CN2513059Y - Micro floating calcining and dust filtering cement vertical kiln - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a micro floating calcining and dust filtering cement vertical kiln, relating to a kiln body, a flue pipe, a feeding belt and a discharger. The flue pipe is positioned on the side of the kiln body top, the feeding belt is on the superface of the kiln body, and the discharger is arranged at the lower end of the kiln body cavity. The upside of the discharger in the kiln body cavity is a straight cooling zone; the upper part of the cooling zone in the kiln body cavity is a scalariform burning zone drawing down upwards gradually; the upper part of the burning zone is a scalariform with shorter height and gradually hole enlarging, and the upper is another scalariform burning zone with even more shorter height and draws down gradually. The back cut of the top scalariform is a drying charge bank back cut; the upside of the drying charge bank back cut is provided with a hollow taper preheating wall bed which is supported at the flare opening inside the kiln body. The superface of the kiln body is provided with a hollow taper supply reservoir, and the kiln body is arranged inside a temperature thermocouple. The cement vertical kiln changes the reaction conditions of the movement of wind feed and high liquid, changes the calcining effect, and avoids the bug of the calcining out of control. The utility model improves the production capacity and pressive strength of the cement, and stops the damage of dust discharging outside the kiln; and has the operating condition of using the microcomputer full automatic control.

Description

Little floating calcining filter dirt cement in vertical kiln

Technical field:

The utility model relates to a kind of shaft kiln of producing cement, especially a kind of little floating calcining filter dirt cement in vertical kiln.

Background technology:

Produce the shaft kiln of cement, its inner chamber is straight barrel type substantially, relying on the material block gap to ventilate calcines, because of the serious discharging imbalance of luming and causing, make the material piece in the subsiding of continuous displacement frame, formed extremely uneven ventilation condition and mixed calcining across, made charge level cause unmanageable wind-tunnel pinkeye, refining limit fire, ventilation dead band and the serious outer dust discharge of kiln partially.It is mobile that the hole that subsides causes easy stream pellet to bypass the immediate leadership, and forms mixed calcining from bottom to top.This calcining manners has not only destroyed orderly calcining effect, and has formed the reduction differentiation that can not fully cool off, has caused the catastrophic fluctuation of clinker burning quality, has influenced the stable of cement quality.Not only production efficiency is low for these defectives, poor product quality, and because of serious kiln effluxes dust pollution environment and the heavy operating condition that is difficult to break away from, and can not adapt to the requirement of modern production.

Summary of the invention:

The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of little floating calcining filter dirt cement in vertical kiln, changes pre-burning, burns till action condition and thermal change mode with salband, the calcination condition that shape can uniform high-efficiency.

The purpose of this utility model realizes as follows: this little floating calcining filter dirt cement in vertical kiln, relate to the kiln body, chimney, feeding belt machine and discharger, chimney is at the top of kiln body side, the feeding belt machine is on kiln body end face, discharger is arranged on the lower end of kiln intracoelomic cavity, the top of discharger is straight tubular salband in the kiln intracoelomic cavity, its feature is: the top of salband is the progressively trapezoidal shape clinkering zone of undergauge that makes progress in the kiln intracoelomic cavity, the top of clinkering zone is the trapezoidal shape of short progressively hole enlargement of height, upwards be again the trapezoidal shape of highly shorter progressively undergauge again, topmost trapezoidal shape is suitable for reading suitable for reading for drying the bed of material, there is the open circles taper preheating castor bed that is supported on kiln intracoelomic cavity horn mouth place oven dry bed of material top suitable for reading, blanking port is arranged around the end portion that preheating castor bed contacts with kiln body inwall, the end face of kiln body is provided with open circles taper accumulator, the blanking end upper-lower position of the suitable for reading and feeding belt machine of accumulator is corresponding, and the ogival of the end opening of accumulator and preheating castor bed leaves the distance that is used for blanking between dividing.

The lower end kiln body wall of clinkering zone is provided with down thermocouple, adjusts discharge rate according to its temperature measuring parameter; Middle part at the trapezoidal shape of kiln body inwall hole enlargement is provided with thermocouple, adjusts ventilation according to its temperature measuring parameter.

On the discharging opening of discharger, be provided with the discharging thermocouple, detect the cooling capacity of salband, when temperature is high, just the clinkering zone parameter is turned down, strengthen the salband height, prolong cool time by it; Otherwise, oppositely regulate.On chimney, be provided with well as exhaust thermocouples, detect delivery temperature,, can reduce air quantity or improve the accumulator position and strengthen wet material layer thickness if temperature is high and when micro-dust emission is arranged by it; When temperature is hanged down, oppositely regulate.

Accumulator is that a upper-lower position movably installs, and raises the thickness that it can strengthen wet feed layer on the preheating castor bed, can reduce the thickness of wet feed layer during the whereabouts.

This little floating calcining dust-filtering kiln, changed the wind material dynamically and high liquid reactive condition.Change the calcining effect of shaft kiln and stopped the defective of calcining out of control.Production capacity can improve more than 50%; By former batching scheme, compression strength improved 5MP in 28 days _aMore than; Grog Kg hear rate can reduce below 900 kilocalories; Can stop the outer dust discharge harm of kiln; Has the service condition that adopts the microcomputer Automatic Control.

Description of drawings:

Accompanying drawing is the structural representation of the little floating calcining filter dirt cement in vertical kiln of the utility model.

The specific embodiment:

With reference to accompanying drawing, this little floating calcining filter dirt cement in vertical kiln relates to kiln body 15, chimney 16, feeding belt machine 2 and discharger 13, chimney 16 is at the top of kiln body 15 side, feeding belt machine 2 is on kiln body 15 end faces, discharger 13 is arranged on the lower end of kiln body 15 inner chambers, the top of discharger 13 is straight tubular salband 12 in kiln body 15 inner chambers, the top of salband 12 is the progressively trapezoidal shape clinkering zone 10 of undergauge that makes progress in kiln body 15 inner chambers, the top of clinkering zone 10 is trapezoidal shapes of short progressively hole enlargement of height, upwards be again the trapezoidal shape of highly shorter progressively undergauge again, topmost trapezoidal shape is suitable for reading for drying the bed of material suitable for reading 7, there is the open circles taper preheating castor bed 5 that is supported on kiln body 15 inner chamber horn mouth places the top of the oven dry bed of material suitable for reading 7, blanking port is arranged around the end portion that preheating castor bed 5 contacts with kiln body 15 inwalls, the end face of kiln body 15 is provided with movably open circles taper accumulator 3 of upper-lower position, the blanking end upper-lower position of the suitable for reading and feeding belt machine 2 of accumulator 3 is corresponding, and the ogival of the end opening of accumulator 3 and preheating castor bed 5 leaves the distance that is used for blanking between dividing.The wet feed ball that sends from feeding belt machine 2 drops on preheating castor bed 5 formation wet feed layers 4, and the height of adjusting accumulator 3 can change the thickness of wet feed layer 4.The lower end kiln body wall of clinkering zone 10 is provided with down thermocouple 11; Middle part at the trapezoidal shape of kiln body inwall hole enlargement is provided with thermocouple 8.On the discharging opening of discharger 13, be provided with discharging thermocouple 14; On chimney, be provided with well as exhaust thermocouples 1.

From last thermocouple more than 8 the I to the accumulator 3 partly be the preheating baking zone that has filter dirt effect and the siccative ball is provided for high-temperature calcination; Be to have the high temperature firing zone II that reduces clinkering zone 10 calcined densities and high-temperature residual heat absorption between following thermocouple 11 and the last thermocouple 8; Following thermocouple 11 is cooling zone III to the straight barrel type inner chamber between the discharger 13.

Three sections, with high temperature firing zone II is the center, having the cooling zone III of even ventilation condition,, make the preheating oven dry and evenly ventilate to be cooled to firing zone the condition that enlarges the calcining capacity and create efficient calcining is provided by the thermal control effect of thermocouple 8,11 up and down.Below analyze respectively:

1, central role of high-temperature calcination

The high-temperature calcination district is boundary with small-bore 9, divides two parts up and down.Thermocouple 8 is being the pre-burning district that high-temperature residual heat absorbs down to small-bore 9.It can make the siccative ball after the oven dry, after the pre-burning of the liquid reactive heat release flame of height, enters the clinkering zone 10 with diffusion fluidised form with the combustion state for the treatment of of high temperature, in having the diffusion fluidised form of abundant combustion-supporting condition, produces fulminant burning.Its active state is: the siccative ball after the oven dry is deposited in the horn mouth of thermocouple below 8, and the floating holder of the metering function by small-bore 9 and this flow velocity air-flow after absorbing clinkering zone 10 high-temperature residual heats, treats that with high temperature the combustion state is with moving up into clinkering zone 10 under the discharging.The multistage trapezoidal of clinkering zone 10 outer walls makes high temperature pellet to be fired in fully combustion-supporting diffusion fluidised form, be subjected to the floating holder and superfluous limit wind entad the brushing of wind at the bottom of the high temperature in trapezoidal kiln wall refraction, air-flow fully contacts with pellet, producing jumbo detonation heat discharges, form the hot sudden turn of events of high heating power intensity, and the hot sudden turn of events liquid phase form, produce the reaction condition that solid-liquid phase basic synchronization is carried out.

The effect of salband 12 easily broken chillings has been shortened cool time, thereby has been prolonged the flow process of clinkering zone 10, and the time of abundant reaction is provided for solid-liquid phase reaction; The long-pending diffusion fluidised form of enlarged cross section gradually, the liquid phase pellet that limited flow is burnt till in the hot sudden turn of events of monomer detonation that reduces density gradually, is subjected to the floating holder of combustion air current, forms to be lower than the little floating calcining that moves down flow velocity.The little floating liquid phase pellet of low-density is subjected to the separation of air-flow, in reducing little the floating of density, has avoided merging into mutually the situation of block, has formed the combustion-supporting condition of ventilation of high surface area.

Central role of high temperature firing zone II by the special calcining of two kinds of structures, makes the hot sudden turn of events of oven dry pellet by two thermal change processes, has not only improved the thermal efficiency of self, and has dried the basis of having created efficient thermal change with efficient cooling for preheating.At first be the little floating calcining of clinkering zone 10, can make the little floating monomer liquid phase pellet of low-density, change the material block structure for salband 12 provides, form the evenly efficient cooling condition on ventilation basis; Simultaneously, the detonation heat effect of little floating calcining has formed the quick-fried heat of high temperature of high heating power intensity, by the small-bore pre-burning that deposits the siccative layer more than 9, both,, provided the temperature of suitably efficient preheating oven dry for the preheating oven dry again by pre-burning heat absorption cooling for clinkering zone 10 provides high temperature detonation condition.

2, the salband on the even basis that ventilates

Create the salband 12 of steady ordered calcination condition, by having the little floating liquid phase pellet that burns till of monomer, at the liquid phase net heat attenuation state of fuel after-flame, under instructing, thermocouple 11 design temperature parameters regulate discharge rate, and make it in the diffusion fluidised form that more amass the heavy in section, enter salband 12.Liquid phase viscosity in the cooling improves, and makes monomer liquid phase pellet in the dynamic contact of discharging, and adhesion becomes to keep the adhesion body of even ventilation condition.Temperature with high efficiency speed and adhesion bond strength low easily broken the act on performance that changed shaft kiln calcination of this adhesion body because of having kept even ventilation cooling: the one, the even ventilation condition behind the change material block structure can make the grog that burns till stablize burning quality because of obtaining cooling rapidly; The 2nd, the effect that improves gas flow temperature in rapid cooling provides the efficient combustion-supporting condition of rapid calcining for clinkering zone 10; The 3rd, the easy breakage properties after the change pellet structure can be under the condition that keeps balance unloading, and the order that has that formation preheating, oven dry and high temperature burn till is calcined; The 4th, the sharply efficient effect of cooling because of shortening cool time, has reduced the height of salband 12, thereby has created condition for the height that improves clinkering zone 10 enlarges the calcining volume.

3, the filter dirt effect that has the high efficiency drying preheating

By the filter dirt effect that drying and forewarm forms, be the tangible embodiment that the order calcining is arranged, also be to change mode of operation, stop the outer dust discharge of kiln and avoid the detailed process of a large amount of heat loss.Be in small-bore 9 and the alms bowl type structure of oven dry between the bed of material suitable for reading 7 in, thermocouple is the oven dry bed of material more than 8.

The basis of high efficiency drying is suitable bake out temperature.Because when temperature is too high, skin is done easily, is unfavorable for free evaporation of water, even causes the pellet explosion, and influence is calcining efficiently; Temperature is low excessively, then prolongs drying time, the requirement of incompatible efficient calcining.The temperature that is suitable for drying requirement is to regulate by the ventilation in the pre-burning to produce.The mechanism of its operation is:

In clinkering zone 10, the combustion-supporting effect that definite value is ventilated, along with the combustion-supporting disappearance that combustion-supporting volume enlarges, waste heat flame with the fluidised form of polymerization entad, does not have the pre-burning of combustion-supporting effect in the pre-burning bed of material under small-bore 9 refraction.The waste heat flame of pre-burning is subjected to the influence of undergauge gradually of clinkering zone 10 limit walls, in improving constantly flow velocity, enters the pre-burning bed of material of big basal area, and the pre-burning bed of material is formed gasification, makes the pre-burning bed of material carry out pre-burning in loose even heat conducting heat absorption.Along with the increase of pre-burning amount, calcined temperature reduces gradually, forms the temperature of suitable drying requirement, carries out the oven dry under the felicity condition.Detonation heat in the clinkering zone 10, because of joining the fluctuation of heat, the bake out temperature after the pre-burning also is difficult to stablize, but bake out temperature has been stablized in the cool adjusting of thermal control effect.Act on the bake out temperature of formation with this, not only adapt to the requirement of high efficiency drying, and created the filter dirt effect of efficient preheating.

Thermal current after the proper temperature oven dry, undergauge effect by the oven dry bed of material suitable for reading 7 makes the Free water steam of evaporation accelerate flow velocity, with the fluidised form of polymerization entad, the pre-thermal material layer 6 of preheating comb bed 5 following peripherals in the space under the preheating castor bed 5, is formed the intensification of suspended state.Wet feed layer 4 on the preheating castor bed 5 is regulated by the thickness of accumulator 3, form suitable covering resistance, make the raising of high-temperature vapor with stream pressure, in the space under the preheating castor bed 5, form static pressure, overcome on following portion preheating wet feed layer 6 and the preheating castor bed 5 cover the wet feed layer resistance after, enter in the wet feed layer, in the high-temperature vapour condensation, formed the filter dirt effect of moisture film preheating.

Be not difficult to find out two effects are arranged with suitable bake out temperature from above process: the one, suitable temperature can be accelerated drying rate; The 2nd, suitable bake out temperature can pine for producing the effect with the effect of filter dirt in advance.The detailed process that its effect forms is:

Suitable bake out temperature is with efficient heat conducting effect, Free water in the spheroid is evaporated rapidly, and with the hot quickening flow velocity of high temperature, make pre-thermal material layer 6 under the preheating castor bed 5 under the buoyancy of air-flow, form little floating state continuing and heat up, and make the Free water of separation carry out heat exchange to the wet feed layer on the preheating castor bed 54 with vapor state.Have the bigger temperature difference between wet feed layer 4 under the normal temperature state and the high-temperature vapour, thereby 4 pairs of high-temperature vapor of wet feed layer form condensation, form uniform condensation film on low temperature pellet surface.This condensation film has not only been brought into play the efficient conduction of heat of hydrone, has accelerated the preheating speed, and the dust that is mixed in the high-temperature vapour is melted in the condensation film, sticks to the pellet surface, has formed the filter dirt effect of moisture film preheating.

Wet feed layer 4 stable dynamic evenly ventilation condition are the keys of accelerating the preheating speed and forming the effect of moisture film preheating filter dirt.The floating holder of 5 pairs of wet feed layers 4 of preheating castor bed has possessed this condition.Its active state is: the wet feed layer is dynamic on the preheating castor bed 5, is to flow downward along the slope, and the condition that flows is: the moisture film of pellet breaks away from wet sticking state with the preheating pellet and moves down along preheating castor bed 5 in the double evaporation-cooling of pre-heating temperature elevation.The pellet of high temperature hygrometric state because the evaporation again of moisture film, the Free water in the spheroid is also separated with pellet under gaseous state, this separation has not only reduced the water content of spheroid, and formed be easy to disperse, the half-dried pellet of low water content.This half-dried pellet is in the dispersion voluntarily that air-flow floats, and the influence that moved down by the gradient of preheating castor bed 5 has just formed the preheating filter dirt effect of even covering resistance in the overall dynamics that discharging moves down.

4, the running status with thermal control effect has the novel kiln of thermal control effect, is the action effect that has formed normal operation under the thermal control effect.The thermal control effect is the operational means of normal operation, also is to give full play to structure function, produces the basis of Expected Results.This shaft kiln has 8,11 and two of the thermocouples up and down of two-layer guiding operation to instruct discharging thermocouple 14, the well as exhaust thermocouples 1 of optimal operational condition.Following thermocouple 11 is set for stablizing clinkering zone 10 lowest limits, control burning quality and changing the material block structure, and last thermocouple 8 is to set for controlling bake out temperature, guarantee high efficiency drying and forming efficient moisture film preheating filter dirt.Discharging thermocouple 14, well as exhaust thermocouples 1 detect the temperature of discharging and toxic emission respectively, establish for planning as a whole to regulate running status.The concrete condition that is in operation is as follows:

Following thermocouple 11 is installed between the salband 12 of high temperature clinkering zone 10 and sharply cooling.Have little floating grog that burns till,, determine the temperature parameter of best sintering effect, regulate the rotating speed of device for discharging 13, in time fuel after-flame and the net heat decay pellet that is in liquid phase state are moved down into salband 12 coolings by physical and chemical inspection in service.This regulatory function, the one, can utilize the pellet that burns till that liquid phase easily looses, in the liquid phase viscosity of bigger diffusion improved, adhesion became to keep even ventilation condition and breakable adhesion body, guaranteed the balance unloading and the even steady ordered calcined basis of cooling; The 2nd, with the temperature of definite value, guarantee to burn till the best high-quality state of grog; The 3rd, that guarantees the definite value temperature burns till, cools off boundary, makes the wind of the combustion-supporting end after cooling heats up produce combustion-supporting effect more than the boundary at this, makes clinkering zone 10 be stabilized in this more than boundary, guarantees the expansion height of clinkering zone 10, the condition that formation is expanded production capacity.

Thermocouple 14 in the dipleg of discharger 13, show on control flow that at any time discharge temp, the demonstration of this temperature are the temperature datas of check salband 12 cooling capacities.Cooling capacity is low, and its temperature parameter height can be turned down the firing temperature parameter, makes salband 12 extended heights, prolongs cool time; If displays temperature is low, illustrate that then cooling capacity is big, under this state, can heighten firing temperature slightly, with the method that improves chilling temperature, reduce the salband height, enlarge the calcining ability of burning till, improve output.Generally speaking, the discharge temp in the dipleg makes clinkering zone 10 enlarge output under the greatest limit effect a little more than normal temperature, and its on-road efficiency is more much higher than the low temperature hot driving benefit of low temp. material, and being in operation depends on the circumstances.This temperature parameter in sum, though not direct regulation and control running status, the demonstration by this temperature parameter, can consider and regulate the running status of optimum efficiency as a whole.

Last thermocouple 8 is mounted in the thermal controls apparatus between the pre-burning and the oven dry bed of material, and its effect is by regulating ventilation, selecting best bake out temperature.Its effect is by last thermocouple 8 temperature displayed parameters, according to the filter dirt requirement of moisture film preheating, and the control bake out temperature.Pre-thermal material layer on preheating castor bed 5 is excessive because of humidity, moves down dynamically inhomogeneously, and the exhaust jet stream difference is excessive, can improve bake out temperature by regulating ventilation, reduces the humidity of pre-thermal material layer 4, and dynamic wet feed layer 4 is produced uniformly dynamically.If it is too high that the exhaust temperature of wet feed layer 4 shows by the thermocouple on the chimney 1, and micro-dust emission is arranged, both can reduce bake out temperature by the restriction air quantity, form the exhaust temperature of suitable preheating filter dirt.If operation is normal, just exhaust temperature incompatibility requirement also can show according to the temperature of thermocouple 1, by the displacement up and down of accumulator 3, regulates the thickness of wet feed layer 4, forms best exhaust temperature.Because being upper-lower positions, movably installs by accumulator 3.

Normally in service, the continuous feeding of feeding belt machine 2 makes to have kept certain material level in the accumulator 3.Move on the accumulator 3,, just can thicken wet feed layer 4 because of having enlarged the distance of accumulator 3 and preheating castor bed 5; Instead then accumulator 3 moves down, and can reduce the thickness of wet feed layer 4.This performance that can be shifted up and down can produce the efficient pre-heat effect of suitable exhaust temperature equally.

The thermal control more important role of last thermocouple 8 also is to control the proper temperature of pre-burning, considers that from the requirement of efficient calcining temperature is high more, and it is big more to enter in the clinkering zone 10 the hot burst size of detonation, and calcination efficiency is high more.But the limit of calcined temperature must be controlled at the state that pre-burning does not produce liquid phase, otherwise, will influence normal operation because of sintering piece into.Generally speaking, the raw material of suitable coal blending, calcined temperature is stable.But coal blending is too high, or the calorific value fluctuation is excessive, keeps normal calcining though can regulate air quantity by the thermal control effect, but regulates the heat of joining of calcining raw material, will have more effective thermal control effect.

Claims (4)

1, a kind of little floating calcining filter dirt cement in vertical kiln, relate to the kiln body, chimney, feeding belt machine and discharger, chimney is at the top of kiln body side, the feeding belt machine is on kiln body end face, discharger is arranged on the lower end of kiln intracoelomic cavity, the top of discharger is straight tubular salband in the kiln intracoelomic cavity, it is characterized in that: the top of salband is the progressively trapezoidal shape clinkering zone (10) of undergauge that makes progress in kiln body (15) inner chamber, the top of clinkering zone (10) is the trapezoidal shape of short progressively hole enlargement of height, upwards be again the trapezoidal shape of highly shorter progressively undergauge again, topmost trapezoidal shape is suitable for reading for drying the bed of material (7) suitable for reading, there is the open circles taper preheating castor bed (5) that is supported on kiln body (15) inner chamber horn mouth place the top of the oven dry bed of material (7) suitable for reading, blanking port is arranged around the end portion that preheating castor bed (5) contacts with kiln body (15) inwall, the end face of kiln body (15) is provided with open circles taper accumulator (3), the blanking end upper-lower position of the suitable for reading and feeding belt machine (2) of accumulator (3) is corresponding, and the ogival of the end opening of accumulator (3) and preheating castor bed (5) leaves the distance that is used for blanking between dividing.

2, little floating calcining filter dirt cement in vertical kiln according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: lower end kiln body (15) wall of clinkering zone (10) is provided with down thermocouple (11); Middle part at the trapezoidal shape of kiln body (15) inwall hole enlargement is provided with thermocouple (8).

3, little floating calcining filter dirt cement in vertical kiln according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with discharging thermocouple (14) on the discharging opening of discharger (13); On chimney (16), be provided with well as exhaust thermocouples (1).

4, little floating calcining filter dirt cement in vertical kiln according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: accumulator (3) is that a upper-lower position movably installs.