CN2793946Y - Balanced-feeding and waveguiding gap array antenna unit with wideband integration - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a balanced feed type broadband substrate integrated waveguide slot array antenna unit for a communication system, comprising a dielectric substrate, a metal patch is arranged on the top surface of the dielectric substrate, and a metal patch is arranged on the top surface of the dielectric substrate There is a metal patch on the ground, a substrate integrated waveguide is provided on the dielectric substrate, and a radiation slot is provided on the metal patch on the top surface. The radiation slot is located in the inner area of the substrate integrated waveguide and is arranged on the substrate integrated On both sides of the center line of the waveguide, feeding points are respectively provided at both ends of the substrate-integrated waveguide. The above-mentioned substrate-integrated waveguide is composed of two rows of metallized through-holes on the dielectric substrate. The two ends of the metallized through-hole They are respectively connected to the metal patch on the top surface and the metal patch on the ground; the utility model has the advantages of small size, light weight, high Q value, low loss, low cost, wide working bandwidth, high unit gain and easy integration. The millimeter-wave antenna is suitable for the advantages of microwave and millimeter-wave integrated circuits.

Description

Balanced feed broadband substrate integrated waveguide slot array antenna unit

technical field

The utility model relates to a broadband antenna used in a communication system, in particular to a balanced feed type broadband substrate integrated waveguide slot array antenna unit.

Background technique

Microwave and millimeter wave antennas have been widely used in modern communication systems. As an essential part of the communication system, the modern communication system puts forward high requirements on the microwave and millimeter wave antennas. Firstly, it should have higher gain and better directivity; secondly, the antenna can be easily integrated into other system circuits; thirdly, the antenna should be small in size, light in weight, and low in processing cost, so that it can be used for large-scale commercial production. In addition, since many communication systems have wide operating frequency bands, antennas are required to have wide bandwidths. Utilizing traditional rectangular metal waveguides, high-performance microwave and millimeter-wave antennas can be realized. However, this type of antenna requires high processing precision, especially in the millimeter wave band, and the processing precision of the antenna is difficult to control, which directly affects the performance of the antenna. On the other hand, such antennas are difficult to integrate. It requires some complex and sophisticated conversion mechanisms to combine the antenna and the system circuit seamlessly. In addition, when the number of slots in the antenna is large and the antenna unit array gain is high, the traditional rectangular metal waveguide broadside longitudinal slot array antenna can only work in a narrow band. The above reasons directly determine that the processing cost of the traditional rectangular metal waveguide antenna is relatively expensive, it is difficult to directly realize the gapless integration between the antenna and the system, and it is not suitable for broadband communication systems. The bandwidth of the commonly used substrate-integrated waveguide slot array antenna is closely related to the thickness of the substrate-integrated waveguide. When the thickness of the substrate-integrated waveguide is thicker, it can have a wider operating bandwidth, but when the thickness of the substrate-integrated waveguide is very thin , it is difficult to design an antenna with wide bandwidth and high gain by using conventional substrate-integrated waveguide slot array antenna design technology. When microwave and millimeter-wave circuits work at higher frequencies (greater than 10GHz), if a thicker dielectric substrate is used, the loss of the circuit system will be greatly increased and the performance of the circuit will be affected. Therefore, in the design of high-frequency microwave and millimeter-wave circuits Only a thinner dielectric substrate can be used, resulting in a very thin thickness of the substrate-integrated waveguide on the same dielectric substrate. Therefore, it is difficult to obtain wide bandwidth and high gain by using a common substrate-integrated waveguide slot array antenna, so it is difficult Meet the requirements of the communication system.

Contents of the invention

The utility model provides a balanced feed type broadband substrate integrated waveguide slot array antenna unit capable of widening the working frequency band, which has the advantages of small size, light weight, high Q value, low loss, low cost, wide working bandwidth and high unit gain. , Microwave and millimeter wave antennas that are easy to integrate, suitable for the advantages of microwave and millimeter wave integrated circuits.

The utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

A balanced feed type broadband substrate integrated waveguide slot array antenna unit for a communication system, comprising a dielectric substrate, a metal patch is arranged on the top surface of the dielectric substrate, and a metal patch is arranged on the ground of the dielectric substrate. The patch has a substrate-integrated waveguide on the dielectric substrate, and a radiation slit on the metal patch on the top surface. The radiation slit is located in the inner area of the substrate-integrated waveguide and is arranged on two sides of the center line of the substrate-integrated waveguide. On the side, feeding points are provided at both ends of the substrate-integrated waveguide. The above-mentioned substrate-integrated waveguide is composed of two rows of metallized through-holes on the dielectric substrate. The two ends of the metallized through-holes are respectively connected to the The metal patch on the ground and the metal patch on the ground are connected.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

The utility model utilizes the characteristics of high Q value and low loss of the substrate integrated waveguide, and first realizes the substrate integrated waveguide on the basis of the dielectric substrate. This kind of waveguide has transmission characteristics and field distribution similar to rectangular metal waveguide; the utility model can form wide-side slot arrays on thinner dielectric substrates, and realize high gain, better directivity, and wider bandwidth. performance. In the structure of the substrate-integrated waveguide broadband slot array antenna, the substrate-integrated waveguide structure uses a series of metal through-hole arrays on the dielectric substrate, and the radiation slots are formed by opening slots on the metal patch. Realization, which is conducive to the integration of this antenna in microwave and millimeter wave circuit design; the realization of antenna performance is mainly realized by wide-side slots and balanced feed; the feed network of antenna array can be all composed of multi-channel broadband substrate The integrated waveguide power divider realizes that the antenna feeds power from both ends of the substrate integrated waveguide at the same time. The balanced feed broadband substrate integrated waveguide slot array antenna formed by this feed network has a relatively simple structure and relatively small loss. The specific advantages are as follows:

1) This balanced feed broadband substrate integrated waveguide slot array antenna is easy to integrate in the design of microwave and millimeter wave circuits;

2) It can have wider bandwidth, smaller size, lighter weight, better directivity, and higher gain;

3) This balanced feed broadband substrate integrated waveguide slot array antenna has higher Q value and lower loss.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of the structure of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is a top view of the structure of the utility model.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the metallized through hole of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is the test result of the reflection coefficient of the antenna array of the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is the test result of the E-plane radiation pattern of the antenna array at 10.75 GHz and 11.25 GHz in the embodiment of the utility model.

Fig. 6 is the test result of the H-plane radiation pattern of the antenna array at 10.75 GHz and 11.25 GHz according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a structural diagram of a balanced feed broadband substrate integrated waveguide slot array antenna formed by combining the utility model as a structural unit.

Detailed ways

A balanced feed type broadband substrate integrated waveguide slot array antenna unit for communication systems, comprising a dielectric substrate 1, a metal patch 2 is arranged on the top surface of the dielectric substrate 1, and a metal patch 2 is arranged on the ground of the dielectric substrate 1 A metal patch 3 is provided on the top surface, a substrate integrated waveguide 4 is provided on the dielectric substrate 1, and a radiation slit 5 is provided on the metal patch 2 on the top surface, and the radiation slit 5 is located in the inner area of the substrate integrated waveguide 4 And they are arranged on both sides of the center line of the substrate integrated waveguide 4, and feed points 61 and 62 are respectively provided at both ends of the substrate integrated waveguide 4. The above substrate integrated waveguide 4 is formed by 2 The two ends of the metallized through hole 7 are respectively connected with the metal patch 2 on the top surface and the metal patch 3 on the ground. The projections of the radiation slots 5 on both sides of the centerline on the centerline of the substrate integrated waveguide 4 may overlap. The above-mentioned metallized through hole is to open a through hole on the dielectric substrate, set a metal sleeve 9 on the wall of the through hole and connect the metal sleeve with the metal patches covering both sides of the dielectric substrate.

We have implemented the balanced feed broadband substrate integrated waveguide slot array antenna described above in the X-band Institute. The diameter of the metal through-hole used to form the dielectric integrated waveguide is 0.4mm, and the distance between the through-holes is 0.8mm. The dielectric substrate The relative dielectric constant is 2.4. The antenna is a 16×15 balanced feed broadband substrate integrated waveguide slot array antenna (as shown in Figure 7). The test results are shown in Figures 4, 5, and 6.

At 10.75GHz, the H-plane radiation pattern of the antenna has a 3dB lobe width of 7.35 degrees, and its first side lobe is -12.15dB. At 11.25GHz, the E-plane radiation pattern of the antenna has a 3dB lobe width of 8.35 degrees, and its first side lobe is -11.8dB. At 10.75GHz, the E-plane radiation pattern of the antenna has a 3dB lobe width of 8.4 degrees, and its first side lobe is -13.6dB. At 11.25GHz, the E-plane radiation pattern of the antenna has a 3dB lobe width of 8.3 degrees, and its first side lobe is -11.8dB. The gain of this antenna is about 24dBi at 11.0GHz.

Claims (2)

1. A balanced feed type broadband substrate integrated waveguide slot array antenna unit for communication systems, characterized in that it includes a dielectric substrate (1), and a metal patch is arranged on the top surface of the dielectric substrate (1) (2), a metal patch (3) is provided on the ground of the dielectric substrate (1), a substrate integrated waveguide (4) is provided on the dielectric substrate (1), and the metal patch ( 2) is provided with radiation slots (5), and the radiation slots (5) are located in the inner area of the substrate integrated waveguide (4) and are arranged on both sides of the center line of the substrate integrated waveguide (4). 4) are provided with feeding points (61, 62) at both ends respectively, and the above-mentioned substrate integrated waveguide (4) is composed of two rows of metallized through-holes (7) arranged on the dielectric substrate (1), the metallized Both ends of the through hole (7) are respectively connected with the metal patch (2) on the top surface and the metal patch (3) on the ground. 2. The balanced feed type broadband substrate integrated waveguide slot array antenna unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the antenna adopts a balanced feed mode, and is located on both sides of the center line of the substrate integrated waveguide (4). Radiation slots (5), different slots have different lengths, they have different distances from the centerline of the substrate integrated waveguide, and their projections on the centerline of the substrate integrated waveguide (4) overlap.

Images