CN2656821Y - Coal-fired gasification industrial furnace and kiln - Google Patents
Coal-fired gasification industrial furnace and kiln Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN2656821Y CN2656821Y CN 200320106742 CN200320106742U CN2656821Y CN 2656821 Y CN2656821 Y CN 2656821Y CN 200320106742 CN200320106742 CN 200320106742 CN 200320106742 U CN200320106742 U CN 200320106742U CN 2656821 Y CN2656821 Y CN 2656821Y
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Abstract
A coal-fired and gasifying industry furnace kiln is provided with a grate in the upper part of the base, a hearth on the grate, a heating chamber in the upper part or one side of the hearth, a smoke shaft at one side of the heating chamber, a partition wall the middle part of the hearth to divide the hearth into a gasification room and a combustion chamber, a pipe for the coal gas to enter into the combustion chamber between the top of the gasification room and combustion chamber, a piece of clapboard between the upper part of the heating chamber and the lower part of the heating chamber, a plurality of jet orifices which are communicated with the gasification room and the combustion chamber and are arranged on the clapboard. The upper plane of the grate has a structure of moving from the gasification room to the combustion chamber; the lower part of the grate is provided with an inlet pipe connected with a blower. The furnace kiln has no pollution to the air, and that is to say without CO and CO2 to pollute the air. The fuels can be completely burnt, thereby, having high utilization ratio of heat energy. The utility model can substitute for electric furnace kilns, and boil and gas fired furnace kilns, thereby saving energy, has low manufacturing cost, thereby being beneficial to save expenditure, has a wide application and can be used in heat treatment on any workpieces, is safe and convenient, and can promote the civilized operation.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the utility model relates to a coal-fired gasification industrial furnace, which is used for heating workpieces during annealing, normalizing, tempering, forging, drying, melting and the like and is used for machine tools, metal processing, mechanical manufacturing and other industries needing heat treatment.
Background art:
currently, coal, coke, electricity, heavy oil, coal gas and natural gas are used as energy sources in various industrial furnaces, and most heat treatment processes can adopt solid fuel, liquid fuel or gas fuel. Liquid, gaseous fuel and electric power all have the potential safety hazard, and the cost is high, defects such as manufacturing cost height, coal compares with other energy, and the price is low, and the transportation is stored roughly, and factor of safety is big, and manufacturing cost is little, but uses the stove of coal, and there is the burning insufficient, and heat utilization rate is low, and the problem of polluted environment does not solve well, causes some enterprise to shut down the transformation,and some enterprises are forced to move to the address.
The invention content is as follows:
the utility model aims at providing a coal-fired gasification industrial furnace to coal is the energy, carries out the heat treatment of various forms such as annealing, normalizing, tempering, forging, drying, melting to the work piece, and heat treatment furnace, flame heating furnace, artifical ageing oven, sand mould loam core enamel drying furnace, copper melting aluminium melting furnace, tunnel kiln, timber drying kiln etc. that make with coal-fired gasification technique can both eliminate smoke and dust, no sulphur, no CO, CO drying kiln etc. and2and the emission is realized, and the atmosphere is free of pollution.
The purpose of the utility model is realized with the following mode: the coal-fired gasification industrial furnace uses bituminous coal as heat source, and the method for solving smoke pollution is to construct a smokeless combustion hearth, change the traditional direct combustion mode, divide the hearth into a gasification chamber and a combustion chamber, make the coal-fired gas and flue gas produced in the gasification chamber enter the combustion chamber through a pipeline and fully combust, and need a set of mechanical continuous coal-feeding and slag-discharging grates, reform the traditional fixed grate into a chain grate or other grates capable of moving the coal-fired, and the coal-fired enters the smokeless combustion chamber after gasification, thus the smoke pollution is avoidedIn the combustion stage, the moved grate is fed into the combustion chamber, and the coal gas and smoke produced in the combustion chamber and the fed gasification chamber are mixed and combusted at high temperature, so that the smoke and dust can be eliminated while the heat energy utilization is improved. The furnace chamber divided into twoparts and the movable grate are complementary and have no choice. In order to further desulfurize and purify, a smoke purifier is installed, desulfurating drugs are filled in the purifier, and waste heat smoke is utilized for desulfurization and CO removal2And the atmosphere is free from pollution. The technical scheme is as follows: the upper part of the base is provided with a fire grate, a hearth is arranged on the fire grate, and the hearth is arrangedThe upper part or one side of the fire grate is provided with a heating chamber, one side of the heating chamber is provided with a discharge flue, the middle part of the fire grate is provided with a partition wall which divides the fire grate into a gasification chamber and a combustion chamber, a pipeline for leading coal gas to enter the combustion chamber is arranged between the top of the gasification chamber and the combustion chamber, a partition plate is arranged between the upper part of the combustion chamber and the lower part of the heating chamber, the partition plate is provided with a plurality of jet holes for communicating the combustion chamber and the heating chamber, the upper plane of the fire grate is of a structure which can continuously move from the gasification chamber to.
The fire grate is a chain fire grate and consists of a front roller, a rear roller and a chain hung on the two rollers, and the rollers are connected with rotary power. If necessary, the power device is connected with the roller through a gearbox, and if the power device selects a motor, the power device can be a low-speed motor or the motor runs intermittently; the power device can also be an electromagnet, and the reciprocating motion of the electromagnet is converted into the rotary motion through the ratchet wheel device to drive the roller to rotate.
The coal-fired gasification industrial furnace mainly comprises a heat consumption part and aheat supply part. The heat-consuming part is a heating chamber for heat-treating the workpiece, and the size, shape and other configurations of the heating chamber are determined according to the yield and production requirements. The heating part is a combustion part called as a combustion furnace, and the size of the combustion furnace is determined according to the heat consumption of the heating chamber. The lower part of the heating furnace can be provided with a base, and the height of the base is convenient for operation. The upper side of the base is provided with a heat insulating layer, the upper side of the heat insulating layer is provided with a chain grate and an air chamber, the air chamber is a mixing part of air blown by an air blower and coal gas and smoke introduced by a gasification chamber, the furnace kiln is larger, the inlet of the air chamber is arranged at two sides of the combustion furnace, namely, air inlet pipes connected with a fan below the grate are respectively arranged at two sides of the furnace kiln, and the small furnace kiln can be arranged at one side of the. A slag baffle, i.e. eagle iron, is arranged behind the rear roller of the chain grate. The front upper part of the gasification chamber is a front arch, the front of the front arch is provided with a coal gate plate and a coal hopper, the rear upper part of the combustion chamber is a rear arch, and the rear arch is used for providing radiant heat for the fire coal of the combustion chamber. There is a proper gap between the grate and the lower surface of the partition between the gasification chamber and the combustion chamber, the gasification chamber is in front, the combustion chamber is behind, and the gasification chamber is smaller than the combustion chamber. The gasification chamber is sealed by partition walls, left and right furnace walls, a front arch, a coal gate plate and coal falling from a coal hopper, a gas pipeline connected between the top of the gasification chamber and the combustion chamber is respectively led to the lower part of a grate at the bottom of the combustion chamber from two sides of the furnace, namely a gas flue gas outlet is reserved at a proper position above the gasification chamber, the upper end of the gas pipeline is connected with the outlet, and the lower end of the gas pipeline is connected with an air chamber below the grate. When the coal gasification furnace works, coal of the coal hopper falls on the front end of the fire grate, the front roller is driven by the gearbox, the fire grate moves backwards slowly, the coal is ignited and gasified in the gasification chamber, and then the coal enters the combustion chamber to be combusted without smoke; meanwhile, the gas produced by the gasification chamber is sent to an air chamber at the lower part of the fire grate by a fan through a gas pipeline, the air chamber is preferably provided with a plurality of air outlets convenient for adjusting the size, the air is mixed with the air sent by the air blower in the air chamber, and passes through the fire grate and the smokeless coal for intensified combustion and complete combustion, the burnt ash falls to an ash pit at the lower side through hawk iron, and the ash is discharged by a slag extractor or a manual work. The middle of the hearth, namely a high-temperature combustion area is arranged between the partition wall and the rear arch, and flame and hot furnace gas enter a heating chamber to carry out heat treatment on the workpiece. The position of the combustion furnace can be built at one corner or one side in the heating chamber, and also can be built below the heating chamber, namely the combustion furnace is built below the ground level, the heating chamber is built above the ground level, people operate in a ground groove, the vault of the combustion furnace is level with the ground, flame and hot furnace gas enter the heating chamber from flame injection holes uniformly arranged on the vault, firstly, the flame and the hot furnace gas impact the vault, then, the flame andthe hot furnace gas are reversely folded down, and heat treatment is carried out on indoor workpieces. The combustion furnace can also be made into a movable type, a base below the fire grate is welded by steel, a plurality of wheels are arranged on two sides of the bottom foot, a track is laid on the foundation, and the whole combustion furnace becomes a trolley type to enter and exit on the track. The heating chamber is a space for placing a heat treatment workpiece, the temperature in the chamber is hundreds to thousands of ℃, and the heating, heat-permeable heat preservation or drying of the workpiece or the step-type heating, internal stress elimination, metal melting and the like are completed. The wall of the heating chamber needs to be provided with heat insulation measures, a chamber door, a temperature detection port, smoke and steam outlets and the like, a track is laid in the chamber, so that a trolley filled with work materials can conveniently enter and exit the work materials, and the smoke and steam outlets are provided with flashboards so as to release the steam and control the temperature.
The coal-fired gasification industrial furnace can be built into a trolley type furnace, a chamber type furnace, a through type furnace, a tunnel type furnace and other furnaces in various forms, has common combustion principle and technical requirements, and changes the traditional direct coal combustion and direct smoke emission mode to gasify the coal and then combust the coal. Coal has 6-10% water content, so that the gasified product of the gasification chamber contains coal gas, smoke and water vapor, and the water vapor can participate in the reaction to generate combustible gas and reduce the emission of fly ash. The following chemical reactions occur during gasification and combustion of the coal:
reaction products CO, H2、CH4、CmHnIs high-energy fuel, has high combustion speed and high heat value due to O2The solid and gas fuel can be completely combusted, the flame is short, the heat loss of the incomplete combustion of the solid, the heat loss of the chemical incomplete combustion, the physical heat loss of ash and the heat loss of smoke exhaust are reduced, and the combustion rate and the heat energy utilization rate are improved.
The flue gas discharged by the coal-fired gasification industrial furnace kiln contains most of nitrogen and water vapor, and a small amount of SO2、SO3、CO2And a desulfurization purifier is arranged at the flue gas outlet to further purify the flue gas. The technique is to add KOH, NaOH and Ca (OH) into a purifier2The residual heat of the aqueous solution of the medicines is utilized to change the aqueous solution of the medicines into saturated steam of the medicines, the saturated steam is sprayed to the smoke, and the sulfur and the CO are removed2. The discharged smoke is free of black smoke and SO2、SO3No CO, and no CO2The method does not pollute the atmosphere, reduces the greenhouse effect and the global warming speed, and solves the problem of air pollution. Compared with other energy sources, the coal has the advantages of convenience in management, safety, low price, low production cost and the like, so that the coal can be used instead of the industrial furnaces and kilns using electric power, heavyoil, coal gas and natural gas without special requirements.
The utility model has the advantages that: 1. no pollution to atmosphere, i.e. no smoke, sulfur, CO and CO2Pollution; 2. the combustion is complete, and the heat energy utilization rate is high; 3. the furnace kiln can replace electric power and fuel oil and gas furnaces, thereby saving energy; 4. raw materialThe production cost is low, and the income and expenditure are increased and saved; 5. the application range is wide, and the method is used for heat treatment of almost any workpiece; 6. safe and convenient, and civilized production.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the coal gasification industrial furnace of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the gas duct and fan of fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the double-sided intake air and double-sided gas delivery pipes of FIG. 1.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the kiln is constructed such that a heating chamber and a combustion furnace are vertically arranged, and the combustion furnace is preferably located below a ground level 22. A partition board is arranged between the upper part of the combustion chamber 6 and the lower part of the heating chamber 18There are several injection holes 17 communicating the combustion chamber 6 with the heating chamber 18. The upper part of the base is provided with a fire grate 1, a hearth is arranged on the fire grate 1, the upper part of the hearth is provided with a heating chamber 18, one side of the heating chamber 18 is provided with a discharge flue 19, the discharge flue 19 is provided with a flue gate 21, the discharge flue 19 is provided with a flue gas purifier 20, the structure of the flue gas purifier 20 is specially introduced in other patent applications, the principle is that the internal alkaline aqueous solution is sprayed to the flue gas and reacts with the flue gas under the heating of the flue gas, and the desulfurization and the removal of CO are realized2And eliminating smoke and dust. The middle part of the hearth is provided with a partition wall 14 which divides the hearth into a gasification chamber 11 and a combustion chamber 6, the grate 1 is a chain grate which is composed of a front roller and a rear roller and chains hung on the two rollers, the rollers are connected with rotary power, the chain grate 1 is driven by a gear box 10 to move backwards, the front end of the gasification chamber is provided with a coal hopper 13, a coal gate plate 12 is arranged between the front roller and the rear roller, a pipeline 24 which leads coal gas to enter the combustion chamber 6 is arranged between the top of the gasification chamber 11 and the combustion chamber 6 and is respectively led in from two sides, the structure is that a coal gas outlet 16 at the top of the gasification chamber 11 is connected to a coal gas inlet 7 below the grate 1 through the pipeline 24, the middle part of the pipeline is provided with an. There are also inlet pipes 8 connected to the fan 26 on both sides below the grate 1 for supplying oxygen to take part in the combustion. When the coal gasification furnace works, coal falls to the front end of the fire grate 1 from the coal hopper 13, enters the gasification chamber 11 through the coal gate plate 12 and the furnace front arch 15 of the gasification chamber 11, is ignited and gasified in the gasification chamber 11, enters the combustion chamber 6 from the partition wall 14 under the drive of the moving fire grate 1 for combustion, at the moment, no smoke exists, gas smoke generated by the gasification chamber 11 is sent into the air chamber at the lower part of the fire grate 1 from a gas outlet 16 through a gas pipeline 24 by a fan 25 at two sides, air fed in the air chamber and a blower 26 is mixed, then the mixture passes through the fire grate 1 and the coal which is burnt without smoke is completely combusted, and the residual ash falls to the ash pit 4 through the hawk iron 2 and is discharged by a slag discharging. The partition plate 9 at the lower edge of the fire grate 1 is firm, sealed and heat-insulated, air chambers are arranged at two sides between the fire grate 1 and the partition plate 9, the air chambers are provided with a plurality of air ports 3 convenient for adjusting air quantity, smoke and air are mixed and then enter the lower surface of the fire grate 1 from the air ports 3, the air ports at the front edge and the rear edge are closed and the middle air port is opened, and the mixed smoke and air passes through the fire grate 1 and a glowing coal bed and enters the combustion chamber 6 for high-temperature combustion. The combustion chamber 6 is a main combustion zone, and blue flame and hot furnace gas are discharged fromThe dome 23 above the combustion chamber 6 enters the heating chamber 18, and the flame and hot furnace gas are rushed from the injection holes 17 of the dome 23 to the roof of the chamber and then folded back to heat the workpiece. The beginning of the temperature generation stage is toThe flue gate 21 falls down a little to slow the discharge of high-temperature flue gas, but the flue cannot be completely closed, when the room temperature reaches the highest temperature required by the process, the gate 21 is fully opened, and if the moisture content of the workpiece is large, the generated water vapor can also be discharged from the gate 21 through the chimney 19.
The heating chamber 18 is above the furnace and ground level, and shelves may be provided for holding workpieces. Ora track can be laid, so that the grid frame vehicle or the trolley provided with the workpiece can enter and exit on the track. The heating time, the drying time and the heat preservation time of the heat treatment workpiece or the time of an artificial aging furnace, the step heating temperature, the temperature control time, the slow cooling and the like are all required to adjust the opening and closing degree of the combustion and flue gate 21 according to the process requirements. The furnace can be used for suppressing fire, preserving heat, slowly cooling, extinguishing fire, reducing temperature and the like; can work continuously or intermittently; the movable trolley can be built into a fixed type or a movable trolley type. The movable trolley type needs to be paved with tracks, and wheels are arranged on the bottom feet of the combustion furnace, so that the movable trolley type is convenient to move in and out.
The combustion furnace is built below the ground level, an operator works in a ground groove, a certain safe operation space is required to be arranged at the front, the rear, the left and the right, and a distribution room and a monitoring instrument are required to be safe and effective. The combustion furnace is a key device for heat treatment, the furnace wall is built by refractory materials and heat-insulating materials and has reinforcement measures, furnace doors or observation ports are arranged on two sides of the gasification chamber 11 and the combustion chamber 6, and manual observation and regulation are carried out by matching with mechanized operation and instrument monitoring. The heating chamber 18 is a place for heat treatment of the workpiece, and since the combustion furnace does not emit black smoke and has little fly ash, the heating chamber 18 is basically clean, but the workpiece with high precision requirement needs to take protective measures. For example, in order to avoid decarburization and oxidation of the surface of a precision casting, the casting may be buried in an iron cylinder with cast iron chips and sealed with clay. As for the chemical heat treatment, the main purpose is to infiltrate some elements into the surface of the workpiece to improve the performance of the workpiece, such as carburization, boriding, nitriding, Tan-N-cementation, C-N-B-cementation, etc., the process requirement is higher, and the workpiece can be processedPlaced in a well-sealed furnace hearth through which the heat flow reheats the chemical materials and the work pieces. The heat dissipating dome 17 above the burner may be of varying configuration and shape depending on the heat treatment vessel and other specifications, such as by leaving a gap in the dome 17 for the crucible to be placed, and placing the crucible to melt copper, aluminum and other metals into a melting furnace, or by designing the process as required for forging. For the cleanliness of the heated workpiece, such as enamel, baking varnish, etc., or the workpiece is inflammable, such as the heat treatment of the dried wood, etc., the arch crown 23 with the jet holes 17 is changed into a heat-dissipating plate, SO that the smoke can not enter the heating chamber 18, the smoke enters the chimney from the upper edge of the rear arch 23 along the ground plane 22, the discharged smoke has no black smoke and still has SO2、SO3、CO2The flue gas is subjected to drug desulfurization and CO removal in the purifier 202And then discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney 19 without any pollution. After heat treatment, the temperature of the discharged flue gas is hundreds of ℃, and conditional enterprises can comprehensively consider the recycling of waste heat. The coal-fired gasification industrial furnace has wide application and strong adaptability, can replace box-type and well-type electric furnaces and fuel oil and gas furnaces, and achieves the purposes of protecting the environment, saving energy, reducing the production cost and the like.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a fire coal gasification industrial furnace kiln, has the grate on the upper portion of base, has furnace on the grate, and there is the heating chamber upper portion or one side of furnace, and there is the discharge flue heating chamber one side, its characterized in that: the middle part of the hearth is provided with a partition wall (14) which divides the hearth into a gasification chamber (11) and a combustion chamber (6), a pipeline (24) which leads coal gas to enter the combustion chamber (6) is arranged between the top of the gasification chamber (11) and the combustion chamber (6), a partition plate is arranged between the upper part of the combustion chamber (6) and the lower part of the heating chamber (18), a plurality of spray holes (17) which are communicated with the combustion chamber (6) and the heating chamber (18) are arranged on the partition plate, the upper plane of the grate (1) is of a structure which can continuously move from the gasification chamber (11) to the combustion chamber (6), and an air inlet pipe (8) which is connected with a fan (26) is arranged below the grate (1).
2. The coal gasification industrial furnace kiln according to claim 1, wherein: the fire grate (1) is a chain fire grate, which consists of a front roller, a rear roller and chains hung on the two rollers, and the rollers are connected with rotary power.
3. The coal gasification industrial furnace kiln according to claim 1, wherein: gas pipelines (24) connected between the top of the gasification chamber (11) and the combustion chamber (6) respectively lead to the lower part of the fire grate (1) at the bottom of the combustion chamber (6) from two sides of the kiln.
4. The coal gasification industrial furnace kiln according to claim 1, wherein: and air inlet pipes (8) connected with the fan (26) below the fire grate (1) are respectively arranged at two sides of the kiln.
5. The coal gasification industrial furnace kiln according to claim 1, wherein: a flue gate (21) is arranged on the discharge flue.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200320106742 CN2656821Y (en) | 2003-10-30 | 2003-10-30 | Coal-fired gasification industrial furnace and kiln |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200320106742 CN2656821Y (en) | 2003-10-30 | 2003-10-30 | Coal-fired gasification industrial furnace and kiln |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2656821Y true CN2656821Y (en) | 2004-11-17 |
Family
ID=34341862
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200320106742 Expired - Fee Related CN2656821Y (en) | 2003-10-30 | 2003-10-30 | Coal-fired gasification industrial furnace and kiln |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN2656821Y (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102312078A (en) * | 2011-09-15 | 2012-01-11 | 北京京鲁兴华工业炉有限公司 | Heat treatment furnace with movable furnace cover |
| CN104515390A (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2015-04-15 | 柏家乐 | Intelligent aluminum melting furnace adopting bio-fuel |
| CN108332192A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-07-27 | 潍坊金丝达新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of boiler combustion device and its remodeling method |
-
2003
- 2003-10-30 CN CN 200320106742 patent/CN2656821Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102312078A (en) * | 2011-09-15 | 2012-01-11 | 北京京鲁兴华工业炉有限公司 | Heat treatment furnace with movable furnace cover |
| CN102312078B (en) * | 2011-09-15 | 2013-09-11 | 王家琪 | Heat treatment furnace with movable furnace cover |
| CN104515390A (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2015-04-15 | 柏家乐 | Intelligent aluminum melting furnace adopting bio-fuel |
| CN108332192A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-07-27 | 潍坊金丝达新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of boiler combustion device and its remodeling method |
| CN108332192B (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2020-12-18 | 刘振亮 | Boiler combustion device and modification method thereof |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |