CN2892548Y - Fuel battery and energy-saving device mixed power system capable of fast charging and fast discharging - Google Patents
Fuel battery and energy-saving device mixed power system capable of fast charging and fast discharging Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN2892548Y CN2892548Y CNU2005200447030U CN200520044703U CN2892548Y CN 2892548 Y CN2892548 Y CN 2892548Y CN U2005200447030 U CNU2005200447030 U CN U2005200447030U CN 200520044703 U CN200520044703 U CN 200520044703U CN 2892548 Y CN2892548 Y CN 2892548Y
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- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- discharging
- fast charging
- closed
- power system
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Abstract
The utility model relates to a fuel cell and a hybrid power system of an energy-storing device which can charge and discharge quickly including a fuel cell, a DC-AC exchanging dropping device, a energy-storing device which can charge and discharge quickly and load motor, the fuel cell is connected with the DC-AC exchanging dropping equipment and energy-storing device in parallel. Compared with the prior art, the utility model has obviously improved the power situation of the car and ship, moreover, the design is rational and cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to fuel cell, relates in particular to a kind of fuel cell and closed-center system hybrid power system that can fast charging and discharging.
Background technology
Electrochemical fuel cell is a kind of device that hydrogen and oxidizer can be changed into electric energy and resultant of reaction.The internal core parts of this device are membrane electrode (Membrane Electrode Assembly are called for short MEA), and membrane electrode (MEA) is made up of as carbon paper a PEM, two porous conductive materials of film two sides folder.The catalyst that contains the initiation electrochemical reaction of even tiny dispersion on two boundary surfaces of film and carbon paper is as the metal platinum catalyst.The membrane electrode both sides can electrochemistry will take place with conductive body to be sent out and answers the electronics that generates in the process, draws by external circuit, constitutes current return.
At the anode tap of membrane electrode, fuel can pass porosity diffusion material (carbon paper) by infiltration, and electrochemical reaction takes place on catalyst surface, lose electronics, form positive ion, positive ion can pass PEM by migration, arrives the other end cathode terminal of membrane electrode.At the cathode terminal of membrane electrode, contain the gas of oxidizer (as oxygen), as air, pass porosity diffusion material (carbon paper), and the generation electrochemical reaction obtains electronics on catalyst surface, forms negative ion by infiltration.The positive ion of coming in the anion and the anode tap migration of cathode terminal formation reacts, and forms resultant of reaction.
Adopting hydrogen is fuel, and the air that contains oxygen is in the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of oxidizer (or pure oxygen is an oxidizer), and fuel hydrogen has just produced hydrogen positive ion (or being proton) in the catalytic electrochemical reaction of positive column.PEM helps the hydrogen positive ion to move to cathode region from the positive column.In addition, PEM is separated the air-flow and the oxygen air-flow of hydrogen fuel, they can not mixed mutually and produces explosive type reaction.
At cathode region, oxygen obtains electronics on catalyst surface, forms negative ion, and moves the hydrogen positive ion reaction of coming, reaction of formation product water with the positive column.In the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells that adopts hydrogen, air (oxygen), anode reaction and cathode reaction can be expressed in order to following equation:
Anode reaction: H
2→ 2H
++ 2e
Cathode reaction: 1/2O
2+ 2H
++ 2e → H
2O
In the representative type Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, membrane electrode (MEA) generally all is placed in the middle of the pole plate of two conductions, and quarter is milled by die casting, punching press or machinery in the surface that every guide plate contacts with membrane electrode, forms the flame diversion trough of one or more at least.These guide plates can above metallic material pole plate, also can be the pole plate of graphite material.Water conservancy diversion duct on these guide plates and flame diversion trough import fuel and oxidizer the positive column and the cathode region on membrane electrode both sides respectively.In the structure of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells monocell, only there is a membrane electrode, the membrane electrode both sides are respectively the deflecting plate of anode fuel and the deflecting plate of cathode oxidant.These deflecting plates are both as current collector plate, and also as the mechanical support on membrane electrode both sides, the flame diversion trough on the deflecting plate acts as a fuel again and enters the passage of anode, cathode surface with oxidizer, and as the passage of taking away the water that generates in the fuel cell operation process.
In order to increase the gross horsepower of whole Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, two or more monocells can be connected into battery pack or be unified into battery pack by the mode that tiles usually by straight folded mode.In straight folded, in-line battery pack, can there be flame diversion trough on the two sides of a pole plate, and wherein one side can be used as the anode guide face of a membrane electrode, and another side can be used as the cathode diversion face of another adjacent membranes electrode, and this pole plate is called bipolar plates.A series of monocell connects together by certain way and forms a battery pack.Battery pack tightens together by front end-plate, lower back panel and pull bar usually and becomes one.
A typical battery stack generally includes: the water conservancy diversion import and the flow-guiding channel of (1) fuel and oxidant gas are distributed to fuel (hydrogen-rich gas that obtains as hydrogen, methyl alcohol or methyl alcohol, natural fuels, gasoline) and oxidizer (mainly being oxygen or air) in the flame diversion trough of each anode, cathode plane equably after reforming; (2) import and export and the flow-guiding channel of cooling fluid (as water) are evenly distributed to cooling fluid in each battery pack inner cooling channel, and the heat absorption that hydrogen in the fuel cell, the exothermal reaction of oxygen electrochemistry are generated is also taken battery pack out of and dispelled the heat; (3) outlet of fuel and oxidant gas and corresponding flow-guiding channel, fuel gas and oxidant gas are when discharging, and portability goes out the liquid that generates in the fuel cell, the water of steam state.Usually, the import and export of all fuel, oxidizer, cooling fluid are all opened on the end plate of fuel cells or on two end plates.
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells both can be used as the power system of means of deliverys such as car, ship, again can be as portable or fixed power house.
Existing fuel cell has following technological deficiency during as mono-car, ship power system applies:
1. the output voltage of fuel cell-current characteristics curve often shows the more serious curve of polarization, as shown in Figure 1.Fuel cell output voltage reduces along with the increase of outgoing current comparatively fast in other words.This mainly is because fuel cell is when strengthening electric current output, and inside battery causes polarization because of supply, the diffusion velocity of fuel, oxidizer is restricted, also because inside battery internal resistance, catalysis cause bigger polarization.So fuel cell is during as mono-car, ship power, when car, ship demand power when great changes will take place, fuel cell output voltage can change a lot, and power control has been brought very big trouble;
2. when fuel cell was as mono-car, ship power, when car, ship demand power when great changes will take place, cooresponding condition of service of fuel cell and controlled variable differed greatly, and have increased the difficulty of fuel cell operation control greatly;
3. when fuel cell was as mono-car, ship power, when car, when the ship demand power changes a lot, cooresponding condition of service of fuel cell and controlled variable altered a great deal.The steep variation of condition of service, particularly temperature, flow, pressure, humidity, the operation life of fuel cell can be subjected to serious negative effect with stability.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is exactly a kind of power situation of obviously improving that provides in order to overcome the defective that above-mentioned prior art exists, lower-cost fuel cell and closed-center system hybrid power system that can fast charging and discharging.
The purpose of this utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of fuel cell and closed-center system hybrid power system that can fast charging and discharging, it is characterized in that, comprise fuel cell, DC-to-DC exchange dropping equipment, the closed-center system of fast charging and discharging, load motor, the closed-center system of described fuel cell and DC-to-DC exchange dropping equipment, fast charging and discharging is connected in parallel.
Described fuel cell anode end is provided with the diode that prevents the electric current antipole.
Described load motor is provided with controller.
The closed-center system of described fast charging and discharging comprises and is selected from super capacitor, perhaps the high-energy battery that charges and discharge of high magnification.
But the DC-DC converter step-down that described fuel cell output voltage is exported by an automatic guidance electric current, voltage stabilizing are to the lowering and stabilizing blood pressure value, when fuel cell output voltage is lower than this lowering and stabilizing blood pressure value, directly, do not remake step-down, voltage stabilizing processing by the straight-through output of DC-DC converter.
Described fuel cell is at 0～I
1Range of current in, the voltage by DC-DC converter output is higher than soon the work output voltage that fills, puts soon closed-center system all the time.
The electric current of described fuel cell by DC-DC converter output is greater than I
1～I
2During range of current, when fuel cell output voltage is lower than this DC/DC step-down-voltage stabilizing value, do straight-through output, and through design, operating voltage equates with the work output voltage that fills, puts soon closed-center system soon in big range of current just, and while outgoing current in parallel.
Car, ship can reverse by load motor when brake, produce counter electromotive force and preferentially give fast charging and discharging closed-center system F charging, and this moment, DC/DC was in off state.
When car, ship were ready or slide, consumed power was less, fuel cell output current＜I
1, this moment, the DC/DC output voltage was higher than the work output voltage of F, so can charge to F, charging current is subjected to DC/DC control to be not more than I
1
When car, ship were in acceleration, starting state, fuel cell output current was at I
1～I
2Between, fuel cell output voltage equates all the time with the output voltage of fast charging and discharging closed-center system F, common discharge supply load motor in parallel with F; Car, ship are in when evenly advancing for a long time, and fuel cell output current is for being in I
1～I
2In I
mValue, at this moment, the electric current E of F has been put, and is powered separately by fuel cell.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a fuel cell representative type voltage-to-current output characteristic curve;
Fig. 2 is the scheme drawing of the utility model power system;
Voltage-to-current output characteristic curve when Fig. 3 powers separately for the utility model fuel cell;
Voltage-to-current output characteristic curve when Fig. 4 does straight-through output for the utility model fuel cell.
Wherein, Fig. 2 power system is mainly by constituting with inferior device:
A: fuel cell,
B: prevent the diode of electric current antipole,
C:DC/DC, DC-to-DC exchange dropping equipment,
D: load motor,
E: the controller of load motor,
F: fill, put soon closed-center system soon, as: the high-energy battery that super capacitor or high magnification charge and discharge.
The specific embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments.
Embodiment
A kind of fuel cell and hybrid power system of forming of the super capacitor of 60KW by 80KW.Fuel cell open circuit (zero current) voltage is output as 720V, and in 0～100A scope, fuel cell all passes through DC/DC and carries out step-down-voltage stabilizing processing, and output voltage stabilization is about 510V; When fuel cell output current during greater than 100A, DC/DC no longer carries out voltage stabilizing, and fuel cell output voltage is lower than 510V, does straight-through output, output characteristic curve such as Fig. 4.Wherein super capacitor is under the working current of 0～100A, and output voltage is lower than fuel cell all the time; But under the working current of 120A, the operating voltage of its output equates with fuel cell output voltage; When exporting greater than 120A, output services voltage is higher than fuel cell.
So, when this dynamical system is applied on the urban bus, following several power condition is arranged:
1. big bus starting or when accelerating
Fuel cell output current is greater than 120A, and this moment, super capacitor F discharged with fuel cell, and is super Level electric capacity F will carry out the full load discharge, and fuel cell is limited in the 120A.
2. big bus brake is slowed down
The load motor counter-rotating of big bus produces counter electromotive force and preferentially gives super capacitor F charging, and DC/DC is in Off state.
3. big bus is awaited orders before being in red light, or stops and to await orders, or level and smooth row, or travels at a slow speed
Fuel cell output current through DC/DC voltage stabilizing 510V, is higher than super capacitor voltage less than 100A 500V charges to super capacitor.
4. big bus is in for a long time and at the uniform velocity travels
Fuel cell output current is approximately 120A, through long-time running, super capacitor discharge off, all By fuel cell-powered.
Claims (5)
1. fuel cell and closed-center system hybrid power system that can fast charging and discharging, it is characterized in that, comprise fuel cell, DC-to-DC exchange dropping equipment, the closed-center system of fast charging and discharging, load motor, the closed-center system of described fuel cell and DC-to-DC exchange dropping equipment, fast charging and discharging is connected in parallel.
2. fuel cell according to claim 1 and closed-center system hybrid power system that can fast charging and discharging is characterized in that described fuel cell anode end is provided with the diode that prevents the electric current antipole.
3. fuel cell according to claim 1 and closed-center system hybrid power system that can fast charging and discharging is characterized in that described load motor is provided with controller.
4. fuel cell according to claim 1 and closed-center system hybrid power system that can fast charging and discharging is characterized in that the closed-center system of described fast charging and discharging comprises super capacitor, perhaps the high-energy battery that charges and discharge of high magnification.
5. fuel cell according to claim 1 and closed-center system hybrid power system that can fast charging and discharging, it is characterized in that, but the DC-DC converter step-down that described fuel cell output voltage is exported by an automatic guidance electric current, voltage stabilizing are to the lowering and stabilizing blood pressure value, when fuel cell output voltage is lower than this lowering and stabilizing blood pressure value, directly, do not remake step-down, voltage stabilizing processing by the straight-through output of DC-DC converter.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2005200447030U CN2892548Y (en) | 2005-09-01 | 2005-09-01 | Fuel battery and energy-saving device mixed power system capable of fast charging and fast discharging |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2005200447030U CN2892548Y (en) | 2005-09-01 | 2005-09-01 | Fuel battery and energy-saving device mixed power system capable of fast charging and fast discharging |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2892548Y true CN2892548Y (en) | 2007-04-25 |
Family
ID=38060714
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2005200447030U Expired - Lifetime CN2892548Y (en) | 2005-09-01 | 2005-09-01 | Fuel battery and energy-saving device mixed power system capable of fast charging and fast discharging |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN2892548Y (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1923560B (en) * | 2005-09-01 | 2010-09-08 | 上海神力科技有限公司 | Hybrid power system of fuel battery and energy-storage apparatus capable of quick changing and discharging |
-
2005
- 2005-09-01 CN CNU2005200447030U patent/CN2892548Y/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1923560B (en) * | 2005-09-01 | 2010-09-08 | 上海神力科技有限公司 | Hybrid power system of fuel battery and energy-storage apparatus capable of quick changing and discharging |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Expiration termination date: 20150901 Granted publication date: 20070425 |
|
| EXPY | Termination of patent right or utility model |