CN2419607Y - High pricisive gravity instrument - Google Patents
High pricisive gravity instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN2419607Y CN2419607Y CN 99245185 CN99245185U CN2419607Y CN 2419607 Y CN2419607 Y CN 2419607Y CN 99245185 CN99245185 CN 99245185 CN 99245185 U CN99245185 U CN 99245185U CN 2419607 Y CN2419607 Y CN 2419607Y
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- spring
- constant temperature
- stator
- moving plate
- thermostatic tube
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a high precision gravity device, which relates to a geonomy observational technique, and is particularly suitable for the observation of the solid tide research and the earthquake precursor. The utility model is mainly composed of a machine body, a thermostat, a micrometer and a collector for providing the gravity device which has the advantages of simple structure, high sensitivity, high precision and convenient installation, adopts an elastic system which is suspended vertically, adopts double-layer constant temperature and feedback temperature control, and adopts a tri-sheet type capacitance micrometer. The cost performance is high.
Description
The utility model is learned observation technology with relating to, is particularly useful for the observation of solid tide research and earthquake precursors.
Since this century the fifties, gravity meter has bigger development, its precision by the milligal level to little gal level.(1 gal=1cm/s
2) to use at present more in the world be Lacoste gravity meter, the earth power type gravity meter of the U.S.; The GS type gravity meter of West Germany; Canadian CG-3 type gravity meter.High precision gravity meters such as laser gravimeter and superconductive gravimeter have appearred again along with development of electronic technology.
The relative gravity instrument, i.e. spring gravimeter, its ultimate principle is to utilize elastic force to come balancing gravity.When gravity field changed, the length of spring is also corresponding to change.Therefore the measurement of acceleration of gravity just can be converted into the spring measurement of length.
At first, to measure the prerequisite of Gravity changer be that the elasticity of spring must be highly stable to spring gravimeter.If require the variation of measurement gravity acceleration g value to reach the precision of 1 little gal, just must make the elasticity of spring reach 10
-9, a high-precision elastic system promptly will be arranged.
Secondly, change owing to the length of spring varies with temperature, temperature effect usually influences the reading of gravity meter.In order to guarantee the stable of elastic system, therefore a high-precision constant temperature system to be arranged also.
The 3rd, because the variation of acceleration of gravity is very little,, a high-precision micrometer system is arranged again promptly so the relative elongation of spring is also very little.
In sum, elastic system, constant temperature system, micrometer system have just constituted three major parts of gravity meter, and the performance index of this three part are determining the performance of gravity meter.
The structure of gravity meter the earliest is simple, but precision is low; The power-assist system has been added in precision and sensitivity in order to improve it afterwards in physical construction and machinery amplifies, and so just makes the complex structure of instrument.
At present external various gravity meters all adopt temperature compensation to reduce influence of temperature variation, can reduce the requirement of gravity meter to the constant temperature precision like this, are 0.01 ℃ as the constant temperature precision of the GS type gravity meter of the Lacoste gravity meter of the U.S. and West Germany.But the gravity meter of temperature compensation exists the optimum temperature point, and on optimum temperature point, temperature variation is minimum to the influence of gravity meter.So the working temperature of Lacoste gravity meter and GS type gravity meter must be chosen to be on the optimum working temperature.
The purpose of this utility model just is to overcome problems of the prior art and deficiency, and provides a kind of simple in structure, but highly sensitive, precision is also high, dress school gravity meter easily.
The purpose of this utility model is achieved in that
1. break through international existing design philosophy, courageously adopt the elastic system of vertical hanging with quasi-instrument.
2. make full use of the achievement of existing electronic technology develop rapidly, adopted double-layer heat insulation and feedback temperature-controlling system.
3. adopted the three-chip type capacitance micrometer.
The utility model is promptly compared with the gravity meter of similar other model with prior art, has the following advantages:
1. because the utility model has adopted the elastic system of vertical hanging, therefore highly sensitive and stable.Because physical construction is simple, dress school side just helps producing in enormous quantities.
2. because the utility model adopts high precision constant temperature system, and the constant temperature precision is 0.0001 ℃, so need not carry out temperature compensation, and make the selection of working temperature comparatively free, as long as working temperature is higher than high ambient temperature.And the gravity meter of temperature compensation is owing to exist the optimum temperature point, and on optimum temperature point, what could compensate is better.
3. capacitance micrometer has sufficiently high precision and stability.Because the power-assist system has been exempted in the raising of Displacement Measurement precision and machinery amplifies.
Therefore 4. because Thermal structures design is reasonable, good seal is subjected to the influence of temperature and air pressure less, when the observation office work of constant temperature not, also can obtain observed result preferably.
5. adopt microcomputer to carry out digital filtering and data operation, help to improve precision, reduced artificial calculating and management work, reduced station personnel's workload.
Describe in detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is the utility model composition frame chart.
Fig. 2 is the mechanical body structural representation.
Fig. 3 is the radiator valve composition frame chart.
Fig. 4 is the radiator valve circuit diagram.
Fig. 5 is the sensor construction synoptic diagram.
Fig. 6 is the mircrometer gauge composition frame chart.
Fig. 7 is the collector composition frame chart.
Wherein: 1-mechanical body, 2-radiator valve, 3-mircrometer gauge, 4-collector.5-transfers the pendulum circuit automatically, 6-automatic locking pendulum circuit; The 11-base, 12-insulation course, the outer thermostatic tube of 13-, the 14-Dewar flask, 15-transfers swinging mechanism, thermostatic tube in the 16-, the 17-spring, 18-locks swinging mechanism, the last stator of 19-, the 110-moving plate, stator under the 111-, 112-trim piece, the 113-levelling gear, 114-main body rack, 115-shell, 116-horizontalization bubble, 117-base constant temperature; R
T-thermistor, AD580JH-stabilivolt, the accurate instrumentation amplifier of AD624AD-, OP07-operational amplifier, BUZ11-power effect pipe, L-resistive heater.
As shown in Figure 1, the utility model is made up of mechanical body 1, radiator valve 2, mircrometer gauge 3, collector 4, automatic pendulum circuit 5, the automatic locking pendulum circuit 6 transferred.
(1) mechanical body and elastic system
The performance of the utility model each several part as highly stable, the heat structure of constant temperature system of elastic system, the precision measurement of electric capacity micrometer system, is transferred the meticulous adjusting of swinging mechanism and levelling gear, all must have rationally, stable, accurate physical construction guarantees.Mechanical body structure of the present utility model is made up of following six parts: elastic system, capacitance type sensor, accent swinging mechanism, lock swinging mechanism, be incubated equal gentleness heat structure, levelling gear.
As shown in Figure 2, mechanical body 1 is made up of following parts, its annexation is: on the equilateral triangle metab 11 that levelling gear 113 and horizontalization bubble 116 are installed and in the circular housing 115, one totally enclosed insulation course 12 is arranged, adopt the thick polyurethane rigid foam of 40mm to make, realize outer constant temperature insulation.Outer thermostatic tube 13, Dewar flask 14, interior thermostatic tube 16 are inwardly arranged successively, be cylindrical.Inside and outside thermostatic tube is the thick metal cylinder of 6mm, realizes samming; Dewar flask 14 is in order to constant temperature insulation in realizing.
In interior thermostatic tube 16, in the upper end of main body rack 114, vertical hanging has spring 17, and the lower end of spring 17 is connected with moving plate 110; Stator 19 and following stator 111 all are fixed on the main body rack 114 on the upper and lower of moving plate 110 has.Main body rack 114 usefulness screws are fastened on the base 11.On main body rack 114, also be equipped with and transfer swinging mechanism 15 and lock swinging mechanism 18.
Last stator 19, moving plate 110, following stator 111 are promptly formed capacitance displacement sensor, link to each other with mircrometer gauge 3.
Two thermistors of radiator valve 2 place respectively between outer thermostatic tube 13 and the interior thermostatic tube 16 and reach in the Dewar flask 14.
Elastic system is the most accurate part of instrument, and its physical construction must be highly stable, and wherein pendulum comprises spring 17, moving plate 110, trim piece 112.In order to guarantee that the utility model reaches the precision of 1 little gal, the influence that physical construction changes must be less than 0.0001 micron.Therefore, all mechanical component all will carry out vacuum heat in the elastic system.The main body rack 114 of elastic system is an one-piece construction, has overcome screw and has connected the stick-slip that is produced.Cylinder type can make stress distribution even, and after the thermal treatment, suffered stress can evenly discharge again.
The utility model can carry out adjustment in a big way, and it is measured in the world.The mechano-electronic method is adopted in this large-scale adjustment.Putting circuit 5 by automatic accent controls the startup of motors, stops, rotating and reverse.Motor moves up and down by the upper extreme point that reduction gearing and screw mandrel drive spring 17.Automatically transfer pendulum circuit 5 can judge the rotation direction of motor and the velocity of rotation of motor, pendulum is moved towards the zero-bit direction all the time.In the time of near pendulum is positioned at zero-bit, transfer pendulum control circuit 5 can make motor stop motion immediately.
Lock swinging mechanism 18 causes damaging and designs with bumping on every side for fear of pendulum in transportation.To put locking by motor by drive link and gear during transportation, pendulum be unclamped by the reverse direction motion by motor again during work, and make pendulum be in free state.
Elastic system is the critical component position of gravity meter, must select spring 17 parameters and pendulum heavy rightly, causes that the principal element that spring 17 elasticity change has following three kinds: temperature effect, creep and retarded elasticity.During the design weight instrument, overcome the influence of these three kinds of factors as far as possible.In order to reduce influence of temperature variation, can manage to improve the constant temperature precision; In order to reduce the creep of spring 17, can adopt the way that alleviates spring 17 loads.Because load alleviates, the sensitivity of spring 17 slightly reduces, and this just requires micrometer system to have higher precision and sensitivity.
1. the tensile elongation of spring and sensitivity
As everyone knows, the ultimate principle of spring gravimeter is to utilize the pulling force of spring to come balancing gravity, and the balance equation of spring is:
Mg=fx (1)
M is the quality of pendulum in the formula, and f is an elastic strength, and x is a tensile elongation
The relative elongation of spring in the time of can deriving the gravity meter variation by the balance equation of spring:
The selection of spring sensitivity, not only relevant with the desired precision of gravity meter, and also the precision that can reach with displacement measurement is relevant.According to experimental result, the precision dx of spring is 0.0001 μ m, and the desired precision of gravity meter is 1 little gal, the tensile elongation x=dx/dg=100mm of spring then, and the sensitivity of spring is the little gal of dx/dg=0.0001 μ m/.
2. the selection of spring parameter
Whether the selection of spring parameter is reasonable, and the precision and the stability of instrument is had a significant impact.In order to make the instrument working stability, the stress of spring duty and prestressed permissible stress should be selected suitably smaller.Load owing to spring is lighter in this state, thereby creep is less, in order to dwindle the size of elastic system, adopts zero-initial-length spring.
The spring material that the utility model is selected is homemade 3J53 elastic wire (NiCrTi), and the shear elasticity of material is G=6600kg/mm
2, steel wire diameter d=0.45mm, helical spring middle footpath G=10mm, the heavy P=Mg=40 gram of pendulum, then the number of turns n=128 of spring encloses, the geometrical length L=56.6mm of spring.
(2) radiator valve
Constant temperature system of the present utility model is made up of constant temperature heat structure and radiator valve 2.Reach noted earlierly as shown in Figure 2, sufficiently high constant temperature precision is arranged, adopt double-deck temperature control and be incubated with Dewar flask in order to guarantee constant temperature system.Because Thermal structures design is reasonable, only 6 watts of heating powers.Radiator valve 2 be one with negative-feedback principle control, its circuit block diagram is made up of thermistor bridge circuit 21, prime amplifier 22 and proportional integral amplifier (containing effect) 23 as shown in Figure 3, and connection successively.Circuit diagram as shown in Figure 4, R
TBe thermistor, 44008 types, U.S. Yellow Spring company produces.
(3) mircrometer gauge
This micrometer system is made up of the differential capacitor displacement transducer 31 and the mircrometer gauge 3 of high precision three-chip type.As shown in Figure 5, sensor 31 is made up of three sheet metals (capacitor board), and middle one is portable plate, i.e. moving plate C
3(110); Upper and lower two is fixed head, i.e. stator C
119, C
2111.The three should strict keeping parallelism during the school for dress, and surface smoothness must be very high, and chemical property must stablize, and adds after need grinding man-hour gold-plated again.Spacing between moving plate 110 and the stator 19,111 is 0.3mm, and electric capacity is 36pf; The diameter of stator 19,111 is 64mm, and thick is 5mm; The diameter of moving plate 110 is 40mm, and thick is 2mm; Mircrometer gauge 3 is made up of oscillator 32, phase inverter 33, prime amplifier 34, frequency-selecting amplifier 35, lock-in amplifier, phase shifter 36 and shaping 37 as shown in Figure 5.
(4) collector
Collector 4 as shown in Figure 7
Technical indicator of the present utility model is as follows:
1. resolution is 1 μ g, and directly range is 2mg.
2. the main result of harmonic analysis is:
Error in the full-time ripple weight unit ± 3.2 μ g.
Error in the semidiurnal wave weight unit ± 1.9 μ g.
3. NaKai assay:
Error accounts for 90% less than the result of 1 μ g;
Error accounts for 8% between 1 μ g and 2 μ g;
Error accounts for 2% greater than 2 μ g's.
4. accuracy in capacitance sensors:
Be better than 0.0001 μ m.
5. constant temperature precision:
Monthly variation is less than 0.0001 ℃;
6. instrument drift:
Instrument work after 2 years drift be 2 to 8 little gals.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of high accuracy gravimeter, form by elastic system, constant temperature system, micrometer system, mechanical body (1), radiator valve (2), mircrometer gauge (3), collector (4) are specifically arranged, transfer pendulum circuit (5) and automatic locking pendulum circuit (6) automatically, it is characterized in that:
(1) in interior thermostatic tube (16), the upper end in main body rack (114), vertical hanging has spring (17), and the lower end of spring (17) is connected with moving plate (110); Upper and lower at moving plate (110) has last stator (19) and following stator (111), all is fixed on the main body rack (114);
(2) constant temperature system is made up of constant temperature heat structure and radiator valve (2), and constant temperature heat structure ecto-entad has shell (115), insulation course (12), outer thermostatic tube (13), Dewar flask (14), interior thermostatic tube (16); Radiator valve (2) is made up of thermistor bridge circuit (21), prime amplifier (22) and proportional integral amplifier (23), and connects successively; Two thermistor (R wherein
T) place respectively between outer thermostatic tube (13) and the interior thermostatic tube (16) and Dewar flask (14) in.
(3) micrometer system is made up of three-chip type capacitive transducer (31) and mircrometer gauge (3), and sensor (31) is made up of three sheet metals (capacitor board), and middle one is portable plate, i.e. moving plate C
3(110); Upper and lower two is fixed head, i.e. stator C
1(19), C
2(111).
2, by the described a kind of high accuracy gravimeter of claim 1, it is characterized in that: spring (17) adopts zero-initial-length spring, material is 3J53 elastic wire (NiCrTi), steel wire diameter d≤0.45mm, footpath G≤10mm in helical spring, heavy P=Mg≤the 40g of pendulum, the number of turns n of spring≤128 circles, the geometrical length L≤56.6mm of spring.
3, by the described a kind of high accuracy gravimeter of claim 1, it is characterized in that moving plate C
3(110) with stator C
1(19), C
2(111) spacing≤0.3mm between, electric capacity≤36pf; Stator C
1(19), C
2(111) diameter≤64mm, thickness≤5mm; Diameter≤the 40mm of moving plate, thickness≤2mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99245185 CN2419607Y (en) | 1999-10-28 | 1999-10-28 | High pricisive gravity instrument |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99245185 CN2419607Y (en) | 1999-10-28 | 1999-10-28 | High pricisive gravity instrument |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2419607Y true CN2419607Y (en) | 2001-02-14 |
Family
ID=34031133
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99245185 Expired - Lifetime CN2419607Y (en) | 1999-10-28 | 1999-10-28 | High pricisive gravity instrument |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN2419607Y (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101906957A (en) * | 2009-06-06 | 2010-12-08 | 张鹏 | Temperature control method and device for subsurface measuring device |
| WO2014040474A1 (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2014-03-20 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Low-temperature superconducting device for measuring gravity |
| CN106405669A (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2017-02-15 | 中国科学院测量与地球物理研究所 | Zero-length spring, connecting structure of zero-length spring and dynamic gravity meter |
-
1999
- 1999-10-28 CN CN 99245185 patent/CN2419607Y/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101906957A (en) * | 2009-06-06 | 2010-12-08 | 张鹏 | Temperature control method and device for subsurface measuring device |
| WO2014040474A1 (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2014-03-20 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Low-temperature superconducting device for measuring gravity |
| US9612356B2 (en) | 2012-09-13 | 2017-04-04 | Institute Of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy Of Sciences | Low-temperature superconducting device for measuring gravity |
| CN106405669A (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2017-02-15 | 中国科学院测量与地球物理研究所 | Zero-length spring, connecting structure of zero-length spring and dynamic gravity meter |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned | ||
| C20 | Patent right or utility model deemed to be abandoned or is abandoned |