CN2476738Y - Machanical moving grate back blowing type coal gasification combustion environmental protection coal-fired boiler - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a mechanical moving grate back blowing type coal gasification combustion environmental. The boiler which is a single canister is vertically arranged. Inferior part of the grate bar is provided with a coal gas room and a wind room, the coal gas enter the burning machine via pipes and burned. The hearth is divided into the inferior part and the superior part by a chimney arch which is provided with a grate bar on the posterior part, the convection face being heated is a screw thread smoke pipe. An air warm-up machine is arranged on the rump. The production, burning and heat exchanging of the coal gas in the boiler are triune. The problems of black smoke discharging and original dust thickness exceeding the standard of the raw coal incompact burning boiler are well solved by the utility model.

Description

A kind of mechanical travelling grate back flushing type coal gasification combustion environment-friendly type coal-burning boiler

The utility model relates to a kind of mechanical travelling grate back flushing type coal gasification combustion environment-friendly type coal-burning boiler.

The Industrial Boiler of industrially developed country is a fuel with oil, gas mainly, and coal is not the main fuel of Industrial Boiler.There are own distinctive energy resource structure characteristics in China, with the industrially developed country that with nuclear power, oil, natural gas is main primary energy great difference is arranged.China can not change in quite long period based on the energy resource structure of coal.For many years, industrial boilers in China adopts the mode of scatter fire of raw coal always, and energy utilization rate is low, and is serious to air environmental pollution.According to statistics, the main atmosphere pollution that China's coal combustion process is discharged, as dust, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide etc., total amount accounts for 96% of all fuel combustion discharge capacitys, obviously, this situation produces serious restriction to the sustainable development of Chinese national economy.Therefore, the developing country as a coal is a main energy sources has the very big market advantage and potentiality to be exploited aspect the development and use of coal clean burning technology.The coal gasification combustion boiler that coal gasification technology and boiler technology are organically combined is to realize one of main method that the clean and effective of coal utilizes.Coal gasification is one of main method of coal processing and utilization.Produce gaseous fuel by coal, the history in existing more than 100 year.Different along with process condition and gasifying agent can obtain different types of coal gas product: as domestic fuel gas, and the chemical industry synthetic raw gas, industrial fuel gas etc., industrial fuel gas wherein is mainly used in the fuel of industrial furnace.The coal gasification technology is quite ripe, at home and abroad is used widely, has the gasification furnace of various ways to put into commercial operation.But these gasification process are sent into boiler combustion as the coal gas that will adopt the production of centralized system gas method by pipeline based on centralized system gas, and its cost will be directly coal-fired 4-6 times, and with the present national economy situation of China, it applies very difficulty.The coal gasification combustion boiler that looses can improve boiler thermal output, reduces the original discharge concentration of blackness of exhaustion and boiler significantly, belongs to energy saving and environment friendly boiler.China just carried out the research of coal gasification combustion boiler and used as far back as the seventies.These boilers adopt split type layout, promptly produce coal gas by gazogene, pass through pipeline then, coal gas sent in the burner that is arranged in boiler burn, split type layout makes that the floor space of boiler is big, boiler structure is complicated, security reliability is poor, and the granularity requirements to fuel is higher, and its cost is higher than general boiler far away.

The utility model proposes a kind of mechanical travelling grate back flushing type coal gasification combustion environment-friendly type coal-burning boiler at the deficiency that prior art exists.

Elaborate the utility model principle and structure below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is that single drum, longitudinal are arranged, adopts traveling-grate stoker, and coal is a fuel to loose.Boiler is made of several parts such as burner, boiler body, air preheaters.Burner is made of coal bunker 6, cinder plate 7, fire grate 17, air compartment 4, gas chamber 5, slag notch 3 etc.Wherein, coal bunker 6 is positioned at burner foremost, and cinder plate 7 is arranged in the rear portion of coal bunker 6, and its adjustable height is used to regulate coal seam thickness.The space of the bottom of fire grate is divided into several cells, and wherein, anterior several cells are gas chamber 5, and several cells at rear portion are air compartment 4.Air compartment 4 is connected with the hot-blast outlet of air preheater 22, and the gas burner 1 on the walls is connected gas chamber 5 by gas piping 26, back gas piping 2 on gas piping under the side 30, the side and after being arranged in upper furnace 28.Boiler body is arranged in the top of burner.Wherein, burner hearth is divided into upper furnace 28 and lower hearth 29, is separated by chimney arch 9 between upper furnace 28 and the lower hearth 29, has placed fire grate 17 at the rear portion of chimney arch 9, and the upper and lower of fire grate 17 has been arranged fire door 18 and ash door 16 respectively.In the front portion of upper furnace 28 is front smoke chamber 8, and the rear portion of upper furnace 28 is a drum 14.Drum 14 internal placement smoke pipe 13, Pressure gauge base 10, safety valve base 11, manhole 12, steam outlet pipe seat 15, feedwater base 19, venting base 20 have been arranged in top.Weld with drum 14 and collection case 27 respectively at the two ends of water-cooling wall 23.Whole burner hearth is coated among the furnace wall 24.The fume side import of air preheater 22 is connected on the boiler body by flue 21, and the fume side outlet is connected with the outlet flue 25 of boiler.The course of work of boiler is as follows: coal leaves in the coal bunker 6, along with the rotation of fire grate 17, enters in the lower hearth 29, and coal seam thickness is regulated by cinder plate 7.The fuel that enters lower hearth 29 is accepted fire burns from the heat of back of furnace row flue gas and the radiations heat energy of chimney arch 9, flow downward with flue gas from back of furnace row, carry out reduction reaction, the coal gas that produces passes fire grate 17 and enters gas chamber 5, when the fuel motion that does not have completing combustion in the fire grate front portion is to the fire grate on the top that is positioned at air compartment 4, will carry out combustion reaction with the air that enters from air compartment 4.The lime-ash that burning produces is discharged boiler by slag notch 3.Coal gas in the gas chamber 5 enters gas burner 1 by gas piping 26, back gas piping 2 on gas piping under the side 30, the side, coal gas is used on the fire grate 17 burnt fuel and lights, the flue gas that burning produces flows through in upper furnace 28, carry out radiation heat transfer with the part that water wall 23 on the both walls and drum are exposed in the upper furnace 28, enter smoke pipe 13 by front smoke chamber 8 again, parallel baffled in smoke pipe 13, flue-gas temperature further reduces.At last, discharge boiler through fume side, the boiler outlet flue 23 of flue 21, air preheater 22.Fire grate 17 is a fixed grate, by fire door 18 coals, and ash door 16 deashings.Air after air preheater 22 heating is divided into two-way, and one the tunnel sends into air compartment 4, the gasification of coal supply; Gas burner 1 is sent on another road, and burning gives gas.Water enters boiler by feedwater base 19, flows in water pipe system, by the part of water-cooling wall 23, drum 14, the heat that smoke pipe 13 absorbs flue gas, becomes hot water or steam, by sender property outlet base 15 output boilers.For guaranteeing the safe operation of boiler, on drum top safety valve base 9 is housed, during the boiler superpressure, safety valve is opened pressure release automatically.

The utlity model has following advantage:

(1) adopts mechanical travelling grate back flushing type gazogene with the raw coal gasification, and combustion, thoroughly solved the over-emitting black exhaust of scatter fire of raw coal boiler and the problem that the boiler initial dust-density emission exceeds standard.

(2) coal gas generation, burning, the heat exchange Trinity, boiler structure is simple, takes up an area of for a short time, and cost is low.

(3) owing to adopt the back flushing type gazogene, when having a power failure, the coal gas generation can stop automatically, and the security of boiler is fully guaranteed.

(4) base of mechanical travelling grate bottom is furnished with automatic removing and leaks device for coal and explosion protection system, make boiler can be safely, stable, move continuously.

(5) because the raw coal gasification temperature is lower than ignition temperature, therefore, if add calcium-based desulfurizing agent, will the desulfuration efficiency of grate furnace be improved greatly at the gasification bottom, solved since grate furnace in the combustion zone desulfurization, because the low problem of desulfuration efficiency that causes of burning coal layer temperature height.

(6) arrange the naked light fire grate in the boiler, guaranteed in time catching fire and smooth combustion of coal gas.

Fig. 1 is the utility model principle assumption diagram.

Fig. 2 is the utility model Figure 1A-A cutaway view.

Embodiment: DZL2-1.0-A, H

Rated capacity: 4t/h

Pressure: 1.25Mpa

Vapor (steam) temperature: saturated

Feed temperature: 20,60 ℃

Fuel: bituminous coal, brown coal

Boiler overall dimensions: 7332 * 2494 * 3526

Drum diameter: 1400mm

The original dust exhausting concentration of boiler :≤180mg/Nm ³

Blackness of exhaustion:＜1 lingemann grade

Claims (1)

1, a kind of mechanical travelling grate back flushing type coal gasification combustion environment-friendly type coal-burning boiler, it is characterized in that: mainly by burner, boiler body, air preheater is formed, wherein, coal bunker [6] is positioned at burner foremost, cinder plate [7] is arranged in the rear portion of coal bunker [6], its adjustable height, be used to regulate coal seam thickness, the space of the bottom of fire grate is divided into several cells, wherein, anterior several cells are gas chamber [5], several cells at rear portion are air compartment [4], air compartment [4] is connected with the hot-blast outlet of air preheater [22], gas chamber [5] is by gas piping under the side [30], gas piping on the side [26], back gas piping [2] is connected with gas burner [1] on being arranged in upper furnace [28] back wall, boiler body is arranged in the top of burner, burner hearth is divided into upper furnace [28] and lower hearth [29], separate by chimney arch [9] between upper furnace [28] and the lower hearth [29], placed fire grate [17] at the rear portion of chimney arch [9], the upper and lower of fire grate [17] has been arranged fire door [18] and ash door [16] respectively, in the front portion of upper furnace [28] is front smoke chamber [8], the rear portion of upper furnace [28] is drum [14], drum [14] internal placement smoke pipe [13], Pressure gauge base [10] has been arranged on top, safety valve base [11], manhole [12], steam outlet pipe seat [15], feedwater base [19], venting base [20], weld with drum [14] and collection case [27] respectively at the two ends of water-cooling wall [23], whole burner hearth is coated among the furnace wall [24], the fume side import of air preheater [22] is connected on the boiler body by flue [21], and the fume side outlet is connected with the outlet flue [25] of boiler.

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