CN85101539A - Building unit - Google Patents
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- CN85101539A CN85101539A CN198585101539A CN85101539A CN85101539A CN 85101539 A CN85101539 A CN 85101539A CN 198585101539 A CN198585101539 A CN 198585101539A CN 85101539 A CN85101539 A CN 85101539A CN 85101539 A CN85101539 A CN 85101539A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- insulation materials
- building unit
- concrete
- foam
- outer casing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
- Y02A30/244—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation using natural or recycled building materials, e.g. straw, wool, clay or used tires
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Abstract
The main body of building unit comprises outer casing part, internal framework and be full of the insulation materials of member intracavity space.Insulation materials is most will to be liquid slip and to insert with the mode of injecting, so on the wall of outer casing part and internal framework, have fracture and opening at different parts, in order to the inflow of slurry.Internal framework has difformity, and the material category of all each several parts is a lot.
Description
The present invention is the technology of relevant building unit, the hollow unit of clay after particularly relevant general heavy concrete, light weight concrete construction or the roasting, member has one or more outer casing parts, these parts with or comprise the internal framework that partly links to each other with outer casing, framework has an opening at least on a position, certain of member adjacent wall a bit disconnects, space between internal framework and the outer casing part has been full of insulation materials, with regard to a wall of forming, outside or inner surface is preferably with air duct.
Hollow building unit with height heat insulation capacity, at F1506554, AT341927,352602 and patent description such as AT354700 in, introduced with various forms.These hollow units comprise all organic foam materials, these materials or come across within the member with the form of precast slab, or inject with the form of froth bed between the concrete part of member shell.The connection of concrete member, ways such as cam or groove and tongue join reach by slotting, making.
AT370,166 have introduced a kind of hollow unit, wherein speak of, and after building up a wall, foamed insulation material is to be injected by the aperture on the outer vertically wall of member, can accomplish that foam feeds adjacent cavity.But,, be to be difficult to determine whether foam has been full of these adjacent cavitys with the inseparable shortcoming of this way.
The practice explanation, this class A of geometric unitA not only has some the unfavorable character that causes because of high diffusional resistance, and the contraction of aging synthetic unavoidably, and it can be lax because of the connection between concrete member and the introducing thing.And making the shell of member seriously unstable, final result is that insulating capacity descends.And, the toxic gas that also should be taken into account the danger that causes fire and be heated and produce because of insulation materials.This can cause that official stops or this class material is used in restriction.At last, using the wall that builds up by this member or processing in the above or during what work, also can feel some elasticity decline of insulation materials of introducing.
Therefore, purpose of the present invention is a kind of new hollow building unit of development, fills there not to be the Insulating Materials of above-mentioned harmful shortcoming.
This purpose, roughly can realize as follows, be exactly in the hollow unit of above-mentioned pattern, make the surface of the inner surface and the internal framework of member, have the surface porosity of macrovision hole to micropore, way is to sneak into the additive that is particle in the material of member, or make suitable shape, like this, between insulation materials and member itself, just can obtain close binding.In the usual way, insulation materials is an inorganic material, the internal framework of member preferably be hook-shaped and (or) staggered web.
Insulation materials is foam concrete mixture, foam silica concrete preferably, or gas concrete, in case of necessity, give the fine granularity additive that adds a little crushed crude pearlites, air blowing clay, air blowing shale, zeolite, vermiculite, slag, glass or ore cotton wool and so in the construction material.
The inorganic matter that can solidify and harden under hydraulic pressure can be used as cementing agent, perhaps uses carbonate, sulfate, phosphate or the silicate of portland cement, quick hardening cement, lime, slaked lime, gypsum, alkaline phosphate or silicate of soda and so on.
According to another characteristics of the present invention, in insulation materials, sneak into inorganic or organic, the synthetic or natural fiber of classes such as glass fiber, rock wool, artificial fiber, wool fibre, reed, rice stalk, rice husk, can improve the tensile strength of member.
Opening on the hollow unit adjacent wall or fracture can be filled out with insulation materials such as glass fiber or mineral wool, polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam or urea foams, or above-mentioned insulation materials.
The manufacturing of member is preferably undertaken by following mode: with regard to many parts hollow unit, the partitioned portion that each is prefabricated is settled in position, so just can form so-called separation, then, build from the outside with a plate or similar product, perhaps put insulation materials in this position in the position of separating, subsequently, with a metering nozzle,, reach the top edge of member up to insulation materials with the liquid insulating material injected hole.In this step, the charge level of material is controlled by a sensor, and when reaching predetermined charge level, material feeding and batching promptly stop.After insulation materials is fixing, can remove above-mentioned block of plate (or other used products).
Sensor can be a kind of electronic humidity sensing element, or promotes the float of electric contact.
Because the component inside framework has the fracture than short slightly one section of member height, thus each neutral gear or cavity communicate with each other, this some explanation, insulation materials only needs to inject at a point, just can expand to the inside of whole member.The denseness of material to select the degree of mobilization of intimate liquid concrete, and keep and can carry with pump.
Self-evident, a member, once injection and a nozzle are just enough, have so just simplified operating performance in the nature of things.
Outside casing part and internal framework can be made according to a conventional method.
Lift several examples below, and describe the present invention in detail with reference to accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1, hollow unit plan view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 presses the profile of Fig. 1 II-II line cutting.
Fig. 3, the vertical view of another member.
Fig. 4 presses the profile of Fig. 3 IV-IV line cutting.
Fig. 5, the vertical view of the third member.
Fig. 6 is along the profile of Fig. 5 VI-VI line cutting.
Fig. 7, another kind of component diagram.
Fig. 8 is along the profile of Fig. 7 VIII-VIII line cutting.
Fig. 9, another kind of component diagram of the present invention.
Figure 10 is along the profile of Fig. 9 X-X line cutting.
Figure 11, a kind of member plan view of the present invention.
Figure 12 is along the profile of Figure 11 XII-XII line cutting.
Figure 13, the plan view of another kind of member.
Figure 14 is along the profile of Figure 13 X IV-X IV line cutting.
Figure 15, the plan view of another kind of pattern member.
Figure 16 is along the profile of Figure 15 X VI-X VI line cutting.
Figure 17, component diagram of the present invention.
Figure 18 is along the profile of Figure 17 X VIII-X VIII line cutting.
Figure 19, the arrangement diagram of filling device.
Numeral 1 indicates the first outer casing part among the figure, and numeral 2 indicates the second outer casing part, and both lump together, the outermost package body of member of formation.At end wall 3 places, a fracture 4 is arranged.The internal framework 5 that is four hooks begins (see figure 2) from wall 3.By the formed hollow space of the first and second outer casing parts, comprise fracture 4, all use insulation materials 6 to fill up.In order to reach this purpose, during beginning, plate of fracture 4 usefulness or similar product cover, and after the material sclerosis to be inserted, the piece plate can be removed.In Fig. 3, framework is the web that interlocks, with outer casing part 1 link to each other with part 2 (Fig. 4).In this example, the insulation materials of glass fiber of middle part fracture 4 usefulness, mineral wool hair, polystyrene foam, phenol resin foam or urea foam and so on is blocked.In Fig. 5, fracture 4 is directly adjacent to outer casing part 1, also blocks with insulation materials.From Fig. 5 and 6 as can be seen, part 1 and 2 is to be coupled together by the internal framework 5 that is hook.
In the example of Fig. 7 and 8, outer casing part 1 and 2 is connected with the internal framework 5 that is hook, and fracture 4 is on the axis of member, also as in the above-mentioned example, blocks with insulation materials.
In the member of Fig. 9 and 10, form the web of square body, formed internal framework 5, and linked to each other with 2 with outer casing part 1.Each ingredient of web has an opening 7, and opening edge up.From fracture 4 bridge is arranged, link to each other with square body 5.
In the member of Figure 11 and 12, internal framework 7 is the garden tubular, is linked to each other with 2 with two outer casing parts 1 by short web.Has air cavity 8 on the outer casing.
Figure 13 and 14 is represented a kind of member, and the outer casing part 1 and 2 comprising air cavity 8 has an internal framework, and it is configured as one and follows the bridge that diagonal stretches, and the height of bridge makes its space of staying out sky Swing Swing up and down (Figure 14).
Figure 15 and 16 expressions and the similar member of Fig. 9, but four webs wherein are arc, opening 7 is in the below of web.
In the member of Figure 17 and 18, traverse the web of member and formed internal framework 5.There is an opening 7 at the web middle part.Fracture 4 usefulness insulation materials 6 are blocked.
Look at Figure 19 now again, a container 9 is wherein arranged, contain liquid insulating material.At container bottom, neatly and cleanly arranging three holes, be furnished with dosing pump 10.Below pump 10, adjusting device 11 is arranged, be used to measure nozzle 12.Also have three sensors 13, reach the top edge of member 14 always downwards.One switch enclosure 15 is arranged, by the drive unit of conductor (not showing among the figure) with sensor 13 and pump 10, and adjusting device 11 continuous (latter's startup method is pneumatic or electronic).
The filling material and can carry out as follows of member: half position, the left and right sides that at first nozzle is lowered to member height.Beginning spray material by adjusting device 11, slowly improves nozzle immediately, when sensor stops to fill material by cutting off the drive unit circuit, just stops material feeding at the highest charge level place of filling.Then, nozzle is improved slightly, transfer to the next one and fill the material station with being about to container 9.
The nozzle of any number can be set, so just can give good several member material feedings simultaneously that may be different.In order to reach this purpose, the height of sensor 13 can be transferred to the member that is fit to vary in size.
Fill the material facility layout by the present invention's employing, make conventional measuring vessel, the switch of lid, and remove excessive filling and expect to become unnecessary thing fully with similar work.Simultaneously, the loss and the waste of material have also been avoided.
New structural member can be done " breathing ", is to make with artificial method, and freezing, hot summer weather and mechanical stress are not all had influence, is high-insulation, and can sustains load.For illustrate thick 30 centimeters, do not whitewash, on dry, the wall after building up 28 days, the physical property that new structural member showed, examination is a card with some examples:
Example 1
Outer casing part and density (g/Cm
3) 2.00
Heavy concrete frame safe pressure (N/mm
2) 30.00
Conduction of heat (W/mk) 1.40
Be added with the density (g/Cm of crushed crude pearlite
3) 0.24
Foam concrete insulation safety pressure (N/mm
2) 0.40
Piece material conduction of heat (W/mk) 0.048
Integrated member is (to total safe pressure (N/mm
2) 4.30
The average on surface) heat is by (W/m
2℃) 0.33
To diffusional resistance (u) 8
Example 2
Outer casing part and heavy density (g/Cm
3) 1.30
Matter concrete frame safe pressure (N/mm
2) 16.00
Conduction of heat (W/mk) 1.40
Be added with the density (g/Cm of crushed crude pearlite
3) 0.30
Foam concrete insulation safety pressure (N/mm
2) 0.70
Piece material conduction of heat (W/mk) 0.66
Integrated member is (to safe pressure (N/mm
2) 3.90
The average of total surface) heat is by (W/m
2℃) 0.30
To diffusional resistance (u) 5
Example 3
Outer casing part and heavy density (g/Cm
3) 1.35
Matter concrete frame safe pressure (N/mm
2) 17.00
Conduction of heat (W/mk) 0.50
Be added with the density (g/Cm of crushed crude pearlite
3) 0.32
Foam concrete insulation safety pressure (N/mm
2) 0.80
Piece material conduction of heat (W/mk) 0.069
Integrated member is (to total safe pressure (N/mm
2) 4.50
Surface average) heat is by (W/m
2℃) 0.30
Resistance (u) 5 to diffusion
Claims (9)
1, building unit, particularly general heavy concrete, the hollow unit of clay after light weight concrete construction or the roasting, member has one or more outer casing parts, these parts with or comprise the internal framework that partly links to each other with outer casing, framework has an opening at least on a position, certain of adjacent wall a bit disconnects in the member, said framework and said outside space between the casing part, filled up insulation materials, with regard to a wall of forming, externally or inner surface preferably it is characterized in that with air duct, the inner surface of member and the surface of internal framework will make it have the degree of porosity of macropore to micropore, and this can perhaps make suitable shape by sneak into the additive that is particle in the material of member, like this, between insulation materials and member itself, just can obtain close connection, in the usual way, insulation materials is an inorganic material, the internal framework of member be preferably made hook-type and (or) staggered web.
2, building unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that, insulation materials is the foam concrete mixture, foam silica concrete or gas concrete.
3, building unit according to claim 2 is characterized in that, insulation materials contains fine granularity additives such as crushed crude pearlite, air blowing clay, air blowing shale, zeolite, vermiculite, slag, glass or k mineral cotton wool.
4, according to claim 2 and 3 described building units, it is characterized in that, it is inorganic to add some in insulation materials, the material cementing agent that under waterpower, can harden, portland cement for example, materials such as carbonate containings such as quick hardening cement, lime, slaked lime, gypsum, alkaline phosphate or silicate of soda, sulfate, phosphate or silicate.
5, according to the described building unit of claim 1～2, it is characterized in that, in insulation materials, can add additives such as liquefier, degree of porosity agent, aerogenesis batch mixing and curing accelerator.
6, according to the described building unit of claim 1～2, it is characterized in that, in insulation materials, can sneak into inorganic or organic, synthetic or natural fiber, for example, glass fiber, ore cotton wool, artificial fiber, hair matter fiber, reed, rice stalk, rice husk etc.
7, building unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that, fracture is with glass or mineral fibers, hard polyethylene, polyoxy Ethyl formate foam, or insulation materials such as urea foam stops up.
8, building unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that, fracture can be used filling insulating material.
9, building unit is basically as the top explanation of being done with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN198585101539A CN85101539A (en) | 1985-04-01 | 1985-04-01 | Building unit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN198585101539A CN85101539A (en) | 1985-04-01 | 1985-04-01 | Building unit |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN85101539A true CN85101539A (en) | 1986-10-29 |
Family
ID=4791903
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN198585101539A Pending CN85101539A (en) | 1985-04-01 | 1985-04-01 | Building unit |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN85101539A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105829620A (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2016-08-03 | 约翰·普雷斯顿 | Modular building construction using composite interconnected frame panels |
| CN107829517A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-03-23 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of external wall brick based on blade biomimetic features, its application and lay the dust and subtract haze method |
| CN109898639A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-06-18 | 泰州市康泰建材科技有限公司 | A kind of wavy high rigidity Anti-seismic foam concrete |
-
1985
- 1985-04-01 CN CN198585101539A patent/CN85101539A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105829620A (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2016-08-03 | 约翰·普雷斯顿 | Modular building construction using composite interconnected frame panels |
| CN105829620B (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2019-02-15 | 约翰·普雷斯顿 | Use the modular architectural construction of composite interconnection framework panel |
| CN107829517A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-03-23 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of external wall brick based on blade biomimetic features, its application and lay the dust and subtract haze method |
| CN107829517B (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2019-07-16 | 昆明理工大学 | It a kind of external wall brick based on blade biomimetic features, its application and lays the dust and subtracts haze method |
| CN109898639A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-06-18 | 泰州市康泰建材科技有限公司 | A kind of wavy high rigidity Anti-seismic foam concrete |
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| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |