CN2674360Y

CN2674360Y - Focusing solar water heater

Info

Publication number: CN2674360Y
Application number: CNU2004200244281U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴锡国; 吴锡波
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2004-01-17
Filing date: 2004-01-17
Publication date: 2005-01-26
Anticipated expiration: 2014-01-17

Abstract

The utility model provides a focusing solar water heater belonging to the application field of solar energy. The utility model is composed of a water heater bracket, a water container, a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe, more than two thermal-collecting pipes, a collecting mirror and a sun tracker. The utility model is characterized in that it adopts a Fresnel lens as a collecting mirror; each thermal-collecting pipe is equipped with a lens carrier; the Fresnel lens is equipped at the upper part of the lens carrier and is parallel with the thermal-collecting pipe; the lens carrier of each thermal-collecting pipe is equipped with more than one Fresnel lens whose focal distance is the same; the distance between the Fresnel lens and the metal heat pipe in the thermal-collecting pipe equals to the focal distance of the Fresnel lens; the lens carrier on each thermal-collecting pipe is connected by an interlocking bar. The focusing solar water heater adopts the Fresnel lens and the lens carrier which can link to effectively solve the problem that a plurality of heat pipes follow the sun and greatly enhance the collecting efficiency of the focusing solar water heater. The solar energy water heater also has the advantages of simple structure and easy use.

Description

Focusing solar water heater

Affiliated technical field

The utility model belongs to the Application of Solar Energy field, relates to a kind of focusing solar water heater.

Technical background

Along with people to deepening continuously that solar energy is understood, the application of solar energy enters our life just apace, various solar water heaters emerge in succession, have made things convenient for people's life.Solar water heater in the market generally adopts the glass vacuum thermal-pipe thermal-arrest, in order to improve its collecting efficiency, some producers are provided with the compacting of integrally-built stainless steel or aluminium sheet below glass vacuum thermal-pipe mirror condenser is finished the effect of optically focused, but there are many drawbacks in the mirror condenser of this structure, the one, its light gathering efficiency is not high, and the 2nd, be not easy to follow the tracks of the sun.For the thermal efficiency is adopted in raising, the sun tracker that some make mirror condenser translation or rotation also appears, make mirror condenser follow the tracks of the sun, but because mirror condenser places the back side of heat pipe, they only are suitable for using the solar water heater of single heat collector tube, be not suitable for using the solar water heater of many heat collector tubes, thereby how further the thermal efficiency of the solar water heater of many heat collector tubes, the still problem that urgency is to be solved are used in raising.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of many heat collector tubes and high focusing solar water heater of the thermal efficiency of using.

The structure of focusing solar water heater provided by the utility model is as follows, form by water heater support, water tank, water inlet pipe, outlet pipe, two above thermal-collecting tubes, condenser and sun trackers, described thermal-collecting tube comprises the metal heat pipe and is enclosed within its outside glass tube that the condensation segment of metal heat pipe inserts water tank; Described sun tracker comprises solar cell, motor and transmission mechanism, motor connects solar cell, the Motor Drive transmission mechanism drives condenser and follows the tracks of the sun, be characterized in that described condenser adopts Fresnel lens, is furnished with a lens mount on the every thermal-collecting tube, a Fresnel lens that above focal length is identical is arranged on the lens mount, Fresnel lens places the top of lens mount, the top of thermal-collecting tube, and it is in parallel, the distance of each Fresnel lens and thermal-collecting tube interior metal heat pipe equals the focal length of Fresnel lens, and the lens mount on each thermal-collecting tube is connected by a gangbar.Described lens mount is made up of the support member at two ends and the lens frame on the support member, Fresnel lens places in the lens frame, the below of support member is an opening semicircular rings up, thermal-collecting tube places the top of lens mount two ends semicircular rings, wherein near the semicircular rings both sides of lens mount two end supports part below of water heater support affixed downward carriage, the bottom surface of carriage extends to the outside of lens mount, solar panel and motor are contained on the bottom surface of this carriage, solar panel is contained on the carriage bottom surface that extends to the lens mount outside, transmission mechanism in the described sun tracker is by shaft of motor, be contained in the gear in the rotating shaft, and a semicircular rings of this lens mount support member below is formed, the outer surface of this semicircular rings is a gear-like, and this outer surface is the semicircular rings and the gears engaged that is contained on the motor rotary shaft of gear-like.

The operation principle of focusing solar water heater provided by the utility model is as follows, the solar light irradiation Fresnel lens, owing to place the Fresnel lens above the lens mount parallel with thermal-collecting tube, and the distance of each Fresnel lens and thermal-collecting tube interior metal heat pipe equals the focal length of Fresnel lens.Behind Fresnel lens optically focused, solar heat is concentrated on the evaporator section of thermal-collecting tube interior metal heat pipe, as what adopt is the cylinder Fresnel lens, its focal line just in time drops on the evaporator section of metal heat pipe, as adopt an above point focusing Fresnel lens, the focus of each Fresnel lens all drops on the evaporator section of metal heat pipe, form interrupted focal line, make the working medium of metal inside heat pipe obtain sufficient amount of heat, soon evaporation, become steam state working medium, enter condensation segment, carry out becoming liquid refrigerant after the heat exchange, flow back to evaporator section again with cold water in the water tank, again be heated, evaporation forms thermal cycle, because.Because Fresnel lens all accumulates in the solar heat of being gathered on the evaporator section of metal heat pipe, make that the steam state working medium temperature that enters condensation segment is higher, can heat the water in the water tank soon.Simultaneously, owing to adopted by shaft of motor, be contained in the gear in the rotating shaft, an and transmission mechanism that semicircle ring-type gear train becomes of this lens mount support member below, lens mount on each thermal-collecting tube is connected by a gangbar, making transmission mechanism can drive several lens mounts simultaneously rotates together, sun tracker makes the Fresnel lens on each lens mount face toward the sun all the time, this has further improved the collecting efficiency of thermal-collecting tube, the feasible focusing solar water heater that adopts this structure, the actual collector area of single thermal-collecting tube is more much bigger than the collector area of other thermal-collecting tubes of the same type, so if the volume of water tank is identical, the thermal-collecting tube that adopts focusing solar water heater provided by the utility model to use lacks than other solar vacuum-tube water heater quantity of the same type, therefore, heat leak point is also few, the thermal efficiency is just higher, and it both can have been made water heater and use, and can do boiler again and use.

Focusing solar water heater provided by the utility model is owing to adopted the Fresnel lens that is contained in the thermal-collecting tube front that solar heat is accumulated in the thermal-collecting tube, and adopted gangbar to realize the interlock of lens mount, the many difficult problems that thermal-collecting tube is followed the tracks of the sun have simultaneously been solved effectively, the hot side of adopting that has enlarged thermal-collecting tube simultaneously amasss, improved the collecting efficiency of the solar water heater that adopts many thermal-collecting tube thermal-arrests widely, this focusing solar water heater also can be done boiler usefulness, and it has advantage simple in structure, easy to use.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the general structure schematic diagram of focusing solar water heater embodiment provided by the utility model;

Fig. 2 is structure and the connection schematic diagram that is positioned at the support member of each lens mount one end among Fig. 1 in the focusing solar water heater;

Fig. 3 is the carriage bottom surface scheme of installation that is contained in a lens mount supported underneath sun tracker;

Fig. 4 is the control circuit schematic diagram of sun tracker in the focusing solar water heater among Fig. 1.

1 is the metal heat pipe among Fig. 1-Fig. 3,2 for being enclosed within the glass tube of metal heat pipe outside, 3 is the water heater support, and 4 is water tank, and 5 is water inlet pipe, 6 is outlet pipe, 7 is Fresnel lens, and 8 is lens carrier, and 8.1 is lens frame, 8.2 be support member, 8.3 be the semicircular ring on the lens mount, 8.3 ' for outer surface on the lens mount is the semicircular ring of gear-like, 9 for supporting the carriage of sun tracker, 9.1 for supporting the carriage bottom surface of sun tracker, 10 is solar panel, and 11 is gangbar, and 12 is motor, 13 for being contained in the gear on the motor rotary shaft, 14 is motor rotary shaft, and 16 is travel switch, and 18 is limited block, 19, connecting rod, 20 is pin, and 21 is the chute on the connecting rod 19.

15 is two-way switch among Fig. 4, and 16 is travel switch, and 17 is reset power, and 10 is solar cell, and 12 is dc motor.

The specific embodiment

Further specify the specific embodiment of the present utility model below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, as Fig. 1-Fig. 4 be respectively an embodiment of the utility model general structure schematic diagram (top view), be positioned at each lens mount one end support member structure and connect the control circuit schematic diagram etc. of schematic diagram, the carriage bottom surface scheme of installation that is contained in a lens mount supported underneath sun tracker and sun tracker.As seen from the figure: focusing solar water heater is by water heater support 3 among this embodiment, water tank 5, water inlet pipe 6, outlet pipe 7, thermal-collecting tube, condenser and sun tracker are formed, the condenser of focusing solar water heater adopts Fresnel lens 7 among this embodiment, adopt 3 thermal-collecting tubes, thermal-collecting tube is made up of metal heat pipe 1 and the outside glass tube with vacuum 2 that is with thereof, a lens mount 8 is arranged on the every thermal-collecting tube, Fresnel lens 7 places the top of lens mount 8, and it is parallel with thermal-collecting tube, 5 point focusing Fresnel lenses that focal length is identical are arranged on the lens mount of every thermal-collecting tube, the distance of metal heat pipe 2 equals the focal length of Fresnel lens 7 in each Fresnel lens and the thermal-collecting tube, lens mount on each thermal-collecting tube is connected by a gangbar 11, connecting rod 19 1 ends are connected on the lens mount, and the chute of the other end hangs on the pin 20 on the water heater support.Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of lens mount and sun tracker transmission mechanism in the focusing solar water heater, this figure is by Fig. 2, Fig. 3 is as can be known: lens mount 8 is made up of the support member 8.2 at two ends and the lens frame 8.1 on the support member, the trend of lens frame 8.1 and thermal-collecting tube are in the same way, Fresnel lens 7 places in the lens frame 8.1, there is opening semicircular ring 8.3 up the below of support member 8.2, thermal-collecting tube places the top of this semicircular ring, wherein by semicircular ring both sides, a lens mount two end supports part below in the east affixed support the carriage 9 of sun tracker, solar panel 10, motor 12 places on the bottom surface 9.1 of carriage 9, the bottom surface 9.1 of carriage 9 extends to the outside of lens mount, solar panel 10 just is contained on this bottom surface that extends to the lens mount outside, shaft of motor 14, be contained in this rotating shaft gear 13 and with the outer surface of its engagement be the transmission mechanism that the annulus 8.3 ' of gear-like has constituted solar energy tracking device, lens mount on each thermal-collecting tube is connected by a gangbar 11, and lens mount hangs on water heater support's the pin 20 by the chute on the connecting rod 19 21.When Fresnel lens faces the solar time, the daylighting face of solar panel is by the area maximum that shade covered of metal heat pipe, and at this moment, the electric energy that solar cell produced is not enough to drive lens mount and rotates, and lens mount is motionless; It is moving along with Earth moves around the sun, the daylighting face of solar panel is reduced gradually by the area that shade covered of metal heat pipe, the electric energy that solar cell produced drives several lens mounts by motor and transmission mechanism and rotates together, being not enough to drive lens mount to the electric energy that solar cell produced rotates, lens mount stops operating once more, follow the tracks of the sun like this, again and again.As can be seen from Figure 4: the control circuit of sun tracker is made of two-way switch 15, travel switch 16, reset power 17, solar cell 10, dc motor 12 and limited block 18.The control circuit operation principle of sun tracker is as described below: dc motor 12 links to each other with reset power 17 with solar cell 10 by two-way switch 15, travel switch 16 is between dc motor 12 and reset power 17, limited block 18 is loaded on the water heater support 3, travel switch 16 is loaded on the outside of the lower tray 9 of lens carrier 8, when two-way switch 15 closes in a position, direct current generator 12 joins with solar cell 10, realizes the tracking of Fresnel lens to the sun by solar cell, direct current generator and transmission mechanism.Two-way switch 15 closes when the b position, and dc motor 12 joins with reset power 17, drives dc motor 12 counter-rotatings by reset power 17, realizes that lens and thermal-collecting tube go to the initial position in early morning.When Fresnel lens goes to morning behind the sunlight initial position, the limited block 18 that is contained on the water heater support 3 touches the outside travel switch 16 of the lower tray 9 that is loaded on lens carrier 8, dc motor 12 is separated with reset power 17, subsequently with two-way switch 15 with close in a position, can realize Fresnel lens and thermal-collecting tube secondary tracking again to the sun.Two-way switch can be located at indoor.Fresnel lens 7 can adopt the point focusing Fresnel lens also can adopt line focus Fresnel lens in the utility model, metal heat pipe 1 adopts stainless steel or copper material to make in the thermal-collecting tube, cover glass tube with vacuum 2 externally adopts the pyroceram of the high grade of transparency to make, water heater support 3, water tank 4, lens mount 8, carriage 9, gear 13 can adopt steel to make with gangbar 11, connecting rod 19 and pin 20 etc., water inlet pipe 5, outlet pipe 6 adopt galvanized pipe, motor adopts dc motor, and reset power adopts battery.

Claims

1, a kind of focusing solar water heater, form by water heater support, water tank, water inlet pipe, outlet pipe, two above thermal-collecting tubes, condenser and sun trackers, described thermal-collecting tube comprises the metal heat pipe and is enclosed within its outside glass tube that the condensation segment of metal heat pipe inserts water tank; Described sun tracker comprises solar cell, motor and transmission mechanism, motor connects solar cell, the Motor Drive transmission mechanism drives condenser and follows the tracks of the sun, it is characterized in that described condenser adopts Fresnel lens, is furnished with a lens mount on the every thermal-collecting tube, a Fresnel lens that above focal length is identical is arranged on the lens mount, Fresnel lens places the top of lens mount, the top of thermal-collecting tube, and it is in parallel, the distance of each Fresnel lens and thermal-collecting tube interior metal heat pipe equals the focal length of Fresnel lens, and the lens mount on each thermal-collecting tube is connected by a gangbar.

2, focusing solar water heater according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described lens mount is made up of the support member at two ends and the lens frame on the support member, Fresnel lens places in the lens frame, the below of support member is an opening semicircular rings up, thermal-collecting tube places the top of lens mount two ends semicircular rings, wherein near the semicircular rings both sides of lens mount two end supports part below of water heater support affixed downward carriage, the bottom surface of carriage extends to the outside of lens mount, solar panel and motor mounting are on the bottom surface of this carriage, solar panel is installed on the carriage bottom surface that extends to the lens mount outside, transmission mechanism in the described sun tracker is by shaft of motor, be contained in the gear in the rotating shaft, and a semicircular rings of this lens mount support member below is formed, the outer surface of this semicircular rings is a gear-like, and this outer surface is the semicircular rings and the gears engaged that is contained on the motor rotary shaft of gear-like.