CN85103499A - The high temperature lubricant of used in chipless-hot working of metals - Google Patents

The high temperature lubricant of used in chipless-hot working of metals Download PDF

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Publication number
CN85103499A
CN85103499A CN198585103499A CN85103499A CN85103499A CN 85103499 A CN85103499 A CN 85103499A CN 198585103499 A CN198585103499 A CN 198585103499A CN 85103499 A CN85103499 A CN 85103499A CN 85103499 A CN85103499 A CN 85103499A
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China
Prior art keywords
high temperature
lubricant
weight percentage
temperature lubricant
poly
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CN198585103499A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
雅奎斯·佩列安特
海斯·鲁道夫·斯道布
阿伦·克隆
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Lonza AG
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Lonza AG
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Publication of CN85103499A publication Critical patent/CN85103499A/en
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    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
    • C10M2209/086—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type polycarboxylic, e.g. maleic acid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/12—Polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, biopolymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2217/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2217/028—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a nitrogen-containing hetero ring
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2217/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by functionalisation op polymers with a nitrogen containing compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/24—Metal working without essential removal of material, e.g. forming, gorging, drawing, pressing, stamping, rolling or extruding; Punching metal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/241—Manufacturing joint-less pipes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/242—Hot working
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/243—Cold working
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
    • C10N2040/245—Soft metals, e.g. aluminum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
    • C10N2040/246—Iron or steel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
    • C10N2040/247—Stainless steel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/015—Dispersions of solid lubricants
    • C10N2050/02—Dispersions of solid lubricants dissolved or suspended in a carrier which subsequently evaporates to leave a lubricant coating

Abstract

The high temperature lubricant of used in chipless-hot working of metals, what preferentially adopt is that aqueous suspension is aqueous, in aqeous suspension, condense and keep to stand the uniform lubricant film of temperature variation for fear of solid matter, except containing solid lubricant, also contain the organism that can decompose fully in the high temperature lubricant.Inorganic additives and the organic stabilizer formed by poly-phosphate, boride and alkalimetal silicate.

Description

The high temperature lubricant of used in chipless-hot working of metals
The present invention relates to a kind of high temperature lubricant of used in chipless-hot working of metals, comprise a kind of solid lubricant and a kind of no residue organism that decomposes generation.
No. 596294 described high temperature lubricants of known swiss patent specification are by graphite, alkylene polymkeric substance or alkyl mixed polymer, and emulsifying agent is formed.Used polymkeric substance adds at metal and all burnouts man-hour in this lubricant, does not have residue.Can think that thus polymkeric substance is decomposed into gaseous product then by the fusing beginning, produces lubrication.
Prospectus No. 2430249 described hot worked high temperature lubricants of metal that are used in Germany are based on phosphoric acid salt-borate-glass, the slip additive that can burn and organism instant and that can decompose fully.
As everyone knows, the lubricating efficiency of these lubricants itself is good, and when still being used for high temperature, particularly use and temperature are higher than 350 ℃ and especially are higher than 600 ℃ on machining tool or workpiece, can see that its shown lubricating efficiency lowers greatly.
The product of the additive of being made up of alkaline phosphorus borate melts, its another shortcoming is the wettability extreme difference to heating surface.In order to overcome this shortcoming, need come stable lubricants to disperse with silicic acid.But silicic acid itself can bring disadvantageous effect to lubricated and machining tool life-span again.Task of the present invention provides a kind of high temperature lubricant, and it does not have above-mentioned shortcoming, and can form complete and highly effective lubricant film when temperature surpasses 600 ℃.
The invention solves the task of the described high temperature lubricant of claim 1.Form by a kind of mixture inorganic additives, its suitable composition (representing): boride (0.2%～25%), poly-phosphate (0.2%～98.8%), alkalimetal silicate (1%～99.6%) with weight percentage.
The poly-phosphate of the most handy insoluble or insoluble.What at first can be used as poly-phosphate has horse De Leiershi salt (Madrell ' sche Salze), a Kurrol's salt (Kurrol ' sche Salze).Wherein relate to (NaPO 3) nCompounds, n is 6～5000, is mainly 6～10000.
The boride that can be employed is a solubility, but preferential adopted boride is an insoluble or insoluble.
Such as borax, boric acid, B 2O 3, KB 5O 2, 4H 2O or zinc borate all can be used as boride and use.
Preferably the alkali silicate of Cai Yonging is to contain 21%～47%SiO 2Water glass or potassium silicate.
Wetting in view of on heating surface, especially on the machining tool surface and (or) temperature on the workpiece surface is higher than 350 ℃ of high temperature lubricants when particularly being higher than 600 ℃ and forms problems such as uniform thin film, preferably adopts above-mentioned insoluble or insoluble chemical compound.
The ratio of each component is as follows: (weight percent)
Solid lubricant 1～90%
The organism 1～50% that under hot conditions, can decompose fully.
Inorganic additives 1～80% of the present invention,
Organic stabilizer 0.2～80%,
What can preferentially be adopted among the present invention is the organism that can decompose fully, when temperature is less than 350 ℃ when as lubricant, its maximum level is the 50%(weight percentage), temperature be 600 ℃ or when being higher than 600 ℃, its content is decremented to the 5%(weight percentage by the linear relationship maximum).
Therefore, the typical lubricants when being used for temperature and being 350 ℃, its contained component is respectively: (weight percentage)
Solid lubricant 40～90%,
Organism 10～50%,
Inorganic additives 0.2～5%,
Organic stabilizer 0.2～5%,
Be used for high temperature and be 600 ℃ or the lubricant when being higher than 600 ℃, its suitable component is: (weight percentage)
Solid lubricant 10～90%,
Organism 1～15%,
Inorganic additives 10～80%,
Organic stabilizer 0.2～4%,
Solid lubricant can adopt graphite, MoS 2(molybdenumdisulphide), CaF 2Or BN.
The works very well of graphite in the solid lubricant.Preferably adopt highly purifiedly in many graphite, more than 96%, granular size on average is no more than 300 microns graphite such as purity.Adopting purity is 99.5%, and granular size on average is no more than 100 microns graphite can obtain best effect.
The organism that in high temperature, decomposes fully, for example alkylene homopolymer or alkylene interpolymer, the homopolymer that the aryl alkenes is arranged and the interpolymer that wherein can adopt, α, β-unsaturation acid and ester, beta, gamma-unsaturation acid and ester, alkenes, (mono-olefin), (diolefins etc.), ethene aldehydo-ester, vinyl alcohol, unsaturation two anacidities and ester (dicarboxylic acid and ester), alkane ester, no naphthenic acid and ester.
Desaturation homopolymer or alkylene interpolymer also can be polyethylene, the polyoxymethylene methyl acrylate, polystyrene, polyhutadiene, polyvinyl acetate (PVA), polyvinyl proprionate, the interpolymer of forming by methyl methacrylate and vinylbenzene, by methyl methacrylate and 2-formaldehyde vinylbenzene, poly-two propylene phthalic esters, the interpolymer that polypropylene is formed, by vinylbenzene and divinyl, the interpolymer that poly-formaldehyde methyl acrylate is formed, the interpolymer of forming by vinyl acetate and butyl ethyl malonate, the interpolymer of forming by vinyl acetate, ethene, polyisobutene.
These polymers can use separately, also can mix use mutually.
High temperature lubricant can also comprise other a series of additives, and littleization active substances and wetting agent are wherein arranged.
The outstanding advantage of high temperature lubricant of the present invention is that the silicon oxide that does not contain fully under normal conditions with high dispersing forms the silicic acid that exists, and when forming high temperature lubricant, must work as used as stabilizers to the poly-phosphate that contains, silicic acid itself is not welcome, because they can bring disadvantageous effect to lubricant effect and machining tool life-span.
In known prescription, replace silicic acid with fiber wheat or saccharan and be not resolved with the problem of stablizing high temperature lubricant.This class mixture tends to cohesion in aqeous suspension, thereby can not use.The present invention is the mixing by inorganic additives, and the method that adds organic stabilizer again overcomes above-mentioned these shortcomings.
It is 5～50% aqeous suspension that high temperature lubricant of the present invention should be used for weight percentage.In the time of 10～30 ℃, the appropriate viscosity of aqeous suspension is 500～15000 centipoises.
In order to reach the viscosity of required aqeous suspension, contained organic stabilizer may be much of that in the high temperature lubricant, but also can control viscosity with condensing agent or condensation by mixing agent.In many suitable condensing agents, what be suitable for has: water-soluble saccharan, and alkylcellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, the polypropylene acid esters, perhaps polyvinylpyrrolidone also has mineral, as clay.
As mentioned above, high temperature lubricant normally uses with the aqeous suspension form.Can the aqeous suspension brushing on the machining tool and (or) on the processed workpiece, temperature may reach more than 100～900 ℃.During contact heat surperficial, water evaporates forms the layer of even film.
If use a kind of aqeous suspension can not reach requirement, then can use Powdered high temperature lubricant, such as machining tool and (or) spill Powdered high temperature lubricant on the workpiece, perhaps with machining tool and (or) workpiece rolls in Powdered high temperature lubricant or draws.
High temperature lubricant of the present invention is particularly useful for 600 ℃ or be higher than 600 ℃ temperature.Stablizing of the high-temperature stability of lubricant, particularly lubricant film mainly is to obtain with the many inorganic additivess of content.
When adopting so-called multitube milling train, also be multimachine frame continuous mill (6～8 row frame), Pierre's form milling train, so-called A Saier milling train and hose machine, the rod-type extrusion machine, when the upset extrusion machine carried out high temperature deformation, high temperature lubricant of the present invention was suitable in lubricated aforesaid device such as the top, mandrel stem or press mold equipressure machining tool and such as workpiece such as pipe or pipes.Above-mentioned multitube milling train relates to roll housing, and three garden tubular rolls are rolling with 120 ° of staggered axis often on pipe, and the top is driven by an independent axle.
Embodiment 1:
High temperature lubricant is to be that 70 water and weight percentage are that 30 effectively lubricating composition is made by weight percentage, the consisting of of effectively lubricating composition:
The crystal form graphite of purity 96%, weight percentage are 54,
Insoluble sodium-metaphosphate (horse De Leiershi salt), weight percentage is 11,
Borax, weight percentage are 5,
(mole ratio is 3.3 water glass SiO to water glass 2/ Na 2O=3.3), weight percentage is 10,
Powdery polyethylene (measuring its melt index according to the ASTM D 1238-73 T method of American Society for testing and materials is 70 grams/10 minutes).Weight percentage is 18.
Alkylcellulose, weight percentage are 2.
At 20 ℃, the viscosity that adopts Epprecht viscometer (nach Eppreehfmif einem Rh ' eomaf15der Confraves) to measure high temperature lubricant is 1900 centipoises.This prescription is on continuous mill or Pierre's form pilger mill, and is under the condition of 20～250 ℃ low use temperature, functional.
The available spraying plant of above-mentioned prescription is sprayed onto on the machining tool (as the top).Frictional coefficient is 0.037.
Embodiment 2:
The high temperature lubricant weight percentage is that 70 aqeous suspension is made, and its effectively lubricating composition is by the described prescription of claim 1, but is 5 zinc borate replacement borax with weight percentage.
High temperature lubricant is in the time of 20 ℃, and viscosity is 2600 centipoises.
High temperature lubricant is under 20～250 ℃ in use temperature, when being used for continuous mill or Pierre's form pilger mill, can improve the water tolerance and the adhesivity of coating.Frictional coefficient is 0.030.
Embodiment 3:
Being used for 400～900 ℃ high temperature lubricant, is that 70 aqeous suspension is made by weight percentage, and effectively lubricating agent composition is:
Crystalloid graphite, weight percentage are 62,
Sodium-metaphosphate (horse De Leiershi salt), weight percentage is 16,
Borax, weight percentage are 10,
Water glass, weight percentage are 10,
Alkylcellulose, weight percentage are 2.
In the time of 20 ℃, viscosity is 1600 centipoises.
When tool temperature is 400～900 ℃, high temperature lubricant is ejected on the instrument, form uniform lubricant film.In the workpiece process, can see that the rule of roll housing power consumption changes, thus the friction condition that obtains suiting,
Frictional coefficient is 0.043.
Embodiment 4:
Press the prescription manufacturing of embodiment 3, but replace borax with the zinc borate of same quantity.
In the time of 20 ℃, viscosity is 2100 centipoises.
This prescription can further improve the adhesivity of machining tool.
Frictional coefficient is 0.030.

Claims (14)

1, the high temperature lubricant of used in chipless-hot working of metals comprise a kind of solid lubricant and a kind of in high temperature decomposable no residue organism, it is a kind of by insoluble or insoluble poly-phosphate to it is characterized in that this lubricant also has, boride, alkalimetal silicate mixes inorganic additives and a kind of organic stabilizer of forming.
2, according to the high temperature lubricant of claim 1, it is characterized in that inorganic additives is to be respectively 0.2～25 boride by weight percentage, 0.2～98.8 poly-phosphate and 1～99.6 alkalimetal silicate mix to be formed.
3,, it is characterized in that used poly-phosphate is insoluble or insoluble according to the high temperature lubricant of claim 1 and 2.
4,, it is characterized in that used poly-phosphate is horse De Leiershi salt (Madrell ' seheSahe) or a Kurrol's salt (Kurrol ' sche Salze) according to the high temperature lubricant of claim 1 to 3.
5,, it is characterized in that used boride is an insoluble according to the high temperature lubricant of claim 1 to 4.
6,, it is characterized in that used boride is a borax, boric acid, B according to the high temperature lubricant of claim 1 to 5 2O 3, KB 5O 2, 4H 2O or zinc borate, they can be used alone, but also also mix together.
7,, it is characterized in that used alkalimetal silicate is to contain 21～47%SiO according to the high temperature lubricant of claim 1 to 6 2Water glass or potassium silicate.
8, according to the high temperature lubricant of claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that used organic stabilizer is a polyvinyl acetate (PVA), polyvinyl alcohol, saccharan, poly-vinyl butyrate, polyvinyl butyral acetal, polyacrylic ester, poly-third ethene and Mierocrystalline cellulose, they can use separately, also can mix use mutually.
9,, it is characterized in that in the used Mierocrystalline cellulose that preferential what use is alkylcellulose according to the high temperature lubricant of claim 1 to 8.
10, according to the high temperature lubricant of claim 1 to 9, it is characterized in that in the solid lubricant that this lubricant contains, what preferentially use is graphite, its weight percentage is 1～90, the organic weight percentage of decomposable no residue is 1～50, the weight percentage of inorganic additives is 1～80, and the weight percentage of organic stabilizer is 0.2～80.
11,, it is characterized in that it is 5～50 that this lubricant contains weight percentage in aqeous suspension according to the high temperature lubricant of claim 1 to 10.
12, according to the high temperature lubricant of claim 1 to 11, the aqeous suspension that it is characterized in that this lubricant is in the time of 10～30 ℃, and viscosity is 500～15000 centipoises.
13, according to the high temperature lubricant of claim 1 to 12, it is characterized in that the contained decomposable no residue organism of this lubricant, when temperature is used below 350 ℃, its maximum weight percentage ratio is 50, when temperature is higher than 600 ℃ of uses, its content successively decreases by linear relationship, and maximum is decremented to the 5%(weight percentage).
14, according to the high temperature lubricant of claim 1 to 13, when it is characterized in that producing weldless steel tube in 400～1100 ℃ of temperature ranges, said high temperature lubricant can be used for lubricated mandrel stem.
CN198585103499A 1984-05-30 1985-04-29 The high temperature lubricant of used in chipless-hot working of metals Pending CN85103499A (en)

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CN114703011A (en) * 2021-11-11 2022-07-05 西峡县三胜新材料有限公司 Preparation and application methods of inorganic base high-temperature lubricant for high-temperature core rod of push bench
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SU1395145A3 (en) 1988-05-07
HUT38121A (en) 1986-04-28
RO92319B (en) 1987-12-01
ZA853630B (en) 1985-12-24
CS251787B2 (en) 1987-08-13
DD233379A5 (en) 1986-02-26
EP0164637A1 (en) 1985-12-18
CS386285A2 (en) 1986-12-18
PL142820B1 (en) 1987-12-31
RO92319A (en) 1987-11-30
JPS612797A (en) 1986-01-08
CH660023A5 (en) 1987-03-13
PL253665A1 (en) 1986-02-25

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