CN2554473Y - 均匀给水的汽包配水装置 - Google Patents

均匀给水的汽包配水装置 Download PDF

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CN2554473Y
CN2554473Y CN 02268701 CN02268701U CN2554473Y CN 2554473 Y CN2554473 Y CN 2554473Y CN 02268701 CN02268701 CN 02268701 CN 02268701 U CN02268701 U CN 02268701U CN 2554473 Y CN2554473 Y CN 2554473Y
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sparge pipe
lambda
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刘福国
侯凡军
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ZHONGSHI CO Ltd SHANDONG
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ZHONGSHI CO Ltd SHANDONG
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Abstract

本实用新型公开了一种均匀给水的汽包配水装置,它包括给水总管和配水管,分配孔在配水管的轴向按照给出的方式进行变节距布置,能够保证给水沿汽包长度均匀分配,消除因分配不均造成的汽水工况的紊乱和两侧水位偏差,提高了电厂运行的安全性和经济性;这种配水装置布置简单,减少了在汽包上的开孔数量,并能保证给水沿汽包长度均匀分配。

Description

均匀给水的汽包配水装置
所属技术领域
本实用新型涉及到一种电站锅炉的汽包配水装置,特别是超高压、亚临界、大容量电站锅炉的汽包配水装置。
背景技术
汽包配水装置应保证给水沿汽包长度方向均匀分配,以组织合理的锅内水工况,通常,电站锅炉的给水总管进入汽包之前,分成若干支管;在汽包上开相同数量的孔,将各支管引入汽包,进行流量分配;由于汽包上的开孔数量较多,需要额外增加汽包的壁厚,从而增加钢材耗量,运行中还容易产生较大的热应力,加快汽包的寿命损耗。
为减少汽包上的开孔,FOSTER WHEELER公司开发了一种给水总管从汽包的单侧引入,在汽包内的配水管上开孔,向汽包供水的配水装置,但由于配水管上分配孔布置不合理,造成给水沿汽包长度方向分配不均,引起汽包两侧汽水沸腾状态和液体密度的差异,从而引起远程水位计水位输出的偏差,水位偏差缩小了水位的可调节区间,增加了水位保护的动作机会。
发明内容
为克服现有的单侧进水的汽包配水管不能保证给水沿汽包长度方向均匀分流的缺陷,本实用新型提供了一种既能减少汽包上的开孔数量,又能保证沿汽包长度方向均匀给水的汽包配水装置。
本实用新型解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:均匀给水的汽包配水装置包括给水总管和1~3个相同的配水管,其特点是,每个配水管的轴向按照变节距布置分配孔,分配孔的节距根据节距函数sj(x)算出: s j ( x ) = - λf 2 m j 2 3 DF 2 ( ξ i + ξ o ) x 3 + λf 2 m j 2 L - 2 kf 2 m j 2 D DF 2 ( ξ i + ξ o ) x 2 - λf 2 m j 2 L 2 - 4 kf 2 m j 2 LD DF 2 ( ξ i + ξ o ) x + c 0 . . . . . . ( 1 ) 配水管入口处的坐标x=0;式中的c0通过求解下面的方程获得: ∫ 0 L dx - λw 0 2 3 DL 2 ( ξ i + ξ o ) x 3 + λ w 0 2 L - 2 kw 0 2 D D ( ξ i + ξ o ) L 2 x 2 - λw 0 2 L - 4 kw 0 2 D D ( ξ i + ξ o ) L x + 2 ( p 0 - p b ) p ( ξ i + ξ o ) - λf 2 m j 2 3 D F 2 ( ξ i + ξ o ) x 3 + λf 2 m j 2 L - 2 kf 2 m j 2 D DF 2 ( ξ i + ξ o ) x 2 - λf 2 m j 2 L 2 - 4 kf 2 m j 2 LD DF 2 ( ξ i + ξ o ) x + c 0 = FW 0 fm j . . . . . . ( 2 ) 其中摩擦阻力系数λ根据下式计算: λ = 1 [ 1.74 + 2 lg ( D 2 k 1 ) 2 . . . . . . . ( 3 )
式(1)、(2)、(3)中的ξi为分配孔进口的阻力系数,ξi=0.7;ξo为分配孔出口的阻力系数,ξo=1.0;k为动量交换系数,k=0.38;k1为绝对粗糙度,mm,根据材料选取;其它参数按如下选取:
w0-配水管入口处的水流速度,w0=11~13m/s;
D-配水管的内径,m,根据w0、设计给水流量和配水管入口处的介质密
  度ρ确定;
L-配水管长度,m,根据汽包长度确定;
mj-配水管周向方向分配孔的列数;
d-分配孔的直径,m;
(p0-pb)-配水管的阻力,即配水管入口处的压力p0与汽包内压力pb之差,
        (p0-pb)=200~800Pa;
F-单根配水管的流通面积,m2;根据配水管的内径D得到;
f-单个分配孔的流通面积,m2;根据分配孔的直径d得到。
节距函数sj(x)确定以后,在配水管长度L上将sj(x)离散,可得到每排分配孔的位置和总排数。
配水管的内径D和分配孔的直径d之比D/d=7~11。
配水管周向方向的分配孔的列数mj取为1~2列。
本实用新型的有益效果是:汽包单侧进水,结构简单,减少了汽包上的开孔数量,同时,又能够保证给水沿汽包长度均匀分配,消除因分流不均造成的汽包内汽水工况的紊乱和两侧水位偏差,提高了电厂运行的安全性和经济性。
附图说明
图1是汽包配水装置的安装示意图;
图中(1)是汽包,(2)是给水总管,(3)是左侧配水管,(4)是右侧配水管,(5)是分配孔。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本实用新型进一步说明。
锅炉给水经过给水总管(2)进入汽包后,分成两支内径D=0.1524m、长度L=17.71m的配水管(3)、(4),在配水管(3)、(4)的周向布置2列、轴向布置150排分配孔(5),分配孔布置在配水管的两侧,分别与水平轴线成10°和45°,分配孔直径d=0.0175m,配水管入口处的坐标x=0,各排分配孔的轴向位置根据公式(1)计算确定的坐标如下:
            第n排分配孔        第n排分配孔的坐标x(m)
           1                   0.0365
           2                   0.0618
           3                   0.0879
           4                   0.1149
           5                   0.1428
           6                   0.1717
           7                   0.2014
           8                   0.2321
           9                   0.2636
           10                  0.2962
           11                  0.3296
           12                  0.3640
           13                  0.3993
           14                  0.4356
           15                  0.4729
           16                  0.5111
           17                  0.5504
           18                  0.5906
           19                  0.6318
           20                  0.6740
           21                  0.7172
           22                  0.7614
           23                  0.8067
           24                  0.8530
           25                  0.9003
           26                  0.9487
           27                  0.9982
           28                  1.0488
第n排分配孔        第n排分配孔的坐标x(m)
29                  1.1004
30                  1.1531
31                  1.2069
32                  1.2618
33                  1.3179
34                  1.3750
35                  1.4333
36                  1.4928
37                  1.5534
38                  1.6152
39                  1.6782
40                  1.7423
41                  1.8077
42                  1.8743
43                  1.9420
44                  2.0111
45                  2.0813
46                  2.1528
47                  2.2256
48                  2.2997
49                  2.3750
50                  2.4517
51                  2.5296
52                  2.6089
53                  2.6894
54                  2.7714
55                  2.8546
56                  2.9393
57                  3.0253
58                  3.1127
59                  3.2015
60                  3.2916
61                  3.3832
62                  3.4763
63                  3.5707
64                  3.6666
65                  3.7640
66                  3.8628
67                  3.9631
68                  4.0649
69                  4.1681
70                  4.2729
71                  4.3792
第n排分配孔         第n排分配孔的坐标x(m)
72                   4.4870
73                   4.5963
74                   4.7072
75                   4.8196
76                   4.9336
77                   5.0492
78                   5.1663
79                   5.2850
80                   5.4052
81                   5.5271
82                   5.6505
83                   5.7756
84                   5.9023
85                   6.0305
86                   6.1604
87                   6.2919
88                   6.4251
89                   6.5599
90                   6.6963
91                   6.8343
92                   6.9740
93                   7.1153
94                   7.2582
95                   7.4028
96                   7.5490
97                   7.6969
98                   7.8463
99                   7.9974
100                  8.1502
101                  8.3045
102                  8.4605
103                  8.6181
104                  8.7773
105                  8.9381
106                  9.1005
107                  9.2645
108                  9.4300
109                  9.5971
110                  9.7658
111                  9.9360
112                  10.1077
113                  10.2809
114                  10.4557
第n排分配孔         第n排分配孔的坐标x(m)
115                  10.6319
116                  10.8095
117                  10.9886
118                  11.1692
119                  11.3511
120                  11.5344
121                  11.7191
122                  11.9051
123                  12.0924
124                  12.2810
125                  12.4708
126                  12.6619
127                  12.8541
128                  13.0475
129                  13.2421
130                  13.4377
131                  13.6344
132                  13.8322
133                  14.0309
134                  14.2305
135                  14.4311
136                  14.6325
137                  14.8347
138                  15.0377
139                  15.2414
140                  15.4458
141                  15.6509
142                  15.8565
143                  16.0626
144                  16.2692
145                  16.4763
146                  16.6836
147                  16.8913
148                  17.0993
149                  17.3074
150                  17.5156

Claims (3)

1 一种均匀给水的汽包配水装置,它包括给水总管、配水管,其特征在于:
配水管的轴向变节距布置分配孔,分配孔的节距根据节距函数sj(x)算出: s j ( x ) = - λf 2 m j 2 3 D F 2 ( ξ i + ξ o ) x 3 + λf 2 m j 2 L - 2 k f 2 m j 2 D DF 2 ( ξ i + ξ o ) x 2 - λf 2 m j 2 L 2 - 4 kf 2 m j 2 LD DF 2 ( ξ i + ξ o ) x + c 0 . . . . . . ( 1 ) 配水管入口处的坐标x=0;式中的c0通过求解下面的方程获得: ∫ 0 L dx - λw 0 2 3 DL 2 ( ξ i + ξ o ) x 3 + λ w 0 2 L - 2 kw 0 2 D D ( ξ i + ξ o ) L 2 x 2 - λw 0 2 L - 4 kw 0 2 D D ( ξ i + ξ o ) L x + 2 ( p 0 - p b ) p ( ξ i + ξ o ) - λf 2 m j 2 3 D F 2 ( ξ i + ξ o ) x 3 + λf 2 m j 2 L - 2 kf 2 m j 2 D DF 2 ( ξ i + ξ o ) x 2 - λf 2 m j 2 L 2 - 4 kf 2 m j 2 LD DF 2 ( ξ i + ξ o ) x + c 0 = FW 0 fm j . . . . . . ( 2 ) 其中:
λ-磨擦阻力系数; λ = 1 [ 1.74 + 2 lg ( D 2 k 1 ) ] 2 . . . . . . . ( 3 )
w0-配水管入口处水的轴向流速,m/s,取11~13m/s;
(pb-p0)-配水管的设计阻力,取200~800Pa;
ρ-配水管入口处的介质密度,kg/m3
D-配水管的内径,m;
F-配水管的流通面积,m2
L-配水管的长度,m;
d-分配孔直径,m;
f-分配孔单孔的流通面积,m2
mj-分配孔的周向列数;
ξi-分配孔进口的阻力系数,ξi=0.7;
ξo-分配孔出口的阻力系数,ξo=1.0;
k-动量交换系数,k=0.38;
k1-绝对粗糙度,mm,根据配水管的材料选取。
2 按照权利要求1所述的均匀给水的汽包配水装置,其特征在于:配水管的内径D和分配孔的直径d之比D/d=7~11。
3 按照权利要求1所述的均匀给水的汽包配水装置,其特征在于:配水管周向方向的分配孔的列数mj取为1~2列。
CN 02268701 2002-08-02 2002-08-02 均匀给水的汽包配水装置 Expired - Fee Related CN2554473Y (zh)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101761909B (zh) * 2008-10-27 2011-07-27 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 余热锅炉
CN101761916B (zh) * 2008-10-27 2012-07-04 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 汽包

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101761909B (zh) * 2008-10-27 2011-07-27 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 余热锅炉
CN101761916B (zh) * 2008-10-27 2012-07-04 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 汽包

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