyl acetate.After wetting in advance, with 165 kilograms of plaster as the jointing material mixer of packing into, it is mixed with the rice husk of wetting mistake in advance equably, spray into compound-compound with 75 kilograms then and constantly stir, contain 5 kilograms of carboxymethyl celluloses (CMC) in this part water as slow stick by mixer.Continue 3 minutes with mixing of second portion water, then wetting and uncured compound is poured in the mould, one side in its broad side surface and surface evening thereof.
Also can use vertical mould, two big sides of this mould are the plane, and material pours into from the top; Be easy to make the surface smoothing of member, evenly like this.
Compound kept in mould about 10 minutes, and interior during this period compound is agglomerated to the degree that just can store and be dried to the dried state of gas without mould.The member that processes can be used for partition wall for instance.
Following table has comprised the reference data of relevant building unit, and these building units are to make with identical base stock by process of the present invention, but have used two kinds of jointing materials:
Building unit I building unit II
Base stock: rice husk rice husk
Jointing material: cement plaster
Adhesion enhancer: polyvinyl acetate polyvinyl acetate
Unit weight: about 700 kilograms/cubic metre about 950 kilograms/cubic metre
Thermal conductivity: in the time of-10 ℃ 0.116-10 ℃ the time 0.196
In the time of+10 ℃ 0.121+10 ℃ the time 0.221
In the time of+30 ℃ 0.126+30 ℃ the time 0.245
Bulk stability 0.999 0.999
Burn-ability is difficult for burning and is difficult for burning
Main advantage of the present invention is, can utilize the refuse on the agricultural, and for example rice husk very reasonably makes building element as base stock, and these refuses usually will disappear and destroy then that both difficulty was expensive. In other words, process of the present invention does not need base stock is carried out physics preliminary treatment or Chemical Pretreatment (for example fibrillatable, pulverizing, impregnating), these are processed all needs independent processing step, this is favourable from the angle of economic benefit not only, and to the quality of final product The good performance of desired vegetable fiber material good impact also arranged, because if its structure is injury-free, then will be brought into play to maximum degree. The base stock that synthetic resin based bonding modifying agent-its result has fully guaranteed to have the wax surface has good contact-be to be added in the technical process with the water that is dissolved with bonding material with seldom amount between bonding material to go, and does not need special measure and equipment, expensive technological operation, heat treatment, pressure etc.
Original compound does not need special pressed compact operation when being molded as base substrate, member can be made with the method that adopts in the concrete technology and mould. In order to reach most of various purposes, can produce sheet profile member or the building block shape member that is suitable for doing wall, dividing plate or ceiling.
Because these building elements have good heat-proof quality, they can be used as rear thermal insulation layer, and are used for the thermal insulation layer of wall, base, ceiling, false ceiling and are used for eliminating heat bridge, etc. They use as permanent template in special architectural engineering is favourable. When concrete casting being filled between the permanent template, can build into the wall structure with sufficient intensity and heat-proof quality. (capacity of these members can be between 400 kilograms/cubic metre and 1000 kilograms/cubic metre, and thermal conductivity is about 0.12W/m2K. ) do not need will be fixed on by the thermal insulation board of manufacturing of the present invention on the concrete base substrate with auxiliary fixed element, because the structure of material and surface make their fine being bonded on the concrete. Such sheet material can be fixed on the existing concrete wall easily with the cement gel.
The situation of residential housing thing of the wall that is built into by the building block by manufacturing of the present invention-for example-even wall thickness just can meet strict dynamics standard when being 20 centimetres.
One of preferred application method of board products of the present invention is, they are built in the ground floor of building, forms thermal insulation layer in the there, simultaneously-build out a bit at water barrier-they can replace concrete foundation. Like this, because the workload of on-the-spot placing concrete reduces, the dynamic performance on ground can significantly improve simultaneously.
Because member can be sawed, carves, follow closely, so processing is simple. Insect, mould can not be destroyed this kind material, and nonflammable.
Use can be built into complete building by the building element of manufacturing of the present invention, for example the space interval of agricultural building thing and insulation system.
Original compound can prepare with mechanical mixing or artificial mixed method. Can make building element of the present invention equally with family's method on a small scale or with commercial run.
The present invention has special economic potential and uses widely potentiality in the Rice Cropping district, in the Rice Cropping district, generally be difficult to obtain timber, and timber is not durable yet, rice husk, straw then can obtain in a large number, they can according to technology of the present invention by hand method or be processed into building element with commercial run.
The unit weight of the member that makes, intensity, robustness and other performance can be improved with synthetic resin, lightweight auxiliary material or heavy matter auxiliary material, additive. Except known chemicals, for example outside " TRICOSAL ", heat treatment, preferably decatize also can be used as bonding promoter.
Certainly, the present invention is only limited to mentioned embodiment, but can realize with the many methods in claims scope.
Claims (10)
1, making the method for base substrate, particularly building unit, wherein make vegetable fiber material, mainly is that siliceous plant waste mixes with silicate-base jointing material and water, and it is molded to use the compound that makes to carry out then, it is characterized in that,
A, the water of vegetable fiber material being distributed to whole compound with certain umber and containing the bonding required adhesion enhancer of dissolved jointing material mix,
B, the general vegetable fiber material of wetting mistake in advance mix mutually with the silicate-base jointing material,
C, with the water of remainder with when the silicate-base jointing material mixes and (or) going with being incorporated in the raw material after the silicate-base jointing material mixes,
D, last carries out compound molded, and makes it to solidify.
2, according to claim 1 described method, it is characterized in that, the liquid that will form by water and dissolved adhesion enhancer, and (or) second portion water do not pressurize and be sprayed onto in the compound, further stir then and molded.
3, according to claim 1 or 2 described methods, it is characterized in that, in the first step,, in second step, 9/10～1/2 part of water that does not contain any adhesion enhancer is added in the vegetable fiber material of 1 part of weight then 1/10～1/2 part of blending water that contains 0.01～0.1 part of weight adhesion enhancer of having an appointment.
4, according to claim 3 described methods, it is characterized in that, prepare compound with the cement of 1～5 part of weight as jointing material, cement adds in the vegetable fiber material of wetting mistake in advance and mixes with it with dry state.
5, according to claim 3 or 4 described methods, it is characterized in that, prepare compound with the blending water of about 0.2～3.0 part of weight.
6, according to each described method in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that, use the synthetic resin sill, preferably prepare compound as adhesion enhancer with polyvinyl acetate.
7, according to each described method in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that, about 0.01～0.1 part of weight (is that benchmark calculates with the jointing material amount) adhesion promotor is added in the compound.
8, according to each described method in the claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that, for the intensity of improving final products and (or) elasticity, with the synthetic resin of 0.01～0.1 part of weight, be most that furfural resin adds in the compound.
9, according to each described method in the claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that, with rice husk and (or) straw, and (or) rape, and (or) sugarcane is as cellulosic vegetalitas base stock.
10, according to each described method in claim 1 to 3 and the claim 5 to 9, it is characterized in that, will as the plaster of jointing material and bonding delayed-action activator is added in the compound under the given situation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 85104573 CN1012585B (en) | 1985-06-14 | 1985-06-14 | The manufacture method of base substrate, particularly building unit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 85104573 CN1012585B (en) | 1985-06-14 | 1985-06-14 | The manufacture method of base substrate, particularly building unit |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN85104573A true CN85104573A (en) | 1986-12-10 |
| CN1012585B CN1012585B (en) | 1991-05-08 |
Family
ID=4793927
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 85104573 Expired CN1012585B (en) | 1985-06-14 | 1985-06-14 | The manufacture method of base substrate, particularly building unit |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1012585B (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101709215A (en) * | 2009-08-11 | 2010-05-19 | 张世忠 | Rice husk ash phase-change energy-storing thermal insulation material |
| CN102503265A (en) * | 2011-10-24 | 2012-06-20 | 珠海保税区台商科技开发区有限公司 | Environmentally-friendly cement mortar containing rice husk |
| CN107915454A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-04-17 | 平果富邑智能板有限公司 | Thermal insulation of roof thermal insulation board and preparation method thereof |
-
1985
- 1985-06-14 CN CN 85104573 patent/CN1012585B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101709215A (en) * | 2009-08-11 | 2010-05-19 | 张世忠 | Rice husk ash phase-change energy-storing thermal insulation material |
| CN102503265A (en) * | 2011-10-24 | 2012-06-20 | 珠海保税区台商科技开发区有限公司 | Environmentally-friendly cement mortar containing rice husk |
| CN107915454A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-04-17 | 平果富邑智能板有限公司 | Thermal insulation of roof thermal insulation board and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1012585B (en) | 1991-05-08 |
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