CN85102895A - Ship for icy seas - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of ship that is suitable in the marine navigation of ice comprises that one is assembled in the nozzle on the ship hull plate, and one sucks seawater and seawater is entered marine pump from nozzle from bilge inlet.A temperature booster adds hot sea water in order to be discharged at seawater before marine between pump and nozzle.The seawater of discharging forms a water layer between shell and floating ice, thereby reduces underway friction, also plays the effect that floating ice is pushed away by force hull.

Description

Ship for icy seas

The present invention relates to can be under low friction drag, comprises icebreaker at the boats and ships of the many ice or the marine navigation of freezing.

Meet obstructions in the process that the boats and ships of described type navigate by water in the marine environment of icing or freezing more.These resistances are because the friction force between the required power that opens ice, friction force that usually navigation produces in seawater and hull and the ice that has been broken produces.For the merchant ship that navigates by water in the water of the many ice that opened ice, the friction force of the piece that opens ice is maximum in above-mentioned three kinds of power.

Relevant for the proposal of eliminating the collision resistance between solid friction resistance or ice and the hull, promptly adopt the way that forms a stream layer on the shell surface in the prior art, make hull only run into the resistance of fluid rather than a kind of resistance of solid property.

Total resistance that the term of voyage hull is run into reduces.For example, publication number is that the specification sheets of the practical new case application of Japan of 54-58793 has disclosed a kind of structure, and a hot water tank wherein is housed on the hull bottom, is used for making the berg surface that contacts with shell to melt.Publication number is that the specification sheets of the Japanese patent application of 54-58793 has been described a kind of structure, and wherein pressurized air pushes away the side from the ejection of shipboard bottom with ice cube, makes on shell, promptly between ship and ice, forms a sea water layer.

Above-mentioned application results from the friction of solid (being ice cube) by elimination and handles friction problem, so just the resistance of remaining fluid only.Yet preceding a kind of structure adopts stationary device to melt ice cube, so need to consume a large amount of heat energy, also needs along whole shipboard the hot water tank to be installed, and this will influence available space, can represent this shortcoming with limiting this speech.Latter approach depends on air, and its amount is little, for this cause, in order to arrange the ice of bulk from shipboard, just must spray a large amount of pressurized airs, and this needs a large amount of compressors.

An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of boats and ships, comprise icebreaker in the marine navigation of freezing.This ship, is pushed the ice cube of profile open and is formed a sea water layer that surrounds whole profile, thereby the resistance when navigating by water is obviously descended by a kind of simple structure in a kind of mode efficiently.

The present invention achieves the above object at the sea going boats and ships of ice by providing a kind of.The hull of this ship comprises: an outside plate that the end of sea intake is arranged and constitute the hull side; One is assembled in the nozzle in the outside plate; A pump that connects sea intake and nozzle is in order to suck seawater and enter marine from nozzle from water inlet.Because the seawer quality of draining is very big, just effectively glacon is pushed open from shipboard.The seawater of discharging forms a sea water layer without any tangible stretching, extension or diffuse fluid along the hull side, therefore make the resistance that runs in the ship's navigation be limited to the resistance of fluid, and its numerical value significantly reduces.

In a perfect embodiment of the present invention, a temperature booster is connected between pump and the nozzle, is used for heating the seawater that is sucked by pump, and used thermal source is positioned at boats and ships inside.Jia Re seawater is discharged to melt the surface of any icing material that contacts with hull by nozzle like this, forms one deck sea water layer thus at an easy rate along the hull side.Thermal source can be the high temperature discharge water that is obtained by the marine engine cooling, or the steam that receives the ship boiler under High Temperature High Pressure.This makes and adopts a temperature booster to become possibility, and this temperature booster relies on the heat energy or the utilization of the surplus of high temperature discharge water thermal source to circulate enough from the part that steam obtains.Final result is effective utilization of energy and comprehensive minimizing of system dimension.

Nozzle can be contained in below the sea and direction makes progress, and the seawater of Pai Chuing will rise along profile thus, forms an actv. sea water layer.According to the type of adorning in board thermal source, seawater can be discharged by nozzle with the form of hot sea water or with the form of steam.The seawater of discharging with vapor form can warm near the seawater the nozzle by direct contact, discharges hot sea water from nozzle and also obtains same effect.One group of additional nozzle can be installed in the position of above tide on outside plate, and is configured to point to the sea, pushes the effect of swimming thereby strengthen open from shipboard.The seawater of discharging from this group nozzle does not need heating.

Be lower than in the outboard plate one group of nozzle that is used for discharging to stern seawater also can be installed on the position on sea.This structure will make the mobile backward friction drag that also reduces widely between shell and seawater of floating ice.If have below the sea such arrangement towards above nozzle to produce one shunting towards stern, then effect is almost in opposite directions.

Other features and advantages of the present invention will embody from the explanation that following connection with figures is done.Identical reference symbol shows same or similar part in its whole features in the accompanying drawing.

Brief description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall lateral plan of hull that embodies the present invention's boats and ships.

Fig. 2 is the cutaway view of Fig. 1 along the A-A line.

Fig. 3 is the sketch of one of general structure of temperature booster drawn in the presentation graphs 2 example.

Fig. 4 is another routine sketch of the general structure of temperature booster in the presentation graphs 2.

The explanation of most preferred embodiment

Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show according to general concrete ship of the present invention.The hull of this ship comprises the end that sea intake 1 is housed.Pump 2 links to each other with water inlet 1, so that suck seawater.This pump further is connected to downward last nozzle 73 with a prescription with temperature booster 3.

Temperature booster 3 relies on the seawater of thermal source heating by water inlet 1 suction.In the example of Fig. 3, thermal source is the high temperature discharge water that is obtained by the cooling marine engine.Temperature booster 3 links to each other with pipe 4, pipe 5, pipe 6.The other end of pipe 4 connects pump 2, and pipe 5 is used to introduce the high temperature discharge water, and the other end of pipe 6 connects nozzle 71 and one group of backflow nozzle 72 under one group.Among Fig. 3, temperature booster 3 is expressed as a chamber, and the effect of leaning on pump 2 in order to mixing is via the seawater of pipe 4 receptions with via the high temperature discharge waters of managing 5 receptions.Will mention below, under the effect of pump 2, the hot mixt of seawater and high temperature discharge water is delivered to nozzle 71,72 via pipe 6.

Be the occasion of the high temperature and high pressure steam that obtained by ship boiler at thermal source, shown in Fig. 4 embodiment, temperature booster 3 is a chamber, and its inside holds the pipe 5 of one section transmission steam.In Fig. 3, temperature booster 3 links to each other with pipe 4, pipe 6.Pipe 4 the other end connects pump 2, and pipe 6 links to each other with nozzle 71,72.From the steam process pipe 5 of boiler, pipe 5 guiding steam are by the chamber of temperature booster 3.Vapour cycle is got back to boiler then.Pump 2 sucks seawater from water inlet, and sends it the chamber of temperature booster 3 to via pipe 4.The heat that steam had is passed to seawater in the temperature booster Room 3 by managing 5 wall, and then, seawater is with the form of hot sea water or steam nozzle 71 and backflow nozzle 72 under importing one group by pipe 6 under the effect of pump 2.

Above-mentioned nozzle the 71,72, the 73rd is made in the outside plate that constitutes profile.Optimal cases as shown in Figure 2 receives from the hot sea water of temperature booster 3 or the following nozzle 71 of steam via pipe 6, is contained near the hull bottom, is directed upwards towards the sea, so that form direction towards the warm sea water layer of the one deck on sea along profile.Receive backflow nozzle group 72 from the hot sea water of temperature booster 3 or steam via pipe 6 and be contained in below the sea, be suitable for spraying hot sea water or steam to stern shortly past the place on sea.In the outside plate of profile, nozzle group 73 is installed in the position that the sea is above.This group nozzle points to the sea downwards, so that glacon is pushed away hull.In order to reach this purpose, last nozzle 73 directly links to each other with pump 2 by pipe, so that the seawater ejection of being brought up by pump is gone.Should be noted that nozzle 73 can link to each other with pipe 6, sprays hot water like that so that resemble nozzle 71,72.Following nozzle 71, position, distribution, number and the injection pressure of backflow nozzle 72 and last nozzle 73, preferably according in the ship's navigation process because the existence of ice is used for the distribution of the friction force of shell selectes.

When ice sea-freight row, seawater forms the sea water layer that one deck direction makes progress from nozzle 71 discharges down along profile, simultaneously glacon is pushed away hull.In case of necessity, seawater also sprays to the sea from last nozzle 73, and floating ice is pushed open from profile.Nozzle 71,73 concerted action so up and down is so that more effectively form a water layer between hull and ice on every side.By discharging seawater simultaneously, can further reduce the resistance that hull is met when the ice Hainan Airlines are capable from backflow nozzle 72.In addition, as mentioned above,, therefore between hull and ice on every side, can form a water layer in a kind of very effective mode because the seawater that nozzle 71,72,73 is discharged can be heated or be transformed into steam by temperature booster.

Because the present invention can be made on many surfaces the identical concrete form of size and not break away from its spirit and scope, therefore, except claim in defined, the present invention should be understood to be not limited to special embodiment.

Claims (7)

1, a kind of boats and ships that are suitable in the marine navigation of ice comprise:

A shell, it comprises an outside plate that has the end of sea intake and constitute profile.

One is assembled in the nozzle in the outside plate; With

A pump that links to each other with described nozzle with sea intake is in order to suck seawater and to enter seawater marine from nozzle from sea intake.

2, according to the ship of claim 1, further comprise a temperature booster between described pump and described nozzle, in order to enter at described nozzle marine before the seawater that sucks by described pump of heating.

3, in the ship according to claim 1 or claim 2, described nozzle is positioned under the sea, and direction makes progress, towards the sea.

4, in the ship according to claim 1, described nozzle, first configuration set is under the sea, and direction makes progress, towards the sea; Second configuration set is directed downwards under the sea, towards the sea.

5, in the ship according to claim 1 or claim 2, some described nozzles are configured under the sea and towards stern.

6, in the ship according to claim 2, described temperature booster is suitable for seawater is heated to higher temperature.

7, in the ship according to claim 2, described temperature booster is suitable for adding hot sea water and changes it into steam.

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