CN2387467Y - Solar water heater - Google Patents

Solar water heater Download PDF

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Publication number
CN2387467Y
CN2387467Y CN98246487U CN98246487U CN2387467Y CN 2387467 Y CN2387467 Y CN 2387467Y CN 98246487 U CN98246487 U CN 98246487U CN 98246487 U CN98246487 U CN 98246487U CN 2387467 Y CN2387467 Y CN 2387467Y
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China
Prior art keywords
vacuum tube
relay
triode
motor
solar boiler
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN98246487U
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Chinese (zh)
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储应坤
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Individual
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Individual
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers

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Abstract

The utility model discloses a solar water heater, which comprises a parabolic reflector; a focus of the parabolic reflector is provided with a vacuum tube connected with an insulating tank. The inner part of a control box arranged on a base bracket is provided with two electric motors, each electric motor is controlled to rotate transversely and longitudinally by a worm and a worm gear, the two electric motors are all controlled by a photoelectric converter and a tracking circuit comprising six groups of differential amplifying switch circuits and six phototransistors. The utility model has the advantages that the heat accumulation effect is good, the sun can be automatically tracked by the solar water heater, so the water can be heated to boil in a shorter time. The utility model is suitable for families and organizations.

Description

Solar boiler
It is the device of heat energy with conversion of solar energy that the utility model relates to a kind of, specifically a kind of solar boiler.
Solar energy is a kind of inexhaustible and free of contamination energy, and effectively utilizing solar energy is human unswerving pursuing one's goal.At present, be exactly the product that conversion of solar energy is become heat energy by widely used solar water heater of people and solar cooker.The vacuum tube water heater of selling on the market is comparatively advanced, and it is arranged in parallel by several vacuum tubes and is placed on the base plate, and every vacuum tube all is connected with storage tank, and vacuum tube has heat absorption and heat insulation function, and it is subjected to after the solar radiation energy transmission feedwater to be got hot water.Because this water heater is the direction of fixed placement in the Chaoyang, and only is subjected to the irradiation of sunlight, so solar energy utilization rate is lower.Solar cooker then adopts the parabolic mirror of a circle, can place a kettle at its focus place, and sunlight is reflecting on the parabola energy accumulating on focus.The solar energy utilization ratio of this solar cooker significantly improves, but must make parabola all the time sunward by constantly mobile solar cooker, and very trouble operates.
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of solar energy utilization ratio high and can be from the solar boiler of the motion tracking sun.
For achieving the above object, solar boiler of the present utility model comprises parabolic mirror, is provided with vacuum tube at the focus place of this mirror, and this vacuum tube is connected with heat-preserving container; Be provided with two motors in the control cabinet on base support, wherein a motor is through worm screw, worm gear control lateral rotation, and another motor is through worm screw, worm-gear driven fore-and-aft control bar; These two motors are all by optical-electrical converter and tracking circuit control, this tracking circuit comprises six groups respectively by three silicone tube triodes, a germanium tube triode, two diodes, a relay and six difference amplification switch circuits that resistance is formed, and each difference amplification switch circuit connects a phototriode again respectively.
Above-mentioned optical-electrical converter is a box structure, and transparent surface is arranged above, and peripheral and bottom is light tight, has a shadow shield at transparent surface, in the middle of the shadow shield light tank is arranged, and has five phototriodes perpendicular to shadow shield.
Said parabolic mirror is the speculum of circular or watt shape, the vacuum tube that is provided with at circular parabolic reflector mirror foci place, the one end is hemispheric plane of illumination, the vacuum tube that is provided with at watt shape parabolic reflector mirror foci place, its outer tube diameter makes the vacuum space that forms between the inner and outer pipes bigger greater than the outer tube of ordinary vacuum tube.
Be provided with explosion-protection equipment in the said heat-preserving container, this explosion-protection equipment is that a flexible pipe and connected floating drum constitute, and flexible pipe is connected with explosionproof hole on the heat-preserving container.
Owing in the technique scheme vacuum tube is placed on the focus place of parabolic mirror, so have stronger heat build-up effect, again because two motors that are provided with by tracking circuit control drive lateral rotation and vertical dwang respectively, when the sun moves, just can signal be transferred to motor through tracking circuit by optical-electrical converter, thereby make parabola face the sun all the time, have effect from the motion tracking sun.Daylighting area of the present utility model is 1.76m 2The time, be 30 ℃ in environment temperature, between 40 °～65 ° of the sun altitudes, it is that the water of 25 ℃ heavy 70Kg is heated to 100 ℃ that continuous illumination just can make initial water temperature in 4 hours, and energy-saving effect is obvious, and it is easy for installation, is suitable for family, unit uses.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the utility model is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is first kind of embodiment structural representation of the utility model solar boiler;
Fig. 2 is second kind of embodiment structural representation of the utility model solar boiler;
Fig. 3, Fig. 4 are vacuum tube structure schematic diagrames in the embodiment shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 5 is a vacuum tube structure schematic diagram in the embodiment shown in Figure 2;
Fig. 6 is the heat-preserving container cutaway view of the utility model solar boiler;
Fig. 7 is the optical-electrical converter structural representation of the utility model solar boiler;
Fig. 8 is the utility model solar boiler circuit diagram.
As seen from Figure 1, the utility model solar boiler comprises circular parabolic mirror 1, be provided with the vacuum tube 2 that an end is a hemispherical plane of illumination 17 at the focus place of speculum 1, vacuum tube 2 is connected with heat-preserving container 3, heat-preserving container top is provided with temperaturecontrol sensor 5, the side has inlet opening 6, explosionproof hole 7, apopore 8, on the support between speculum and the heat-preserving container, be provided with optical-electrical converter 4, it is connected by the tracking means in the control cabinet on circuit and the base support 9, tracking means is made of horizontal tracing and two devices of vertical tracking again, is worm gear, worm-drive.The horizontal tracing device be one be fixed on the base support 9 worm gear 10 and by being fixed on motor 11 in the control cabinet through worm drive, the metal (upper and the control cabinet of main shaft 15 axially flexibly connect.Because main shaft 15, worm gear 10 are to be fixed on one heart on the base support 9, when motor 11 work, on base support 9, relatively rotate through worm speed-down rear drive control cabinet and the parabolic mirror 1 that is movably connected on the control cabinet.Be fixed on the interior motor 12 of control cabinet through worm gear 13, the fore-and-aft control bar 16 of the 14 driving arcs of the concentric pinion on worm gear 13 promotes speculums 1 and does lengthwise movement again.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of another kind of embodiment, it comprises the parabolic mirror 1 of a watt of shape, the focus of this speculum is a line, be provided with vacuum tube 2 at the focus place, vacuum tube 2 is connected with heat-preserving container 3, base support 9 can be fixed on the wall, and the optical-electrical converter 4 on the speculum 1 is connected with tracking means in the control cabinet by circuit, and the structure of tracking means is identical with embodiment shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 3, Fig. 4 are the vacuum tube structure schematic diagrames of embodiment shown in Figure 1, because circular parabolic mirror is focused to a point, therefore hemispheric plane of illumination 17 will be set at an end of ordinary vacuum tube, plane of illumination 17 places the focus place, to improve the efficient of photo-thermal conversion.
Fig. 5 is the vacuum tube structure schematic diagram of embodiment shown in Figure 2, and the diameter of the outer tube 18 of this vacuum tube is greater than the diameter of ordinary vacuum tube, and interior pipe 19 is identical with ordinary vacuum tube.Like this, the vacuum space that forms between the inner and outer pipes is just bigger, in case vacuum tube breaks under strong focused light shines.
Fig. 6 is the utility model solar boiler heat-preserving container cutaway view, the side of heat-preserving container is provided with inlet opening 6, apopore 8, and explosionproof hole 7, inner explosion-protection equipment is that the floating drum 20 on a flexible pipe 21 and the flexible pipe 21 constitutes, one end of flexible pipe 21 is connected with explosionproof hole 7, steam in the heat-preserving container can be discharged by flexible pipe 21 and explosionproof hole 7, reaches explosion-proof purpose.Hole 22 is used for vacuum tube and installs.The attached electric heater that helps also can be set in the heat-preserving container, under the situation of illumination deficiency, use.
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the optical-electrical converter of the utility model solar boiler, this optical-electrical converter is circular box structure, be transparent surface above, peripheral and bottom is light tight, have a square shadow shield 23 at transparent surface, there is a light tank 24 centre of this shadow shield 23, has five phototriode V perpendicular to shadow shield 2, V 3, V 4, V 5, V 6
Fig. 8 is the circuit diagram of the utility model solar boiler, and this circuit comprises 6 phototriodes, and wherein five phototriodes are contained in the optical-electrical converter, as shown in Figure 7.Phototriode V 1Be installed in the control cabinet, power supply can be adopted solar battery group 25, battery 26, also can will supply with behind the AC rectification or the charge in batteries use.The attached heater 27 that helps is installed in the heat-preserving container 3.Tracking circuit comprises six groups respectively by three silicone tube triodes, a germanium tube triode, two diodes, a relay and six difference amplification switch circuits that resistance is formed, and each difference amplification switch circuit connects a phototriode again respectively.Relay J in the circuit 3, J 4And relay J 5, J 6Be two groups of two-way control relays of coil forming one.
The operation principle of this circuit is as follows:
When illumination during greater than 100 Luxs, phototriode V 1Start working, circuit enters duty, relay J 1Adhesive, engage relay J 2, J 5, J 6The each point working power makes relay J 5, J 6Adhesive respectively, motor M 1Be that motor 11 laterally adjusts speculum 1 with clockwise or inversion mode, up to phototriode V 5, V 6Gone perpendicular to phototriode V by shadow shield 23 screenings 5, V 6Whole sunlight light the time, motor M 1Be that motor 11 stops operating.Simultaneously, sunlight light just sees through the light tank 24 in the middle of the shadow shield 23, light and phototriode V 2Vertically, at this moment, phototriode V 2Work, relay J 2Adhesive, engage relay J 4, J 5Each operating point power supply, phototriode V 3, V 4, relay J 3, J 4The adhesive of working respectively, motor M 2Be motor 12 forward or antiport, make speculum 1 finish vertical adjustment, up to photosensitive triode V 3, V 4When being removed whole light by shadow shield 23 screenings, motor M 2Quit work.
When water temperature reaches 100 ℃, relay J 7Adhesive, motor M is cut off in the work of temperature control warning circuit simultaneously 1And M 2Working power.
When illumination during less than 300 Luxs, relay J 1, J 2Lose simultaneously and put, the attached heater circuit that helps enters wait state, and time-delay was started working after a few hours.
When illumination during less than 100 Luxs, the whole power-offs of complete machine, relay J 1Mistake is put, and contact 5 → 1,6 → 2 closes.Motor M 1Be that motor 11 rotates, make speculum 1 reset to K switch 9The east of location is the position of The sun came up, K switch 9Close motor M 1Quit work.
1, stand-by circuit.By silicone tube triode BG 1, BG 2, BG 4, germanium tube triode BG 3, diode D 1, D 2, resistance R 1, R 2, R 3, R 4, R 5, R 6, relay J 1Form a difference amplification switch circuit, this circuit and phototriode V 1Connect.When morning, light was greater than 100 luxs, this circuit began starting, phototriode V 1Internal resistance descends after being subjected to light, makes triode BG 1Base potential raise triode BG 2, BG 4Transfer conducting, relay J to by ending in succession 1Get electric adhesive, K switch 1Contact 5,6 closes 3, connects anodal 12V power supply on the tracking circuit, and the The whole control circuit is acted in accordance with the division of their functions and duties.
2, water circuit up and down.It is by water level control electrode T in the heat-preserving container 3, T 2, T 1, and resistance R 37, R 38, R 39, R 40, R 41, R 42, R 43Triode BG 25, BG 26, diode D 13, relay J 8, electromagnetic valve tap 28 forms, it is not controlled by stand-by circuit.Water level in heat-preserving container is lower than low limit stop T 3The time, line trigger signal is through resistance R 37To N point and T 3Open circuit, the current potential that N is ordered rises to the highest, and the M point also increases, triode BG 25, BG 26Conducting in succession, relay J 8Get electric adhesive, K switch 8Contact 3 and 1 closes, and connects cathode power supply, and electromagnetic valve tap 28 gets electric opening, and begins to add water in the heat-preserving container.When water level rises to T 1During point, T 1Point is through resistance R 37Play shunting action, the voltage that N is ordered slightly descends, triode BG 25, BG 26Also can't enter cut-off state, relay J 8Still be in attracting state, add water and proceed.When water level rises to T 2During point, N point and T 3Point shunting action maximum, this moment, the N point voltage was about+0.3V, and the M point is but less than+0.2V, triode BG 25, BG 26End J fast 8No current discharges, K switch 8Contact 3 and opening in 1 minute, 28 outages of electromagnetic valve tap stop to add water.Instantly water is to T 3During point, T 3Point disconnects J with N point diverter branch 8Adhesive, last water begins again.
3, tracking circuit.It is by phototriode V 3, V 4, V 5, V 6Form a co-ordinate-type light source receiver, identical with four independences respectively difference amplifier connects, with germanium tube triode BG 11, BG 15, BG 19, BG 23The differential voltage of each colelctor electrode output is through diode D 5, D 7, D 9, D 11Deliver to silicone tube triode BG respectively 12, BG 16, BG 20, BG 24Base stage make its conducting, relay J 3, J 4, J 5, J 6Adhesive respectively, drive motors M 1Be motor 11 and motor M 2It is motor 12.Tracking circuit is divided into A, B again and organizes vertical tracking circuit and C, D group horizontal tracing circuit.
1. A, B organize vertical tracking circuit, by two groups of difference amplifiers, relay J 3, J 4, motor M 2With phototriode V 3, V 4Form.
The A group is by triode BG 9, BG 10, BG 11, BG 12, resistance R 13, R 14, R 15, R 16, R 17, R 18, diode D 5, D 6, relay J 3, phototriode V 3, motor M 2Form.When illumination during greater than 300 luxs, phototriode V 3Internal resistance descends triode BG after being subjected to illumination 9The base stage voltage-to-ground raise triode BG 10, resistance R 15, R 16, R 17Form a comparator to BG 9Compare, by triode BG 11Export a differential voltage, when this voltage is higher than diode D 5Conducting voltage the time, triode BG 12Conducting thereupon, relay J 3Adhesive, K switch 3Contact 3 and 2 closes, and connects power cathode, makes positive supply pass through K switch 4Contact 3 → 2 and motor M 2Form loop, motor M to negative pole 2Do vertical clockwise adjustment.When adjusting to sunray perpendicular to speculum, the phototriode V in the optical-electrical converter 4 3Removed whole light, V by shadow shield 23 screenings 3Internal resistance value increase triode BG 9Base stage is in electronegative potential, triode BG 11There is not differential voltage output, triode BG 12End relay J 3Discharge motor M 2Stop forward to rotate.
The B group is by triode BG 13, BG 14, BG 15, BG 16, resistance R 19, R 20, R 21, R 22, R 23, R 24, diode D 7, D 8, relay J 4, phototriode V 4, motor M 2Form.When illumination during greater than 300 luxs, phototriode V 4Internal resistance descends triode BG after being subjected to illumination 13The base stage voltage-to-ground raise triode BG 14And BG 15Export a differential voltage, diode D relatively 7, triode BG 16Conducting, relay J 4Adhesive, K switch 4Contact 3 and 1 closes, and connects power cathode, makes negative power supply pass through motor M 2, K switch 3Contact 3 → 1 forms loop, motor M to positive source 2Do vertical reverse adjustment.When adjusting to sunray perpendicular to speculum, the phototriode V in the optical-electrical converter 4 4Removed whole light, V by shadow shield 23 screenings 4Internal resistance value increase triode BG 13Base stage is in electronegative potential, triode BG 15There is not differential voltage output, triode BG 16End relay J 4Discharge motor M 2Stop forward to rotate.
2. C, D organize the horizontal tracing circuit, by two groups of difference amplifiers, relay J 5, J 6, motor M 1With phototriode V 5, V 6Form.
The C group is by triode BG 17, BG 18, BG 19, BG 20, resistance R 25, R 26, R 27, R 28, R 29, R 30, diode D 9, D 10, relay J 5, phototriode V 5, motor M 1Form.When illumination during greater than 300 luxs, phototriode V 5Internal resistance descends triode BG after being subjected to illumination 17The base stage voltage-to-ground raise triode BG 19The relative differential voltage of output of colelctor electrode, diode D 9, triode BG 20Conducting, relay J 5Adhesive, K switch 5Contact 3 and 2 closes, and connects power cathode, makes negative power supply pass through motor M 1, K switch 6Contact 3 → 2 forms loop, motor M with cathode power supply 1Do horizontal clockwise adjustment.When adjusting to sunray perpendicular to speculum, the phototriode V in the optical-electrical converter 4 5Removed whole light, V by shadow shield 23 screenings 5Internal resistance increase triode BG 17Base stage is in electronegative potential, triode BG 19There is not differential voltage output, triode BG 20End relay J 5Discharge motor M 1Stop clockwise tracking.
The D group is by triode BG 21, BG 22, BG 23, BG 24, resistance R 31, R 32, R 33, R 34, R 35, R 36, diode D 11, D 12, relay J 6, phototriode V 6, motor M 1Form.When illumination during greater than 300 luxs, phototriode V 6Internal resistance descends triode BG after being subjected to illumination 21The base stage voltage-to-ground raise triode BG 23The relative differential voltage of output of colelctor electrode, diode D 11, triode BG 24Conducting, relay J 6Adhesive, K switch 6Contact 3 and 1 closes, and connects power cathode, makes positive source through K switch 5Contact 1 → 3, motor M 1Form loop, motor M with power cathode 1Do horizontal reverse adjustment.When adjusting to sunray perpendicular to speculum, the phototriode V in the optical-electrical converter 4 6Removed whole light, V by shadow shield 23 screenings 6Internal resistance increase triode BG 21Base stage is in electronegative potential, triode BG 23There is not differential voltage output, triode BG 24End relay J 6Discharge motor M 1Stop clockwise tracking.
The employed parabolic mirror 1 of the utility model solar boiler also can be ellipse.Optical-electrical converter 4 not only is circular box structure, also can be square box structure.

Claims (6)

1, a kind of solar boiler comprises parabolic mirror, it is characterized in that: be provided with vacuum tube (2) at the focus place of parabolic mirror (1), this vacuum tube (2) is connected with heat-preserving container (3); Be provided with two motors in the control cabinet on base support (9), wherein motor (11) is through worm screw, worm gear (10) control lateral rotation, motor (12) drives fore-and-aft control bar (16) through worm screw, worm gear (13), these two motors are all by optical-electrical converter (4) and tracking circuit control, this tracking circuit comprises six groups respectively by three silicone tube triodes, a germanium tube triode, two diodes, a relay and six difference amplification switch circuits that resistance is formed, and each difference amplification switch circuit connects a phototriode again respectively.
2, solar boiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said tracking circuit comprises eight relays, wherein: relay (J 3, J 4) and relay (J 5, J 6) be two groups of two-way control relays of coil forming one.
3, solar boiler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described optical-electrical converter (4) is a box structure, be transparent surface above, peripheral and bottom is light tight, have a shadow shield (23) at transparent surface, in the middle of the shadow shield (23) light tank (24) is arranged, have five phototriode (V perpendicular to shadow shield 2, V 3, V 4, V 5, V 6).
4, solar boiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described parabolic mirror (1) is for circular or oval, and an end of the vacuum tube (2) that is provided with at this mirror foci place has a hemispherical plane of illumination (17).
5, solar boiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described parabolic mirror (1) is a watt shape, and outer tube (18) diameter of the vacuum tube (2) that is provided with at this mirror foci place is greater than the diameter of ordinary vacuum tube outer tube.
6, solar boiler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described heat-preserving container (3), be provided with explosion-protection equipment, this explosion-protection equipment is that a flexible pipe (21) and connected floating drum (20) constitute, and flexible pipe (21) is connected with explosionproof hole (7) on the heat-preserving container.
CN98246487U 1998-11-13 1998-11-13 Solar water heater Expired - Fee Related CN2387467Y (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN98246487U CN2387467Y (en) 1998-11-13 1998-11-13 Solar water heater

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN98246487U CN2387467Y (en) 1998-11-13 1998-11-13 Solar water heater

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Publication Number Publication Date
CN2387467Y true CN2387467Y (en) 2000-07-12

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CN98246487U Expired - Fee Related CN2387467Y (en) 1998-11-13 1998-11-13 Solar water heater

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100465547C (en) * 2006-08-25 2009-03-04 中国科学院半导体研究所 Double-rail synchronous sun tracking device
CN1908549B (en) * 2006-08-21 2010-05-12 河海大学 Heat pipe type spherical disc type solar energy light and heat collecting system
WO2013042086A1 (en) 2011-09-23 2013-03-28 Active Space Technologies, Actividades Aeroespaciais S.A. Passive heat source tracking system
CN103104992A (en) * 2011-11-13 2013-05-15 华洪林 Automatic tracking device on dual-track solar heating system
CN112305998A (en) * 2020-11-12 2021-02-02 台州中盟联动企业管理合伙企业(有限合伙) Alternating current servo tracking control system and method thereof

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1908549B (en) * 2006-08-21 2010-05-12 河海大学 Heat pipe type spherical disc type solar energy light and heat collecting system
CN100465547C (en) * 2006-08-25 2009-03-04 中国科学院半导体研究所 Double-rail synchronous sun tracking device
WO2013042086A1 (en) 2011-09-23 2013-03-28 Active Space Technologies, Actividades Aeroespaciais S.A. Passive heat source tracking system
CN103104992A (en) * 2011-11-13 2013-05-15 华洪林 Automatic tracking device on dual-track solar heating system
CN112305998A (en) * 2020-11-12 2021-02-02 台州中盟联动企业管理合伙企业(有限合伙) Alternating current servo tracking control system and method thereof
CN112305998B (en) * 2020-11-12 2021-09-14 台州中盟联动企业管理合伙企业(有限合伙) Alternating current servo tracking control system and method thereof

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