CN201706509U

CN201706509U - Garbage incineration boiler

Info

Publication number: CN201706509U
Application number: CN2010202384963U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 项光明; 李�荣; 朱琳珺
Original assignee: WAI MING ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION EQUIPMENT CO Ltd
Current assignee: WAI MING ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION EQUIPMENT CO Ltd
Priority date: 2010-06-23
Filing date: 2010-06-23
Publication date: 2011-01-12
Anticipated expiration: 2020-06-23

Abstract

The utility model discloses a garbage incineration boiler which mainly comprises a hearth, a complete combustion chamber, three flues and a tail flue, wherein the complete combustion chamber, the three flues and the tail flue are sequentially connected behind the hearth, a boiler drum is installed above the hearth, the lower part of the hearth is provided with a fire grate, and slag and ash discharge equipment is installed below the fire grate. The garbage incineration boiler is characterized in that the fire grate is a reciprocating multi-row type fire grate, an auxiliary burner is installed on a side wall at the lower part of the hearth, an ignition burner is installed on a back wall at the lower part of the hearth, and high-temperature fume air preheaters and superheaters are sequentially arranged in the three flues from bottom to top. By the utility model, the sufficient combustion and the complete combustion of domestic garbage with low heat value, high water content and high ash content are achieved in the garbage incineration boiler, the generation of harmful gas can be effectively suppressed, steam generated by the boiler is used for generating power and supplying steam, and the reduction, the harmlessness and the reclamation of garbage disposal are realized at maximum.

Description

A kind of garbage burning boiler

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of technology of garbage as resource, specifically is meant a kind ofly rubbish to be burned and produces steam is used to generate electricity and the garbage burning boiler of steam supply.

Background technology

Along with the development of urban economy construction and the raising of living standards of the people, the house refuse amount of generation increases year by year.Current, the method for domestic rubbish disposal includes sanitary landfills, burning and compost.And have minimizing, burning mode innoxious, the resource characteristics is best at present trash processing way.Carrying out incineration treatment of garbage by the development garbage burning boiler, is the effective way of handling domestic waste.

The waste incineration type of furnace mainly contains at present: stoker fired grate incinerator, fluidized bed incinerator, gasification and melting stove and rotary kiln type incinerator.Wherein, the stoker fired grate incinerator is the main flow equipment of incinerator.But carry out garbage disposal with the existing mechanical grate incinerator and but run into following problem: because the domestic waste ash content height of China, flammable composition is low, water content is high, and along with changes of seasons, the rubbish composition changes greatly, especially winter, refuse thermal value is low, it is low to add environment temperature, northern area particularly, environment temperature is lower, rubbish fermentation is difficulty relatively, and then causes rubbish the fire burns difficulty, and the incineration firing situation is relatively poor, temperature is lower in the incinerator, and the dioxin harmful substance can't effectively be suppressed.

The utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is in order to overcome the shortcoming and defect that prior art exists, and provide a kind of house refuse that can burn domestic low heat value, high moisture content, ash-rich better, especially a kind of garbage burning boiler that adapts to the winter environment in the north, impel timely drying of rubbish and active combustion with this, guarantee that incineration firing is complete, effectively suppress the generation of harmful substance.

The technical solution of the utility model is the burning chamber after mainly including burner hearth and being connected in burner hearth successively for achieving the above object, three flues and back-end ductwork, drum is installed in the top of described burner hearth, the lower disposed fire grate of described burner hearth, the below of described fire grate is installed and is slagged tap and ash discharge equipment, it is characterized in that: described fire grate is a reciprocating multi-row grate type, describedly on the side wall of lower furnace portion, auxiliary burner is installed, mounting points ignition combustor on the back wall of lower furnace portion is provided with in described three flues and is disposed with high-temperature flue gas air preheater and superheater from top to bottom.

Further being provided with is that adiabatic face arch and rear arch are arranged in described reciprocating multi-row grate type top, and arranges overfire air port at forward and backward arch.Arch helps drying garbage, catches fire, burns before and after lower furnace portion is provided with.In addition, arrange overfire air port at front and back arch place, can strengthen the disturbance of flue gas, prolong smoke flow process, and the needed oxygen of aftercombustion.

Further being provided with is that described superheater includes high temperature superheater, medium temperature overheater and the low temperature superheater of arranging successively from top to bottom.

Further be provided with is that economizer is installed in the described back-end ductwork.

Further being provided with is that described burner hearth is installed on the steelframe, and this steelframe is equipped with the platform staircase.

The further setting is high-temperature flue gas air preheater, high temperature superheater, medium temperature overheater, low temperature superheater, the suitable row layout of economizer hand employing, and described high temperature superheater adopts the following current layout, and described high-temperature flue gas air preheater is a stainless steel.

Advantage of the present utility model is the utlity model has following advantage:

1, adopts reciprocating multi-row grate type, the patent No. that reciprocating multi-row grate type is applied in 2002 for the applicant is 02111455.2 fire grate, its have adapt to that thermal value range is wide, the Load Regulation ability is big, characteristics such as stable and reliable operation, sufficient combustion, workable and automaticity height, the house refuse of China without letter sorting, low heat value, high moisture content, ash-rich is specially adapted to burn.Reciprocating multi-row grate type combines the advantage of simple backstepping or forwards fire grate, and the rubbish on the backstepping fire grate is stirred fully, mixes and roll by the reverse movement of movable fire grate segment; Between rubbish and the fire grate relative motion is arranged, lower with respect to calorific capacity like this house refuse is easier catches fire and burns fully, and rubbish burns on the forwards fire grate, and hot burn decrement rate is lower.

2, the adiabatic front and back arch structure of design makes full use of radiant heat rubbish is carried out preheating and drying, and simultaneously, arch sprays into secondary wind in front and back, strengthens the disturbance of flue gas, the fire stroke of prolong smoke, and the incineration firing effect is good, burnout rate is high.

3, in time dry in order to ensure the house refuse of low heat value, high moisture content, ash-rich, burn and burn, combustion air needs higher temperature.Owing to be subjected to the restriction of heat exchange effect, the wind-warm syndrome after the steam type airheater heating can't meet the demands, and for this reason, the air after the steam type airheater heating must be heated to temperature required ability through the high-temperature flue gas air preheater again and satisfy the burning needs.

Traditional flue gas air preheater is to utilize the flue gas heat of boiler tail to come a kind of heat-exchange device of heating flame with air.It is usually placed in the back-end ductwork of boiler.But for this special fuel of rubbish, because the content height of its Cl, S, ash is high again, arranges air preheater in back-end ductwork, cold end corrosion and stifled ash very easily take place, and because of the cigarette temperature is lower, heat-transfer effect is relatively poor, and also difficulty reaches required wind-warm syndrome; And, arrange air preheater at low-temperature region, can cause the synthetic again of dioxin harmful substance.For this reason, in this garbage burning boiler design, it is higher but be lower than in three flues of ash fusion point specially the high-temperature flue gas air preheater to be arranged in flue-gas temperature, so both satisfied heat-transfer effect, and reduced the synthetic again of dioxin harmful substance simultaneously and avoided air preheater to produce cold end corrosion and stifled ash.

4, flue gas adopts four backhauls to flow to, be respectively burner hearth, burning chamber, three flues, back-end ductwork, help increasing flue gas flow, abundant cooled flue gas, preventing influences the boiler heat absorption because of coking, flue gas is through after the burning chamber, and the temperature that enters three flues has been lower than ash fusion point, can avoid coking on high-temperature flue gas air preheater and later heating surface.

5, high-temperature flue gas air preheater, superheater, economizer hand adopt along row and arrange, are convenient to deashing.

6, high temperature superheater adopts following current to arrange, can prevent high temperature corrosion effectively.

7, all arrange soot blower at each heating surface place, can in time remove coking and dust stratification on the heating surface, do not influence the heat transfer of each heating surface.

Below in conjunction with specification drawings and specific embodiments the utility model is done further introduction.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 the utility model specific embodiment structural representation;

Fig. 2 the utility model specific embodiment structure side view;

Fig. 3 the utility model specific embodiment is removed the structural representation of steelframe and platform staircase

Among the figure, 1 is reciprocating multi-row grate type, and 2 is steelframe and platform staircase, and 3 is burner hearth, 4 is auxiliary burner, and 5 is the high-temperature flue gas air preheater, and 6 is high temperature superheater, and 7 is medium temperature overheater, 8 is low temperature superheater, and 9 is economizer, and 10 for slagging tap and ash discharge equipment, 11 is burning chamber, and 12 is three flues, and 13 is back-end ductwork, 14 is soot blower, and 15 is face arch, and 16 is rear arch, 17 is overfire air port, and 18 is drum, and 19 is start-up burner.

The specific embodiment

Below by embodiment the utility model is carried out concrete description; only be used for the utility model is further specified; can not be interpreted as the qualification to the utility model protection domain, the technician in this field can make some nonessential improvement and adjustment to the utility model according to the content of above-mentioned utility model.

Burner hearth 3 is installed on the steelframe, drum 18 is installed above burner hearth 3, lower disposed reciprocating multi-row grate type 1 at burner hearth 3, auxiliary burner 4 is installed on the side wall of burner hearth 3 bottoms, mounting points ignition combustor 19 on the back wall of burner hearth 3 bottoms, set gradually burning chamber 11, three flues 12 and back-end ductwork 13 behind burner hearth 3, mounting platform staircase 2 on steelframe is slagged tap and ash discharge equipment 10 in installation below reciprocating multi-row grate type 1.High-temperature flue gas air preheater 5, high temperature superheater 6, medium temperature overheater 7 and low temperature superheater 8 are installed respectively in three flues 12, arrange economizer 9 in the back-end ductwork 13, be provided with face arch 15 and rear arch 16 in burner hearth 3 bottoms, in addition, arrange secondary wind 17 at face arch 15 and rear arch 16 places.All arrange soot blower 14 at each heating surface place.

Boiler is four backhaul vertical structures, and promptly house refuse enters on the reciprocating multi-row grate type, burns fully, burns under the cooperation of front and back arches and secondary wind, and the flue gas of generation flow through successively burner hearth, burning chamber, three flues and back-end ductwork form four backhauls and flow to.

Steelframe in steelframe and the platform staircase 2 is used to bear the boiler overall weight, and the platform staircase is used for boiler attendance, maintenance.

This garbage burning boiler has adopted reciprocating multi-row grate type, combines the advantage of simple backstepping or forwards fire grate, is specially adapted to the house refuse of lower heat of combustion, high moisture content, ash-rich.In addition, arch and secondary wind before and after reasonably arranging make that the aerodynamic field in the burner hearth is better, and the time that rubbish stops in stove increases, thereby, can obtain better combustion efficiency.

The house refuse of low heat value, high moisture content, ash-rich, combustion air needs higher temperature, for this reason, the high-temperature flue gas air preheater is set in three flues, both satisfied heat-transfer effect, guarantee the wind-warm syndrome that reaches required, reduced the synthetic again of dioxin harmful substance again and avoided air preheater to produce cold end corrosion and stifled ash.

Flue gas is four backhauls and flows to, during incineration firing, and because of ash fusion point is low, easy coking dust stratification on heating surface.Adopt flue gas four backhauls to flow to, help arranging the heating surface of the difficult formation coking of special construction.Simultaneously, in the flue-gas temperature scope of easily coking, do not arrange heating surface, in being difficult for the flue-gas temperature scope of coking, arrange heating surface.

High-temperature flue gas air preheater, superheater, economizer hand adopt along row and arrange, therefore, the space between pipe row is bigger, is convenient to deashing.

High temperature superheater adopts following current to arrange that tube wall temperature is lower, can prevent high temperature corrosion effectively.

All arrange soot blower at each heating surface place, can in time remove coking and dust stratification on the heating surface, do not influence the heat transfer of each heating surface.

Burner hearth is higher, and lays the castable refractory thermal insulation in the burner hearth, is in the condition of high temperature to keep flue gas, and guarantees to stop the enough time, the harmful substance in helping removing smoke.

High-temperature flue gas air preheat modulator material adopts stainless steel, long service life.

Also do not arrange the garbage burning boiler of four backhaul vertical structures of high-temperature flue gas air preheater at present in the world in three flues, the utility model has been filled up this blank.

Claims

1. garbage burning boiler, burning chamber, three flues and back-end ductwork after mainly including burner hearth and being connected in burner hearth successively, drum is installed in the top of described burner hearth, the lower disposed fire grate of described burner hearth, the below of described fire grate is installed and is slagged tap and ash discharge equipment, it is characterized in that: described fire grate is a reciprocating multi-row grate type, describedly on the side wall of lower furnace portion, auxiliary burner is installed, mounting points ignition combustor on the back wall of lower furnace portion is provided with in described three flues and is disposed with high-temperature flue gas air preheater and superheater from top to bottom.

2. a kind of garbage burning boiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that: adiabatic face arch and rear arch are arranged in described reciprocating multi-row grate type top, and arrange overfire air port at forward and backward arch.

3. a kind of garbage burning boiler according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described superheater includes high temperature superheater, medium temperature overheater and the low temperature superheater of arranging successively from top to bottom.

4. a kind of garbage burning boiler according to claim 3 is characterized in that: economizer is installed in the described back-end ductwork.

5. a kind of garbage burning boiler according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described burner hearth is installed on the steelframe, and this steelframe is equipped with the platform staircase.

6. according to claim 4 or 5 described a kind of garbage burning boilers, it is characterized in that: high-temperature flue gas air preheater, high temperature superheater, medium temperature overheater, low temperature superheater, economizer hand adopt along row and arrange.

7. a kind of garbage burning boiler according to claim 6 is characterized in that: described high temperature superheater adopts following current to arrange.

8. a kind of garbage burning boiler according to claim 7 is characterized in that: described high-temperature flue gas air preheater is a stainless steel.