CN2232919Y

CN2232919Y - Fixed-bed coal gasifying furnace with furnace temp auto-controller

Info

Publication number: CN2232919Y
Application number: CN 95224131
Authority: CN
Inventors: 高健; 高秀岭
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1995-11-09
Filing date: 1995-11-09
Publication date: 1996-08-14
Anticipated expiration: 2005-11-09

Abstract

The utility model relates to a fixed-bed coal gasifying furnace with furnace temp auto-controller, composed of a furnace body, a boiler with a jacket, an ash handling device, a gas in-out port, a coal charging port, an ash discharging port and a temperature thermocouple. The utility model is characterized in that the temperature thermocouple is plugged into the low temperature area of the gasifying layer inside the furnace and is fixed to the wall of the furnace. The temperature thermocouple is connected with a display instrument outside the furnace and a program controller; the program controller automatically adjusts and controls the blasting time and gas making time according to the measured furnace temperature in order to control the temperature of the gasifying layer inside the furnace automatically. The operating condition of the utility model gasifying furnace is stable; the utility model can increase gas production, effective gas composition and decomposition rate of steam, decrease carbon residue of furnace cinder, and obtain the purpose of energy saving and consumption reducing. The utility model can be widely applied to nitrogenous fertilizer factories which use coal as raw materials and other industrial departments for coal gasifying production.

Description

The fixed bed coal gasifier of band furnace temperature automatic control device

The utility model relates to a kind of fixed bed coal gasifier with the furnace temperature automatic control device.

At present, the measurement of furnace temperature mode that fixed bed coal gasifier adopts, a kind of mode is not fix the thermoscope thermometric.During thermometric, thermopair is inserted in the stove, extract at once after having surveyed.This method can not in time reflect furnace temperature, can not realize the automatic control of coal gasifier.Another kind of mode is that temperature thermocouple is fixed on the jacket boiler sidewall, but the temperature that records like this is on the low side, can not correctly reflect furnace temperature.Though the available computers device carries out the automatic control of furnace temperature, but because the primary element installation site is unreasonable, the thermometric deviation is big, be subjected to influence of various factors, though still can not accurately reflect right value through compensation, Gu this often is not in optimum value in humidity province of control automatically, make the stove fluctuation of service, gas production rate can not be improved, and consumes morely, and gas quality is lower.

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of fixed bed coal gasifier with the furnace temperature automatic control device.Its temperature element has rational installation site, thereby can reflect correct furnace temperature, and gasification layer temperature can remain on optimum regime, to improve gas production rate and the CO in the coal gas and the H of coal gasifier ₂Content, the utilization ratio of raising steam decomposition rate and coal is avoided scabbing in the stove effectively, avoids burning out grate.

The utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:

Fixed bed coal gasifier is the stove that uses on the general industry, the fixed bed coal gasifier of the utility model band furnace temperature automatic control device comprises cylindric body of heater 1, the body of heater material is a carbon steel, and the body of heater middle and lower part is provided with water jacket 2, produces low-pressure steam in it and plays the effect that reduces furnace wall temperature.The stove bottom is chassis 3, the chassis is provided with mechanical ashing device 4, ash handling equipment 4 is made up of the fire grate of pagoda-shaped, and its material is a cast iron, and furnace bottom is provided with gas feed 5, feed steam and air, furnace roof is provided with pneumatic outlet 6, so that output coal gas, furnace roof has coal filling hole 7 with the stove bottom ash output hole 8 to be arranged for coal, can discharge lime-ash, thermopair is installed in stove.Thermopair is with vertically, and level or vergence direction are inserted in the stove near in the charcoal layer cold zone of water jacket, and are fixed on the furnace wall, and the outer tube of thermopair is a high-temperature resistant tube.The temperature signal that thermopair will record is continuously delivered to temperature display meter, show the temperature in coming out of the stove, its temperature signal is delivered to program controlled device, control air-supply time and system gas time are if furnace temperature surpasses the temperature of setting, program controlled device, to reduce the air-supply time, if temperature is lower than the temperature of setting, time variable control is confidential will to increase the air-supply time, thereby can be with Control for Kiln Temperature in certain temperature range.Program controlled device can also burn partially to fire bed, and position is too high or too low gives the alarm for gasification layer.What temperature display meter and program controlled device were used is that existing furnace temperature shows and control device, no longer describes in detail here.

The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Accompanying drawing is a structural representation of the present utility model.

The fixed bed coal gasifier of band furnace temperature automatic control device described in the utility model, it comprises body of heater 1, water jacket 2, chassis 3, ash handling equipment 4, gas feed 5, pneumatic outlet 6, coal filling hole 7, ash output hole 8 and temperature thermocouple 9.Temperature thermopair 9 is from the body of heater external vertical, in the cold zone of the charcoal layer 10 of the close water jacket 2 in level or the vergence direction insertion stove, again thermopair 9 and furnace wall are fixed, thermopair 9 is connected with program controlled device with stove temperature display meter outward, so that delivering to temperature display meter, the temperature signal that thermopair 9 is recorded shows temperature in coming out of the stove, its temperature signal is with being fed to program controlled device, between control air-supply is advanced and the system gas time, thereby realize temperature auto control in the stove, described thermopair 9 can be more than one or one, can with several thermopairs vertically different heights arrange, also can distribute, but all should place the cold zone of charcoal layer 10 in the stove at the warp-wise of different angles.Thermopair 9 is 1-200mm with the distance of water jacket 2.

Because the zone that thermopair inserts is charcoal floor district in the stove, temperature is higher, and its sleeve pipe is special nickel chromium triangle austenitic alloy or other high temperature resistant material, and it is high temperature resistant, use temperature up to 1200 ℃ and more than because be corrosive in the coal gasifier gas such as CO, CO ₂CO ₂, H ₂S etc., sleeve pipe charcoal layer direct and that stove is interior contacts, and denudes it and the charcoal layer is mobile from top to bottom, so it is corrosion-resistant, heat-resisting shake.

According to the measured temperature scope, thermocouple wire can be selected the silk of nickel chromium triangle-nisiloy thermocouple, and the thermocouple wire of other types.

Program controlled device is a microcomputer, can accept the electrical signal of thermocouple measurement gasification layer temperature, then with the set-point of gasification layer temperature relatively, be higher than set-point as the temperature of gasification layer, program controlled device reduces blow-time, increase the time of system gas, be lower than set-point as the temperature of gasification layer, program controlled device then increases blow-time, reduce the system gas time, so that make gasification layer temperature remain on optimum regime, promptly keep comparatively high temps, but be no more than the ash fusion point of coal.

In addition, program controlled device also can be provided with the interior charcoal layer of stove and burn partially, the too high or too low warning device in gasification layer position.What program controlled device adopted is existing installation, and control mode and principle are identical.(when coal gasifier long period blowing out, furnace temperature can raise, and for the protection thermocouple sheath, it can be extracted the charcoal layer, or logical steam cools off it).

The utlity model has following advantage:

Because temperature thermocouple is to be fixed in the interior charcoal layer of stove, so can survey continuously The temperature of amount coal gasification layer, the coal gasifier program controlled device can be according to temperature thermocouple Measure the situation of temperature, automatically control gasification layer temperature and reach optimum state, improve Gasification layer temperature, but be no more than the ash fusion point of coal, stablizing the operating mode of gasification furnace, Improve gas production and available gas composition, improve steam decomposition rate, reduce in the slag Carbon residue, reach energy-saving and cost-reducing purpose, the utility model can be used widely In the nitrogen fertilizer plant take coal as raw material, and the coal gasification production of other industrial departments.

Claims

1, a kind of fixed bed coal gasifier with the furnace temperature automatic control device, it comprises body of heater (1), water jacket (2), chassis (3), ash handling equipment (4), gas feed (5), pneumatic outlet (6), coal filling hole (7), ash output hole (8) and temperature thermocouple (9), it is characterized in that described temperature thermocouple (9) is inserted in the cold zone of the charcoal layer (10) of close water jacket (2) in the stove, and fix with the furnace wall, thermopair (9) is connected with program controlled device with stove temperature display meter outward.

2,, it is characterized in that described temperature thermocouple (9) is more than 1 or 1 according to the described fixed bed coal gasifier of claim l.

According to the described fixed bed coal gasifier of claim l, it is characterized in that 3, described thermopair (9) is 1-200mm with the distance of water jacket (2).

4, according to the described fixed bed coal gasifier of claim 1, the sleeve pipe that it is characterized in that described temperature thermocouple (9) is nickel chromium triangle Austriaization body alloy or other anti-high magnetic temperature, corrosion resistant material.